Objective

1. To assemble, test and trouble shoots (if necessary) and describes the operation of
hydraulic cylinder in tension, retraction and stopped positions.
2. To familiarizes the student with the applications of a 4/3-way valve 3.
3. To show how to use a piloted non-return valve

Introduction :
Hydraulics is the science of transmitting force and motion through the medium of a confined
liquid. Electro-hydraulic system is the combination of electrical and hydraulic system. The
range of applications for electro-hydraulic systems is diverse, and includes manufacturing
systems, materials test machines, suspension systems, mining machinery, fatigue testing,
flight simulation, paper machines, ships and electromagnetic marine engineering, injection
moulding machines, robotics, and steel and aluminium mill equipment. Hydraulic pumps,
motors, and cylinders can be combined into hydraulic drive systems. One or more hydraulic
pumps, coupled to one or more hydraulic motors, constitute a hydraulic transmission.

In a hydraulic device, power is transmitted by pushing on a confined liquid. The transfer of

energy takes place because a quantity of liquid is subject to pressure. By applying a
downward force on the small piston, the jack can be made to lift a heavy mass on the large
piston. The liquid fills the entire volume between the two pistons, and because it is
incompressible, some liquid must move into the large piston chamber when the small piston
is pushed downward. Hydraulic systems operate according to Pascals law. The law of Blaise
Pascal says: 'The pressure, in a static hydraulic fluid in a closed system is everywhere the
same'. However, when the velocity of the flow is constant one may apply Pascals Law as
well.

Hydraulic systems are also common in aircraft, where their high power-to-weight ratio and
precise control makes them an ideal choice for actuation of flight surfaces. A electro
hydraulic motor is a mechanical actuator that converts hydraulic pressure and flow into
torque and angular displacement (rotation). The hydraulic motor is the rotary counterpart of
the hydraulic cylinder conceptually, a hydraulic motor should be interchangeable with a
hydraulic pump because it performs the opposite function - much as the conceptual DC
electric motor is interchangeable with a DC electrical generator. However, most hydraulic
pumps cannot be used as hydraulic motors because they cannot be back driven. Also, a
hydraulic motor is usually designed for the working pressure at both sides of the motor.

Material and equipment:

Electro hydraulic system

FIRUGE : Electro hydraulic system

Procedures

The following procedures are included:

1.
2.
3.
4.

The hydraulic system is turned ON

The working principle of the hydraulic system is studied and understood
The hydraulic circuit of the system is drawn
After the experimental, this electro-hydraulic system with new design has
been constructing and performance enhancement of the system has been

recorded.
5. One application of the hydraulic system is proposed

Hydraulic Circuit:

Motor

4/3 way solenoid operated with spring

return control valve

Pressure Relief
Valve

Tank

Potential Application:
The hydraulic system can be used as:

Heavy duty drilling machine

Screw fasteners.

Load lifters.

Machine squeezer.

Gigantic door opener / lifter such airplane hangar door.

Opening / closing sliding door.

Manufacturing line application such as Extrusion Machine and Stamping Machine.

The range of applications for electro-hydraulic systems is almost same with hydraulic system,
but the main purposes electro hydraulic system compare to conventional system is to give
operator easily to operate. Since electro hydraulic use solenoids to generate the
electromagnetic for valve activation, operator not need manually (pull the lever or push the
button) activate the valve. This can save time, energy and can give this electro hydraulic
system more efficient and practical to use.

The typical application of this electro hydraulic system are include in manufacturing systems,
materials test machines, active suspension systems, mining machinery, fatigue testing, flight
simulation, paper machines, ships and electromagnetic marine engineering, injection molding
machines, robotics, and steel & aluminum mill equipment. The Hydraulic systems are also
common in aircrafts, where their high power-to-weight ratio and precise control makes them
an ideal choice for use in flight trajectory control.

Discussion:

The hydraulic system lab is good to study. Student can know about the system, application,
circuit diagram and the advantage of the hydraulic system. As for the discussion there are
some matters that have to be considering that will help to improve the lab. Firstly, the
hydraulic system have some working fluid leaking, this can be avoided by using pressure
sealant. Second, the system is a lot of mess and need for maintenance that could help
avoiding the apparatus to perform better and not broken.

5.0

RECOMMENDATIONS (improvement):

Since the difference between conventional system and electro hydraulic system are not much
only on activation part, so the weaknesses of this system also almost same with conventional
system. Therefore the ways to improve this system are quite same with the hydraulic system.
Weaknesses of hydraulic

Improvement

Working fluid leak from the system

Use high pressure sealant

(messy)
Hydraulic system over heating (can

Use heat sink to dissipated heat

effect sealant bonding)

Need period maintenance
Noisy system
Need DC power output to connect

from the working fluid

Use hydraulic system wisely
Use low noise motor
Use internal DC power output such

with solenoid (not portable)

Conclusion:

as battery.

As a conclusion the electro hydraulic system is not new. This lab could assist us more
to understand the principal of electro hydraulic system. The application of electro hydraulic
system might able to give extra skill to the student in hydraulic area that is useful for future
need. There are continuing improvement need to be made to maintain the effectiveness and
the performance of the system. As conclusion, the lab beneficial to student and the lab was
success.

REFERENCES:

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_motor
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrohydraulic_manual_transmission
3. http://materialhandling.globalspec.com/LearnMore/Flow_Transfer_Control/Valve_Actuators_Positi
oners/Hydraulic_Electrohydraulic_Valve_Actuators