Purpose
To introduce the student to some non-destructive testing methods and to investigate
the availability and occurrences of defect within the give specimen.
Introduction
The objective of all testing is to insure that materials and components perform in the
way expected , if the test does not destroy the specimen this test is called non-destructive
test ( NDT ) . Non-destructive testing is used for in-service inspection and for condition
monitoring of operating plant. It is also used for measurements of components and
spacing and for the measurement of physical properties such as hardness and internal
stress.
Non-destructive testing, as the name implies, in no way impairs for further use the
specimen that is tests. Usually these tests do not directly measure mechanical properties,
such as tensile strength or hardness, but are intended to locate defects or flaws. When
machines or parts have large safety factors built into them, there is little need for non-
destructive testing. However, many products used in aircraft, space technology, and other
industries require a high reliability. This is achieved by inspection at the time of
manufacturing and in some cases continued testing during the service life of the part. The
limitation of destructive test:
1) A certain amount of the material has to be allocated for the testing and it
may be subsequently usable as scrap.
2) Special test-pieces and specimen may have to be prepared.
3) Component may be damaged and have to be scrapped.
4) Test specimen must be carefully prepared according to standard methods to
ensure reliable and meaningful results.
2
particles, dust over the magnetized area, are attracted by the
leakage or external fields. Their buildups form a flaw indication.
Material
1) Steel tube.
2) Black magnetic ink.
3) Iron magnetic powder.
Procedure
1)Clean inspected area of specimen with steel brush and wipe off with cloth.
2)Place yoke on test piece perpendicular to direction of suspected cracks.
3)Energize yoke magnetic field will form in test piece.
4)Apply magnetic ink or powder while yoke is still energized.
5)Indications will form immediately.
Material
Aluminum and steel specimen.
3
Discussion & Conclusion
1) Some tests we done on the material can effect on it and may destroy
ht e component of the material but NDT don’t effect on the material and it
make the specimen useful to use it after doing the test .
2) Non-destructive testing is used in many applications to insure that the
material is perform in the way that we want Eddy current, magnetic
particles and radiological are some of (NDT) types.
References
1) Manual of the Lab.
2) The instructor data.
3) The lab experiment observations.