IS 456: 2000

16.2.1.1 Design bond stress in limit state method for plain bars in tension shall be as below:

Grade ofconcrete

M20

M25

M30

M35

Design bondstreSJ,
f hd, N/mm2

1.2

1.4

1.5

1.7

M 40 and above

1.9

For deformed bars conforming to IS 1786these values

shall be increased by 60 percent.

2) In the compression zone, front the mid depth

For bars in compression. the values of bond stress for

bars in tension shall be increased by 25 percent.

b) Stirrups-Notwithstanding any of the

provisions of this standard, in case of secondary
reintorcement, such as stirrups and transverse
ties, complete development lengths and
anchorage shall be deemed to have been
provided when the bar is bent through an angle

The values of bond stress in working stress design,

are given in B-2.1.

26.2.1.2 Bars bundled ;11 contact

of the beam.

of at least 90" round a bar of at least its own

diameter and is continued beyond the end of the
curve for a length of at least eight diameters, or
when the bar is bent through an angle of 135
and is continued beyond the end of the curve
for a length of at least six bar diameters or when
the bar is bent through an angle of 1HO and is

The development length of each bar of bundled bars

shall be that for the individual bar, increased by )0
percent for two bars in contact, 20 percent for three
barsin contact and 33 percent for four bars in contact.

26.2.2 Anchoring ReinforcingBars

26.2.2.1 Anchoring bars in tension
a) Deformed bars may be used without end
anchorages provided development length
requirement is satisfied. Hooks should normally
he provided for plain bars in tension.
b) Bends and hooks conform to IS 2502

Bends and hooks shall

J) Bends-The anchorage value of bend shall

be taken as 4 times the diameter of the bar

for each 45 bend subject to a maximum of
16 times the diameter of the bar.
2) Hooks-The anchorage value of a standard
U-type hook shall be equal to J6 times the
diamet.er of the bar.

continued beyond the end of the curve for a

length of at least four bar diameters.

26.2.2.5 Bearing stresses at bends

The hearing stress in concrete for bends and hooks
describedin IS 2502 need not be checked. The bearing
stress inside a bend in any other bend shall be calculated
as given below:

'

Bearing stress

Fht
rei>

where
}/'ol

=:

tensile force due to design loads in a bar

or group of hal's,

26.2.2.2 Anchoring bars in compression

,. = internal radius of the bend, and

The anchorage length of straight bar in compression

shall be equal to the development length of bars in
compression as specified in 26.2..1. The projected
length of hooks, bends and straight lengths beyond
bends if provided for a bar in compression, shall only
be considered for development length.

= size of the bar or, in bundle. the size of har

of equivalent area.

16.2.2.3 Mechanical devices [or anchorage

Any mechanical or other device capable of developing

the strengthof the bar without damage to concrete may
be used as anchorage with the approvalof the engineerin-charge.
26.2.2.4 Anchoring shear reinforcement

a) Inclined bars - The development length shan

be as for bars in tension; this length shall be
measured as under:
1) In tension zone, from the end of the sloping
Of inclined portion of the bar, and

For limit stale method of design, this stress shall not

exceed

I .5f~k
1+2~/a

tiere r.+'
h h
..
k IS t e. c aractensuc cube
C

strength of concrete and a, for a particular bur or group

of hars in contact shall he taken as the centre to centre
distance between bars or groups of bars perpendicular
to the plane of the bend; for a bar Of group of
bars adjacent to the face of the member a shall he
taken as the cover plus size of bar ( q. For working
'stress method of design. the bearing stress shall

not exceed

--~.
J+2c/J/a

26.2.2.6 If a change in direction of tension or

compression reinforcement induces a resultant force
acting outward tending to split the concrete, such force