June 17, 2016

I.

II.

English
Learning Objectives
State the main idea of a paragraph either explicit or implied.
Write the main idea of a paragraph read that is explicit or implied
Prioritize time and needs effectively to meet the needs of the family.
Subject Matter
a. Topic:
Stating the main idea of a paragraph read
b. References:
PELC III 4.1
Language Connections pp. 77-80
Skill Builders for Efficient Reading 6 pp. 13-17
Harnessing English Arts Today pp. 102-103
c. Materials:
pictures and old newspapers/magazines
Value Focus: Valuing heritage from the past

III. Procedure
A. Preparatory Activities
1. Motivation
Time Machine
Place some objects or pictures in a box. These materials are those
that are used by our forefathers and those that are presently used. Call
on a pupil to pick one object or picture. Let them identify when this object
existed or used.
2. Unlocking of difficulties
Crossword Puzzle
ACROSS

DOWN

1. not simple
1. clear in text
2. long time ago 2. at this time
3. suggested idea 3. desire to know
Answers:
1. complex
1. explicit
2. past
2. now
3. implied
3. wonder
B. Development of Lesson
1. Presentation
a) Lets go back to objects and materials we had. Group them according
to period of their existence. This grouping tells that these objects
existed then and now.
The title of our short story is Then and Now
b) Motive Question: What is the difference between then and now?
c) Oral Reading of the Selection
- Answering the Motive Question
d) Comprehension Check
1. What were the advantages and disadvantages of living in this
generation as cited by the author?
2. What were the advantages and disadvantages of living during
the time of our great-grandparents?
3. If you were given the chances to choose the tie of your
existence, which period would you prefer? Why?
4. Do you think scientific discoveries in our time are more of a
disadvantage than an advantage? Why? Why not?
5. What make our life complicated now? How can we make life
easier or uncomplicated?
6. What do you think are some positive traits of our greatgrandparents which we could imitate to have an easier life?

2. Analysis and Discussion

Activity
Divide the class into four and distribute copy of paragraphs taken from
the short story Then and Now.
Read the paragraph assigned to you. Write one sentence that tells what
the paragraph is telling us.
Discussion:
What does paragraph 1 say? Paragraph 2? Paragraph 3? Paragraph 4?
Do all the paragraphs have the topic sentence that tells the whole
message of the writer?
Text:
Then and Now
Our world is completely different from that of our greatgrandparents! Ours is more pleasant and comfortable because of
scientific discoveries and inventions, but it is more complex too. Theirs
was not very comfortable and easy but it was very simple one.
Our great-grandparents had no movies or radio sets, but theirs
was a life of peace and quiet. Our grandmother had no electric stoves.
Hers was only a clay stove, but she cooked good meals in it. Our
grandfather had no tractor and modern farming tools. His were only
the plow and the carabao, but he did all right.
Now, we have electric stoves, refrigerators and electric fans but
the problem of earning enough to pay for them is ours. Now, we have
radio, movie and TV sets, but ours is difficulty of not having enough
time for all of these.
Sometimes, I wonder. Which life is better - our greatgrandparents or ours? Do you also wonder if yours is a better life than
your grandparents?
Adapted from:
Harnessing English Arts Today
p. 102
3. Generalization
Let us read again the sentences that you wrote about the paragraphs.
What do these sentences tell us?
Are all the sentences that you write taken from the paragraphs?
(Main idea of a paragraph tells us what the paragraph is all about. It
may be stated in the paragraph or explicit and it may not be stated or
implied)
C. Post Activity
1. Application
Activity 1 Grasping Implied Ideas
What main idea do the following paragraphs imply? Underline the right
word in the parenthesis.
1. Sgt. Cruzado was about to enter his tent when he saw one of his
comrades lying flat near his post. He quickly reached him. He asked
for water and he gave him his reserve water.
(merciful, forgiving, brave, friendly)
2. A young soldier volunteered to walk ahead of the troop to check if
the way was safe to pass through. When he spotted a troop of
enemies, he quickly made a signal to pass other way and they
reached their camp safely.
(merciful, kind, forgiving, brave)
3. A soldier carried to safety a wounded companion through
continuous firing from the enemies.
(merciful, brave, sacrificing, reckless)

Activity 2
Choose the main idea of the following paragraphs. Put a check before
the right sentence.
1. Plant pests and diseases are the worst enemies of cultivated crops
for food and seed production. Municipal pest control officers may be
consulted as soon as these pests and diseases are observed in the
farm. For more protection, clean cultural practices should be
observed. Removing and destroying all possible breeding places of
plant pests and diseases around the vicinity of the garden is
suggested.
_____ Municipal pest control officers may be consulted about
pests.
Plant pests and diseases are the worst enemies of
cultivated crops.
Plants pests and diseases need to be controlled.
2. Soil is very important to plants. Plants depend heavily on the soil
for root anchorage and for essential nutrients such as nitrogen,
phosphorous and potash. They also depend upon the soil for water
and other mineral nutrients.
Plants depend heavily in soil.
Soil has nutrients needed by plants.
Soil is very important to plants.
3. Many farm crops are very specific in their temperature
requirements. Examples are melons, squash, sweet potatoes and
beans. They grow best in warm temperatures. Slight rain can
destroy them. Pechay, mustard, Kangkong, and radish, on the other
hand, grow well during summer and can also withstand rain.
_____Many farm crops are very specific in their temperature
requirements.
Plants can grow in warm temperature.
Slight rain can destroy plants.
2. Enrichment Activities
Gallery of Text
Teacher will display several short paragraphs cut from newspapers, old
magazines or written on manila paper. Pupils are given three minutes
to choose from the paragraph what they want to read.
Directions: Read silently the paragraph of your choice. Write on a piece
of paper the main idea of the paragraph. As I call on you, read your
paragraph and its main idea aloud.
3. Values Integration
Read the short paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
Aurea is in a hurry preparing for school. She didnt wake up
early because she watched her favorite late night show. She opened
her purse and found out her allowance is not enough for the remaining
three days before her next allowance. It is because she is fond of
buying bracelets and necklaces.
1. What is the main idea of the paragraph?
2. Who created her problem?
3. If you are Aureas best friend, what will you tell her as an advice?
IV. Evaluation
Read the following paragraphs. State its main idea and write on your answer
sheet.
1. Different birds use different materials for their nests. Most birds use
scraps of grass, leaves, and twigs. One kind of bird pushes and molds
these materials into a cuplike home between the branches of a tree or
among grass. It uses saliva or mud to hold the materials together.
2. A dolphin is a mammal like cats, dogs and people. It has warm blood.
It cannot breathe under water. Like other mammals, its babies are
born alive. It gives milk to its babies.

3. The bread was like a pet; I took care of it, made sure that it was
properly stirred, and saw to it that it was alive and doing well. You see
bubbles appear on the surface just to let you know that there is really
something truly alive inside.
Adapted: Manila Bulletin Taste
March 14, 2007 p. 5
4. The Malate Church has always been a haven for people in need. In the
past, it served as the fortress of British forces against the Spaniards.
Today, supplicants continue to pray to Our Lady of Miraculous Medal in
times of trouble. Founded by the Augustinians friars, the church was
built in the 18th century.
Adapted: A Tour of Seven Churches
By Clifford Ray Olanday
Style Weekend Manila Bulletin
March 30, 2007 p. 21

V.

5. Even kites can be dangerous! You can get pulled by your kite when
there are strong winds, or you can get hurt when the string attached
to the kite rubs on your hand. A kite can even cause a helicopter to
crash!
Adapted: Fly High
Junior Inquirer
May 20, 2007 p. 5
Assignment
Copy a five paragraph from any reading material. Write the main idea
below each paragraph.