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INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE ORGANIZATION

PHYSICS DATA BOOKLET

November 2002

To be used in the teaching and examination of

IB Diploma Programme physics

Valid for examination sessions from May 2003

http://www.xtremepapers.net

Physics Data Booklet

First published August 2001
Reprinted November 2002

International Baccalaureate Organization 2001, 2002

Organisation du Baccalaurat International
Route des Morillons 15
Grand-Saconnex / Genve
CH-1218
SWITZERLAND

Fundamental Constants
Quantity

Symbol

Approximate Value

Acceleration due to gravity

(Earths surface)

9.81 m s 2

Gravitational constant

6.67 1011 N m 2 kg 2

Avogadros constant

NA

6.02 1023 mol1

Gas constant

8.31 J K 1 mol1

Boltzmanns constant

1.38 1023 J K 1

StefanBoltzmann constant

5.67 108 W m 2 K 4

Coulomb constant

8.99 109 N m 2 C 2

Permittivity of free space

8.85 1012 C 2 N 1 m 2

Permeability of free space

4 107 T m A 1

Speed of light in vacuum

3.00 108 m s 1

Plancks constant

6.63 1034 J s

Charge on electron

1.60 1019 C

Electron rest mass

me

9.11 1031 kg = 0.000549 u = 0.511 MeV c 2

Proton rest mass

mp

1.673 1027 kg = 1.007276 u = 938 MeV c 2

Neutron rest mass

mn

1.675 1027 kg = 1.008665 u = 940 MeV c 2

1.661 1027 kg = 931.5 MeV c 2

Unified atomic mass unit

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Metric (SI) Multipliers

Prefix

Abbreviation

Value

tera

1012

giga

109

mega

106

kilo

103

hecto

102

deca

da

101

deci

10-1

centi

10-2

milli

10-3

micro

10-6

nano

10-9

pico

10-12

femto

10-15

Unit Conversions
1 light year (ly) = 9.46 1015 m
1 parsec (pc) = 3.26 ly
1 astronomical unit (AU) = 1.50 1011 m
1 radian (rad) = 180/
1 kilowatt-hour (kW h) = 3.60 106 J
1 atm = 1.01 105 N m-2 = 101 kPa = 760 mm Hg

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Electrical Circuit Symbols

cell

battery

lamp

ac supply

switch

ammeter

voltmeter

galvanometer

resistor

potentiometer

transformer

heating element

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Equations
Core

Additional Higher Level

Topic 1

Physics and physical

measurement

AV

AH
AH = A cos
AV = A sin

Topic 7

Measurement and
uncertainties

If y = a b
then y = a + b

If y =
then

Topic 2

Mechanics

y a b c
=
+
+
y
a
b
c

Topic 8

vav =

s
t

g=

aav =

v
t

g =G

ab
c

Mechanics

F
m
m
r2

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Core

Additional Higher Level

Topic 2

Mechanics (continued)

v = u + at

s=

F =G

u+v
t
2

s = ut +

Topic 8

Mechanics (continued)

m1m2
r2

Ep = G

at 2

m1m2
r

m
r

v 2 = u 2 + 2as

V = G

s : displacement
t : time

T2
= constant
R3

u : initial speed

Ffr s FN

v : final speed

Ffr = k FN

a : acceleration

= Fr sin

F = ma

p = mv
p
t

F =

Impulse = F t = mv
W = Fs cos
Ek =

Ek =

p2
2m

mv 2

Ep = mg h
F = kx
Eelas =

power =
a=

kx 2

work
= Fv
time

v 2 4 2 r
= 2
r
T

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Core
Topic 3

p=

Additional Higher Level

Thermal physics

Topic 9

Thermal physics

W = pV

F
A

Q = U + W

Q = mcT

+Q = thermal energy transferred to the system

Q = mL

+U = increase in internal energy of the system

pV = nRT

+W = work done by the system

efficiency =

Qh Qc
Qh

Qh Qc
=
Th
Tc
efficiency =

Topic 4

f =

Waves

1
T

v = f
sin 1
v
= 1
sin 2 v2
n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2

c
n=
v

(Carnot cycle)

Th Tc
Th

Topic 10

1
f = f
1 vs
v

(Carnot cycle)

Waves

moving source

f = f 1 o moving observer
v

f beat = f1 f 2

d sin = n
s=

D
d

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Core

Additional Higher Level

Topic 5
F =k
E=

Electricity and
magnetism

q1q2
1 q1q2
=
2
r
4 0 r 2

F
q

E=k
V
E=
d

q
t

R=

V
I

V =k

q
1 q
=
r 4 0 r

E=

V
x

= Bvl

= N

Vp
Vs

P = VI = I 2 R =

Electromagnetism

= BA cos

q
r2

I =

Topic 11

V2
R

R = R1 + R2

Np
Ns

I rms =

I0
2

Vrms =

V0
2

1
1
1
=
+
R R1 R2
F = qvB sin
F = IlB sin
B=

0 I
2 r

B = 0

NI
= 0 nI
l

F 0 I1 I 2
=
l
2 r

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Core
Topic 6

E = mc 2

Additional Higher Level

Atomic and nuclear
physics

Topic 12

Quantum physics and

nuclear physics

E = hf

hf = + Ek max
hf = hf 0 + eVs
p=

N = N 0 e t
T1 =
2

ln 2

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Options Standard Level

Option A

g=

Mechanics extension

F
m

g =G

m
r2

F =G

m1m2
r2

Ep = G
V = G

m1m2
r

m
r

T2
= constant
R3
Ffr s FN
Ffr = k FN

= Fr sin

Option B

Quantum physics and nuclear physics

E = hf
hf = + Ek max
hf = hf 0 + eVs
p=

N = N 0 e t
T1 =
2

ln 2

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Options Standard Level

Option C

Energy extension

W = pV
Q = U + W
+Q = thermal energy transferred to the system
+U = increase in internal energy of the system

+W = work done by the system

efficiency =
Qh Qc
=
Th
Tc

(Carnot cycle)

efficiency =
power =

10

Qh Qc
Qh

Th Tc
Th

(Carnot cycle)

Av3

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Options Standard Level/Higher Level

Core (SL + HL)

Option D

= 10 log

Biomedical physics

I
where I 0 = 1012 W m 2
I0

I = I 0e x
x1 =
2

Extension (HL only)

Mechanical Advantage =

load
effort

Velocity Ratio =

distance moved by effort

distance moved by load

Absorbed dose =

Absorbed Energy
mass

ln 2

Exposure =

total charge
mass

Dose equivalent = quality factor Absorbed dose

1
1
1
=
+
TE TB TR

Option E

The history and

development of physics

Any formulas required will be found in the

core topics.

1
1
= RH 2 2
m

n
1

xp

h
2

E t

h
2

Any other formulas required will be found in the

AHL topics.

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

11

Options Standard Level/Higher Level

Core (SL + HL)

Option F

Astrophysics

v = Hd

L = AT 4

max (metres) =
d ( parsec ) =
b=

Extension (HL only)

2.90 103
T (kelvin)

v
c

1
p ( arc-second )

L
4d 2

Option G

p = m0u

v2
c2

t = t0
L=
u x/ =

Relativity

L0

ux v
u v
1 x2
c

E 2 = p 2 c 2 + m02 c 4
f
g h
= 2
f
c
RSch =

2GM
c2

m = m0
E0 = m0 c 2
E = mc 2

12

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

Options Standard Level/Higher Level

Core (SL + HL)

Option H

Optics

n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2
1
n=
sin c
1 1 1
= +
f
u v
m=

hi
v
=
ho u

M =

i
o

Extension (HL only)

IB Diploma Programme: Physics Data Booklet, November 2002

= 1.22

d sin = n

13