GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 1

(i)

compounds with different numbers of carbon atoms have different boiling points
heating vaporises crude oil
different compounds condense at different temperatures

(ii)

gasoline

(iii)

naphtha
compounds containing only
the elements carbon & hydrogen

QUESTIONSHEET 2

1
1
1

TOTAL 10

(ii)

contains oil/stop oil running about/safety

very high
dark yellow
does not burn

1
1
1

(ii)

A
Any two from
low b.p./volatile
easy to burn
clean flame

he

(i)

ma

distillation

(b)

(c)

(i)

ww
w.c

(a)

e.c

(c)

ctiv

(b)

Any three from:

bodies of sea creatures
that died millions of years ago
decayed anaerobically
under high temperature and pressure

om

(a)

C
high viscosity

2
1
1

TOTAL 10

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 3
a compound containing carbon & hydrogen
only

1
1

(b)

Any two from:

compounds have same general formula
physical properties show gradation
chemical properties are similar

C6H14

(c)
(d)

(i)

om

(a)

H
H

H
H

ctiv

e.c

straight chain version

(iii)

Any two from:

has greatest contact with neighbouring molecules
therefore greater intermolecular forces of attraction
greater forces mean more energy/heat needed to separate molecules

ww
w.c

QUESTIONSHEET 4

he

ma

(ii)

TOTAL 10

(a)

fractional distillation

(b)

cracking

(c)

polymerisation

(d)

(e)

single bond
indication of long chain

1
1

non-biodegradable/stays in ground for a long time

toxic fumes when burnt

1
1

TOTAL 7

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 5
contains carbon carbon double bond

(b)

CnH2n

(c)

Any two from:

300oC/raised temperature/heat
60 atmospheres/high pressure
phosphoric acid/catalyst

OH

Cl

ma

Cl

1
1

ctiv

shake each gas with bromine water

bromine loses colour with ethene/not with ethane

he

(f)

ww
w.c

(e)

e.c

(d)

om

(a)

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 6
(a)

(i)

high temperature
named catalyst
(aluminium oxide/silicon dioxide/broken pot)

1
1

(ii)
water
heat

liquid paraffin in mineral wool

catalyst
heat
collection over water

ctiv

ma

saturated have only carbon-carbon single bonds

unsaturated have at least one carbon-carbon double bond

he

(b)

product is gas, starting material is liquid

ww
w.c

(iii)

om

pieces of broken
porcelain

e.c

mineral wool
soaked with
liquid paraffin

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 7
(i)
H

has only carbon-carbon single bonds

(iii)

needs a double bond to form polymers

(i)
H

(ii)
H

C2H5

C2H5

he

ma

or

CH3

CH3

CH3 CH3

(i)

cups/electrical fittings/kettles

(ii)

heat sample of the plastic

if it melts it is thermoplastic
if it chars it is thermosetting

1
1
1

ww
w.c

(c)

or

om

(ii)

e.c

(b)

ctiv

(a)

TOTAL 9

QUESTIONSHEET 8
(a)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

1,2-dibromoethane
hydrogen
nickel/platinum
phosphoric acid/sulphuric acid
poly(ethene) /polythene
ethanol

1
1
1
1
1
1

H2O

(b)

C2H4

(c)

making margarine

C2H5OH

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 9
(a)

(b)

(i)

pentane

(ii)

C8H18

(i)
180

160

140

om

120
100
80

40

20
0

X4

- 40

- 60
- 80

- 120

- 180

sensible scales
axes labelled + units
points plotted correctly
smooth curve drawn through points

1
1
1
1

99oC (+/- 1oC)

ww
w.c

(c)

10

he

- 140

(ii)

ma

X
- 100

- 160

ctiv

- 20

e.c

60

H
H

C
H

H
H

H
H

H
H
H

H
C

TOTAL 10

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 10
(a)

e.c

om

(b)

it is light/low density
strong

(d)

poly(ethene) is stronger than paper

can be mass produced/ethene is now readily available

(ii)

poly(phenylethene)
H
C
H

(b)
(c)

(d)

C6H5
H
C

ma

ww
w.c

(i)

he

QUESTIONSHEET 11
(a)

1
1

ctiv

(c)

1
1

TOTAL

double bond

(i)

flexible
electrical insulator

1
1

(ii)

rubber perishes/cracks in time

poly(chloroethene) is fire-resistant

1
1

non-biodegradable
toxic fumes when burned

1
1

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 12
A poly(propene)
B

CH3

om

(a)

e.c

C tetrafluoroethene

the simplest compound from which a polymer is made

(c)

a molecule/compound made by joining thousands of monomers

(d)

C2 F 4

(e)

it does not rust/lighter/lower density

TOTAL

he

QUESTIONSHEET 13

ma

ctiv

(b)

alkanes

(b)

ethene and propene

(i)

C8H18

(ii)

octane

(c)

(d)

(e)

ww
w.c

(a)

Two from:
makes use of less useful fractions
produces more petrol
produces alkenes/raw materials for the petrochemical industry

Two from:
poly(ethene)
ethanol
bromoethane
ethane-1, 2-diol

TOTAL

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 14
water

(b)

turn cloudy/milky

(i)

carbon

(ii)

incomplete combustion

(iii)

carbon monoxide

(c)

om

(a)

(b)

C2H4
(i)

oxygen

(ii)

C3H7

H2O

C2H5OH

ctiv

(a)

CH3

(d)

he

2
1

Against Two from:

can have side effects
lack of consumer choice
can lead to bad food being sold

(i)

sugar cane needs warm climate to grow

Brazils climate is more suitable that Britains

1
1

(ii)

people may drink it

solvent

ww
w.c

(c)

For Two from:

help to preserve food
help food processing
attractive colours

ma

(iii)

e.c

QUESTIONSHEET 15

TOTAL 5

TOTAL 12

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 16
(a)
H

C5H12
C6H14
H

keep it cool
keep away from flames & sparks

(c)

they would tend to boil off together

(i)

13% ( 2%)

(ii)

16% ( 3%)

(iii)

24% ( 3%)

(b)

liquid

(c)

11%

ww
w.c

(a)

he

QUESTIONSHEET 17

ma

(b)

om

e.c

ctiv

1
1

1
1
1
1

TOTAL 7

1
1
1
1
1

TOTAL 5

GCSE CHEMISTRY

PRODUCTS FROM OIL

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 18
a substance which helps in cleaning processes

(ii)

Two from:
if not, will stay in water
causing rivers to foam
harming aquatic life

(i)

chromatography

(ii)

ink would run in solvent

(iii)

yellow

(iv)

orange

om

(b)

(i)

e.c

(a)

TOTAL 7

(i)

jet aeroplane fuel

(ii)

petrol

(iii)

petroleum gas

ma

1
1
1
1

he

(b)

guttering easily moulded

carrier bags can be coloured or lightweight
combs easily moulded
sandwich bags non-toxic

ww
w.c

(a)

ctiv

QUESTIONSHEET 19

1
1

TOTAL 7

QUESTIONSHEET 20
(a)

C & D (both)

(i)

produces carbon dioxide

may produce toxic gases

1
1

(ii)

last for a long time/may cause pollution of water supplies

eyesore

1
1

(c)

they may melt

if they are thermoplastics

1
1

(d)

used to heat homes/factories

(b)

TOTAL 8