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Domingo, Shekinah Mizpah A.

2012-00589-MN-0

I.

November 16, 2015


Architect Anthony Yan

Difference between Urban Design, Urban Planning and Site Planning


Urban design, urban planning and site planning are distinct

yet

complementary disciplines. Urban Design is generally working with the physical form
of cities. It involves integrating and incorporating information into a socially,
economically and environmentally viable and applicable creation. Primarily, the work
in urban design is more on a visual and mostly micro-scaled output. Meaning, there
is a greater precision of details expected. The orientation of Urban Design is both
aesthetic and functional, putting it somewhere between arts, whose object is beauty.
The treatment of space in urban design is three-dimensional, with vertical elements
as important as horizontal ones. Its scale is primarily that of the street, park, or transit
stop, as opposed to the larger region, community, or activity center, which are
foremost in urban planning. However, urban design also involves the design and
coordination of all that makes up cities specifically 5 elements.
The elements of Urban Design are buildings that shape and articulate space,
creating a sense of place; public space that is considered the 'living room' of a city
where people come together; streets allowing connections between spaces and
places; transport that enables movement throughout the city and landscape.
While urban design is more of creation, planning is more on rationalization.
Urban planning is generally working with policy that shapes urban development. It
deals with analyzing, collecting, interpreting data, detecting problems and suggesting
solutions. Urban Planners work on a larger scale and mostly work on statistics. They
deal with financial planning, economic planning, transportation planning, services that
Urban Designers don't work on. The object of Urban Planning is utility and is
customarily a 2-dimensional activity, with most plans visually represented in plan
view, not model, section, or elevation.
The essential difference between urban planning and urban design is simply
that the urban planning makes provision for known spatial arrangements of known
forms like land use, transport, open space or infrastructure that are reliant upon the
effects of known forms of exchange (particular industries, e.g. property development,
housing, infrastructure, social and government services), and urban design makes
imagined spatial arrangements like village hearts, green lungs, quay-sides, urban
boulevards, housing typologies, single-loaded dwellings, the realization of which are
reliant upon the effects of the very same known forms of exchange.

Planning 3 Assignment 1 | 1

In simple terms, Planning focuses on land use, rather than the use of living;
on housing provision rather than a concept of home. Urban design focuses on how
land is to be used, with little regard to who it may be for; on housing typologies with
little inquiry into how housing is or could be delivered.
On the other hand, Site planning is the art and science of arranging the
structures on the land and shaping the spaces between, an art of arranging uses of
land linked to architecture, engineering, landscape architecture, and city planning
(Lynch, 1996). Site Planners designate the uses of land in detail by selecting and
analyzing sites, forming land use plans, organizing vehicular and pedestrian
circulation, designing visual form and materials concepts, readjusting the existing
landforms by design grading, providing proper drainage, and finally developing the
construction details necessary to carry out their projects.
Generally, Site planning is the organization of the external physical
environment

to

accommodate

human

behavior. Its difference with urban design


and urban planning is that it is generally
planning the totality of the environment
whether large (urban planning) or small
(urban design).

II.

Fig I. 1 Diagram showing the


practitioners of
site planning.

Budget of the government for


provincial municipalities
Municipality
is
a

local

government unit in the Philippines.


Municipalities are also called towns.
They are distinct from cities, which
are a different category of local government unit (LGU). They have been granted
corporate personality enabling them to enact local policies and laws, enforce
them, and govern their jurisdictions. They can enter into contracts and other
transactions through their elected and appointed officials and can tax. The
National Government assists and supervises the local government to make sure
that they do not violate national law. Municipalities are divided into income
classes according to their average annual income during the previous four
calendar years.
CLASS

AVE. ANNUAL INCOME

2015 EQUIVALENT

Planning 3 Assignment 1 | 2

First
55,000,000 or more
Second
45,000,000-54,999,999
Third
35,000,000-44,999,999
Fourth
25,000,000-34,999,999
Fifth
15,000,000-24,999,999
Sixth
Less than 15,000,000
Fig II. 1 Annual average income of municipalities

65.6 million
53.7 million
41.7 million
29.8 million
17.9 million

Sec 1 of REPUBLIC ACT No. 2264 tells us that a provincial, municipal,


regularly organized municipal district or city budget appropriated an aggregate
amount not exceeding the estimated tax receipts and/or income for the ensuing
year, certified collectible by the Provincial Treasurer in the cases of provinces,
municipalities and regularly organize municipal districts, and by the City
Treasurer in the case of cities: And provided, That provisions have been made for
the statutory and/or current contractual obligations of the province, city,
municipality or regularly organized municipal district: And, provided, That no
official or employee shall receive a salary higher than the maximum salary
provided by subsisting salary laws and executive orders, the provincial budget
shall be in full force and effect on the date herein fixed for its effectivity by the
Provincial Board, the city budget shall be in full force and effect on the date
therein fixed for its effectivity by the Municipal Board or City Council of the city
with the approval of the City Mayor, and the municipal and regularly organized
municipal district budget shall be in full force and effect on the date therein fixed
for its effectivity by the municipal council of the municipality or municipal district
with the approval of the municipal mayor.
References:
1. http://www.urbandesign.org/elements.html
2. http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1959/ra_2264_1959.html
3. http://www.arch.utah.edu/cgi-bin/wordpress-metroresearch/wpcontent/uploads/2012/publications/researchyoucanuse/ResearchJ

Planning 3 Assignment 1 | 3

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