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REFRIGERATOR
SERVICE MANUAL
CAUTION

BEFORE SERVICING THE UNIT, READ

THE "SAFETY PRECAUTIONS" IN THIS MANUAL.

MODEL: GC-181SA.CSWQRAN

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COLOR:SUPER WHITE

CONTENTS
(Page)
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 2
SERVICING PRECAUTIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 3
SPECIFICATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................................4
PARTS IDENTIFICATION ...............................................................................................................................................4
DISASSEMBLY ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 - 6
DOOR .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5
EVA DOOR ..................................................................................................................................................................5
TOP TABLE ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
COVER FEELER ..........................................................................................................................................................6
THERMOSTAT ............................................................................................................................................................6
COMPONENTS ...........................................................................................................................................................7-8
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................................................................................ 9 - 12
NO COOLING ............................................................................................................................................................ 10
COMPRESSOR AND ANOTHER ELECTRIC COMPONENTS ............................................................................... 11
PTC ............................................................................................................................................................................ 12
EXPLODED VIEW . ................................................................................................................................................13 - 14
REPLACEMENT PARTS LIST .....................................................................................................................................15

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Please read the following before servicing your
refrigerator.
1. Check if electric leakage occurs in the set.
2. When servicing current applying parts, unplug prior to
servicing.
3. If testing with power on, wear rubber gloves to prevent
electric shock.
4. Be sure to check regular current, voltage, and capacity.
5. Don't touch metal products in a cold freezer compartment
with wet hands. It may cause frostbite or other injury.
6. Prevent water flowing to electric elements in mechanical
parts.
7. When tilting the set, remove any materials on the set,
especially thin plate type (ex,: glass plates or books.)
8. When servicing evaporator part, wear cotton gloves to
prevent injury by sharp fins of the evaporator.
9. Do not open the sealed refrigeration system. It could
cause injury or pollute the air. Leave this job to an
autherized servicer with the appropriate refrigerant
recovery equipment.

AIR RECHARGING IN COMPRESSOR

Test the refrigeration system by connecting it electrically before
beginning the refilling operation. This is necessary to ascertain
the function of the motor-compressor and identify defects
immediately. If defects have been found, empty the old system
of R134a residue by breaking off the end of the extension piece
at its narrow point.
(Figure 1) Use the appropriate refrigerant recovery equipment.
Replace the filter and any damaged components. Unsolder and
pull off the piece remaining inside the service tube and then
attach an extension with male Hansen, and last, solder it to the
same tube again. (Figure 2)
POINT TO BE
BROKEN

FEMALE
HANSEN

MALE
HANSEN
SERVICE TUBE
EXTENSION

Figure 1

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CHARGE TUBE
EXTENSION

SOLDERING
POINT

Figure 2

SERVICING PRECAUTIONS
It is necessary to execute the soldering operation with valve
open so that the fumes caused by oil residue can come out
freely without blowholes between two tubes during heating the
point to be soldered.
The extension fitted with the male Hansen is connected to the
female fitting of the vacuum pump tube. (Figure 3) Air
evacuating from the system begins as soon as the pump starts.
The refrigeration system must be kept under vacuum until the
reading on the low-pressure gauge indicates vacuum (0
absolute, -1 atm., -760 mm hg.) In any case, it is advisable to
keep the pump running for about 60 minutes. (Figure 4)

TO THE
VACUUM
PUMP
PRESSURE
GAUGE

Figure 3

If case that a considerable leakage occurs, it will be necessary

to stop the vacuum pump and add a small quantity of Freon to
the system, if vacuum should not be obtained (pressure gauge
doesn't fall to 1 atmosphere.) Start the refrigeration unit and
find the leakage with a special leak-finder. When the defective
soldering point is visible, repair it after opening the extension
tube valve and reestablishing the normal outside pressure
inside the system.
Because the melted solder is sucked into the tubes and blocks
them, the pressure must be rebalanced when vacuum is in the
system for soldering. As soon as the vacuum operation is over,
add the quantity (in grams) of R134a to the refrigeration
system. Remember that every system has an exact quantity of
R134a with a tolerance of 5 grams than can be added.
(Figure 5)

TO THE
R-134a CYLINDER

TO THE
REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM

Figure 4

Before performing this operation (if the vacuum pump and

refilling cylinder are connected), make sure that the valve
placed between the vacuum pump and refilling tube are closed
to keep the Freon from adding to the system.(Figure 6)
In addition, check the graduated scale on the cylinder for the
quantity of R134a to be added; for example, if we have 750
grams of Freon in the cylinder and must add 165 grams to the
group, this amount will be reached when R134a has dropped to
585 grams, remembering that the indicator shows a lower limit
of meniscus. Do this after choosing the scale corresponding to
the gas pressure different scales reported as the same gas
pressure indicated by the pressure gauge on the top of the
column.
To make R134a flow into the system, open the valve placed at
the base of the cylinder and connected to the filling tube. The
amount of Freon cannot be added to the system all at once
because it may cause a blocking of motor-compressor.
Therefore, proceed by adding original quantity of about 20-30
grams and close the valve
immediately thereafter.
The pressure rises and the motor-compressor must start,
sucking the gas and making the pressure go down again.
Regulate the valve again, maintaining the same manner until
reaching the quantity of R134a established for the system being
charged. When the system is running, the suction pressure
must be stabilized from 0.10 to 0.4 atmosphere.

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FILLING OR
CHARGE TUBE

TO THE
REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
TO THE
VACUUM
PUMP

Figure 5

VALVE TO BE 
OPENED WHEN 
REFILLING

TO THE 
CHARGE
CYLINDER
VALVE TO BE
CLOSED
AFTER VACUUM

1. SPECIFICATIONS
1-1 GR-181
ITEMS

SPECIFICATIONS

ITEMS

SPECIFICATIONS

14

VEGETABLE TRAY

Drawer Type

126

EGG TRAY

1 Piece

140

ICE TRAY

1 Piece (Plastic)

FREEZER
STORAGE CAPACITY REFRIGERATOR
TOTAL
DIMENSIONS (mm)

550 (W) X 600 (D) X 850 (H)

COMPRESSOR

P.T.C Starting Type

36

EVAPORATOR

ROLL BOND TYPE

KNOB DIAL

CONDENSER

Wire Condenser

NET WHIGHT(kg)
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
DEFROSTING SYSTEM
OUT CASE

MANUAL

REFRIGERANT

R-134a (105g)

Coated Steel sheet

LUBRICANT OIL

FREOL @ 15G(210cc)

INNER CASE

ABS

INSULATION

CYCLOPENTANE

2. PARTS IDENTIFICATION
EVAPORATOR(Door Inside)
- The heart of the refrigerator.
- It evaporates the refrigerant
fluid and thereby absorbs
heat from the surrounding
area.

EVA DOOR
THERMOSTAT
CONTROL DIAL
Regulates the operation of
the motor and controlls the
temperature inside the
refrigerator.

ICE CUBE TRAY(Door Inside)

Ice cube is easy to remove
from the tray.

COMMODITY RACKS
DRIP TRAY
Catches the water that
drips off the evaporator
when defrosting.

EGG TRAY
MAGNETIC GASKET
- Tight fitting door seal keeps
all the cooling power locked
inside.
- No hooks or latches.

SHELVES

GLASS LID & VEGETABLE

CONTAINER

BOTTLE RACK
LEG ADJUST
NOTE : This is a basic model. The shape of refrigerator is subject to change.

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3. DISASSEMBLY
A. DOOR
PRECAUTION
1. First unplug the appliance.
2. Remove foods and accessories like shelves or trays
which are not fixed in the refrigerator.
3. Carefully lay the appliance on a cushion like packing
material to avoid the damage of refrigeration circuit.
4. Use + driver or spanner to fix or remove the bolts.
1. Unscrew the 2xBOLTS , then remove the hinge (L) .
2. Remove the LEG .
3. Gently pull the door downwards to remove it.
Reversible
4. Before refitting the door, swap the Hinge Cap by pulling it
out from its current location and repositioning it on the other
side of the door. Care should be taken not to damage the
adjacent surfaces when removing the Hinge Cap.
5. Unscrew the Upper Hinge pin (U) and screw it into the
opposite side hole.
6. After refitting the door, fix the Lower Hinge(L) in the
apposite side by using 2xBOLTS.

Figure 7

7. Fix the Leg.

8. Carefully place the appliance in an upright position.
Adjust the Leveling screw to make sure the appliance is
steady and check that the door opens and closes
properly.

Note: Reversing the doors is not covered by the

warranty.

B. EVA DOOR
1. Open the EVA DOOR, and Grasp the Bottom side of the
EVA DOOR Hinge.
2. Take it out forwards by lifting it slightly up .
Reversible
3. Rotate the EVA DOOR 180 degrees, and insert EVA
DOOR to opposite side top hole first, then in to the
Bottom side hole.
4. Check that EVA DOOR is installed properly.

Figure 8

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C. TOP TABLE
1. Unscrew 2 bolts at the rear of top table.

2. Hold the rear of top table and push forwoards with

lifting up top table slightly.

Figure 9

D. COVER FEELER
1. Open the eva door.
2. Pull it downwards softely by pushing the hooks of the
cover feeler inside.
3. Separate the cover feeler from the evaporator.

Figure 10

E. THERMOSTAT
1. Remove the shelves and Drip tray in order to make access
easier.
2. Separate Cover feeler from Evaporator.
3. Separate Cover Lamp by twisting up and down (Figure 11).
4. Loosen 1 screw holding the case to remove the Thermostat
Enclosure. (Figure 12)
5. Pull Knob Dial.

Figure 11

6. Pull out thermostat in the thermostat cover, and

disconnect wires. (Figure 13)
NOTE : Replace a proper specification new thermostat.

Figure 12

Figure 13

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4. COMPONENTS
3) PTC-Applied Circuit Diagram
According to Starting Method for the Motor

1. COMPRESSOR
1) Role
The compressor intakes low temperature and low
pressure gas evaporated from Evaporator of the
Refrigerator, and condenses this gas to high temperature
and high pressure gas, and then plays delivering role to
Condenser.
2) Composition
The Compressor is Composed of Compressor Apparatus
compressing gas, Compressor Motor moving Compressor
Apparatus and Case protecting Compressor Apparatus
and Motor. There are PTC-Starter, and Over Load
Protector (OLP) in the Compressor outside. On the other
hand, because the Compressor consists of 1/1000mm
processing precision components and is sealed after
production in absence of dust or humidity, deal and repair
with care.
3) Note for Usage
(1) Be careful not to allow over-voltage and over current.
(2) No Strike
If applying forcible power or strike (dropping or
careless dealing), poor operation and noise may occur
(3) Use proper electric components appropriate to the
Compressor.
(4) Note to Keep Compressor.
If Compressor gets wet in the rain and rust in the pin of
Hermetic Terminal, the result may be poor operation
and poor contact may cause.
(5) Be careful that dust, humidity, and flux welding don't
inflow in the Compressor inside in replacing the
Compressor. Dust, humidity, and flux due to welding
which inflows to Cylinder may cause lockage and
noise.

OVERLOAD PROTECTOR(O.L.P)
C
PTC

S
3

PTC STARTER

COMPRESSOR
MOTOR
M
M
S
HERMETIC
TERMINAL

RSIR

Figure 13
4) Motor Restarting and PTC Cooling
(1) For restarting after power off during normal
Compressor Motor operation, plug the power cord
after 5 min. for pressure balance of Refrigerating Cycle
and PTC cooling.
(2) During normal operation of the Compressor Motor,
PTC elements generate heat continuously. Therefore,
if PTC isn't cooled for a while after the power has been
shut off, Motor can't operate again.
5) Relation of PTC-Starter and OLP
(1) If the power is off during operation of Compressor and the
power is on before the PTC is cooled, (instant shut- off within
2 min. or reconnect a power plug due to misconnecting), the
PTC isn't cooled and a resistance value grows. As a result,
current can't flow to the sub- coil and the Motor can't operate
and the OLP operates by flowing over current in only in the
main-coil.
(2) While the OLP repeats on and off operation about 3-5 times,
PTC is cooled and Compressor Motor performs normal
operation.
If OLP doesn't operate when PTC is not cooled,
Compressor Motor is worn away and causes circuitshort and
fire. Therefore, use a properly fixed OLP without fail.
6) Note to Use PTC-Starter
(1) Be careful not to allow over-voltage and over-current.
(2) No Strike
Don't apply a forcible power or strike.
(3) Keep apart from any liquid.
If liquid such as oil or water away enter the PTC,
PTC materials it may break due to insulation
breakdown of the material itself.
(4) Don't change PTC at your convenience.
Don't disassemble PTC and mold. If the exterior to the
PTC-starter is damaged, resistance value is altered
and it may cause poor starting of the compressor
motor may cause.
(5) Use a properly fixed PTC.

2. PTC-STARTER
1) Composition of PTC-Starter
(1) PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) is a no-contact
semiconductor starting device which uses ceramic
material and this material consists of BaTiO3.
(2) The higher the temperature is, the higher becomes the
resistance value. These features are used as starting
device for the Motor.
2) Role of PTC-Starter
(1) PTC is attached to Hermetic Compressor used for
Refrigerator, Show Case and starts Motor.
(2) Compressor for household refrigerator applies to
single-phase induction Motor.
For normal operation of the single-phase induction motor, in
the starting operation flows in both main coil and sub-coil.
After the starting is over, the current in subcoil is cut off. The
proper features of PTC play all the above roles. So, PTC is
used as a motor starting device.

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3. OLP (OVER LOAD PROTECTOR)

1) Definition of OLP
(1) OLP (OVER LOAD PROTECTOR) is attached to the
Hermetic Compressor and protects the Motor by
cutting off current in Compressor Motor in case of
over-rising temperature by Bimetal in the OLP.
(2) When over-voltage flows to Compressor motor, the
Bimetal works by heating the heater inside the OLP,
and the OLP protects Motor by cutting off current
which flows to the Compressor Motor.
2) Role of the OLP
(1) The OLP is attached to the Hermetic Compressor
used for the Refrigerator and Show Case and prevents
the Motor Coil from being started in the Compressor.
(2) Do not turn the Adjust Screw of the OLP in any way for
normal operation of the OLP.(Composition and
connection Diagram of OLP)

CONTACTING
POINT

COVER
BIMETAL

CONTACTING
POINT
HEATER
TERMINALS

BIMETAL
ADJUST
SCREW

Figure 14

HEATER

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

YL

BK

YL
BK
LAMP
OVER LOAD
PROTECTOR

GN(GN/YL)

THERMOSTAT

PR

DOOR
S/W
BL
BL

CAPACITOR-R

POWER SUPPLY CORD

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PK

YL : YELLOW
BK : BLACK
BL : BLUE
GN : GREEN
PR : PURRLE
PK : PINK

2
5
BL

COMPRESSOR

P.T.C STARTER

THE PLUG TYPE ON CIRCUIT DIAGRAM IS SUBJECT

TO CHANGE IN DIFFRENT LOCAL TIES.

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3854JD1020K

5. TROUBLESHOOTING
DEFECT

EFFECT

CAUSE

REMEDY

Evaporator does not frost even

though motor-compressor runs
continually.

An empty refrigerant system

indicates a leakage of R134a.
This loss is generally to be looked
for at the soldering points
connecting the various components
or in an eventual hole in the
evaporator made by the user.

Leakage must be eliminated by

resoldering the defective point or
substituting the damaged
evaporator.

EXCESSIVELY
FULL

This defect is indicated by the

presence of water outside the
refrigerator near the motor caused
by formations of ice on the return
tube.

If in the refrigerant system a

quantity of R134a is introduced
which is greater than that
indicated, the excess gas does
not terminate its expansion in
the evaporator but proceeds into
the return tube.

The system must be emptied and

subsequently refilled introducing
the correct quantity of R134a.

HUMIDITY IN THE
SYSTEM

This defect is indicated by the

partial frosting of the evaporator
and by continual defrosting cycles
determined by the interruption of
the flow of gas on the evaporator.
The motor compressor keeps
running.

The refrigerant system is humid

when there is a small percentage
of water present, which, not
completely retained by the
dehydrator filter, enters into
circulation with the Freon and
freezes at the capillary exit in the
evaporator.

The system must be emptied and

then refilled after eliminating the
humidity.

PRESENCE OF AIR
IN THE SYSTEM

Poor performance of the

refrigerant system which is
indicated on the evaporator with a
slight frost which does not freeze
and an excessive overheating of
the condenser and motorcompressor.

There is air in the refrigerating

system when during the filling
phase vacuum is not effected or it
is not adequately done.

Group must be drained and

subsequently refilled after
carefully creating vacuum.

BLOCKED
CAPILLARY

Because of the lack of circulation

Freon in the system, there is no
frosting of the evaporator, while a
slight overheating of the first spiral
of the condenser is noted.

Impurities contained in the Freon

or in the components of the
refrigeration system before
assembly and not retained by the
filter can obstruct the capillary.

To restore the system it must be

emptied, substitute the capillary or
the evaporator entirely in case the
capillary is coaxial with respect to
the return tube, then refill it.

In case of short circuit, the

breakdown is due to the electric
winding. If blocked, there is a
mechanical failure in the motorcompressor.

The motor-compressor must be

replaced and then proceed with
refilling.

No frost forms on the evaporator,

even if the motor-compressor is
apparently running regulary.

In this case there is a mechanical

failure in the diaphram valves which
remaining continually open, do not
permit the compressor to operate.
Consequentely, Freon does not
circulate in the system.

The motor-comprossor must be

replaced and then proceed with
refilling.

In case of mechanical failure in the

motor-compressor there in an
excessive noise when the system is
functioning. In case a suspension
spring is unhooked, banging will be
heard and there will be especially
strong vibrations when the system
starts up and stops.

The cause of the excessive noise

is normally to be sought for in a
mechanical breakdown, and only
rarely in the unhooking of one of
the suspension springs.

The motor-compressor must be

replaced and then proceed with
the refilling.

SYSTEM
PARTIALLY OR
COMPLETELY OUT
OF REFRIGERANT
CHARGE

The system does not work and

MOTORthe "OLP" intervenes interrupting
COMPRESSOR
SHORT-CIRCUITED delivery to the motor-compressor.
OR BLOCKED

MOTORCOMPRESSOR
DOSE NOT
COMPRESS
NOISY MOTORCOMPRESSOR

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NO COOLING
The Compressor
doesn't run.

Check if the current flows

at the contacting point of
the Thermostat.

Poor contacting point

Replace the
Thermostat.

Check the current flowing

of starting system.

Shorted or Broken

Replace the device.

Check if the current flows

at the main coil of the
Comprossor.

Coil shorted

Replace the
Compressor.

Check the components

on the main circuit.

Poor running of the

Compressor.

Replace the
components.

Measure the starting

voltage.

Check if the current flows

at the contacting point of
the starting system.

Compressor runs.

Low voltage

Increase the voltage.

Shorted Poor contacting

point and broken

Replace the device.

Check if the current flows

to the sub coil of the
Compressor.

Shorted

Replace the
Compressor.

Is the current amount of

the electric components
normal?

The coil of the

Compressor Motor is
worn out.

Repair the Compressor.

Frost doesn't form at the

Evaporator when
operating set for more
than 30 min.

Refrigerant leaks. Poor

compressing.

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Repair the Compressor.

COMPRESSOR AND ANOTHER ELECTRIC COMPONENTS

1

Power Source

Check the
resistance of the
Compressor Motor.

Separate the PTC-STARTER from the

Compressor and measure the voltage
between M and C of the Compressor.

Equal to the applied

voltage. (Rating
voltage 10%)

The applied voltage is not in the range

of Rating Voltage 10%.

Advice the customer to

use in the specified
range.

YES

YES

Test the resistance among

M-C, S-C, and M-S.

NO
Replace the Compressor.

Check the
resistance of
the PTC.

YES

Test the resistance of the both

terminals in the PTC-STARTER.

Replace the
PTC-STARTER.

NO

Check OLP.

Check if applying a
regular OLP.

4
YES

YES

Advice the customer to use

in the specified range.

NO

Replace OLP.

NO

Check the starting

state.

Measure minimum starting voltage

after checking steps 1-3 above.
Measure the pressure balance of the
PTC at the interval of more than 5 min.

Starts at the voltage

of 85% below.

Starts at the voltage of more

than 90%.

Check the starting

state at the regular
voltage above.

Normal.

YES

Normal.

NO
Replace the PTC.

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PTC
Poor starting or no
operating of the
Compressor.

First, separate the PTC from the

Compressor and check the voltage
between NO 5 and 6 in the PTC
with a multitester or Wheatstone
Bridge.

Observation value is
220~240V/50Hz :
3330%

Normal

Check another
electric
components.

The value is 0.

Abnormal

Replace the PTC.

The value is .

Abnormal

Replace the PTC.

YES
Separate the OLP from the
Compressor and check
resistance value between two
terminals of OLP with Tester. NO

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Check other electric

components.

Replace OLP.

5. EXPLODED VIEW
107A

323B

107B
281B

302A

302B

410A

410G

411A

314A

318A

317A

307A
308A

127A

104A
309A

312A

283B

315A
282D

106B

310A
282D

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EXPLODED VIEW

409B

302C

408B
110A

125A

110B
406B

120D

126A
110C

120A
140A

230A

136A

231A
281D
136B

140A

136A
136B

241A
235A

155A

151A
237A

241C

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233A

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