1.

METHOD 1
z = (2 i)(z + 2)
= 2z + 4 iz 2i
z(1 i) = 4 + 2i
4 2i
z = 1 i
4 2i 1 i

1 i
z = 1 i
=3i

M1

A1
M1
A1

METHOD 2
let z = a + ib
a ib
a ib 2 = 2 i
a + ib = (2 i)((a + 2) + ib)
a + ib = 2(a + 2) + 2bi i(a + 2) + b
a + ib = 2a + b + 4 + (2b a 2)i
attempt to equate real and imaginary parts
a = 2a + b + 4( a + b + 4 = 0)
and b = 2b a 2( a + b 2 = 0)

M1

M1
A1

Note: Award A1 for two correct equations.

b = 1;a = 3
z=3i

A1
[4]

2.

(a)

(cos + i sin ) = cos + 3cos (i sin ) + 3 cos (isin ) + (isin ) (M1)

3
2
2
3
= cos 3 cos sin + i(3 cos sin sin ) A1

(b)

from De Moivres theorem

3
(cos + i sin ) = cos 3 + i sin 3
(M1)
3
2
2
3
cos 3 + i sin 3 = (cos 3 cos sin ) + i(3 cos sin sin )
equating real parts
3
2
cos 3 = cos 3 cos sin
M1
3
2
= cos 3 cos (1 cos )
A1
3
3
= cos 3 cos + 3 cos
3
= 4 cos 3 cos
AG

Note: Do not award marks if part (a) is not used.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(c)

(cos + i sin ) =
5
4
3
2
2
3
cos + 5 cos (i sin ) + 10 cos (i sin ) + 10 cos (i sin )
4
5
+ 5cos (i sin ) + (i sin )
(A1)
from De Moivres theorem
5
3
2
4
cos 5 = cos 10 cos sin + 5 cos sin
M1
5
3
2
2
2
= cos 10 cos (1 cos ) + 5cos (1 cos )
A1
5
3
5
3
5
= cos 10 cos + 10 cos + 5 cos 10 cos + 5 cos
cos 5 = 16 cos5 20 cos3 + 5 cos
AG

Note: If compound angles used in (b) and (c), then marks can be
allocated in (c) only.
(d)

cos 5 + cos 3 + cos

5
3
3
= (16 cos 20 cos + 5 cos ) + (4 cos 3 cos ) + cos = 0
5
3
16 cos 16 cos + 3 cos = 0
4
2
cos (16 cos 16 cos + 3) = 0
2
2
cos (4 cos 3)(4 cos 1) = 0
3
1
cos 0;
;
2
2

; ;
6
3
2

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

M1
A1
A1
A1
A2

(e)

cos 5 = 0
3 5 7
;
; ; ; ...
5 = ... 2 2 2 2

(M1)

3 5 7
;
; ; ; ...
10
10
10 10

= ...

(M1)

Note: These marks can be awarded for verifications later in the question.
5

M1

; cos = 0

A1

now consider 16 cos 20 cos + 5 cos = 0

4
cos (16 cos 20 cos2 + 5) = 0
20 400 4(16)(5)
2

32

cos =

cos =

20 400 4(16)(5)
32

20 400 4(16)(5)

10
32
since max value of cosine angle
closest to zero
R1
cos

4.5 4 25 4(5)

cos

10

cos

7
5 5

10
8

4.8

5 5
8

A1
A1A1
[22]

3.

(a)

AB =
=

12 ( 2 3 ) 2

M1

88 4 3

A1

= 2 2 3

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

A1

(b)

METHOD 1

arg z 1

, arg z 2
4
3

A1A1

and
3.
Note: Allow 4
Note: Allow degrees at this stage.

3 4

(accept )
12
= 12

B
AO

A1

Note: Allow FT for final A1.

METHOD 2
attempt to use scalar product or cosine rule

M1

B 1 3
cos AO
2 2

A1

12

A1

B
AO

[6]

4.

(a)

using the factor theorem z + 1 is a factor

3
2
z + 1 = (z + 1)(z z + 1)

(b)

(i)

(M1)
A1

METHOD 1
3
3
2
z = 1 z + 1 = (z + 1)(z z + 1) = 0
2
solving z z + 1 = 0
1 1 4 1 i 3

2
2
z=
therefore one cube root of 1 is

(M1)
M1
A1
AG

METHOD 2
2

1 i 3

1 i 3

2
2
2
=
1 i 3 1 i 3 1 3

3
2
2
4
=
= 1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

M1A1
A1
AG

METHOD 3

i
1 i 3
e 3
2
=
3
i
=e 1

(ii)

A1
A1

METHOD 1
2

as is a root of z z + 1 = 0 then + 1 = 0
2 = 1

M1R1
AG

Note: Award M1 for the use of z z + 1 = 0 in any way.

Award R1 for a correct reasoned approach.
METHOD 2
1 i 3
2
=
1 i 3
1 i 3
1
2
2
1=
2

(iii)

M1
A1

METHOD 1
6

2 6

(1 ) = ( )
12
= ()
3 4
= ( )
4
= (1)
=1

(M1)
A1
(M1)
A1

METHOD 2
(1 )

6
2

= 1 6 + 15 20 + 15 6 +

M1A1

Note: Award M1 for attempt at binomial expansion.

2

use of any previous result e.g. = 1 6 + 15 + 20 15 + 6 + 1M1

=1
A1
Note: As the question uses the word hence, other methods that
do not use previous results are awarded no marks.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(c)

METHOD 1

A =

1
1

2
1

1
0

0

1
2

1
2

1 1

1 1

0
1

A A+I=
from part (b)
2
+1=0
1
1
1 ( 2 1)

=0
1

1
1
1 2 ( 2 1)

=0
2
hence A A + I = 0
2

A1

M1

A1

A1
AG

METHOD 2

1 i 3

1 i 3

2
A =

A1A1A1

Note: Award 1 mark for each of the non-zero elements expressed in this form.
2

verifying A A + I = 0

(d)

(i)

A =AI
A3 = A2 A
=AIA
= I

M1A1
A1
AG

Note: Allow other valid methods.

(ii)

I=AA
1
1
1 2
A =A AA A
A1 = I A

M1A1
AG

Note: Allow other valid methods.

[20]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

5.

METHOD 1
since b > 0
arg(b + i) = 30
1
b = tan 30
b=

(M1)
A1
M1A1

A2

N2

METHOD 2
2
2
arg(b + i) = 60 arg(b 1 + 2bi) = 60
2b

(b 2 1) = tan 60 =
3b 2 2b 3 = 0

( 3b 1)(b 3 ) = 0
since b > 0
b= 3

M1
M1A1
A1
(M1)
A1

N2
[6]

6.

(a)

2 4 16
1 i 3
2
z=
i
1 + i 3 re r = 2

M1

3 2

3
= arctan 1
i
1 i 3 = re r = 2

A1

3
2

3
= arctan 1

2
i
2e 3

2
i
2e 3

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

A1

A1
A1
A1

(b)

A1A1

(c)

cos n + i sin n = (cos + i sin )

Let n = 1
Left hand side = cos 1 + i sin 1 = cos + i sin
1
Right hand side = (cos + i sin ) = cos + i sin
Hence true for n = 1
M1A1
Assume true for n = k
M1
k
cos k + i sin k = (cos + i sin )
cos(k + 1) + i sin(k + 1) = (cos + i sin )k(cos + i sin ) M1A1
= (cos k + i sin k)(cos + i sin )
= cos k cos sin k sin + i(cos k sin + sin k cos)
A1
= cos(k + 1) + i sin(k + 1)
A1
Hence if true for n = k, true for n = k + 1
However if it is true for n = 1
true for n = 2 etc.
R1
hence proved by induction
4

(d)

i
3
8e i2

2e 3
2
4
i

4e 3
4
4
2 cos
2i sin
3
3
=

(e)

2
i 3
2
1 i 3
2
2
i2

a = 8e
i2
3
= 8e
2
2
3
3
Since e and e are the same =

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

A1
(M1)
A1A1

A1
A1
R1

(f)

EITHER
= 1 + i 3
* = 1 i 3

= 1 i 3
* = 1 + i 3

* = (1 + i 3 ) (1 + i 3 ) = 1 2 i 3 3 = 2 2 i 3
* = (1 i 3 )(1 i 3 ) = 1 + 2 i 3 3 = 2 + 2 i 3
* + * = 4

A1
M1A1
A1
A1

OR
Since * = and * =
* = 2e
* =

2
3

2e

2
i
2e 3

2
3

4e

2
i
2e 3

4
3

4
i
4e 3

* + * =
4
4
4
4

4 cos
i sin
cos
i sin
3
3
3
3
=
4
1
8 cos
8 4
3
2
=
4
i
e 3

(g)

i2

A1

4
i
e 3

A1
A1

n
3
= 2 e
This is real when n is a multiple of 3
+
i.e. n = 3N where N

M1A1

M1A1
R1
[31]

7.

(a)

(b)

1 2i
e
2
i
z= e
1 i
e
z= 2

1
z 2
z< 1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(M1)
A1

N2

A2
AG

(c)

a
Using S = 1 r

(M1)

e
1
1 e i
2
S =

(d)

(i)

e i
cis

1 i
1
1 e
1 cis
2
2
S =
cos i sin
1
1 (cos i sin )
2
1 2i 1 3i
e e ...
i
4
Also S = e + 2

S =

A1

N2

(M1)

(A1)

1
1
cis2 cis3 ...
4
= cis + 2
(M1)
1
1
1
1

cos cos 2 cos 3 ... i sin sin 2 sin 3 ...

2
4
2
4

A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

10

(ii)

Taking real parts,

cos i sin

1 (cos i sin )
2

1
1
cos cos 2 cos 3 ... Re

2
4

Re
=

1
1
1 cos i sin
(cos i sin )
2
2

1
1
1
1

1 cos i sin 1 cos i sin

2
2
2
2

1
1
cos cos 2 sin 2
2
2
2
1
1

2
1 cos sin
2
4

=
1

cos
2

1
1 cos (sin 2 cos 2 )
4
=
(2 cos 1) 2
4(2 cos 1)

= (4 4 cos 1) 4 2(5 4 cos )

4 cos 2
= 5 4 cos

A1

M1

A1

A1
A1
A1AG

N0
[25]

8.

1
3
iz1
2
iz1 + 2z2 = 3 z2 = 2
z1 + (1 i)z2 = 4
3
1
iz 1
2 = 4
z + (1 i) 2
1

1
3 1
3
iz 1 i 2 z 1 i
z1 2
2 2
2 =4
1
1
5 3
z iz i
2 1 2 1 2 2
z1 iz1 = 5 + 3i

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

M1A1

A1

11

EITHER
Let z1 = x + iy
x + iy ix i2y = 5 + 3i
Equate real and imaginary parts
x+y=5
x + y = 3
2y = 8
y = 4 x = 1 i.e. z1 = 1 + 4i

1
3
i(1 4i)
2
z2 = 2
1
3
i 2i 2
2
z2 = 2
7 1
i
z2 = 2 2

(M1)
M1

A1A1
M1

A1

OR

5 3i
z1 = 1 i
(5 3i)(1 i) 5 8i 3

z = (1 i)(1 i)
1

z1 = 1 + 4i
1
3
z2 = 2 i(1 + 4i) + 2

1
3
i 2i 2
2
z2 = 2
7 1
i
z2 = 2 2

M1
M1A1
A1
M1

A1
[9]

9.

METHOD 1
20 + 10bi = (1 bi)(7 + 9i)
20 + 10bi = (7 + 9b) + (9 + 7b)i
Equate real and imaginary parts

(M1)
A1A1
(M1)

EITHER
7 + 9b = 20
b=3

(M1)A1

OR
10b = 9 + 7b
3b = 9
b=3

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(M1)A1

12

METHOD 2

( 2 bi)(1 bi) 7 9i

10
= (1 bi)(1 bi)
2 b 2 3bi 7 9i

10
1 b 2
Equate real and imaginary parts
2 b2
7

2
10 Equation A
1 b
3b
1 b

(M1)
A1
(M1)

9
10 Equation B

From equation A
2
2
20 10b = 7 7b
2
3b = 27
b = 3

A1

From equation B
2
30b = 9 + 9b
2
3b 10b + 3 = 0
By factorisation or using the quadratic formula
1
b = 3 or 3
Since 3 is the common solution to both equations b = 3

A1
R1
[6]

10.

(a)

sin (2n + 1)x cosx cos (2n + 1)x sinx = sin (2n + 1)x x
= sin 2nx

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

M1A1
AG

13

(b)

if n = 1
LHS = cos x
sin 2 x 2 sin x cos x

2 sin x
RHS = 2 sin x
= cos x
so LHS = RHS and the statement is true for n = 1
assume true for n = k

M1

M1
R1
M1

Note: Only award M1 if the word true appears.

Do not award M1 for let n = k only.
Subsequent marks are independent of this M1.

sin 2kx
so cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x + ... + cos(2k 1)x = 2 sin x
if n = k + 1 then
cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x + ... + cos(2k 1)x + cos(2k + 1)x
sin 2kx
= 2 sin x cos (2k + 1)x
sin 2kx 2 cos( 2k 1) x sin x
2 sin x
=
sin(2k 1) x cos x cos(2k 1) x sin x 2 cos(2k 1) x sin x
2 sin x
=
sin( 2k 1) x cos x cos(2k 1) x sin x
2 sin x
=
sin(2k 2) x
2 sin x
=
sin 2(k 1) x
2 sin x
=
so if true for n = k, then also true for n = k + 1
+
as true for n = 1 then true for all n

M1
A1
M1
M1
A1
M1
A1
R1

Note: Final R1 is independent of previous work.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

14

sin 4 x 1

2 sin x 2
sin 4x = sin x
4x = x x = 0 but this is impossible

x
5
4x = x
2
x
3
4x = 2 + x
3
x
5
4x = 3 x
for not including any answers outside the domain

(c)

M1A1

A1
A1
A1
R1
3

Note: Award the first M1A1 for correctly obtaining 8 cos x 4 cos x 1 = 0
or equivalent and subsequent marks as appropriate including the
1 1 5
,

4
.
answers arccos
[20]

11.

8i = 8e

2 n
2

(M1)

For n = 0
1
(8i) 3

2e

(M1)

2 cos 2i sin
6
6
=
= 3 +i

A1
A1

For n = 1
1
(8i) 3

2 cos

5
5
2i sin
6
6

= 3 +i

M1
A1

For n = 2
1

(8i) 3 2 cos

3
3
2i sin
2
2

= 2i

M1
A1
[8]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

15

12.

5zz* + 10 = (6 18i)z*
Let z = a + ib
5 10 + 10 = (6 18i)(a bi) (= 6a 6bi 18ai 18b)
Equate real and imaginary parts
6a 18b = 60 and 6b + 18a = 0
a = 1 and b = 3
z = 1 3i

M1
M1A1
(M1)
A1A1
A1
[7]

13.

2 + i is a root 2 i is a root

R1

[x (2 + i)] [x (2 i)] are factors

2
= x (2 i) x (2 + i) x + (2 + i)(2 i)
2
= x 2 x + ix 2 x ix + (4 + 1)
2
= x 4x + 5
Hence x 2 is a factor 2 is a root

M1
(A1)
A1
R1
[5]

14.

a + 2iab b = 3 + 4i
Equate real and imaginary parts
2
2
a b = 3, 2ab = 4
2
Since b = a
4
a2 2 3
a
a4 3a2 4 = 0
Using factorisation or the quadratic formula
a = 2
b = 1
3 4i = 2 + i, 2 i

(M1)
A1

(M1)
A1
(M1)

A1A1
[7]

15.

(a)

(x 1)(x + x + x + x + 1)
5
4
3
2
4
3
2
=x +x +x +x +xx x x x1
5
=x 1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(M1)
A1

16

(b)

(c)

b is a root
f(b) = 0
5
b =1
5
b 1=0
4
3
2
(b 1)(b + b + b + b + 1) = 0
b1
2
3
4
1 + b + b + b + b = 0 as shown.
4

(i)

u + v = b + b + b + b = 1
4
2
3
3
4
6
7
uv = (b + b )(b + b ) = b + b + b + b
5
Now b = 1
3
4
2
Hence uv = b + b + b + b = 1
Hence u + v = uv = 1

(ii)

(u v) = (u + v ) 2uv
2
2
= ((u + v) 2uv) 2uv (= (u + v) 4uv)
Given u v > 0

uv=
=

M1
A1
R1
AG

A1
A1
(A1)
A1
AG

(M1)
(M1)A1

(u v) 2 4uv

(1) 2 4( 1)

= 1 4
= 5

A1
AG

Note: Award A0 unless an indicator is given that u v = 5 is invalid.

[13]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

17

16.

(a)

4
z = (1 i)
Let 1 i = r(cos + i sin )
r 2

= 4

A1
A1

2 cos isin
4
4

z=

1
4

M1

2 cos 2n i sin 2n
4

=
1

n
n

2 8 cos i sin
16 2
16 2

=
1
28

cos i sin
16
16

1
4

M1

Note: Award M1 above for this line if the candidate has forgotten to
add 2 and no other solution given.
1

7
7
2 8 cos
i sin

16
16

=
1
28

15
15
i sin

16
16

cos

9
9
2 8 cos i sin
16
16

A2

Note: Award A1 for 2 correct answers. Accept any equivalent form.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

18

(b)

A2
Note: Award A1 for roots being shown equidistant from the origin
and one in each quadrant.
A1 for correct angular positions. It is not necessary to
see written evidence of angle, but must agree with the diagram.

z2

z1

1
28

15
15
cos
i sin

16
16

1
28

(c)

cos

7
7
cos i sin

16
16

i sin
2
2

=
=i
( a = 0, b = 1)

M1A1
(A1)
A1

N2
[12]

17.

(a)

EITHER
5

2
2

w 5 cos
i sin

5
5

(M1)

= cos 2p + i sin 2p

A1

=1

A1
5

Hence w is a root of z - 1 = 0

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

AG

19

OR
5

Solving z = 1

(b)

(M1)

2
2
n i sin
n , n 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4.
5
z = cos 5

A1

2
2
i sin
5 which is w
n = 1 gives cos 5

A1

(w - 1)(1 + w + w + w + w ) = w + w + w + w + w - 1
2
3
4
-w-w -w -w

M1

=w -1

A1

5
4
3
2
Since w - 1 = 0 and w 1, w + w + w + w + 1 = 0.

(c)

R1

1+w+w +w +w =
1 cos

cos

2
2
2
2
i sin
cos
i sin

5
5
5
5

2
2
i sin

5
5

2
2

cos
i sin

5
5

(M1)

2
2
4
4
i sin
cos
i sin

5
5
5
5
6
6
8
8
cos i sin
cos i sin
5
5
5
5

M1

2
2
4
4
i sin
cos
i sin

5
5
5
5
4
4
2
2
cos
i sin
cos
i sin
5
5
5
5

M1A1A1

1 cos

1 cos

Notes: Award M1 for attempting to replace 6p and 8p by 4p and 2p

Award A1 for correct cosine terms and A1 for correct sine terms.

1 2 cos

4
2
2 cos
0
5
5

A1

Note: Correct methods involving equating real parts, use of

conjugates or reciprocals are also accepted.

cos

2
4
1
cos

5
5
2

AG

Note: Use of cis notation is acceptable throughout this question.

[12]

18.

(a)

r=

1
3

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(A1)
20

(b)

27
1
1
3

M1

81
20.25
4

A1

Attempting to show that the result is true for n = 1

M1

a 1 r
a
1

r
LHS = a and RHS =

A1

N1

Hence the result is true for n = 1

Assume it is true for n = k
a ar ar 2 ... ar k 1

a 1 r k
1 r

Consider n = k + 1:
a ar ar 2 ... ar k 1 ar k

M1

a 1 r k
ar k
1 r

M1

a 1 r k ar k 1 r
1 r

a ar k ar k ar k 1
1 r
=

A1

Note: Award A1 for an equivalent correct intermediate step.

a ar k 1
1 r

a 1 r k 1
1 r
=

A1

Note: Illogical attempted proofs that use the result to be proved

would gain M1A0A0 for the last three above marks.
The result is true for n = k it is true for n = k + 1 and as it is
true for n =1, the result is proved by mathematical induction.

R1

N0

Note: To obtain the final R1 mark a reasonable attempt must

have been made to prove the k + 1 step.
[10]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

21

19.

METHOD 1

r 2,

1 i 3

(A1)(A1)

2 3 cos i sin
3
3

1
cos i sin
8

1
8

M1
(M1)
A1

METHOD 2
(1 - i 3 )(1 - i 3 ) = 1 - 2i 3 - 3 (= -2 - 2i 3 )
(- 2 - 2i 3 )(1 - i 3 ) = -8

1 i 3

1
8

(M1)A1
(M1)(A1)

A1

METHOD 3
Attempt at Binomial expansion
3
2
3
(1 - i 3 ) = 1 + 3(-i 3 ) + 3 (-i 3 ) + (-i 3 )

= 1 - 3i 3 - 9 + 3i 3
= -8

1 i 3

1
8

M1
(A1)
(A1)
A1

M1
[5]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

22

20.

EITHER
changing to modulus-argument form
r=2

3
3
= arctan

n
n

1 3 2 n cos
isin

3
3

n
0
if sin 3
n = {0, 3, 6,...}

(M1)A1

M1
(M1)A1

N2

OR
= arctan

(M1)(A1)

M1

k, k
3
n
n 3k , k

M1
A1

N2
[5]

21.

(a)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

x iy
y
1
1
x

2
i 2
2
z x iy x iy x y
x y2

y
1
x
y

x 2

i
z
x y 2
x 2 y 2
z+
=k
y
0
2
2
2
2
x

y
for k to be real, y
y(x + y 1) = 0
2
2
2
2
hence, y = 0 or x + y 1 = 0 x + y = 1

1
when x + y = 1, z + z = 2x
x 1
k 2
2

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

(M1)A1

(A1)
M1A1
AG

(M1)A1
R1
AG

23

(b)

(i)

w = cos(n) + i sin(n) = cos n i sin n

M1A1
wn + wn = (cos n + i sin n) + (cos n i sin n) = 2 cos nM1AG

(ii)

(rearranging)
2
2
1
3(w + w ) (w + w ) + 2 = 0
3(2 cos 2) 2 cos + 2 = 0
2(3 cos 2 cos + 1) = 0
3(2 cos2 1) cos + 1 = 0
6 cos2 cos 2 = 0
(3 cos 2)(2 cos + 1) = 0
2
1
cos , cos
3
2
cos

(M1)
A1
M1
A1
M1
A1A1

2
5
sin
3
3

cos

A1

1
3
sin
2
2

A1

2 i 5
1 i 3
w
,
3
3
2
2

A1A1

Note: Allow FT from incorrect cos and/or sin .

[22]

22.

(a)

any appropriate form, e.g. (cos + i sin ) = cos (n) + i sin (n)

(b)

z = cos n + i sin n
1

A1

A1

z n = cos(n) + i sin(n)
= cos n i sin (n)
1

(M1)
A1

n
n
therefore z z = 2i sin (n)

(c)

1
z
z

5 1 5 1
z z 4 z 3
1 z 2 z
5

AG
2

5 1
z 2
3 z

5 1
z
4 z

1

z

(M1)(A1)
10 5
1
3 5
5
3
z
= z 5z + 10z z z

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

A1

24

(d)

1
z
z

z5

1
1

5 z 3 3 10 z
z
z
z

(2i sin ) = 2i sin 5 10i sin 3 + 20i sin

5
16 sin = sin 5 5 sin 3 + 10 sin

(e)

M1A1
M1A1
AG

16 sin = sin 5 5 sin 3 + 10 sin

5

16 sin
4
LHS =
5

16
2

2 2
2

=
5
3

sin
5 sin
10 sin
4
4

4
RHS =

2
10 2
5
2
2
2

A1

M1A1

Note: Award M1 for attempted substitution.

(f)

2 2
2

A1

hence this is true for = 4

AG

2
0

1
sin d
16
5

2
0

(sin 5 5 sin 3 10 sin )d

1 cos 5 5 cos 3

10 cos

5
3

= 16
1
1 5

0 10
5 3

= 16

8
15
=

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

M1

2
0

A1
A1
A1

25

(g)

2
0

cos 5 d

8
15 , with appropriate reference to symmetry and graphs.A1R1R1

Note: Award first R1 for partially correct reasoning e.g. sketches

of graphs of sin and cos.
5
5
Award second R1 for fully correct reasoning involving sin and cos .
[22]

23.

(a)

1 i 3

(b)

EITHER

A1

2
(z (1 + i 3 ))(z (1 i 3 )) = z 2z + 4
2
p(z) = (z 2)(z 2z + 4)
3
2
= z 4z + 8z 8
therefore b = 4, c = 8, d = 8

(M1)A1
(M1)
A1

OR
relating coefficients of cubic equations to roots
b = 2 + 1 + i 3 + 1 i 3 = 4
c = 2 (1 + i 3 ) + 2 (1 i 3 ) + (1 + i 3 ) (1 i 3 ) = 8
d = 2(1 + i 3 )(1 i 3 ) = 8
b = 4, c = 8, d = 8
i

(c)

3
z2 = 2e , z 3 2e

i
3

M1

A1A1A1

A1A1A1

Note: Award A1 for modulus,

A1 for each argument.
[8]

24.

(a)

(b)

z = z, arg(z) = 0
so L(z) = ln z

A1A1
AG

N0

(i)

A1A1

N2

A1A1

N2

(ii)

L(1) = ln 1 + i = i

L(1 i) =

ln 2 i

7
4

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

26

(iii)
(c)

L(1 + i) =

ln 2 i

3
4

A1

N1

for comparing the product of two of the above results with the third M1
for stating the result 1 + i = 1 (1 i) and L (1 + i) L (1) + L (1 i)R1
hence, the property L(z1z2) = L(z1) + L(z2)
does not hold for all values of z1 and z2
AG N0
[9]

25.

(a)

z = 5 and w=
w = 2z

4 a2

4 a2 2 5
attempt to solve equation

M1

Note: Award M0 if modulus is not used.

a = 4
(b)

zw = (2 2a) + (4 + a)i
forming equation 2 2a = 2 (4 + a)
3

a= 2

A1A1

N0

A1
M1
A1

N0
[6]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

27

26.

(a)

METHOD 1

z i
z2 = i
z + i = iz + 2i
(1 i)z = i
i
z = 1 i

M1
A1
A1

EITHER

z=

cis
2
3
2cis

M1

2 3
cis

2
4

z=

3
or
cis

2 4

A1A1

OR

1 i
1 1
i
2 2
z= 2
2 3
1
3
cis
cis
or

2
4
2 4
z=

M1

A1A1

METHOD 2

x i( y 1)
i = x 2 iy
x + i(y + 1) = y + i(x + 2)
x = y; x + 2 = y + 1
1
1
;y
2
solving, x = 2
1 1
i
z= 2 2
2 3
cis

2
4
z=

or

1
2

M1
A1
A1
A1

cis

A1A1

Note: Award A1 fort the correct modulus and A1 for the correct argument,
but the final answer must be in the form r cis .
Accept 135 for the argument.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

28

(b)

x ( y 1)i
substituting z = x + iy to obtain w = ( x 2) yi
use of (x + 2) yi to rationalize the denominator
x( x 2) y ( y 1) i( xy ( y 1)( x 2))
( x 2) 2 y 2
=
( x 2 2 x y 2 y ) i( x 2 y 2)

( x 2) 2 y 2

(A1)
M1
A1
AG

x 2 2x y 2 y
(c)

2
2
Re = ( x 2) y
=1
x2 + 2x + y2 + y = x2 + 4x + 4 + y2
y = 2x + 4
which has gradient m = 2

(d)

M1
A1
A1
A1

EITHER

arg (z) = 4 x = y (and x, y > 0)

i(3 x 2)
2 x 2 3x

2
2
( x 2) 2 x 2
= ( x 2) x
3x 2
tan 2
2 x 3x
if arg() =
3x 2
1
2 x 2 3x

(A1)

(M1)
M1A1

OR

arg (z) = 4
x = y (and x, y > 0)

2
2
arg (w) = 4
x + 2x + y + y = x + 2y + 2
solve simultaneously
2
2
x + 2x + x + x = x + 2x + 2 (or equivalent)

A1
M1
M1
A1

THEN
2

x =1
x = 1 (as x > 0)

A1

Note: Award A0 for x = 1.

z =

A1

Note: A1low FT from incorrect values of x.

[19]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

29

27.

(a)

(i)

(ii)

(b)

(i)

2
2
cos
isin

3
3
3

=
2
2

cos 3 isin 3
3
3

=
= cos 2 + i sin 2
=1

2
2
4
4
i sin
cos
i sin

3
3
3
3

cos

1++ =1+
1
3 1
3
i
i
2 2
2
=1+ 2
=0

e
i

i
3

2
i

(M1)
A1
AG

M1A1
A1
AG

i
3

e e
= e e e
2
4

i
i

i
3
3
e
1

=
i
2
= e (1 + + )
=0

(M1)

A1
AG

(ii)

A1A1
Note: Award A1 for one point on the imaginary axis and another
point marked with approximately correct modulus and argument.
Award A1 for third point marked to form an equilateral triangle
centred on the origin.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

30

(c)

(i)

attempt at the expansion of at least two linear factors

2
2
3
(z 1)z z( + ) + or equivalent
use of earlier result
2
3
F(z) = (z 1)(z + z + 1) = z 1

(ii)

equation to solve is z = 8
2
z = 2, 2, 2

(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
A1

(M1)
A2

Note: Award A1 for 2 correct solutions.

[16]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition

31