Chapter 1:

Introduction to Industrial
Engineering

By: Mohd.Najib Janon

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Definition of Industrial Engineering

Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering that

concerns the development, improvement, implementation
and evaluation of integrated systems of people, money,
knowledge, information, equipment, energy, material and
process.

Industrial engineering draws upon the principles and

methods of engineering analysis and synthesis, as well as
mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the
principles and methods of engineering analysis and design
to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained
from such systems.

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What does an Industrial Engineer do?

Industrial Engineers figure out how to do things better.

The engineer analyze the process and systems to improve quality

and productivity.

They work to eliminate waste of time, money, materials and various

resources.

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What does an Industrial Engineer do?

(Cont.)

While engineers from other disciplines apply their skills to very specific areas, the
Industrial Engineer has the opportunity to work in a variety of businesses. (Quality,
Design, Manufacturing etc.)

The most distinctive aspect of Industrial System Engineering (ISE) training is the
flexibility and versatility it can offer. Whether it is improving product quality, planning
manufacturing resources or designing logistics distribution channels, all share the
common objective of cost-cutting, increasing efficiencies and ultimately driving up
the profit margins.

That is why more and more companies are hiring Industrial Engineers and then
promoting them into management positions.

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What is Unique about Industrial

Engineering?
Engineering

The domain knowledge of Industrial Engineering (IE) is

derived from combinations of:

engineering, mathematics, statistics, computing and social sciences.

The IE discipline calls for the adoption of a holistic view in

resolving problems encountered and developing
opportunities presented, coupled with a strong emphasis on
efficiency and productivity improvement.

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What is Unique about Industrial

Engineering? (Cont.)
Its application can be found in a wide range of areas. Some examples are:

Manufacturing

industry: Ensuring that the equipment, manpower and

other resources in the manufacturing process are integrated in such a
manner so as to maintain efficient operation and for continuous
improvement.

Logistics

industry: Management of supply chain systems (e.g.

manufacturing facilities, transportation carriers, distribution hubs, and
retailers) through integration and optimization with the goal of fulfilling
customer orders in the most cost effective way.

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What is Unique about Industrial

Engineering? (Cont.)

Service

industry: Provision of consultancies in areas related to

organizational effectiveness, service quality, information systems, project
management, banking service strategy, etc.

Defence

industry: Tools to support the management of military assets

and military operations in an effective and efficient manner.

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Evolution of Industrial Engineering

Industrial & Systems

Engineering

Industrial Engineering

Scientific Mgmt

1900

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1920 1930s

Industrial Engineering

1970s

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Relationship of IE to other engineering and

scientific disciplines

(source:Turner et. al, 1993)

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Jobs and functions performed by

Industrial Engineers

Investigate problems relating to component quality or difficulties in

meeting design and method constraints.

Investigate problems with the performance of processes or machines.

Implement design changes at the appropriate times.

Analysis of the complete product design to determine the way the

whole process should be split into steps, or operations, and whether to
produce sub-assemblies at certain points in the whole process.

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Jobs and functions performed by

Industrial Engineers (Cont.)

Specification of the method to be used to manufacture or assemble the

product(s) at each operation. This includes the machines, tooling, jigs and
fixtures and safety equipment, which may have to be designed and built.

Measurement or calculation of the time required to perform the specified

method, taking account of the skills of the operator. This is used to cost the
operation performed, to allow balancing of assembly or machining flow lines or
the assessment of the manufacturing capacity required. This technique is
known as work study or time and motion studies. These times are also used in
value analysis.

Specification of the storage, handling and transportation methods and

equipment required for components and finished product, and at any
intermediate stages throughout the whole process. This should eliminate the
possibility for damage and minimize the space required.

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Useful Links
www.iienet.org
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_engineering
www.informs.org
www.asq.org
www.scienceofbetter.org

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