What is the procedure in a criminal

action?................................................1
Issues of fact and issues of law..........1
What is the procedure in a civil action?
...........................................................2
What are crimes?...............................2
How are crimes classified?.................2
What are business related crimes?....3
What is the punishment for crimes?...3
Present-day penal institutions............3
Prison population................................3
Prison inmates....................................4
Prison life............................................4
Prisoners rights..................................4

What is the procedure in a criminal action?

1) What is a criminal action?
2) When is a person presumed to be innocent?
3) What are the steps of a trial?
4) What does release on bail mean?
5) What does release on recognizance mean?
6) What is a citation?
7) What is an indictment?
8) What is a grand jury?
9) What are the parties at the criminal trial?
10) When is the defendant sentenced in a criminal lawsuit?
Issues of fact and issues of law
1) Who decides issues of fact in trial?
2) Who decides issues of law in trial?
3) What is a trial jury?
4) What is evidence?
5) What can be used as evidence?
6) Who can be a witness?
7) Who are expert witnesses?
8)What is sent to the witness to participate in a trial?
9) What is a verdict?
10) What can be done if a jury cannot reach an agreement?
What is the procedure in a civil action?
1. What are the two parties to the civil action?
2. Who files the complaint?
3. What is an answer?
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4. What is a deposition?
5. What may the defendant do in an answer to the claim?
6. What are the discovery procedures needed for?
7. What is the role of a court reporter?
8. What is pretrial hearing?
What are crimes?
1. What is the most fundamental characteristic of a crime?
2. What is a criminal conduct?
3. What are the 3 elements of a crime?
4. What is the age of criminal liability?
5. What is the age of criminal liability for serious crimes?
6. What is the criminal intent?
7. What is the criminal juvenile delinquency?
How are crimes classified?
1. What are crimes against person?
2. What are crimes against property?
3. What are crimes against the government and the administration of justice?
4. What are crimes against public peace and order?
5. What are crimes against consumers?
6. What are crimes against decency?
7. What is felony? Give examples.
8. What is the punishment for felonies?
9.What is a misdemeanor?Give examples.
10.What is the punishment for misdemeanors?
11.What is an infraction? Give examples.
12. What is the punishment for infractions?
What are business related crimes?
1. Enumerate all business related crimes.
2. Give the definition of larceny.
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3. What does receiving stolen property imply?

4. What are false pretenses?
5.Give the definition of forgery.
6. Define bribery.
7. What do you understand b extorrttion?
8. What is conspiracy?
What is the punishment for crimes?
1. What is the purpose of punishment?
2. What kinds of punishment can be apllied?
3. What is probation?
4. What are the conditions of probations?
5. What is pardon and who can pardon the convict?
Present-day penal institutions
1. What are the purposes of incarceration?
The purpose of incarceration is to maintain physical custody of the prisoners, and to
prevent escapes of the prisoners.
2. How are these purposes obtained?

3. What are three categories of prisons ?

4. What is the general principle of confining offendres into different kinds of

prisons?

Prison population
1. What are the main cetegories of inmates?
The main categories of inmates are unconvicted prisoners, juvenile deliquents,
women prisoners, recidivists and life-sentenced prisoners.
2. Where are long-term prisoners usually held?
Long-term prisoners are usually heldin correctional institutions, which are usually
large maximum-security buildings holding offenders in conditions of strict security.
3. What is the purpose of reformatories?
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The purpose of reformatories is treatment or correction, rather than punishment.

4. What are open prisons?
Open prisons are for those prisoners who are not considered a danger to the
community.
Prison inmates
1. What is the status of unconvicted prisoners ? What are their privileges?
Unconvicted prisoners are helding in custody and waiting trial, they are presumed
to be innocent and can seek release on bail, prepare for the trial, maintain contact
with relatives and friends and pursue legitimate business and social interests, wear
their own clothes, write and reiceve unlimited number of letters.
2. What are the purposes of reformatories?
Reformatories are designed for the treatment, training, and social rehabilitation of
youth.
3. What is the most famous facility for young offenders?
School-age deliquents are kept in residential training schools. The most famous is
Borstal Institution.
4. What special programmes are established for women prisoners?
For women prisoners are established special programs and recreational
opportunities with emphasis on housekeeping, sewing and typing skills.
5. What additional rights do women prisoners have?
Women prisoners do not wear uniform, some prisons provide mother and baby
units, and also exetended visits to allow women to spend the whole day with their
children.
6. What are habitual offenders?
Habitual offenders are criminals who have frequently been apprehended and
convicted, who have manifested a settled practice in crime.
7. What are the most typical crimes commited by recidivists?
The most typical crimes commited by recidivists are vagrancy, drunkness,
prostitution and disturbing peace.
8. What is the severest penalty for the most atrocious crimes?
The severest penalty for me most atrocious crimes in some states is capital
punishment, but in others is life imprisonment.
9. What kinds of lifers are sentenced to the longest term imprisonment?
To the longest term imprisonment are sent those who commited a murder.
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Prison life
1. What deprivations do prisoners suffer?
Prisoners suffer deprinvations of liberty, of all goods and services, absence of
heterosexual relationship, and are subjected to vast body of institutional regulations
designed to control every aspect of behavior.
2. What is the aim of controlling every aspect of prisoners life?
This control forms the deprivation of liberty that is the essence of imprisonment,
and maintains the security, and prevents escapes.
3. What are the institutional regulations for visits that prisoners may receive?
Most prisons limit the number of visits that a prisoner may receive, and the visits
take place within the sight of an officer, the prisoner is sitting on one side of the
table and his visitor on the other.
4. What rights do prisoners have?
Priosners may write and receive letters, make telephone calls, can have a personal
radio, books, preiodicals and newspapers, and watch Tv.
5. What disciplinary sanctions are imposed to maintain security in prison?
Sanctions that are imposed include forfeiture of privileges, confinement within a
punishment block, loss of remission or good time.
Prisoners rights
1. What is the idea that has been developed in Europe and united states?
The idea that a prisoner has rights that may be protected by actions in the courts .
2. What are Habeas Corpus and Mandamus used for?
These are acts that recognize certain rights and legal remedies available for
prisoners.
3. What are the courts willing to do now?
The courts are now willing to limit legal writs by prisoners in deference to the
security requirements of the prison.
*What is legal writing? Give examples.
Legal writing is a type of technical writing used by lawyers, judges, legislators, and
others in law to express legal analysis and legal rights and duties.Examples: a
deed, a bond,a contract, a will or testament, a legislative act, a notarial act.