API 580: Supplemental Inspection Certification Program

PART 7.

Daily Examinations

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Exam Day 1 (closed book)
Q.1 Successful implementation of RBI will give guidelines for:
a) Appropriate inspection methods, extent of inspection and
inspection intervals,
b) Suggestions for Risk mitigation activities,
c) Managing the residual level of risk after inspection and other
mitigation actions have been implemented.
d) All of above
Q.2.

API 580 is specifically targeted at the application of RBI for :

a] Hydrocarbon industries (Oil & Gas)
b] Chemical process industries
c] Power plants for Electric generation
d] Only a and b above

Q.3.

The graphical representation of scenarios from initiation to potential

outcome of an accident will be typically called as :
a] Event tree
b] Fault tree
c] Risk tree
d] Result tree

Q.4.

API 580 does not cover RBI assessment for:

a] Process piping
b] Storage tanks
c] Structural systems
d] Pressure relief devices

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Q.5.

The 3 approaches in RBI are typically called :

a) Qualitative, Semi-Qualitative, Realistic
b) Quantitative, Semi-Quantitative, Qualitative
c) Realistic, Quantitative, Qualitative
d) None of above

Q.6.

RBI methodology can be adopted for :

a) Entire operating unit
b) Section of operating unit
c) Major system or major equipment
d) All of above

Q.7.

Risk Management means:

a) Risk mitigation only
b) Risk mitigation and risk acceptance
c) Risk mitigation, risk acceptance and risk communication
d) Risk assessment, risk mitigation, risk acceptance, and risk
communication.

Q.8.

The term failure used for Failure Analysis in RBI typically means:
a) Failure due to human error
b) Power failure
c) Loss of containment
d) All of above

Q.9. Risk driver in RBI means

a) An item affecting probability significantly,
b) An item affecting consequence significantly,

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c) An item affecting the either probability or consequence or both the

significantly.
d) A rash driver driving the plant vehicle who causes significant risk
to plant personnel.
Q.10. In RBI analysis ALARP means:
a) Always likely and reasonably possible
b) As large as reasonably practical
c) As large as reasonably profitable
d) As low as reasonably practical

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Answer Key

Exam Day 1 (closed book)

Q. No.

Answer

10

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Exam Day 2 (Closed book)
Q.1.

Qualitative risk analysis means

a) A risk analysis based on Quality control plans of equipment
b) A risk analysis that uses broad categorizations for probabilities and
consequences of failure for purpose of risk ranking
c) A risk analysis that uses NDT methods to evaluate risks
d) A risk analysis that uses high quality data for detailed numerical
analysis

Q.2.

RBI typically is focused on systematic determination of _______ for

risk analysis and risk ranking
a) Absolute risk
b) Realistic risk
c) Relative risk
d) Residual risk

Q.3.

ISO risk line typically represents:

a) Constant risk level
b) Risk acceptable to international organization for standards
c) Incident specific occurrence of risk level
d) None of above

Q.4 Risk Matrix and Risk Plot are typically used for:
a) Risk Matrix for Quantitative and Risk Plot for Qualitative analysis
b) Risk Matrix for Qualitative and Risk Plot for Quantitative analysis
c) Both can be used for either Quantitative or Qualitative analysis
d) None of above are correct answers
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Q.5.

Q. 6

Q.7

Quantitative analysis is less precise than quantitative analysis, but

less costly and faster. If your objective is to carry out screening of
low risks items/equipment, which type of analysis will you choose?
a)

Qualitative

b)

Quantitative

c)

Quantitative first then Qualitative

d)

API 580 does not give any guideline

Effective Inspection by itself can directly reduce risk.

(a)

True

(b)

Wrong

For calculating Damage factor for thinning the term age means:
a)

Time since installation

b)

Time since RBI study was done

c)

Time since first inspection

d)

Time since last inspection

Q. 8 For finding out damage factor based on inspection Effectiveness,

we should consider
a)

All past inspections

b)

Only last inspection

c)

Only internal inspection

d)

Only external inspection

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Q.9.

In consequence analysis in API RBI methodology

a) Only Area-Based Consequence methodology is used
b) Only Financial-Based Consequence methodology is used
c) None of above these methodologies can be used
d) Any of these methodologies can be used

Q.10. In Quantitative analysis the probability of failure depends on

a) Generic failure frequency only,
b) Damage factor and generic failure frequency,
c) Management systems factor, and generic failure frequency
d) Generic failure frequency , damage factor and management systems
factor

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Answer Key

Exam Day 2 (Closed book)

Q. No.

Answer

10

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Exam Day 3 (Open book)

Q.1 Choose correct option

a) The inspection methods will provide little information to correctly identify
the true damage state (or 2040% confidence) is Poorly Effective.
b) The inspection methods that will correctly identify the true damage state in
nearly every case (or 80100% confidence) is Highly Effective.
c) The inspection methods will correctly identify the true damage state about
half of the time (or 4060% confidence) is Fairly Effective.
d) All of above are correct statements
Q.2 In an API RBI assessment, which components should be checked for
thinning.
a) All components should be checked for thinning
b) 50% components should be checked for thinning
c) Only the components with General corrosion should be checked for
thinning
d) Only the components with Localised corrosion should be checked for
thinning
Q.3

If a piping circuit contains an injection point, then an adjustment

factor equal to ------ should be used . If a highly effective inspection
for injection point circuit (according to API 570) is performed, then
this adjustment factor is .
a) 3,

b) 2,

c) 3,

d) 2,

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Q.4 A vessel is in service since year 2003. It is undergoing General

corrosion. Up to now, two inspections with external 30% scanning by
manual UT were done, and one internal inspection with 60%
examination of the surface (partial internals removed) accompanied
by thickness measurements was done. There is no On-Line
Monitoring. The value of Art parameter is 0.20. What is the Damage
Factor?
a) 4
b) 1
c) 10
d) 5
Q.5 For above vessel if corrosion was localized instead of general. Two
inspections with 30% manual UT scanning, and spot thickness
measurements at areas specified by a corrosion specialist were done.
Also one internal inspection with 60% visual examination and spot UT
measurements was done. There is no On-Line Monitoring. The value
of Art parameter is 0.20. What is the Damage Factor?
a) 10
b) 70
c) 35
d) 3
Q.6 A vessel is in service since year 2003. It is undergoing Chloride stress
corrosion cracking. Choose the correct answer.
a) External Spot Radiography and Spot shear wave ultrasonics is Usually
Effective inspection
b) Wet fluorescent magnetic particle testing of 100% weldments done from
inside is Highly Effective inspection .
c) Visual inspection done from inside is Fairly Effective inspection .
d) None of above are correct answers

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Q.7 In Chloride SCC, if cracking is known to be present then for

calculating damage factor Severity Index to be used is:
a) 1
b) 50
c) 500
d) 5000

Q. 8 A Carbon steel insulated vessel is operating in marine weather .

Temperature=160 deg. F. The Insulation is Fiberglass. Considering
the vessel nozzles, the complexity is can be determined as above
average and the insulation condition is average What corrosion
rate is to be used for Damage Factor calculation?
a) 15.6mpy
b) 12.5mpy
c) 19.5mpy
d) 10 mpy
Q. 9 As per API 581, Financial-Based Consequence of $ 200,000 is
categorized as category ------- in consequence catagories:
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D

Q. 9 As per API 581, affected Area of 1600 sq. meters is categorized as

category ------- in Area-Based Consequencec.
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Answer Key

Exam Day 3 (Open book)

Q. No.

Answer

10

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Exam Day 4 (Closed book)
Q.1.

Q.2.

Logic models Event Tree and Fault tree are extensively used in :
a)

Qualitative Analysis

b)

Quantitative Analysis

c)

Used in both a and b

d)

Used in neither a or b

Fault Tree represents a logical model showing

a) Initiation of an event and its consequences
b) Various ways which lead to the occurrence of event
c) Faults in Design and Construction of equipment
d) Faulty in operation and maintenance of the equipment

Q.3.

Q.4.

Typical parameters used for assessing environmental damage are:

a)

Acres of land affected per year

b)

Miles of shoreline affected per year

c)

Number of human-use resources affected

d)

All of above

Determining representative fluid and selecting a set of hole sizes is

essential step in:
a)

Qualitative approach only

b)

Quantitative approach only

c)

Essential for both

d)

Essential for none

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Q.5.

Q.6.

In RBI consequence analysis all releases are modeled in two types,

namely :
a)

Instantaneous release and continuous release

b)

Continuous release and intermittent release

c)

Intermittent release and Instantaneous release

d)

Puff release and Instantaneous release

In RBI consequence analysis, if fluid inside the vessel is liquid but

its boiling point is less than ambient temperature , the phase
considered for consequence analysis will be taken as :
a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Gas

d)

Liquid Gas mixture

Q. 7 Probability of leak of a flammable fluid is 0.002, probability that it will

catch fire is 0.5. What is probability of fire ? ( There is no
solation/detection system)
a)

50%

b)

0.0001

c)

0.001

d)

2%

Q. 8 Which of the following would most unlikely result in Metallurgical

deterioration ?
a)

HTHA

b)

Fatigue

c)

CUI

d)

Chloride SCC
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Q.9 Since RBI is a proven and sound risk management principle; it does
not matter if designs/installations are faulty
a) True
b) False
c) Cannot say

Q. 10 Engineering judgement and experience of the analyst are most

required for which type of RBI assessment
a) Quantitative
b) Qualitative
c) Semi-quantitative
d) All of above

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Answer Key

Exam Day 4 (Closed book)

Q. No.

Answer

10

106

RISK BASED INSPECTION

Final Exam - Day 5 (Closed Book)

Q.1 In POF calculations Generic Failure Frequency needs to be adjusted

by using an adjustment factor which depends on the damage
mechanisms that are active in a component and the type of
inspection performed. This factor is called

Q.2

a)

Inspection factor

b)

Component factor

c)

Safety factor

d)

Damage factor

Identify Correct Statement

a) Properly implemented and correctly monitored RBI generally will result in

Zero Risk
b) Properly implemented RBI will generally leave Residual Risk
c) Properly implemented RBI will give guidance on inspection plan and
inspection intervals.
d) b) and c) above are correct statements
Q.3

Mass of fluid available for release in a pressure vessel consists of

a) Mass of fluid in pressure vessel
b) Mass of fluid in pressure vessel + additional mass
added in 3 minutes as limited to a 203 mm [8 in.]
release hole size.
c) Inventory Group Mass
d) Lower of b) and c)

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Q.4.

Consequence of toxic release area should take into account:

a)

Area for the personnel injury

b)

Area for component damage

c)

Total of Both a) and b)

d)

Lower of a) and b)

Q5. Integrity operating window is:

a) Window provided in the plant wall for operating Process valves
b) Limits for process variables which if changed beyond limits, will
affect integrity of equipment
c) Imaginary boundary enclosing equipment that is subject to same
damage mechanisms
d) None of above
Q.6 Release hole size for rupture for consequence analysis for a 30 dia
pressure vessel Is
a) 4,
b) 30,
c) 16 ,
d) 10
Q.7 In RBI, Sonic and subsonic release is applicable for:
a) Liquid Release only
b) Vapor Release only
c) For both type Releases
d) For None of above releases
Q.8 In RBI API 581 Quantitative analysis, Consequences for which of the
following are considered

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a) Flammable Consequences
b) Toxic Consequences
c) Non-Flammable Non-Toxic Consequences
d) All of above
Q.9 The parameter Art and Severity index SVI determine the damage
factors. Choose correct choice from following.
a) Parameter Art is used for thinning and Severity index SVI for
cracking
b) parameter Art and Severity index SVI both are used for cracking
c) parameter Art and Severity index SVI both are used for thinning
d) Parameter Art is used for cracking and Severity index SVI for
thinning
Q. 10 The lowest temperature at which a fluid mixture can ignite without a
source of ignition is called
a) Auto-Ignition Temperature
b) Ignition Temperature
c) Flash-point Temperature
d) Dew-point Temperature

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Final Exam - Day 5 (Closed Book)
ANSWER KEY

Q. No.

Answer

10

110

RBI FINAL EXAM (OPEN BOOK)

Note : Tick mark Single Most Appropriate option.

Q. 1 In certain flammable product release the outcome was described as

The released liquid collected as a liquid pool of flammable materials
and got ignited. This can typically be called as
a)
b)
c)
d)

Fire ball
Flash Fire
Pool fire
Explosion

Q. 2 A rupture case of 40 inch I. D. reactor is best represented by hole size

of
(a) 4
(b) 16
(c) 1
(d) 24

Q. 3 A Separator has Crude hold up capacity of 1000 kg had a 4 large

leak. The inflow rate during the release is 80 kg/min, Estimate the total
amount of fluid available for release if isolation valve takes 3 minutes to
close
(a) 1500 kg
(b) 1400 kg
(c) 1000 kg
(d) 1240 kg
Q. 4) Characteristic SSC in Austentic S.S generally will be

(a) Transangular, and branching

(b) Intrangular and unidirectional (straight).
(c) Independent of chloride content
(d) None of the above
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Q. 5 Resistance to sulphidation is generally achieved by

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Upgrading to higher nickel Alloys

Upgrading to higher Chrominium Alloys
Upgrading to Higher based copper alloys
All of the above

Q.6 For pool fires, the API RBI method assumes a maximum size of ---------area as limits for the flammable consequence area.
a) 100 feet by 100 feet (10,000 ft2)
b) 100 meter by 100 meter (10,000 m2)
c) 10 feet by 10 feet (100 ft2)
d) 10 meter by 10 meter (100 m2)

Q. 7 In Quantitative Analysis, the holes sizes considered for release

modeling are :
(a) 1,2,4 rupture
(b) , 2, 8 rupture
(c) , 1, 4 and rupture ( max 16)
(d) None of the above.

Q. 8 Probability of leak ( loss of containment) of a flammable fluid is 0.001,

probability that leak will be immediately detected and stopped is 0.03, and
probability that it will catch fire (after it escapes the detection system) is
0.1. What is probability of No fire ?
a)
b)
c)
d)

0.000003
0.999997
0.00003
0.99997

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Q.9 For Caustic Cracking, the Severity index was 5000 and 3 fairly effective
inspections were performed. What will be the damage factor?
a) 50
b) 500
c) 100
d) 20

Q.10 For Chloride SCC, the Severity index was 500 and 2 Usually effective
inspections were performed. What will be the damage factor?
a)
b)
c)

50
500
100

d)

20

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RISK BASED INSPECTION

Final Exam - Day 5 (Open Book)
ANSWER KEY

Q. No.

Answer

10

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API 580: Supplemental Inspection Certification Program

PART 8.

API 580 Code

115