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GENERAL REVIEW : SECOND SEMESTER

1. USE OF SOME / ANY
- We use:
SOME in affirmative sentences with countable and uncountable
nouns.
Ex: You have some books (countable)
There is some flour on the floor (uncountable)
ANY in negative and interrogative sentences with countable /
uncountable nouns
Ex: He doesnt have any pictures (countable)
There isnt any sugar in the box (uncountable)
MAKE SENTENCES WITH SOME/ANY
(Simple Present or Present Continuous)
(aff) The waiter (prepare) _______________
PREPARES SOME fresh coffee every day
(neg)____________________________________________________
he doesnt prepare ANY coffee
(int)____________________________________________________?
DOES HE PREPARE ANY COFFEE
(aff)The bartender (mix) _______________ingredients
of his new
IS MIXING SOME
cocktail now
(neg)____________________________________________________
(int)____________________________________________________?
Match the abbreviations to their full forms
tbsp
g/gr
l
cl
kg
tsp
oz
lb

teaspoon
tablespoon
pound
ounce
gram
liter (litre)
kilogram
centiliter

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2. IMPERATIVES
We use Imperatives to give orders or instructions.
They dont have subject and the second person (you) is usually implied
as the subject.
To write imperatives
begin with the verb
In negative sentences
begin with dont + the verb
(Ex: dont open the door)
To give instructions, we usually use the following words to give the
sequence.
First, Second, Third, Afterwards, After, Then, Next, Finally
Exercises: Reorder the sentence as an imperative sentence
1.

To / white / take/ the / kitchen / bowl / the

TAKE THE WHITE BOWL TO THE KITCHEN
__________________________________________________
ITE

2.

the / my / dont / coat /take / living room/ to

DONT TAKE MY COAT TO THE LIVING ROOM
__________________________________________________

SHAKE

SHAKED

SHAKING

MIX

MIXED

MIXING

SQUEEZE

SQUEEZED

MINCE

MINCED

BOIL

BOILED

SQUEEZING

MINCING

BOILING

4. COMPARATIVES/SUPERLATIVES
We use:
Comparatives to compare two nouns

Superlatives to compare three or more nouns.

COMPARATIVE
good
bad
pretty
poor
rich

SUPERLATIVE

BETTER THAN
THE BEST
__________________________________
__________________________________
WORSE
THAN
THE WORST
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________

5. Make sentences with verb Be in the Simple Past Tense

Jim / an intelligent /boy
aff)__________________
HE WAS AN INTELLIGENT BOY
(neg) ________________
WAS HE AN INTELLIGENT BOY ?
(int) _________________?
The books/interesting
(aff) _________________
THE BOOKS WERENT INTERESTING
(neg) ________________
(int) _________________?

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REGULAR VERBS: Simple Past
To form affirmative sentences add ed or d to the verb and use the
second form (past)
Exercises:
. Prepare/ last night / a new cocktail/ the bartender /
LAST NIGHT THE BARTENDER PREPARED A NEW COCKTAIL
(aff) _________________________________
(neg) _________________________________
LAST NIGHT THE BARTENDER DIDNT PREPARE A NEW COCKTAIL.
(int) _________________________________?
DID THE BARTENDER
When ________________________________?
. the students/ five years ago/ in Spain/ live
THE STUDENTS LIVED FIVE YEARS AGO IN SPAIN
(aff) __________________________________
(neg) __________________________________
THE STUDENTS DIDNT LIVE
(int) __________________________________?
Where _________________________________
IRREGULAR VERBS:

Simple Past

The Simple Past is used to express the idea of an action started and
finished at a specific time in the past.
Sometimes, the speaker may not mention the specific time, but they
do have one specific time in mind (last year, yesterday, last month, 2
months ago, etc.)
Reorder and make sentences using simple past
1.forget /she/ the salads /yesterday/ to buy
(aff)
________________________________________________
SHE FORGOT TO BUY THE SALADS YESTERDAY
(neg _________________________________________________
SHE DIDNT FORGET
(int)
________________________________________________?
DID SHE FORGET
When _________________________________________________?
SHE FORGET
2.have/ last night / an important event/ the cooks
THE COOKS HAD AN IMPORTANT EVENT LAST NIGHT.
(aff) ________________________________________________
THE COOKS DIDNT HAVE
(neg) ________________________________________________
(int) ________________________________________________?
DID THE COOKS
What time _____________________________________________?

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6. COMPLAINTS
Explain in your own words what the following words refer to:
Stale _____________________________________________
Hard meat _________________________________________
Dry ______________________________________________
Rotten ____________________________________________
Over-cooked _______________________________________

7. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:

We use the Present Perfect:
-To express an action that happened at an unspecific time before now
or
-To express an action that began in the past and has not finished yet
Verb HAVE/HAS + PARTICIPLE (Third verbal form)
Affirmative:
Ex: We have studied a lot (regular verbs add d/ed/)
Ex: She has studied a lot
Ex: We have gone to the movies (irregular verbs)
Ex: She has gone to the movies
Negative:
Verb HAVE NOT (havent) /
HAS NOT (hasnt) + Participle (third verbal form)
Ex: We havent studied a lot (regular verbs add: d/ed/)
Ex: She hasnt studied a lot
Ex: We havent gone to the movies (irregular verbs)
Ex: She hasnt gone to the movies

Interrogative:
Verb HAVE/HAS + the subject + the third verbal form
Ex: Have you studied French?
Ex: Has she studied a lot?
Ex: Have you gone to the movies?
Ex: Has she gone to the movies?
Exercises: Write the following exercises in Present Perfect
WORKED
(aff) They have ____________________
(work) a lot for that event
(neg)They ______________________________________________
HAVENT WORKED
(Int)____________________________________________________
HAVE THEY WORKED
Who ___________________________________________________
HAVE WORKED

(aff) The pastry cook ______________________

(go) to the kitchen
HAS GONE
(neg) __________________________________________________?
HE HASNTT GONE
HAS GONE
Who _________________________________________________?
What _________________________________________________?
DID THE PASTRY COOK

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Write the following sentences in affirmative, negative and interrogative
using Past Perfect Tense.
HAD BROUGHT (bring) a fresh drink to the table when
aff. The waiter _____________
Mary arrived. THE WAITER HADNT BROUGHT
HAD THE WAITER BROUGHT
neg: ____________________________________________________
int._____________________________________________________
aff: Jane ______________ (prepare) a delicious dessert when Peter
phoned her.
neg:_____________________________________________________
int:_____________________________________________________

SHOWED

HAD JUST

LO QUE FUE ANTES EN PASTPERFECT Y LO QUE FUE

MAS RECIENTE EN PAST SIMPLE

BOUGHT

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8. MUCH - MANY - A LOT OF LOTS OF

We use :
A lot of or Lots of in affirmative (countable and uncountable)
Much

uncountable nouns in negative and interrogative

Many

countable nouns in negative and interrogative

Exercises:
(aff) David (have) ____________________ money
(neg) David __________________________money
(int) ______________________________________?
(aff) The students drink ____________ bottles of water
(neg) The students _____________________________
(int) ________________________________________?