PANITIA BIOLOGI SMKSAG

CHAPTER 12:

COORDINATION AND RESPONSE

Objective Items
12.1

Coordination And Response

1.

Specialised endings of nerve fibre that detect information are called.

2.

3.

A.

Effectors

B.

Sensory receptor

C.

Stimuli

D.

The integrating centre

The afferent pathway is the transmission of nerve impulses from the

A.

Effectors to the sensory receptors

B.

Integrating centre to the effectors

C.

Sensory receptors to the effectors

D.

Sensory receptors to the integrating centre

What is meant by stimulus?

A.

A change in the level of the factor being regulated

B.

A structure to detect an environmental change

C.

To enable the receptor to detect changes brought about by the effectors

D.

To receive integrate information and to trigger action that will correct the change
in stimulus

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4.

The figure shows a biological control system.

Integrating centre

Response

What could be P, Q and R?

5.

Receptor

Stimulus

Nerve impulse

Stimulus

Receptor

Effector

Receptor

Effector

Stimulus

Stimulus

Effector

Receptor

Coordination and response are carried out by the

I

lymphatic system

II

endocrine system

III

circulatory system

IV

nervous system

A. I and III only

B.

I and IV only

C.

II and IV only

D.

III and IV only

12.2

The Role Of The Human Nervous System

6.

What is the function of cerebrum?

A.

Initiates and controls all voluntary actions

B.

Coordinates movement and maintains body balance

C.

Controls and coordinates all involuntary actions

D.

Controls all voluntary and involuntary actions

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7.

8.

9.

Which of the following is an example of a voluntary action?

A.

Knee jerk reflex

B.

Dilation of eye pupil in a dark room

C.

A boy kicks a ball

D.

Quick withdrawal of the hand when it touches a hot object

Which of the following parts of the brain plays a regulating role in homeostasis?
A.

Cerebellum

B.

Medulla oblongata

C.

Hypothalamus

D.

Cerebrum

Which of the following are true about synapses?

I

A synapse is a narrow space between two neurons

II

A neuron may has a synaptic connection with many other neurons

III

Nerve impulse can only flow through synapse in one direction

IV

The transmission of nerve impulse across a synapse can be affected by

drugs

A. I and II only
B. II and IV only
C. I, II and IV only
D. I, II, III and IV
10.

Some nerves carry impulses much faster than others. What could be the reason for the
difference?
A.

This nerve has a very short axon

B.

These nerves are made of myelinated neurons

C.

The absence of myelin sheath speed up nerve impulses

D.

The neurons in these nerves have more dendrite than others

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12.3

The role of hormones in humans

11.

Which of the following is a correct match between the endocrine organ that produces
the hormone insulin and its target organ?

12.

13.

Endocrine organ

Target organ

Pancreas

Liver

Pancreas

Kidney

Pituitary gland

Liver

Pituitary gland

Skeletal muscle

The suitable hormone to treat a person who suffers dwarfism is

A.

Sex hormone

B.

Growth hormone

C.

Thyroxine

D.

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

The table shows the effects of hormone X

Produced by corpus luteum or placenta

Promotes growth of endometrium and prevents menstruation

What is X?
A.

Oestrogen

B.

Progesterone

C.

Luteinising hormone

D.

Follicle-stimulating hormone

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14.

Which of the following is not a difference between the nervous system and the
endocrine system?
Nervous system

Endocrine system

Consists of neurons

Consists of ductless glands

Impulses transmitted along neurons

Hormones are transported by blood

Quick response

Requires a longer time

Many effects are generally long

Many effects are usually not long

lasting

lasting

15

A person is chased by a fierce dog. What are the reactions in the persons body?

The metabolic rate increases

II

The body temperature decreases

III

The blood glucose level increases

IV

The rate of heartbeat decreases

A. I and III only

B. I and IV only
C. II and IV only
D. I,II and III only
12.4

Homeostasis In Human

16

Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?

17.

The maintenance of body balance

The secretion of saliva at the side of food

The secretion of insulin after a meal

The absorption of digested food by the small intestine

The urine of a diabetic is likely to contain an abnormal amount of

A

Urea

Amino acid

Fatty acid

Glucose

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18.

19

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master endocrine gland, this is because
A

It is the largest gland in the body

It is located in the brain

It is the most productive endocrine gland

It controls many other endocrine glands

Which of the following shows the correct sequence of three stages involved in the
formation of urine?

20

Ultrafiltration, reabsorption, active secretion

Ultrafiltration, active secretion, reabsorption

active secretion, ultrafiltration, reabsorb

active secretion, reabsorb, ultrafiltration

What changes are likely to occur when a person walks from a very cold room into a hot
kitchen?
Sweating
Increases
Decreases
Increases
Increases

A
B
C
D

Shivering
Decreases
Increases
Decreases
Increases

12.6

Plant Hormone

21

Which of the following plant hormones induce parthenocarpy ?

22

A.

Gibbrellin

B.

Auxin

C.

Ethene

D.

Ethylene

Skin blood vessels

Dilates
Dilates
Constrict
Constrict

Which of the following statements is not true about plant tropism

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23

24

25

A.

The response is towards a unilateral stimulus

B.

The directions of response is determine by the directions of an external stimulus.

Tropism is a growth response of the whole plant to external stimuli.

Phototropism is cause by uneven distribution of auxins.

Phytohormone X is a gas produced in plant tissues. It promotes fruit ripening. What is X?

A

Auxin

Abcisic acid

Ethene

Gibberalin acids

Which of the following is naturally occurring auxin ?

A

Indoleacetic acid

Absicic acid

Gibberellic acid

Cytokinin

Which of the following is not a correct match?

A
B
C
D

Hormone
Absicic acid
Auxin
Gibberellic acid

Effect
Stimulate stomatal opening
Stimulate parthenocarpy
Stimulates elongation and
growth of stem
Promote food ripening

Ethene

Structured Items
12.2

The Role of the Human Nervous System

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1.

The diagram below shows a cross section of the spinal cord of a small mammal.

(a).

Name the structure labeled X and Y

[2 marks]
X:

(b).

Y:

On the diagram, draw and label the neurons involved in the pathway of nerve
impulses

(c)

[3 marks]

Describe the pathway involved in the transmission of nerves impulses

which

result in the reflection when a hot object was touched.

..
..
..

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..
..
[4marks]
(d)

Explain the effects or responses if the efferent neuron is damaged

..
..
..
[2 marks]

12.3

The Role Of Hormones In Humans

2.

P
Q

R
S

(a)

Name the endocrine glands labeled P, Q, R, S and T

[3 Marks]
P:
Q:
R:
S:
T:

(b)

Name a hormone that is produced by the main gland that control the secretion of
gland Q

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[1 Mark]
..
(c).

Name a hormone that is secreted by gland Q

[1 Mark]
..

(d)

State two functions of the hormone in question c

[2 Marks]
..
..
.

(e)

Explain what would happen if a diet for a young child is deficient in iodine
[2 Marks]
..
..
.

(f)

State the effect of hormonal imbalance of insulin

..
..
..
[2 Marks]

12.4

Homeostasis in Human

3.

An experiment was carried out to determine how the level of glucose in the blood varies
in a normal person. Blood samples were taken every two hours for a period of 14 hours.
During this period, three meals were taken: breakfast 0700, lunch at 1300 and tea at
1700. The results are tabulated in table 1

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Time
0700
0900
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
2100
a.

Blood glucose level

(mmol / dm3)
4.6
6.0
5.3
4.9
6.2
5.0
4.7
4.5

Plot a graph of blood glucose level against time

[3 Marks]

b.

Base on the graph; explain the changes of the blood glucose level

I.

Between 0700 and 0900 hours

....

II.

Between 0900 and 1300 hours

....

III.

Determine the blood glucose level at 1200

....
[3 Marks]

c.

Explain how the changes in b) I and b) II are brought about?

....
....
....
....

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....
[4 Marks]
Give two reasons why the blood glucose level after breakfast differs from that after tea
..
..
....
....
....
[2 marks]
12.6

Plant Hormone

5.
The statements below refer to some effects of two groups of plants growth
substances, auxins and gibberellins. If the statement is correct place a tick () in the
appropriate box and if the statement is incorrect place a cross (X) in the appropriate box
[4 marks]
Effect
Promote cell elongation

Auxins

Gibberellins

Promote root formation in

cuttings and calluses
Promote fruit ripening
Inhibit lateral bud
development
Promote the breaking of
dormancy in seeds

a) Graph shows the effects of different concentrations of auxin on the growth responses of
shoots and roots. Using the information from the graph, what are the optimal auxin
concentration for maximum shoot growth and root growth?
[2 marks]
Shoot: ..
Root: ..
b) State two differences between responses of shoot and root growth
....
....
....

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....
....
[4 marks]

Essay Items
12.2

The Role of the Human Nervous System

(a)

(i)

What is meant by the term of synapse

[2 marks]

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(ii)

Explain the event as a nerve impulse is transmitted across a synapse

[4 marks]

(b)

Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases are related to nervous system. Explain the
causes and the effects of the diseases on victims.
[4 marks]

(c)

In an accident, a motorist was seriously injured and was sent to a nearby

hospital. A doctor is going to do a knee jerk test to examine the patients nerve
system. Draw the reflect arch and describe the pathway involved in the
transmission of nerve impulses which result in the reflect action.
[10 marks]

(a)

The pituitary gland is regarded as the master endocrine gland

Explain the statement above
[2 Marks]

(b)

After watching a horror movie at a cinema, Salim went back to his home. On the
way home, he saw a monster exactly the same as he watched in the movie. He
was very shocked and frightened. So he ran away as fast as he could.
Explain the involvement of both the nervous system and the endocrine system in
that critical situation
[8 Marks]

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(a)

Explain how the body of a healthy person restores the blood sugar level to
normal if the level drops too low
[6 marks]

(b)

(i)

Complete the diagram and state the role of the nephron

[4 marks]

(ii)

Describe the urine formation

[10 marks]

(a)

Explain the terms:

[4 marks]

(b)

(i)

Phototropism

(ii)

Geotropism

Explain the role of auxins in tropism

[10 marks]

(c)

State 3 types of hormones and its uses in agriculture

[6 marks]

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