FRAMEWORKS (A/L Combined Mathematics)

1.

The adjoining figure represents a framework of

six light rods smoothly jointed at the ends. It is

smoothly hinged to a vertical wall at A and B, and
carries a load 150N at D. Draw a stress diagram
using BOWs notation and hence, determine the
stresses in the rods, indicating whether they are
tensions or thrusts.
( A.L. 2013)

6
(b) Five light rods AB, BC, CD, DA and AC are smoothly jointed at their ends to form a framework as
shown in the figure.
A

^C
B

= A

^
DC

= D

^
A C = 30 and B ^
AC

60 . The

framework is smoothly hinged at D and carries a weight of 10

new tons at B. The framework is held in a vertical plane, with AB

horizontal by a horizontal force of P newtons at A.
(i) Find the value of P.
(ii) Find the magnitude and the direction of the reaction of the reaction
at D.
(iii) Using Bows notation, draw a stress diagram for the framework
and find the stresses in all the rods, distinguishing between tensions
thrusts.
7.

(AL-2011-Aug)

(b) Seven light rods AB, BC, CD, DE, EA, EB, of equal length
are smoothly jointed at their ends to form a framework as
shown in the figure. The framework is smoothly hinged at C
and carries a weight of 10

newtons at A. The framework

is held in a vertical plane, with AC horizontal by a horizontal

force P at E.
(i) Evaluate the magnitude of the force P at E.
(ii) Find the magnitude and the direction of the at C.
(iii) Using Bows notation, draw a stress diagram for the
framework and find the stresses in all the rods, distinguishing
between

tensions

and

thrusts.

(AL-2010-Aug)
8.
(b) In the framework of light rods shown in the figure,
horizontal and vertical rods are equal is length and all angle
are

90 or 45 . It is in a vertical plane, smoothly pivoted

at A and Supported at B by a force P perpendicular to AB and

is loaded with weights W newtons at C, D, E Find the value of
P in terms of W. Given further that the stress in the rod CD is
zero, draw a stress diagram, using Bows notation in order to
find the stress in the rods BD, BC, and DE. Find these

W.M.J.P.Wanigas
ekera (B.Sc./PG Dip/M.Sc.)

stresses and state whether these stresses are stresses or

thrusts.
9

(AL-2009-Aug)

(b) The figure below represents a framework of freely jointed

light rods with a W at B, and it is Supported vertically at A
and C at the same level. The angle A

^C
B

^
and is trisected BE. The angles B A D
each

is a right angle

and B

^E
C

are

30 and BA= BC. Draw a stress diagram, using Bows

notation. Hence find the stress in each of the rods AD, AB,
DE and DB station whether it is a tension or a thrust.
(AL-2008-Aug)
10
(b) A framework is made up of seven light rods of equal length freely jointed , as shown in the figure
below A and B rest on smooth Supports and there are loads of W-w at D and at C. show that the
reaction

On the framework at A is P =

3W
4 -

w
2 .

Given that W >2w draw a suitable stress diagram using Bows notation and find the stress in the rods
AE, DE and DC.
Indicate whether they are tensions thrusts.
Show that the stress in DC is independent of w.

(AL- 2007-Aug)

W.M.J.P.Wanigasekera (B.Sc./PG
Dip/M.Sc.)
2. The figure shows a framework which consists of four smoothly
jointed light rods carrying a weight W at the point C. AB, BC and AC
are of equal length. The framework is smoothly hinged at a fixed point
D with B resting against a smoothly support such that the rods AD and
BC are horizontal while B lies vertical below D. The framework is kept
in equilibrium in a vertical plane. Using Bows notation, find graphically,
the forces acting on the rods AC ,BC and AB.
3. (a) The figure represents a framework consisting of five smoothly
jointed light rods. The framework is smoothly hinged at a fixed point A
and carries a load W at C. The framework is kept in equilibrium in a
vertical plane with AC horizontal and AB vertical by a force P applied at
B in a direction parallel to AC. Find the magnitude of P and the
horizontal and vertical components of the reaction at A.
Draw a stress diagram for the framework, using Bows Notation.
Hence, determine the stresses in the rods in terms of W, distinguishing
between tensions and thrusts.
4. The figure below shows a framework consisting of seven smoothly
jointed light uniform rods of equal length. The framework is smoothly
hinged at A and two weight of 100N each are placed at B and C. It is
kept in equilibrium in a vertical plane with the rods AE, ED and BC
horizontal, by a force P applied at D in the direction which makes an
angle

60 to the horizontal. Find the magnitude of P.

Using Bows notation determines the stresses in the rods BC, CD and
ED, distinguishing between tension and thrusts.