BY
JEAN KEMBLE
Contents
Introduction
Agriculture
Art & Photography
Civil Rights
Crime and Punishment
Demography
Du Bois, W.E.B.
Economics
Education
Entertainment Film, Radio, Theatre
Family
Folklore
Freemasonry
Marcus Garvey
General
Great Depression/New Deal
Great Migration
Health & Medicine
Historiography
Ku Klux Klan
Law
Leadership
Libraries
Lynching & Violence
Military
NAACP
National Urban League
Philanthropy
Politics
Press
Race Relations & The Negro Question
Religion
Riots & Protests
Sport
Transport
Tuskegee Institute
Urban Life
Booker T. Washington
West
Women
Work & Unions
World Wars
States
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Nebraska
Nevada
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Bibliographies/Reference works
Introduction
Since the civil rights movement of the 1960s, African American history, once the
preserve of a few dedicated individuals, has experienced an expansion unprecedented
in historical research. The effect of this on-going, scholarly explosion, in which both
black and white historians are actively engaged, is both manifold and wide-reaching
for in illuminating myriad aspects of African American life and culture from the
colonial period to the very recent past it is simultaneously, and inevitably, enriching
our understanding of the entire fabric of American social, economic, cultural and
political history.
Perhaps not surprisingly the depth and breadth of coverage received by particular
topics and time-periods has so far been uneven. Slavery and the civil rights movement
have benefited from enormous attention; indeed one historian notes that in the 1970s
the historiography of the former witnessed something like an earthquake. Standing
in contrast, however, the period between Reconstruction and Brown v Board of
Education remains relatively underdeveloped.
This guide is intended as a bibliographical tool for all those seeking an introduction to
this period. With the notable exceptions of music and literature, it addresses most
aspects of African American life and history: education, politics, race relations,
religion, women and work are particularly well covered.
The guide includes both periodicals and monographs; the shelf-mark for the latter is
included in parentheses at the end of each citation. The majority of works are housed
at the British Library at St Pancras, London. A shelf-mark prefaced by DSC
indicates that the work is held at Boston Spa but may be read in London.
AGRICULTURE
ABRAMOWITZ, Jack. The Negro in the Agrarian Revolt, Agricultural History 24
(1950): 89-95.
BOSTON, Thomas D. Capitalism and Afro-American Land Tenancy, Science and
Society 46:4 (1982-83): 445-460.
BROWN, Minnie Miller. Black Women in American Agriculture, Agricultural
History 50 (January 1976): 247, 251-52.
COHEN, William. Negro Involuntary Servitude in the South, 1865-1940: a
Preliminary Analysis, Journal of Southern History 42 (1976): 31-60.
COLEMAN, A. Lee and Larry D. Hall. Black Farm Operators and Farm Populations,
1900-1970: Alabama and Kentucky, Phylon 40:4 (1979): 387-402.
COMAN, Katherine. The Negro as Peasant Farmer, American Statistical
Association Publications 9 (June 1904): 39-54.
CROSBY, Earl W. The Struggle for Existence: the Institutionalization of the Black
County Agent System, Agricultural History 60:2 (1986): 123-136.
DANIEL, Pete. The Metamorphosis of Slavery, 1865-1900, Journal of American
History 66 (1979): 88-99.
------------ The Shadow of Slavery: Peonage in the South, 1901-1969. London;
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973. (X.708/10108)
DAVIS, Ronald L.F. Good and Faithful Labor: from Slavery to Sharecropping in the
Natchez District, 1860-1890. Westport; London: Greenwood, 1982. (X.529/54591)
DILLINGHAM, Pitt. Land Tenure among the Negroes, Yale Review 5 (Aug. 1896):
190-206.
EDWARDS, Thomas J. The Tenant System and some Changes since Emancipation,
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 49 (Sept. 1913): 3846.
FLIGSTEIN, Neil. The Transformation of Southern Agriculture and the Migration of
Blacks and Whites, 1930-1940, International Migration Review 17:2 (1983): 268290.
FRISSELL, N.B. Southern Agriculture and the Negro Farmer, American Statistical
Association Publications 13 (March 1912): 65-70.
HIGGS, Robert. Did Southern Farmers Discriminate? Agricultural History 46
(April 1972): 325-328.
MILLER, Floyd J. Black Protest and White Leadership: a Note on the Colored
Farmers Alliance, Phylon 33 (1972): 169-174.
NIEMAN, Donald G., ed. From Slavery to Sharecropping: White Land and Black
Labor in the Rural South, 1865-1900. New York; London: Garland, 1994.
(YC.1994.b.3670)
POPE, Christie Farnham. Southern Homesteads for Negroes, Agricultural History
44 (April 1970): 201-212.
REID, Joseph D. Sharecropping as an Understandable Market Response: the PostBellum South, Journal of Economic History 33 (March 1973): 106-130.
RIDDLE, Wesley Allen. The Origins of Black Sharecropping, Mississippi
Quarterly 49:1 (1995-96): 53-71.
SEAGRAVE, Charles E. The Southern Negro Agricultural Worker: 1850-1870,
Journal of Economic History 31 (March 1971): 279-280.
SEALS, R. Grant. The Formation of Agricultural and Rural Development Policy
with Emphasis on African Americans: II the Hatch-George and Smith-Lever Acts,
Agricultural History 65:2 (1991): 12-34.
SMITH, R.L. The Elevation of Negro Farm Life, Independent 52 (Aug. 30, 1900):
2103-2106.
SPRIGGS, William Edward. The Virginia Farmers Alliance: a Case Study of Race
and Class Identity, Journal of Negro History 64:3 (1979): 191-204.
STINE, Linda France. Social Inequality and Turn-of-the-Century Farmsteads: Issues
of Class, Status, Ethnicity and Race, Historical Archaeology 24:4 (1990): 37-49.
STONE, Alfred Holt. Negro Labor and the Boll Weevil, Annals of the American
Academy of Political and Social Science 33 (March 1909): 167-174.
------------- The Negro and Agricultural Development, Annals of the American
Academy of Political and Social Science 35 (Jan. 1910): 8-15.
STRICKLAND, Arvarh E. The Strange Affair of the Boll Weevil: the Pest as
Liberator, Agricultural History 68:2 (1994): 157-168.
UNITED STATES Departments of State and Public Institutions. Better Homes for
Negro Farm Families: a Handbook for Teachers. Washington, 1947. (A.S.205/36)
WIENER, Jonathan M. Planter Persistence and Social Change, 1850-1970, Journal
of Interdisciplinary History 7 (1976): 235-60.
WILLEY, D. Allen. The Negro and the Soil, Arena 23 (May 1900): 553-560.
ART-PHOTOGRAPHY
AFRO-AMERICAN ARTISTS, 1800-1950, Ebony 23 (1967): 116-22.
AMERICAN NEGRO ART, New Masses 30 (Dec. 1941): 27.
AN ART EXHIBIT AGAINST LYNCHING, Crisis (April 1935): 107.
ARTIS, David. Pictures of Progress, Black Scholar 22:4 (1992): 42-47.
BAKER, James H., Jr. Art comes to the People of Harlem, Crisis (March 1939): 7880.
BARNES, Albert C. Negro Art and America, Survey (1 March 1925): 668-69.
BEARDEN, Romare. A History of African-American Artists, from 1792 to the
Present. New York: Pantheon Books, 1993. (LB.31.c.7551)
------------ The Negro Artist and Modern Art, Opportunity (December 1934): 37172. (P.803/317)
------------ The Negro Artists Dilemma, Critique: a Review of Contemporary Art
1:2 (November 1946): 16-22.
BEMENT, Alon. Some Notes on a Harlem Art Exhibit, Opportunity (Nov. 1933).
(P.803/317)
BENNETT, Mary. The Harmon Awards, Opportunity (February 1929): 65-66.
(P.803/317)
BLACK ART, ANCESTRAL LEGACY: the Africa Impulse in African-American
Art. Dallas: Dallas Museum of Art, 1989. (DSC: f90/0475)
(CHECK pre-1954) INGE, M. Thomas. Dark Laughter: the Satiric Art of Oliver W.
Harrington from the Walter O. Evans Collection of African-American Art. Jackson:
University of Mississippi Press, 1993. (YC.1994.b.3186)
JOHNSON, Eloise E. Rediscovering the Harlem Renaissance: the Politics of
Exclusion. New York; London: Garland, 1997. (DSC: 99/17577)
JOSEPH, Ronald. The New York Years: Interview with Ronald Joseph, Black
American Literature Forum 23:4 (1989): 723-738.
JUBILEE, Vincent. The Barnes Foundation: Pioneer Patron of Black Artists,
Journal of Negro Education 51:1 (1982): 40-49.
KIRSCHENBAUM, Blossom S. Nancy Elizabeth Prophet, Sculptor, Sage 4:1
(1987): 45-52.
KIRSCHKE, Amy Helene. Aaron Douglas: Art, Race, and the Harlem Renaissance.
Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1995. (YC.1996.b.478)
LaDUKE, Betty. The Grand Dame of Afro-American Art: Lois Mailon Jones, Sage
4:1 (1987): 53-58.
LEWIS, David. Thaddeus Mosley: African-American Sculptor. Pittsburgh: Carnegie
Museum of Art, 1997. (YC.1998.b.7146)
LEWIS, Samella. African American Art and Artists. Berkeley; London: University of
California Press, 1990. (YC.1994.b.4513)
------------ Art, African American. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978.
(X.410/10357)
LIVINGSTON, Jane. Black Folk Art in America, 1930-1980. Jackson: University
Press of Mississippi, 1982. (YC.1994.b.5155)
LOCKE, Alain Leroy. American Negro as Artist, American Magazine of Art 23
(September 1931): 210-20.
------------ Negro Art: Past and Present. Washington, DC: Associates in Negro Folk
Education, 1936. (Mic.A.11827)
------------ The Negro in Art: a Pictorial Record of the Negro Artist and of the Negro
Theme in Art. Washington: Associates in Negro Folk Education, 1940. (7801.dd.8)
LYONS, Mary E. Deep Blues: Bill Traylor, Self-Taught Artist. New York: Scribners;
Oxford: Maxwell Macmillan International, 1994. (LB.31.a.5851)
McCAUSLAND, Elizabeth. Jacob Lawrence, Magazine of Art 38 (November
1945): 250-54.
McELROY, Guy C. Facing History: the Black Image in American Art, 1710-1940.
San Francisco: Bedford Arts; Washington, DC: Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1990.
(LB.31.b.6992)
MILLER, Kelly. The Artistic Gifts of the Negro, Voice of the Negro III (April
1906): 254.
MOORE, Joe Louis. In our Image: Black Artists in California, 1880-1970,
California History 75:3 (1996): 264-271.
PATTERSON, Lindsay. The Negro in Music and Art. New York: ASNLH, 1967.
(YA.1998.b.1819)
PATTON, Sharon F. African-American Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
(YC.1999.b.4833)
------------ and Mary Schmidt Campbell. Memory and Metaphor: the Art of Romare
Bearden, 1940-1987. New York: Studio Museum in Harlem, 1991. (DSC:
q91/12988)
PARRY, Ellwood. The Image of the Indian and the Black Man in American Art. New
York: George Braziller, 1974. (X.421/9738)
PEEK, Phil. Afro-American Material Culture and the Afro-American Craftsman,
Southern Folklore Quarterly 42:2-3 (1978): 109-134.
PERKINS, Kathy A. The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller, Black American
Literature Forum 24:1 (1990): 65-72.
PERRY, Reginia A. Selections of Nineteenth-Century Afro-American Art: Catalogue
of an Exhibition held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, June 19-August
1, 1976. New York: The Museum, 1976. (X.410/10113)
PORTER, James Amos. Modern Negro Art. New York: Dryden Press, 1943.
(7801.aa.21)
POWELL, Richard J. Black Art and Culture in the 20th Century. London: Thames
and Hudson, 1997. (YC.1997.a.1911)
------------ Homecoming: the Art and Life of William H. Johnson. Washington, DC:
National Museum of Art, 1991. (LB.31.b.6864)
------------ William H. Johnson: No Longer Invisible, American Visions 6:5 (1991):
14-19.
ROMARE BEARDEN, 1911-1988: a Memorial Exhibition. New York: ACA
Galleries, 1989. (DSC: q96/26301)
WOODALL, Elaine D. Looking Backward: Archibald J. Motley and the Art Institute
of Chicago, 1914-1930, Chicago History 8:1 (1979): 53-57.
WOODRUFF, Hale. My Meeting with Henry O. Tanner, Crisis 77 (January 1970):
7-12.
------------ Negro Artists hold Fourth Annual in Atlanta, Art Digest (15 April 1945):
WOODS, Naurice Frank. Lending Color to the Canvas: Henry O. Tanners African
American Theme, American Visions 6:1 (1991): 14-20.
CIVIL RIGHTS
ALLEN, James Stewart. Negro Liberation. New York: International Pamphlets, 1932.
(X.529/40446)
AMES, William C. The Negro Struggle for Equality in the Twentieth Century.
Boston; London: D.C. Heath, 1965. (X.709/3310)
AVERY, Sheldon. Up from Washington: William Pickens and the Negro Struggle for
Equality, 1900-1954. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1989.
(YC.1993.b.1014)
BARNES, Clive. Impatient for Justice: Black Americans, 1945-1985. Harlow:
Longman, 1992. (YK.1994.b.2127)
BICKERSTAFF, Joyce and Wilber C. Rich. Mrs Roosevelt and Mrs Bethune:
Collaborators for Racial Justice, Social Education 48:7 (1984): 532-535.
BLAUSTEIN, Albert Paul and Robert L. Zangrando. Civil Rights and African
Americans: a Documentary History. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1991.
(X.700/5419)
BRISBANE, Robert Hughes. The Black Vanguard: Origins of the Negro Social
Revolution, 1900-1960. Valley Forge: Judson Press, 1970. (X.809/12023)
CASHMAN, Sean Dennis. African-Americans and the Quest for Civil Rights, 19001990. New York: New York University Press, 1991. (DSC: 92/02265)
COOK, Robert. Sweet Land of Liberty? The African-American Struggle for Civil
Rights in the Twentieth Century. London: Longman, 1998. (YC.1997.a.3967)
CRAWFORD, Vicki L., Jacqueline Anne Rouse, and Barbara Woods, eds. Women in
the Civil Rights Movement: Trailblazers and Torchbearers, 1941-1965. Brooklyn:
Carlson, 1990. (YA.1992.b.4526)
FAIRCLOUGH, Adam. Race & Democracy: the Civil Rights Struggle in Louisiana,
1915-1972. Athens; London: University of Georgia Press, 1995. (YC.1999.b.3942)
FRANKLIN, John Hope. The Negro in the Twentieth Century America: a Reader on
the Struggle for Civil Rights. New York: Random House, 1967. (X.700/9942)
FRANKLIN, Vincent P. Black Self-Determination: a Cultural History of AfricanAmerican Resistance. Brooklyn: Lawrence Hill Books, 1992. (YA.1993.a.20411)
GRAFTON, Carl. James E. Folsom and Civil Liberties in Alabama, Alabama
Review 32:1 (1979): 3-27.
HENRY, Charles P. Ralph Bunche: Model Negro or American Other? New York;
London: New York University Press, 1999. (YC.1999.b.4281)
HONEY, Michael. Labor Leadership and Civil Rights in the South: a Case Study of
the CIO in Memphis, 1935-1955, Studies in History and Politics 5 (1986): 97-120.
------------ Southern Labor and Black Civil Rights: Organizing Memphis Workers.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993. (DSC: 96/18289)
HOWARD, John R. The Shifting Wind: the Supreme Court and Civil Rights from
Reconstruction to Brown. Albany: State University of New York, 1999.
(YC.1999.a.2141)
KELLOGG, Peter J. Civil Rights Consciousness in the 1940s, Historian 42:1
(1979): 18-41.
LEVINE, Michael L. African Americans and Civil Rights: from 1619 to the Present.
Phoenix: Oryx, 1996. (YC.1997.b.3855)
LOWERY, Charles D. and John F. Marszalek, eds. Encyclopedia of African-American
Civil Rights: from Emancipation to the Present. New York; London: Greenwood
Press, 1992. (YC.1993.b.1323)
McKISSACK, Patricia C. Ida B. Wells: a Voice against Violence. Hillside; Aldershot:
Enslow, 1991. (YK.1993.a.8032)
McMURRAY, Linda O. To Keep the Waters Troubled: the Life of Ida B. Wells. New
York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. (YC.2000.a.5262)
McNEIL, Genna Rae. Groundwork: Charles Hamilton Houston and the Struggle for
Civil Rights. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983. (X.800/36676)
MANIS, Andrew Michael. Southern Religions in Conflict: Black and White Baptists
and Civil Rights, 1947-1957. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1987.
(YA.1993.b.7579)
BAIN, Graham C.B. Crime, the American Negro and the Urban Native in South
Africa. Pretoria, 1938. (012213.c.3/31)
BUTLER, Anne M. Still in Chains: Black Women in Western Prisons, 1865-1910,
Western Historical Quarterly 20:1 (1989): 18-35.
CHAMBERLAIN, Bernard Peyton. The Negro and Crime in Virginia. Charlottesville:
University of Virginia, 1936. (Mic.A.16001)
DU BOIS, W.E.B. Some Notes on Negro Crime Particularly in Georgia: Report of a
Social Study, 24 May 1904. (Repr.) New York: Arno Press, 1968.
(YA.1992.b.1677(5))
LANE, Roger. Roots of Violence in Black Philadelphia, 1860-1900. Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 1986. (DSC: 86/10005)
LICHTENSTEIN, Alex. Good Roads and Chain Gangs in the Progressive South:
The Negro Convict as Slave, Journal of Southern History 59:1 (1993): 85-110.
LIGHTFOOT, Robert Mitchell. Negro Crime in a Small, Urban Community.
Charlottesville: University of Virginia, 1934. (Mic.A.16025)
McKELVEY, Blake. A Half Century of Southern Penal Exploitation, Social Forces
13 (1934): 113-119.
MYERS, Samuel L., Jr. Black Unemployment and its Link to Crime, Urban League
Review 10:1 (1986): 98-105.
RABINOWITZ, Howard N. The Conflict between Blacks and the Police in the
Urban South, 1865-1900, Historian 39 (1976): 62-78.
SCHATZBERG, Rufus. African-American Organized Crime: a Social History. New
York; London: Garland Publishing, 1996. (YC.1996.a.2507)
-------------- Black Organized Crime in Harlem, 1920-1930. New York; London:
Garland, 1993. (YC.1993.b.5737)
SHELDON, Randall G. From Slave to Caste Society: Penal Changes in Tennessee,
1830-1915, Tennessee Historical Quarterly 38 (1979): 462-78.
TAYLOR, A. Elizabeth. The Origin and Development of the Convict Lease System
System in Georgia, Georgia Historical Quarterly 26 (1942): 113-28.
TAYLOR, William Banks. Brokered Justice: Race, Politics, and Mississippi Prisons,
1798-1992. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1993. (YC.1994.b.4483)
WILLCOX, Walter F. Negro Criminality, Review of Black Political Economy 16:12 (1987): 33-45.
ELLIS, Mark. Closing Ranks and Seeking Honors: W.E.B. Du Bois in World
War I, Journal of American History 79:1 (1992): 96-124.
FONER, Eric. W.E.B. Du Bois Speaks: Speeches and Addresses, 1920-1963. New
York; London: Pathfinder, 1970. (YC.1994.a.3141)
GATES, Henry Louis, Jr., ed. The Souls of Black Folk: Authoritative Text, Contexts,
Criticism. New York; London: W.W. Norton, 1999. (YC.1999.a.3335)
GREEN, Dan S. and Edwin D. Driver. W.E.B. Du Bois on Sociology and the Black
Community. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press, 1978. (X.529/21442)
HARDING, Vincent. W.E.B. Du Bois and the Black Messianic Vision,
Freedomways 9 (1969): 44-58.
HARRIS, Thomas E. Analysis of the Clash over the Issues between Booker T.
Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. New York; London: Garland Publishing, 1993.
(YC.1993.b.8079)
HIGBEE, Mark David. W.E.B. Du Bois, F.B. Ransom, the Madam Walker Comany
and Black Business Leadership in the 1930s, Indiana Magazine of History 89:2
(1993): 101-124.
HOLT, Thomas C. The Political Uses of Alienation: W.E.B. Du Bois on Politics,
Race and Culture, 1903-1940, American Quarterly 42:2 (1990): 301-323.
HORNE, Gerald. Black and Red: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Afro-American Response to
the Cold War, 1944-63. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986.
(YC.1987.a.8912)
JUDY, Ronald A.T. The New Black Aesthetic and W.E.B. Du Bois, or Hephaesthus,
Limping, Massachusetts Review 35:2 (1994): 249-282.
KATZ, Michael B. and Thomas Sugrue. W.E.B. DuBois, Race and the City: the
Philadelphia Negro and its Legacy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press,
1998. (YA.1998.b.5135)
LANGE, Werner J. W.E.B. Du Bois and the First Scientific Study of Afro-America,
Phylon 44:2 (1983): 135-146.
LEWIS, David Levering. W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919. Henry
Holt, 1993. (DSC: 94/02880)
MARABLE, Manning. The Black Faith of W.E.B. DuBois: Socio-Cultural and
Political Dimensions of Black Religion, Southern Quarterly 23:3 (1985): 15-33.
------------ W.E.B. Du Bois: Black Radical Democrat. Boston: Twayne, 1986.
(YH.1988.b.430)
ABBOTT, Lyman. The South and Education, Outlook 27 (July 1907): 634-39.
ADELEKE, Tunde. Martin Delaneys Philosophy of Education: a Neglected Aspect
of African American Liberation Thought, Journal of Negro Education 63:2 (1994):
221-236.
AKENSON, James E. and Harvey G. Neufeldt. Alabamas Illiteracy Campaign for
Black Adults, 1915-1930, an Analysis, Journal of Negro Education 54:2 (1985):
189-195.
ALEXANDER, E. Curtis. Richard Allen: the First Exemplar of African American
Education. New York: ECA Associates, 1985. (YA.1987.a.19693)
ANDERSON, Eric. Dangerous Donations: Northern Philanthropy and Southern
Black Education, 1902-1930. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1999. (DSC:
99/37497)
ANDERSON, James D. The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935. Chapel
Hill; London: University of North Carolina Press, 1988. (YH.1989.b.585)
------------ Northern Foundations and Southern Rural Black Education, 1902-1935,
History of Education Quarterly 18 (Winter 1978): 371-96.
APTHEKER, Herbert. Literacy, The Negro and World War II, Journal of Negro
Education 15 (1946): 595-602.
------------ The Negro College Student in the 1920s--Years of Preparation and Protest,
an Introduction, Science and Society 33 (Spring 1969): 150-67.
ARMSTRONG, Byron K. Factors in the Formulation of Collegiate Programs for
Negroes: a Dissertation. Ann Arbor: Edwards Bros., 1939. (8385.k.53)
ARMSTRONG, M.F. Hampton, Virginia and its Students. New York: G.P. Putnams
Sons, 1874. (8176.aa.5)
BADGER, Henry C. Negro Colleges and Universities, 1900-1950, Journal of Negro
Education 21 (Winter 1952): 89-93.
BAKER, Scott. Testing Equality: the National Teaching Examination and the
NAACPs Legal Campaign to Equalize Teachers Salaries in the South, 1936-63,
History of Education Quarterly 35:1 (1995): 49-64.
BALDWIN, William H., Jr. The Present Problem of Negro Education, Journal of
Social Science 37 (Dec. 1899): 52-63.
BARKSDALE, James Worsham. A Comparative Study of Contemporary White and
Negro Standards in Health, Education and Welfare, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Charlottseville: University of Virginia, 1950. (Mic.A.16201/2(9))
CLEMENT, Rufus E. The Church School as a Social Factor in Negro Life, Journal
of Negro History 12 (Jan. 1927): 5-12.
CLARK, Felton Grandison. The Control of State-Supported Teacher-Training
Programs for Negroes. New York: Columbia University Teachers College, 1934.
(08385.f.50)
COLLINS, Rev. C.T. Southern Education. In Charles E. Bolton, Twelve Books for the
People, 1882. (12203.cc.34)
COOPER, Annie. We Rise upon the Structures We Ourselves Have Builded:
William H. Holtzclaw and the Utica Institute, 1903-1915, Journal of Mississippi
History 47:1 (1985): 15-33.
COTTON, Ella Earls. A Spark for my People: the Sociological Autobiography of a
Negro Teacher. New York: Exposition Press, 1954. (010608.ff.1)
CRAIG, Lee A. Constrained Resource Allocation and the Investment in the
Education of Black Americans: the 1890 Land-Grant Colleges, Agricultural History
65:2 (1991): 73-84.
CUTHBERT, Marion V. Education and Marginality: a Study of the Negro Woman
College Graduate. New York, 1942. (Mic.A.13595)
DABNEY, Lillian Gertrude. The History of Schools for Negroes in the District of
Columbia, 1807-1947: a Dissertation. Washington: Catholic University Press of
America, 1949. (08385.i.58)
DAVIS, William Riley. The Development and Present Status of Negro Education in
East Texas: a Thesis. New York: Columbia University Teachers College, 1934.
(08385.e.112)
DE FOREST, Henry S. Does Higher Education Benefit the Negro, American
Missionary 41 (Mar. 1887): 71-73.
DENTON, Virginia Lantz. Booker T. Washington and the Adult Education Movement.
Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1993. (YC.1993.b.7918)
DEWS, Margery P. F.H. Henderson and Howard Normal School, Georgia
Historical Quarterly 63:3 (1979): 252-263.
DIEPENBROCK, David. Black Women and Oberlin College in the Age of Jim
Crow, UCLA Historical Journal 13 (1993): 27-59.
DU BOIS, W.E.B. and Augustus Granville Dill. The College-Bred Negro American.
Atlanta: Atlanta University Press, 1910. (Ac.2685.b.[no.15])
------------ The Common School and the Negro American, 1911. (Repr.) New York:
Arno Press, 1968. (YA.1992.b.1677(10))
ELMORE, Inez K. The Story of a Great Pioneer in Black Education, Bennie Carl
Elmore, 1909-1973. (X.529/34457)
FASS, Paula S. Outside In: Minorities and the Transformation of American
Education. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. (YH.1990.b.332)
FAVROT, Leo M. County Training Schools for Negroes in the South: Summary of
Findings and Recommendation, Journal of Rural Education 3 (Nov. 1923): 133-34.
FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY. National Survey of the Higher Education of
Negroes. Washington, 1942. (A.S.202/24)
FINKENBINE, Roy E. Our Little Circle: Benevolent Reformers, the Slater Fund
and the Argument for Black Independent Education, 1882-1908, Hayes Historical
Journal 6:1 (1986): 6-22.
FISHBACK, Price V. Can Competition among Employers Reduce Governmental
Discrimination? Coal Companies and Segregated Schools in West Virginia in the
Early 1900s, Journal of Law & Society 32:2:i (1989): 311-328.
FLEMING, Cynthia Grigg. The Effect of Higher Education on Black Tennesseans
after the Civil War, Phylon 44:3 (1983): 209-216.
------------- Knoxville College: a History and some Recollections of the First Fifty
Years, 1875-1925, East Tennessee Historical Societys Publications 58-59 (198687): 89-111.
------------ A Survey of the Beginnings of Tennessees Black Colleges and
Universities, 1865-1920, Tennessee Historical Quarterly 39 (Summer 1980): 195207.
FOREMAN, Clark Howell. Environmental Factors in Negro Education. New York:
W.W. Norton & Co., 1932. (08385.f.59)
FRANKLIN, John Hope. Jim Crow goes to School: the Genesis of Legal Segregation
in Southern Schools, South Atlantic Quarterly 58 (Spring 1959): 225-35.
FRANKLIN, Vincent P. The Education of Black Philadelphia: the Social and
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GREAT MIGRATION
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KU KLUX KLAN
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MILITARY
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ALLEN, Robert L. Black Scholar Research Leads to Navy Review: Justice Upheld in
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DALFIUME, Richard M. Desegregation of the U.S. Armed Forces: Fighting on Two
Fronts, 1939-1953. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1969. (X.809/10878)
------------ Military Segregation and the 1940 Presidential Election, Phylon 30
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DAVENPORT, Roy K. Implications of Military Selection and Classification in
Relation to Universal Military Training, Journal of Negro Education 15 (1946): 590.
------------ The Negro in the Army: a Subject of Research, Journal of Social Issues 3
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DAVIS, John W. The Negro in the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Coast
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Adversity with Dignity, American Visions 6:6 (1991): 26-28.
FERGUSON, George O. The Intelligence of Negroes at Camp Lee, Virginia, School
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FLETCHER, Marvin. Americas First Black General: Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., 18801970. University Press of Kansas, 1989. (YC.1990.a.2106)
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FLYNN, George Q. Selective Service and American Blacks during World War II,
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FOWLER, Arlen L. The Black Infantry in the West, 1869-1891. Norman; London:
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GARVIN, Charles. The Negro and the Special Services of the United States Army:
Medical Corps, Dental Corps and Nurses Corps, Journal of Negro Education 12
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GATEWOOD, Willard Badgette. John Hank Alexander of Arkansas: Second Black
Graduate of West Point, Arkansas Historical Quarterly 41:2 (1982): 103-128.
------------- Smoked Yankees: and the Struggle for Empire: Letters from Negro
Soldiers, 1898-1902. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971. (X.800/6399)
KRYDER, Daniel. Race Policy, Race Violence and Race Reform in the US Army
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LOVEWELL, Reinette. Backing the Negro Troops, Southern Workman 47 (1917):
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McCHRISTIAN, Douglas C. Dress on the Color Boys: Black Non-Commissioned
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McGUIRE, Phillip. He, too, Spoke for Democracy: Judge Hastie, World War II and
the Black Soldier. New York; London: Greenwood, 1988. (YC.1988.b.3877)
------------ Judge William Henry Hastie and Military Homophobia, 1940-1943,
Journal of the Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society 4:3 (1983): 127135.
------------ Taps for a Jim Crow Army: Letters from Black Soldiers in World War II.
Santa Barbara; Oxford: ABC-Clio, 1983. (X.800/36332)
MOEBS, Thomas Truxton. Black Soldiers, Black Sailors, Black Ink: Research Guide
on African-Americans in US Military History, 1526-1900. Chesapeake Bay: Moebs
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MORMINO, Gary R. GI Joe Meets Jim Crow: Racial Violence and Reform in World
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MUELLER, William G. The Negro in the Navy, Social Forces 24 (1945): 110-115.
MURRAY, Paul Thom. Blacks and the Draft: a History of Institutional Racism,
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NALTY, Bernard C. Strength for the Fight: a History of Black Americans in the
Military. New York: Free Press; London: Collier Macmillan, 1986. (DSC: 86/15604)
------------ and Morris J. MacGregor. Blacks in the Military: Essential Documents.
Wilmington: Scholarly Resources, 1981. (DSC: 82/08693)
NEGRO IN THE WAR: HOW FRENCH AND AMERICAN BLACK TROOPS
PERFORMED DEEDS OF VALOR ON MANY BATTLEFIELDS, Current History
11 (1919): 536-541.
NICHOLS, Lee. Breakthrough on the Color Front: on the Position of Negroes in the
Armed Forces of the U.S.A. New York: Random House, 1954. (8140.g.9)
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OSUR, Alan M. Blacks in the Army Air Force during World War II: the Problem of
Race Relations. Washington, DC: GPO, 1977. (A.S.583/36)
PALMER, Annette. Black American Soldiers in Trinidad, 1942-44: Wartime Politics
in a Colonial Society, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 14:3 (1986):
203-218.
------------ The Politics of Race and War: Black American Soldiers in the Caribbean
Theater during the Second World War, Military Affairs 47:2 (1983): 59-62.
PARKS, Robert J. The Development of Segregation in U.S. Army Hospitals, 19401942, Military Affairs 37 (1973): 145-150.
PASZEK, Lawrence J. Negroes and the Air Force, 1939-1949, Military Affairs 31
(1967): 1-10.
PATTON, Gerald W. War and Race: the Black Officer in the American Military,
1915-1941. Westport; London: Greenwood Press, 1981. (X.529/47051)
POLING, Daniel A. Physically Competent and Morally Fit, Outlook 119 (July 10,
1918): 415-417.
PRATTIS, P.L. The Morale of the Negro in the Armed Services of the United
States, Journal of Negro Education 12 (1943): 355-363.
PUTNEY, Martha S. When the Nation was in Need: Blacks in the Womens Army
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(YC.1993.a.2441)
REDDICK, Lawrence D. The Negro in the United States Navy during World War
II, Journal of Negro History 22 (1947): 201-219.
------------ The Negro Policy of the United States Army, 1775-1945, Journal of
Negro History 34 (1949): 9-29.
------------ The Relative Status of the Negro in the American Armed Forces, Journal
of Negro Education 22 (1953): 380-387.
REMINGTON, Frederic. A Scout with the Buffalo Soldiers, Pacific Historian 12
(1968): 25-39.
REYNOLDS, David. The Churchill Government and the Black American Troops in
Britain during World War II, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 35 (1985):
113-133.
RIPLEY, Herbert S., et al. Mental Illness among Negro Troops Overseas, The
American Journal of Psychiatry 103 (1947): 499-512.
ROBERTS, Harry W. Prior Service Attitudes toward Whites of 219 Negro
Veterans, Journal of Negro Education 22 (1953): 455-465.
ROSE, Arnold. Army Policies toward Negro Soldiers, Journal of Social Issues 3
(1947): 26-31.
SANDLER, Stanley. Homefront Battlefront: Racial Disturbances in the Zone of the
Interior, 1941-1945, War & Society 11:2 (1993): 101-115.
SAUNDERS, Kay. Conflict between the American and Australian Governments over
the Introduction of Black Servicemen into Austrlia during World War II, Australian
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SPINGARN, Arthur E. The War and Venereal Disease among Negroes, Social
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1930-1945. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1969. (X.700/7306)
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