Global Warming

Introduction
The term global warming or climate change refers to the rapid increase in the
temperature of the Earths surface and its oceans. Whenever our globe has shifted in its
orbit due to changes in the atmosphere, the Earth has warmed and cooled in a repeated
sequence over certain periods.
However, over the past century, the earth is warming continuously and rapidly (than past
climatic warming events) without showing any signs of cooling down. This conditional
change in the atmosphere has become a warning signal of life on earth.
After many detailed weather observations and calculations, scientists think that the current
climate change is not natural as compared to the past environmental warming actions.
Various scientists have recently predicted that the average temperature of the Earths
atmosphere could increase between 1.4 and 5.8 degree Celsius by the year 2100.
Causes of Global Warming
We get a massive amount of natural energy from solar radiation (or suns heat). This
radiation passes and absorbs into the Earths surface and radiates back into the atmosphere
and to the space.
Various factors, such as industrialization, deforestation, land clearing, agriculture, and air
pollution cause a huge emission of greenhouse gases, fossil fuels (natural resources like
crude oil, coal, and natural gas that contain hydrocarbons) and toxic air pollutants, which
are harmful to human health and the Earths atmosphere as well.
Burnt fossil fuels that produce hydrocarbons and greenhouse gases that emit carbon dioxide
(CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), ozone-depleting substances, and other highly
dangerous gases that trap the most suns heat making a thin gas blanket over the Earths
atmosphere causing it to warm up.
Effects of Global Warming
Since the beginning of the 21st century, we have seen many drastic climate changes all over
the world. The signs of destructions in the forms of floods, droughts, wildfires, and tropical
storms have already begun.
Melting Glaciers and Global Sea-level Rise: Long duration of hot climate has raised
various sea levels, as the polar ice caps are melting at the stunning rate of nine percent
each decade as recorded by NASA. According to the 2010 weather report, around 160
square mile ice chunk from the Great Petermann Glacier that connects the Greenland ice
sheet to the Arctic Ocean has broken off. This rapid ice melting now contributes to the global
sea level rise at an estimated rate of one-hundredth of an inch per year.
Dangerous Hurricanes and Storms: Warmer water in the ocean pushes more energy into
tropical storms making hurricanes and storms more dangerous and powerful than before.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report, future tropical storms
will cause more damage to humanity and other living beings on Earth.

Droughts and Wildfires: Greater moisture evaporation from the Earths surface and its
oceans and seas, especially during summer could intensify drought conditions to severity
and increase the risk of wildfires in various parts of the Earths land area. According to the
2010 Climate Change Report, the hottest summer ever recorded in Russia with worst
droughts and wildfires, covering the entire Western Russia with a toxic fog, killing people at
the rate of over 700 per day.
Intense Floods and Rainstorms: As in the 2010 Climate Change Report, the worst floods
ever recorded in various countries like the United States and China, killing hundreds of
people and thousands missing and feared dead. Due to the intense floodwaters in various
major countries, many seasonal crops were destroyed, houses and buildings washed away,
and lakhs of people and animals died.
Extreme Landslides, Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Active Volcanoes: According to the
Geophysical Research reports, numerous catastrophes, such as earthquakes, landslides,
volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis could be the effects of global warming and could bring
from bad to worse, affecting most of the crops and vegetation in the years to come.
Human Health: The extreme heat waves due to global warming have claimed many
thousands of lives in places all over the world. The carbon dioxide emission from burnt fossil
fuels into the atmosphere has aggravated various diseases like asthma and allergies.
Warming temperatures in the air have disrupted the worlds ecosystem and have
contributed to epidemics of various infections, such as dengue fever, malaria, encephalitis,
diarrhea, and other infectious illnesses.
Prevention and Control of Global Warming
Though much damage and destructions have already been done to our worlds ecosystem,
there is still time to control and slow down the process of global warming. Various effective
measures and preventions can be thought of implementing and some have already been
implemented.
1. We can reduce the carbon pollution by cutting down the use of fossil fuels. Various
researches and ideas of new geothermal energy facilities are best for our household
and corporate uses. For example, the solar energy hot water heating technology is
the best option for reducing home-based water heating costs. Vehicle manufacturers
are creating cleaner and no-fuel hybrid cars and bikes and that would contribute to
less fuel combustion.
2. Architects and engineers are designing heatproof houses and buildings with leak
proof doors and windows to make the world energy-efficient. Well-insulated houses
and buildings save energy as well as hold heat from leaking outside especially during
winter days. House attachments and accessories of high technology are available in
the markets for energy-efficient purposes.
3. One of the best preventive measures of global warming is gardening and plantations.
A noble cause is to create a small garden at the back or front of your house and
grow varied flowers and vegetables. Planting saplings should be encouraged by
global people.
4. Various global projects are in process for carbon capturing and storing in areas of
dense blankets of smog. Scientists are working hard to find ways to make Earth
green and clean of air pollutants.

5. Various other projects like recycling are correct energy and fossil fuel usage are
being encouraged by the people around the globe.