Mobile Studio Activity #6

Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Introduction
Series RLC Circuits exhibit transient responses to signals in the form of second order differential
equations. This is due to the dynamic nature of capacitors and inductors, whose voltage and current in a
circuit depend on the previous states of the devices, and the total resistance of the circuit seen by each
𝛼
device. The response of a second order RLC circuit has a dampening ratio 𝜁 ≡ 𝜔 , and the shape of this
0
response depends on this value. An effect time constant 𝜏 can be found by approximating the response
of the circuit as a signal exponential curve.

Procedure
The breadboard configuration for this lab is based off of the two simulated circuit diagrams
found in the Data section on page 3 and page 6. Readings from the Mobile Studio Desktop software
were taken for three different size resistors in the series RLC circuit. For the Operational Amplifier
circuit, the Mobile Studio Desktop software was used to take readings for three different size capacitors.
Readings were also taken for 10kΩ resistors instead of 1kΩ ones.

Analysis
Using Mesh Analysis of the RLC circuit to find current, it is possible to obtain a second order
differential equation for the response and solve for 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 . Voltage through an inductor is equivalent to
𝑑𝑖 𝑑𝑣𝐶
𝐿 . By substituting current across a capacitor with its equivalent 𝐶 , the inductors voltage becomes
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑2𝑣
𝐿𝐶 𝑑𝑡 2𝐶 . Voltage across the capacitor and the resistor are then formulated using Ohm’s Law and the
equation for current across a capacitor. The result is an equation of the form:
𝑑 2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2
+ 2𝛼 𝑑𝑡
+ 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝑇 𝑡 , where 2𝛼 = 𝑅/𝐿 and 𝜔0 2 = 1/𝐿𝐶. The dampening ratio
𝛼
𝜁≡𝜔 determines whether the response is overdamped (𝜁 > 1), critically damped (𝜁 = 1), or
0
underdamped (𝜁 < 1). Methods for solving the differential equation are different for each type of
dampening. For overdamped circuits, replacing the derivate terms with s produces 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 𝑠1 𝑡 +
𝐾2 𝑒 𝑠2 𝑡 . When the circuit is critically damped, s1 and s2 are equal and the coefficient becomes 2K.
Underdamped circuits will produce the complex roots 𝑠 = −𝛼 ± 𝛽𝑗, which results in the complex
−𝛼+𝛽𝑗 𝑡 −𝛼−𝛽𝑗 𝑡
equation 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 + 𝐾2 𝑒 . This can be reduced to 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐴𝑒 −𝛼𝑡 cos 𝛽𝑡 + 𝜑 ,
𝛽
where 𝜑 = tan−1 and 𝐴 = 𝛼 2 + 𝛽 2 . For overdamped circuits, the overall time constant will be the
𝛼
larger euler exponent of the two in the response equation. Critically damped circuits only have one euler
exponent, so this must be the time constant. And in the case of the underdamped response, the limit of
the euler-cosine function will approach the limit of the euler function by itself. Therefore, this euler
exponent must be the time constant.

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Conclusion
The differential approach to Series RLC Circuits also applies to certain types of Op Amp circuits.
The same methods used to solve for these circuits works, and the only difference is that the circuit
analysis that provides the voltage equations used in the differential equations solution is more
complicated. The dampening ratio will still determine the shape of the response, and the time constant
can be found for these circuits as well. The dampening effects are unique to second order circuits, but
exist simply because of the physics of the dynamic devices within the circuit.

Questions
PART A
1. As the resistance of the potentiometer in a series RLC circuit decreases, the circuit becomes less
damped. This means that the effective time constant of the circuit is smaller, so the voltage of
𝛼
the capacitor takes less time to level off. For circuits with a damping ratio 𝜁 ≡ greater than 1,
𝜔0
the voltage over the capacitor will be overdamped. If 𝜁 = 1, the natural response of the circuit is
critically damped. And if 𝜁 < 1, the circuit is underdamped. Underdamped responses will take
the shape of a sinusoidal wave dampened by an exponential time constant.

2. The effective time constant of the signal over the capacitor for the series RLC circuit with a 50Ω
resistor is 0.00004.

3. The resistance of the circuit seen by the capacitor is 1587Ω.

PART B
1. When C2 is varied between 0.1μF and 100μF in the Operational Amplifier circuit while C1 is kept
at 1μF, the time constant increases. Also, the amplitude of the sinusoidal dampening of the
circuit decreases with an increase in capacitance. At 0.1μF, the response is underdamped. The
1μF capacitor has a critically damped response. Also, the 100μF capacitor has an overdamped
response.

2. Varying the resistors in the Op Amp circuit (as long as they are varied together) will simply
change the effective time constant of the response wave. By replacing the 1kΩ resistors with
10kΩ, the time constant changes from 10-3 to 10-4.

3. By replacing only R2 with a 10kΩ resistor, the response becomes overdamped. The effective
time constant also increases.

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Data
R1 L1
1 2
1k 1mH
V+ V- V

V1 = 0 V1
V2 = 1
TD = .0005 C1
TR = 0 0.1uF
TF = 0
PW = .0005
PER = .001

Voltage across Capacitor for 1kΩ Resistor

𝐿 = 1𝑚𝐻 = 10−3 𝐻 𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
2
+ 2𝛼 + 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝑇 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝐶 = 0.1𝜇𝐹 = 10−7 𝐹
𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
𝑅 = 1𝑘Ω = 10 Ω 3
2
+ 106 + 1010 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 0
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑅 103 Ω 𝑠 2 + 106 𝑠 + 1010 = 0
2𝛼 = = −3 = 106 𝐻𝑧
𝐿 10 𝐻
𝑠1 = −9.9 × 105 ≈ −106
1 1
𝜔0 2 = = = 1010 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2 /𝑠 2
𝐿𝐶 10 𝐻 10−7 𝐹
−3 𝑠2 = −1.01 × 104 ≈ −104

𝑣𝑇 0 = 1𝑉 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 𝑠1 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 𝑠2 𝑡

𝑣𝐿 0 = 0𝑉 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 −1000000 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 −10000 𝑡

𝑑𝑖 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
𝑣𝐿 𝑡 = 𝐿 = 𝐾1 𝑠1 𝑒 𝑠1 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑠2 𝑒 𝑠2 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑖 0 𝑣𝐶 0 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 1𝑉
0 𝑑𝑡 = 𝐿 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣𝐶 0
= −106 𝐾1 − 104 𝐾2
𝑡=𝐿∙𝑖 0 =0 𝑑𝑡

𝑖 0 = 0𝐴 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
𝑖 𝑡 =𝐶
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
𝑖 𝑡 =𝐶 𝑖 0 = 10−7 −106 𝐾1 − 104 𝐾2 = 0𝐴
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡 −0.1𝐾1 − 0.001𝐾2 = 0𝐴
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝑅𝐶
𝑑𝑡
1 1 𝐾1 1
=
𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 −0.1 −0.001 𝐾2 0
𝑣𝐿 𝑡 = 𝐿𝐶
𝑑𝑡 2 𝐾1 −0.01
=
𝑣𝐿 𝑡 + 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 + 𝑣𝑅 𝑡 = 𝑣𝑇 𝑡 𝐾2 1.01

𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = −0.01𝑒 −1000000 𝑡 + 1.01𝑒 −10000 𝑡

𝐿𝐶 2
+ 𝑅𝐶 + 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝑣𝑇 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Voltage across Capacitor for 500Ω Resistor

𝑅 = 500Ω 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 −480000 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 −21000 𝑡

𝑅 500Ω 𝑖 𝑡 = 𝐶 𝐾1 𝑠1 𝑒 𝑠1 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑠2 𝑒 𝑠2 𝑡
2𝛼 = = −3 = 5 × 105 𝐻𝑧
𝐿 10 𝐻
𝑣𝐶 0 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 1𝑉
𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡
+ 2𝛼 + 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝑇 𝑡 𝑖 0 = 10−7 −480000𝐾1 − 21000𝐾2 = 0𝐴
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡

𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡 −0.048𝐾1 − 0.0021𝐾2 = 0𝐴

2
+ 5 × 105 + 1010 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 0
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
1 1 𝐾1 1
=
2 5
𝑠 + 5 × 10 𝑠 + 10 10
=0 −0.048 −0.0021 𝐾2 0

𝑠1 = −4.8 × 105 𝐾1 −0.045

=
𝐾2 1.04
𝑠2 = −2.1 × 104
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = −0.045𝑒 −480000 𝑡 + 1.04𝑒 −21000 𝑡
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 𝑠1 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 𝑠2 𝑡

Voltage across Capacitor for 50Ω Resistor

𝑅 = 50Ω −𝛼+𝛽𝑗 𝑡 −𝛼−𝛽𝑗 𝑡
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 + 𝐾2 𝑒

𝑅 50Ω 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐴𝑒 −𝛼𝑡 cos 𝛽𝑡 + 𝜑

2𝛼 = = −3 = 5 × 104 𝐻𝑧
𝐿 10 𝐻
𝛽
𝑑2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝜑 = tan−1
+ 2𝛼 + 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝑇 𝑡 𝛼
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
9.7 × 104
2
𝑑 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝐶 𝑡 𝜑 = tan−1 = 1.319𝑟𝑎𝑑
+ 5 × 10 4
+ 1010 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 0 2.5 × 104
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
𝐴= 𝛼 2 + 𝛽2
𝑠 2 + 5 × 104 𝑠 + 1010 = 0
𝐴= 2.5 × 104 2 + 9.7 × 104 2 = 105
𝑠 = −2.5 × 104 ± 9.7 × 104 𝑗
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 100000𝑒 −25000 𝑡 cos 97000𝑡
𝑠 = −𝛼 ± 𝛽𝑗
+ 1.319

Effective Time Constant of Capacitor in 50Ω Series RLC Circuit

𝑣 = 𝐾𝑒 −𝑡/𝜏

𝑣𝐶 𝑡 ≐ 100000𝑒 −25000 𝑡

1
𝜏= = 4 × 10−5
25000
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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Resistance of Series RLC Circuit

𝑓 = 1𝑘𝐻𝑧

𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓 = 2000𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠

1 1
𝑋𝐶 = = = 1592Ω
𝜔𝐶 2000𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 10−7 𝐹

𝑋𝐿 = 𝜔𝐿 = 2000𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 10−3 𝐻 = 6.283Ω

𝑍= 𝑅 2 + 𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 2

𝑍 1𝑘Ω = 1𝑘Ω2 + 6.283Ω − 1592Ω 2 = 1875Ω

𝑍 500Ω = 500Ω2 + 6.283Ω − 1592Ω 2 = 1663Ω

𝑍 50Ω = 50Ω2 + 6.283Ω − 1592Ω 2 = 1587Ω

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2
C1

1uF
iC
R1 R2 IC = 0v U1
v1
+
vin vout
1k 1k vout
i1 OUT
V1 = 0 V1 V
-
V2 = 1 PARAMETERS: i2 C2 OPAMP
TD = .0005 C = 1uF {C}
TR = 0
TF = 0
PW = .0005 IC = 0v
PER = .001

Output Voltage of Op Amp Circuit

𝑖1 = 𝑖2 + 𝑖𝐶 𝑑2 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝐶2 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 1
+ + 𝑣
𝑣𝑖𝑛 − 𝑣1 𝑑𝑡 2 𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2 𝑑𝑡 𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2 𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑖1 = = 𝑣𝑖𝑛
𝑅1

𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑑2 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡

𝑖2 = 𝐶2 2
+ 2𝜁𝜔0 + 𝜔0 2 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑣𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑 𝐶2 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 1 1
𝑖𝐶 = 𝐶1 𝑣 − 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 2𝜁𝜔0 = = +
𝑑𝑡 1 𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2 𝑅2 𝐶1 𝑅1 𝐶1

𝑣𝑖𝑛 − 𝑣1 𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑑 1
= 𝐶2 + 𝐶1 𝑣 − 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝜔0 2 =
𝑅1 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 1 𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2

𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 1
𝑣1 = 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑅2 𝐶2 𝜔0 =
𝑑𝑡 𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2
𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝐶2 𝑅1 + 𝑅2
𝑣𝑖𝑛 − 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝑅2 𝐶2 𝜁=
𝑑𝑡
𝑅1 2 𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2
𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡
= 𝐶2 𝑠 2 + 2𝜁𝜔0 𝑠 + 𝜔0 2 = 0
𝑑𝑡
𝑑 𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡
+ 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2 𝑠1 = −𝜔0 𝜁 + 𝜔0 𝜁 2 − 1
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑2 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑑𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑠2 = −𝜔0 𝜁 − 𝜔0 𝜁 2 − 1

𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑅2 𝐶2 2
+ 𝐶2 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
= 𝑣𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 𝑠1 𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 𝑠2 𝑡

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Output Voltage for 0.1μF Capacitor in Op Amp Circuit

1 𝑠2 = −3162 × 0.3162 − 3162 0.1 − 1
𝜔0 2 =
1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω 0.1𝜇𝐹 = −1000 + 3000𝑗
= 107 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2 /𝑠 2
−1000+3000𝑗 𝑡
𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒
𝜔0 = 3162 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 + 𝐾2 𝑒 −1000−3000 𝑗 𝑡

0.1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω + 1𝑘Ω

𝜁= = 0.3162 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 𝐴𝑒 −1000𝑡 cos 3000𝑡 + 𝜑
2 1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω 0.1𝜇𝐹
3000
2 𝜑 = tan−1 = 1.25𝑟𝑎𝑑
𝜁 = 0.1 1000

𝑠1 = −3162 × 0.3162 + 3162 0.1 − 1 𝐴= 10002 + 30002 = 3162

= −1000 + 3000𝑗
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = 3162𝑒 −1000𝑡 cos 3000𝑡 + 1.25

Output Voltage for 1μF Capacitor in Op Amp Circuit

1 𝑠1 = −1000 + 1000 1 − 1 = −1000
𝜔0 2 =
1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹
= 106 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2 /𝑠 2 𝑠2 = −1000 − 1000 1 − 1 = −1000

𝜔0 = 1000 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 2𝐾𝑒 −1000𝑡

1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω + 1𝑘Ω 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 0 = 2𝐾 = 1𝑉

𝜁= =1
2 1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1
𝐾=
𝜁2 = 1 2

𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝑒 −1000𝑡

Output Voltage for 100μF Capacitor in Op Amp Circuit

1 𝑠2 = −1000 − 100 100 − 1 = −1995
𝜔0 2 =
1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω 100𝜇𝐹
= 104 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2 /𝑠 2 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 −5𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 −1995𝑡

𝜔0 = 100 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 0 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 1𝑉

100𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω + 1𝑘Ω 𝑖2 𝑡 = 100𝜇𝐹 −5𝐾1 𝑒 −5𝑡 − 1995𝐾2 𝑒 −1995𝑡

𝜁= = 10
2 1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω 100𝜇𝐹
𝑖2 0 = 100𝜇𝐹 −5𝐾1 − 1995𝐾2 = 0𝐴
𝜁 2 = 100 −0.0005𝐾1 − 0.1995𝐾2 = 0𝐴
𝑠1 = −1000 + 100 100 − 1 = −5

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

1 1 𝐾1 1 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 1.0025𝑒 −5𝑡 − 0.0025𝑒 −1995𝑡

=
−0.0005 −0.1995 𝐾2 0

𝐾1 1.0025
=
𝐾2 −0.0025

Output Voltage for 10kΩ Resistors in Op Amp Circuit

1 𝑠1 = −10000 + 10000 1 − 1 = −10000
𝜔0 2 =
10𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 10𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹
= 106 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2 /𝑠 2 𝑠2 = −10000 − 10000 1 − 1 = −10000

𝜔0 = 10000 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 2𝐾𝑒 −10000 𝑡

1𝜇𝐹 10𝑘Ω + 10𝑘Ω 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 0 = 2𝐾 = 1𝑉

𝜁= =1
2 10𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 10𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 1
𝐾=
𝜁2 = 1 2

𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝑒 −10000 𝑡

Output Voltage for 10kΩ Resistors in Op Amp Circuit

1 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝐾1 𝑒 −100𝑡 + 𝐾2 𝑒 −1000 𝑡
𝜔0 2 =
1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 10𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹
= 105 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2 /𝑠 2 𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 0 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 1𝑉

𝜔0 = 316.2 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑖2 𝑡 = 1𝜇𝐹 −100𝐾1 𝑒 −100𝑡 − 1000𝐾2 𝑒 −1000𝑡

1𝜇𝐹 1𝑘Ω + 10𝑘Ω 𝑖2 0 = 1𝜇𝐹 −100𝐾1 − 1000𝐾2 = 0𝐴

𝜁= = 1.739
2 1𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 10𝑘Ω 1𝜇𝐹 −0.0001𝐾1 − 0.001𝐾2 = 0𝐴

𝜁 2 = 3.025 1 1 𝐾1 1
=
−0.0001 −0.001 𝐾2 0
𝑠1 = −316.2 × 1.739 + 316.2 3.025 − 1
= −100 𝐾1 1.11
=
𝐾2 −0.11
𝑠2 = −316.2 × 1.739 − 316.2 3.025 − 1
𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 1.11𝑒 −100𝑡 − 0.11𝑒 −1000𝑡
= −1000

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2
Figure 1 - Mobile Studio Reading: Voltage across 0.1uF Capacitor and 1kΩ Resistor in Series RLC Circuit

Figure 2 - Mobile Studio Reading: Voltage across 0.1uF Capacitor and 500Ω Resistor in Series RLC Circuit

Figure 3 – Mobile Studio Reading: Voltage across 0.1uF Capacitor and 50Ω Resistor in Series RLC Circuit

Figure 4 - Mobile Studio Reading: Output Voltage for 0.1uF Capacitance in Op Amp Circuit

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Figure 5 - Mobile Studio Reading: Output Voltage for 1uF Capacitance in Op Amp Circuit

Figure 6 - Mobile Studio Reading: Output Voltage for 100uF Capacitance in Op Amp Circuit

Figure 7 - Mobile Studio Reading: Output Voltage for 10kΩ Resistance in Op Amp Circuit

Figure 8 - Mobile Studio Reading: Output Voltage for 1kΩ, 10kΩ Series Resistance in Op Amp Circuit

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Figure 9 - PSPICE Simulation: Voltage across Capacitor for Variable Resistance in Series RLC Circuit

1.5V

100Ω
1.0V

500Ω
1kΩ
0.5V 1kΩ

500Ω
0V

100Ω
-0.5V

-1.0V
0.50ms 0.55ms 0.60ms 0.65ms 0.70ms 0.75ms 0.80ms 0.85ms 0.90ms 0.95ms 1.00ms 1.05ms 1.10ms 1.15ms 1.20ms 1.25ms 1.30ms 1.35ms 1.40ms 1.45ms 1.50ms
V(R1:1,L1:1) V(C1:2)
Time

Figure 10 - PSPICE Simulation: Voltage across Resistor for Variable Resistance in Series RLC Circuit

1.5V

1.0V

0.5V

1kΩ
500Ω 100Ω
0V

500Ω
100Ω
-0.5V
1kΩ

-1.0V
0.50ms 0.55ms 0.60ms 0.65ms 0.70ms 0.75ms 0.80ms 0.85ms 0.90ms 0.95ms 1.00ms 1.05ms 1.10ms 1.15ms 1.20ms 1.25ms 1.30ms 1.35ms 1.40ms 1.45ms 1.50ms
V(R1:1,L1:1) V(C1:2)
Time

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Figure 11 - PSPICE Simulation: Output Voltage for Variable Capacitance in Op Amp Circuit
1.2V

1.0V

0.1uF
0.8V

0.6V

0.4V

1uF
0.2V

100uF
0V
0s 0.5ms 1.0ms 1.5ms 2.0ms 2.5ms 3.0ms 3.5ms 4.0ms 4.5ms 5.0ms 5.5ms 6.0ms 6.5ms 7.0ms 7.5ms 8.0ms 8.5ms 9.0ms 9.5ms 10.0ms
V(U1:OUT)
Time

Figure 12 - PSPICE Simulation: Output Voltage for Variable Resistance in Op Amp Circuit
700mV

600mV

500mV

1kΩ
400mV

300mV

200mV 5kΩ
10kΩ
100mV

0V
0s 0.5ms 1.0ms 1.5ms 2.0ms 2.5ms 3.0ms 3.5ms 4.0ms 4.5ms 5.0ms 5.5ms 6.0ms 6.5ms 7.0ms 7.5ms 8.0ms 8.5ms 9.0ms 9.5ms 10.0ms
V(C1:2)
Time

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 Mobile Studio Activity #6
Adam Steinberger Electric Circuits Section 2

Figure 13- PSPICE Simulation: Output Voltage for 1kΩ, 10kΩ Series Resistance in Op Amp Circuit
240mV

200mV

160mV

120mV

80mV

40mV

0V
0s 20ms 40ms 60ms 80ms 100ms 120ms 140ms 160ms 180ms 200ms 220ms 240ms
V(C1:2)
Time

Figure 14 - MATLAB Plot: Voltage across Capacitor for Variable Resistance in Series RLC Circuit
1
R=1k
R=500

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
-3
x 10

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