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An analogy means a similarity or a correspondence.

In questions based on analogy, you are given


a pair of words or letters that have a certain relationship. From the alternatives provided, you have
to select the choice that best matches the relationship existing between the first two words or
letters. The given pair of words or letters is set off by a colon or ratio sign ( : ) signifying how the
word A is related to the word B. The double colon ( : : ) that separate the given pair stands for in
the same way. For example:
King : Prince : :
(a) Uncle : Nephew
(b) Profuse : Availability
(c) President : Minister
(d) Stallion : Colt
Choice (d) is the answer. In the above example, the relationship is that of a father and a young
one.
Analogy question can be solved easily by using the following methods:
A. Initially establish the relationship between the given pair and then check the answer choices to
find a similar relationship. For example:
Angle : Radian : :
(a) Cattle : Herd
(b) Odometer : Speed
(c) Dearth : Scarcity
(d) Area : Hectares
Choice (d) is the answer. In the above example, Angle is measured in radians, so it is a quantity unit relationship. Similarly Area is measured in Hectares.
B. If the relationship is the same but positions are interchanged, then its like a trap, dont go for
it. For example.
Ostrich : Bird : :
(a) Mammal : Panther
(b) Bleat : Lambs
(c) Pomphret : Fish
(d) Lion : Cub
Here in Choice (a) as well as in the given question, there is a group-member relationship. Choice
(a) could have been the answer had the words been interchanged to Panther : Mammals.
Choice (c) is the answer.
Now, lets have a look at the various types of Analogical Relationships.
Type of Relationship
1. Age Relationship:
Man : Boy
Calf : Cow
Colt : Horse
Explanation: Different terms used for different ages of same type, say boy is the offspring of a
man.
2. Antonymous Relationship:
Save : Kill
Kind : Cruel
Abrupt : Gradual

Mourn : Rejoice
Explanation: Opposite in meaning
3. Association Relationship:
Ammeter : Current
Thermometer : Temperature
Explanation: Ammeter is related to current (measures it ) similar to a Thermometer measuring
temperature
4. Blood / Family Relationship:
Brother : Sister
Father : Mother
Uncle : Aunt
Nephew : Niece
Explanation: Here, we have a corresponding relation at the same level
5. Cause and Effect Relationship or Event Aftermath Relationship:
Taunt : Unpleasantness
Dirt : Disease
Explanation: The second word is a reaction that occurs due to the first
6. Characteristic Relationship
Intelligentsia : Elitist
Rabble : Plebeian
Explanation: Intelligentsia is characterized as elitist, while rabble is characterized as plebeian
7. Comparative Relationship
Graphite : Black
Emerald : Green
Explanation: Examples used while making comparisons of colors and properties
8. Classification Relationship
Clam: Mollusc
Crocodile : Reptile
Man : Mammal
Hammer : Tool
Car : Vehicle
Water : Liquid
Explanation: Biological / Botanical / Physical / Chemical Classification
9. Degree of Difference:
Tepid : Hot
Admiration : Obsession
Hot : Sizzling
Have same meaning but Relationship difference is of shade degree or intensity only.
10. Finished Product - Raw Material Relationship
Rubber : Latex
Oil : Seed
Linen : Flax
Fabric : Yarn
Explanation: First part is the raw material for the second one
11. Functional Relationship

General : Command
Axe : Wood
Explanation: First word describes the function of the other.
12. Habit Relationship
Tiger : Carnivorous
Buffalo : Herbivorous
Explanation: Food habit relationship
13. Location Relationship
Lotus Temple : Delhi
Jaipur : Rajasthan
Explanation: First part is located in the other.
14. Numerical Relationship
3 : 27
5 : 125
Explanation: 27 is cube of 3, similarly 125 is the cube of 5. There can also be other functions such
as multiplication, division, subtraction, addition, etc.
15. Purpose Relationship
Pencil : Write
Eraser : Rub
Explanation: The second term is the work of the first term
16. Qualitative Relationship:
Huge : Small
Translucent : Opaque
Kilometre : Metre
Litre : Centilitre
Explanation: Can be classified under other categories as well as properties
17. Sex Relationship
Boy : Girl
Nephew : Niece
Gentleman : Lady
Explanation: Corresponding relations
18. Specialist - Subject Area
Cardiologist : Heart
Ophthalmologist: Eye
Chef : Food
Explanation: The area of specialization

19. Study Relationship :


Botany : Plants
Cytology : Cells
Explanation: The area of the subject
20. Synonymous Relationship :
Solicit : Request
Fallacy : Illusion
Calm : Sedate
Mix : Blend
Explanation: Words similar in meaning or similar shade of meaning
21. Time Sequence :
Dawn : Dusk
Day : Night
Evening : Morning
Explanation: One comes after the other Relationship
22. Tool : Object :
Scissors : Cloth
Knife : Meat
Explanation: Instrument used on medium
23. Instrument and Utility:
Truck : Transport
Sofa : Sitting
Explanation: The Item and its purpose
24. Worker : Article
Cobbler : Shoe
Creator : Creation
Carpenter : Table
Explanation: The produce of the worker
25. Whole and part
Bicycle : Paddle
Boat : Sail
Body : Muscle
Explanation: One is a part of the other.
26. Worker : Tool
Cobbler : Awl
Blacksmith : Anvil

Barber : Scissors
Explanation: Worker and the tool he specializes in using
Examples of Important Relationships

Quantity and Unit:1. Beauty - Helena


2. Angle - Radians
3. Water depth - Fathom
4. Area - Acres, Hectares
5. Ship speed - Knots
6. Precious stones - Carat
7. Work - Joule
8. Earthquake - Richter
9. Power - Watt
10. Force - Newton
11. Volume - Litres
12. Luminosity - Candela
13. Interstellar distance - Light years
14. Radiation - Roentgen
15. Electric current - Ampere
16. Sound - Decibel
17. Mass - Kilogram, pound
18. Temperature - Degree
19. Potential - Volt
20. Magnetic field - Oersted
21. Frequency - Hertz
22. Electric resistance - Ohm
23. Energy - Joules
24. Length of light waves - Angstrom
25. Pressure - Pascal
26. Rainfall - Centimetres

Animal and Young ones:1. Ass - Foal


2. Bear/Lion/Tiger/Wolf - Cub
3. Butterfly - Caterpillar
4. Cat - Kitten
5. Cow/Bull/Ox - Calf
6. Duck - Duckling

7. Hen - Chicken
8. Horse/Stallion/Mare - Pony, filly, colt, foal
9. Frog - Tadpole
10. Goat - Lamb, kid
11. Insect - Larvae
12. Man - Child, baby
13. Pig - Farrow, piglets
14. Sheep - Lamb
15. Housefly - Grub, maggot
16. Dog - Puppy
Animals and their sounds / cries

1. Asses - Bray
2. Bears - Growl
3. Bees - Hum
4. Birds - Chirp
5. Camels - Grunt
6. Cats - Mew
7. Cattle - Low
8. Cocks - Crow
9. Crows - Caw
10. Dogs - Bark
11. Doves - Coo
12. Ducks - Quack
13. Elephants - Trumpet
14. Flies - Buzz
15. Frogs - Croak
16. Geese - Cackle
17. Hawks - Scream
18. Hyenas - Laugh
19. Horse - Neigh
20. Jackals - Howl
21. Lambs - Bleat
22. Lions - Roar
23. Mice - Squeak
24. Wolves - Yell
25. Monkey - Chatter
26. Nightingales - Sing
27. Owls - Hoot
28. Oxen - Low
29. Parrots - Talk
30. Pigeons - Coo

31. Pigs - Grunt


32. Puppies - Yelp
33. Sheep - Bleat
34. Sparrows - Chirp
35. Tigers - Roar
36. Vultures - Scream
D. Tools and their Action
1. Axe - Grind
2. Auger - Bore
3. Knife - Cut
4. Gun - Shoot
5. Pen/pencil - Write
6. Razor - Shave
7. Spoon - Feed
8. Spade - Dig
9. Shovel - Scoop
10. Shield - Guard
11. Swore - Slaughter
12. File - Cut, smoothen, shaping
E. Product and Raw Material
1. Book - Paper
2. Butter - Milk
3. Cloth - Fibre
4. Furniture - Wood
5. Fabric - Yarn
6. Jewellery - Gold
7. Linen - Flax
8. Metal - Ore
9. Oil - Seed
10. Shoes - Leather
11. Wine - Grapes
12. Wall - Brick
13. Pullover - Wool
14. Rubber - Latex
15. Sack - Jute
16. Ketchup - Tomatoes
17. Vodka - Rye, potatoes, vegetables
18. Beer - Malt
F. Worker and Working Place
1. Artist - Theatre
2. Actor - Stage

3. Beautician - Parlour
4. Clerk - Office
5. Doctor - Hospital/Clinic
6. Farmer - Field/Farm
7. Engineer - Site
8. Gambler - Casino/Joint
9. Grocer - Shop
10. Lawyer/Judge - Court
11. Mechanic - Garage/Factory
12. Painter - Gallery
13. Servant - House
14. Sailor - Ship
15. Scientist - Laboratory
16. Worker - Factory.
G. Word and Intensity/Degree
1. Anger - Rage
2. Crime - Sin
3. Error - Blunder
4. Famous - Renowned
5. Moist - Drench, Wet
6. Hot - Warm/Sizzle/Tepid
7. Kirdle - Burn, Smoulder
8. Sink - Drown
9. Unhappy - Sad, Doleful
10. Refuse - Deny
11. Quarrel - War, Fight, Altercation
12. Cold - Cool, Freezing
13. Adore Love
H. Male and Female
1. Boy - Girl
2. Father - Mother
3. Brother - Sister
4. Uncle - Aunt
5. Nephew - Niece
6. Son - Daughter
7. Dog - Bitch
8. Horse - Mare
9. Lion - Lioness
10. Tiger - Tigress
11. Duke - Duchess
12. Prince - Princess
13. King - Queen

14. Gentleman - Lady


15. He-goat - She-goat
16. Bachelor/Maid/Spinster/Girl
17. Buck - Doe
18. Bull/Ox - Cow
19. Drake - Duck
20. Drone - Bee
21. Earl - Countess
22. Gander - Goose
23. Hart/Stag - Roe, Hind
24. Monk/Friar - Nun
25. Ram - Ewe
26. Viscount - Viscountess
27. Abbot - Abbess
28. Czar - Czarina
29. Fox - Vixen
30. Jack-ass - Jenny-ass
31. Peacock - Peahen
I. Abode or Dwelling Place
1. Ants - Nest
2. Bee - Apiary
3. Cattle - Shed
4. Lion - Den
5. Poultry - Farm
6. Monk - Monastery
7. Fish - Aquarium
8. Birds - Aviary
9. Horse - Stable
10. Pig - Sty
11.

Dog - Kennel

J. Instrument and Measurement


1. Ammeter - Current
2. Anemometer - Wind
3. Barometer - Pressure
4. Balance - Mass
5. Hygrometer - Humidity
6. Odometer - Speed
7. Rain Gauge - Rain
8. Scale - Length
9. Screwgauge - Thickness
10.

Seismograph - Earthquake

11. Taseometer - Strain

12.

Thermometer - Temperature

13. Sphygmomanometer - Blood-pressure


14. Altimeter - Altitude
15.

Chronometer - Accurate time

16. Audiometer - Sound Intensity


K. Study and Topic Relationship
1. Apiculture - Honeybee
2. Anthropology - Man
3. Anatomy - Internal structure of living beings
4. Agro biology - Plant life and nutrition
5. Embryology - Embryos
6. Biology - Life
7. Botany - Plants
8. Bacteriology - Bacteria
9. Dermatology - Skin
10. Entomology - Insects
11. Gereatrics - Old-age diseases
12. Herpetology - Reptiles
13. Ichthyology - Fish
14. Limnology - Snails
15. Mycology - Fungi
16. Ornithology - Birds
17. Odontology- Teeth
18. Pathology - Disease
19. Taxonomy - Classification
20. Zoology Animals

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