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Editing Test
Brief

In this test, you will find extracts from research manuscripts.The test has been
designed to gauge editorial sensibilities, language and grammar, mechanics and style,
subject-matter expertise, referencing skills, logic and comprehension, and attention to
detail.
The passages contain errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling, and most of the
sentences are not written in native English. You need to edit the passage (you will be
told which one) by correcting these errors.
Note that we do not share detailed test results/feedback in order to keep the test
reusable.

Instructions

Use Track Changes to edit the content (press Ctrl + Shift + E or select Track Changes
from the Review tab). Make inline changes and do not strike off complete sentences
and rewrite them separately.
Use comments to communicate with the author. Comments can be inserted by
selecting the relevant text and pressing Alt + I + M or New Comment from the Review
tab.
Use either American or British English, but not both.
You may use a dictionary and/or thesaurus.
Make a note of the time taken to complete editing each passage.
Rename the file by adding your full name before the filename (e.g., John
Doe_Editing Test).

Here are a few tips


1. Attention to detail: The edited passages should be free of all typographical errors.
Authors tend to take a very serious note of these.
2. Language and grammar: Your edit should ensure that the passages are in flawless
native Englishadhering to the norms of good sentence structure, accurate word
choice, and correct grammar and punctuation. Avoid informal words and expressions.
3. Content and meaning: When editing, be careful not to change the authors content or
the original meaning of a sentence or phrase. If you wish to make such a change
because you think it is essential, bring this to the authors attention through a
comment.
4. Comments for the author: Communication with the author is important. Write
comments to the author when you are not sure what a particular phrase means, when
you are making a rather heavy edit, when you are unsure if your edit matches the
original intent of the sentence, etc.
5. Consistency: Ensure consistency in edits and format: use abbreviations (if any)
consistently, ensure that casing of terms and headings is consistent, etc.

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e EditSampl

Below is a sample edit to help you understand the kinds of edits you are expected to make.
Motion complexity of a task depends not on the task itself but on how a human
demonstrator shows demonstratesions of a the task, not depending a task itself. All
There can be different successful demonstrations will be different even for of a single
task, such as the a pouring task, depending on how much a the skill of the human
demonstrator is skillful for in performing the demonstration motions and/or how

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Test Passages
Biomedical
Part 1
Whether the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) is related to the decrease in total
antioxidant capacity (TAC) has not been completely clarified yet. We have assessed TAC of
blood serum in a group of 163 males with CHD aged between 34.877.0 years and in 163
age-matched peer individuals without CHD. Two spectrophotometries were applied to assess
TAC; ferric reducing ability of serum (TAC-FRAS) and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyle
(TAC-DPPH) tests. In CHD group, multivariate analysis reveal that uric acid (UA),
triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure contributed independently to the TAC-FRAS
variance. TAC-DPPH was favorably predicted by UA concentration, but negatively so by
current smoking and glucose levels. In males without CHD, UA was the only independent
determinant of both TAC-FRAS and TAC-DPPH. Presence of CHD was not independent
predictor of TACobserved between-group differences (higher TAC in CHD patients)
disappeared after adjustment for other confounders. We conclude that UA is the main
determinant of TAC of blood serum in males. TAC is also not directly influenced by age or
CHD but is related to several indices of overweight/obesity and lab measures of metabolic
syndrome, especially in CHD patients.
Part 2
Metformin is one of the most widely prescribed antidiabetics for the type 2 diabetes. The
critical role of metformin against tumorigenesis has recently been implicated, although
several studies also reported the lack of anticancer property of the antidiabetics. Given the
controversies regarding the potential role of metformin against tumour progression, the effect
of metformin against breast, cervical and ovarian tumour cell lines was examined followed by
in vivo assessment of metformin on tumour growth using xenograft breast cancer models.
Significant inhibitory impact of metformin was found on MCF-7, HeLa, and SKOV-3 cells,
suggesting an antiproliferative property of metformin against breast, cervical and ovarian
tumour cells, respectively, with the breast tumour cells, MCF-7, being the most
responsiveness. in vivo assessment was carried out subsequently, where mice with breast
tumours were treated with metformin (20 mg/kg bo. wt.) or sterile PBS solution for 15
consecutive days. No inhibition of breast tumour progression was detected in these rats.
However, tumour necrosis was significantly increased in the metformin-treated group,
accompanied by decreased capillary formation within the tumours. Thus, despite the lack of
short-term benefit of metformin against tumour progression, a preventive role of metformin
against breast cancer was implicated in this study, which is at partially attributable to the
attenuation of tumour angiogenesis.

Time taken to edit (in minutes): __


Part 1 Source: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Total Serum Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Men
and in Men with Coronary Heart Disease by A. Gawron-Skarbek, J. Chrzczanowicz, J. Kostka, et al.,
used under CC-BY
Part 2 Source: Attenuating Tumour Angiogenesis: A Preventive Role of Metformin against Breast
Cancer by S. Gao, J. Jiang, P. Li, et al., used under CC-BY

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Neuroscience
Introduction
. Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) scan is a non-invasive, promissing promissory
technique for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders. pathologies diagnosis. It allows a
quick analysis of the muscle action potentials in response to motor nerve stimulation, by
electrical stimulation applied on the surface of the motor nerve and response evaluation by
surface Electromyography (sEMG) at muscle level. Each motor unit (MU) of muscles has a
different stimulus intensity (SI) at which it is activated,. This means meaning that each MUs
have has a different thresholds level. Varying the intensity of the stimuli applied, gradually,
increasing from subthreshold to supramaximal values, will sequentially activate all MUs in
the muscle. In this way, This way, it is possible to obtain a graphical representation of the
amplitude of the evoked action potentials amplitude in the muscle versus the stimulation
intensity. This record will show a sigmoidal tendency which is called the CMAP scan. To be
used as a clinical tool, the stimulation parameters must be standardized and quantified in
order to enable uniform collection and comparison of data. Several studies have been
performed made recently to verify the potentiality potentials of this technique, that
investigates investigating the influence of different parameters in the quality of the CMAP
scan. In this work, new CMAP scan protocols were implemented to study the influence of
electrical pulse waveforms on the peripheral nerve excitability.
Methods
. A total of 13 healthy subjects were tested. The Sstimulation was performed with an
increasing intensities intensity range ranging from 4 to 30mA. The procedure was repeated 4
times per subject with a different single pulse stimulation waveform: monophasic square and
triangular and quadratic and biphasic square monophasic square, biphasic square, triangular,
and quadratic.
Results.
Different waveforms elicit different intensity-response amplitude curves. The square pulse
needs less current to generate the same amplitude response amplitude - regarding in
comparison to the other waves waveforms,. This and this effect is gradually decreasing for
the triangular, quadratic, and biphasic square pulse, respectively.
Conclusion.
The stimulation waveform has a direct influences effect on the stimulus-response slope and
consequence on the motor neurons excitability. This technique can be used as a new tool for
the prognostic diagnosis parameter for of neurodegenerative disorders.

Time taken to edit (in minutes): __


Source: Evaluation of Motor Neuron Excitability by CMAP Scanning with Electric Modulated
Current by T. Arajo, R. Candeias, N. Nunes, et al., used under CC-BY

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Plant and animal sciences


The argan forests (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) extend over 8700 square kilometers [1]. For
centuries, the argan tree forests has have shaped the socioeconomic life of the southwestern
Morocco, becoming a flagship species for the region and for the country [2]. This space has
been declared by UNESCOs Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme as a biosphere
reserve in 1998. The argan tree is the major tree species of Macaronesian formations, in a
climate characterized by very large occult very little precipitation [3]. The Aargan tree is a
thermophilic and xerophytic tree species, evolving that grows in warm, temperate and arid
bioclimate (along the coast and in the plains) and as well as in warm, temperate and semiarid
bioclimate (High Atlas and Anti-Atlas), with annual rainfall ranging from 400mm in the
north (Safi), 250mm in the Souss Valley, and 150mm in the Anti-Atlas to less than 100 mm
in the southern areas of the desert nature [4]. This tree, which can live up to 250 years [5],
provides multiple uses for the local population: its very hard wood and the shell of the fruit
are used for heating, the leaves and the pulp of its fruit and the oil cake are a valuable fodder
for the flock, its thorny branches are used as fence for agricultural plots, edible oil and
cosmetics are derived from its seed, and finally the rich soil of the forest area is a very
favorable area for intercropping.
During In the recent years, the argan tree forests faceds many constraints problems that
resulted in the weakening and degradation of the natural forest ecosystems. The argan forests
face-experienced, in the recent decades, the changes in climate and many anthropozoogenic
disturbances that resulted in a a reduction in the forest area and and its density. and This has
inexorably lead to the weakening and deterioration of the natural forest ecosystems. As a part
of the global forest resources assessment [6], the official figures provided by Morocco and
relating related to the degradation of the argan tree forests showed a decrease of 111km2 of
the total forest area, of the argan tree between 1990 and 2005, which corresponds to a
decrease of 7.4km2/year. On the other hand, the argan forests are in almost total lack of lack a
significant natural regeneration to overcome the climatic and anthropozoogenic
disturbances[7].

Time taken to edit (in minutes): __


Source: Effects of Tree Shelters on the Survival and Growth of Argania spinosa Seedlings in
Mediterranean Arid Environment by C. Defaa, S. Elantry, S. L. El Alami, et al., used under CC-BY

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