1. Complete the text about chemistry using the words in the box.

bind

charge

science

nucleus
mass
density

interactions

shape

particles
substances

matter
amounts

ions

molecules

Chemistry is the______________ that systematically studies the composition, properties and activity of
_______________ and various elementary forms of________________ .
Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and interactions between them.
Energy has no ______________ or form. Matter is everything that occupies space and has
_____________._______________refers to the amount of matter in a given amount of space and is defined as
the mass per unit of a substance.
The fundamental building block of matter is the atom. It has a_____________at its centre consisting of
protons, which have a positive electrical __________, and neutrons which are uncharged. Negatively
charged electrons circle around nuclei. There are super-small ______________ inside the protons and
neutrons called quarks.
Chemical reactions involve_____________________between the electrons of one atom and the electrons of
another atom. Atoms which have different _____________ of electrons and protons have positive or
negative electrical charge and are called__________ __________. When atoms _________ together, they can
make larger building blocks of matter called ____________.
2. Choose the correct alternative to complete the definitions.
1. a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed is a
a) inhibitor

b) synthesiser

c) catalyst

2. a liquid that dissolves substances is a

a) solvent

b) solute

c) solubility

3. a substance that allows heat or electricity to go through it is a

a) conductor

b) detector

c) condenser

4. a small amount of a substance that is used for scientific tests is a

a) trace

b) sample

c) drop

5. a liquid with another substance dissolved in it, so it has become part of the liquid is a
a) solution

b) dilution

c) desiccation

6. a liquid mixed with water or another liquid to make it less strong is

a) intact

b) soluble

c) dilute

3. Match the words with their respective definitions

1

a) a system of two or more chemical substances which are

not chemically bound
b) anything that occupies space and has mass

1. matter

c) a substance formed by the combination of elements in

fixed proportions to form a new substance by chemical
reactions
d) a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler
substances by chemical reactions
e) a single pure form of matter

3. element

4.

2. substance

4. compound
5. mixture

Read the text and decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).

The worlds production of biofuels is set to rise rapidly over the next ten years. This is according to a new
report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. The report stated that increased global
demand for biofuels will boost international trade over the next decade. This is because of rising concerns
about global warming and the search for alternative energies. Governments around the world are desperate to
reduce the amount of fossil fuels they use so they can meet their CO2 targets. The current record price of oil is
fueling the scramble for biofuels. New biofuel production plants are springing up in developed countries all
over the world. The race is on to produce clean and economically-friendly biofuels that will provide up to 20
per
cent
of
the
energy
needs
in
the
major
world
economies.
Biofuels are not without their critics. Many people believe they are a major cause of the current rise in food
prices. Industry analysts disagree and say biofuels make up only five percent of these increases, and that
supply and demand is more to blame. However, it seems that a sharp rise in biofuel production would greatly
influence food prices. This is because more wheat, seeds, palm oil and sugar would go into making biofuels
instead of feeding people and farm animals. There is a danger that food riots could spread across the world,
even to rich countries. People would have cheaper fuel for their cars but more expensive food on store shelves.
This would greatly increase the gap between the haves and have-nots. In October 2007, a United Nations
spokesperson called biofuels a "crime against humanity".

1.

The production of biofuels will more than double over the next decade.

T/F

2. The demand for biofuels will help increase global trade.

T/F

3. Governments are extremely keen to replace fossil fuels with biofuels.

T/F

4. There are no critics of biofuels.

T/F

5. Analysts believe biofuels are a major cause of rising food prices.

T/F

6. Its possible that food riots might break out in developed countries.

T/F

7. A UN official said biofuels were a crime against humanity.

T/F

5. Write down 10 elements from the periodic table: