TheGAETITribune

June28,2016

Headlines

OrvilletakesoffwithWilburrunningbeside,
December17,1903.

U.S.PresidentMcKinley
Assassinated
by:KenyaLee

OnSeptember6,1901,U.S.President
WilliamMcKinleyspentthemorningvisitingNiagara
Fallswithhiswife.Laterheplannedtoreturnback
tothePanAmericanExpositioninBuffalo,New
Yorkandspendafewminutesgreetingthepublic.

Byabout3:30p.m.,PresidentMcKinleystoodinside
theTempleofMusicbuildingattheExposition,
readytoshakethehandsofthepublic.Manyhave
beenwaitingforhoursoutsideintheheatfortheir
chancetomeetthePresidentincluding28yearold
anarchistLeonCzolgoszwhowasplanningtokill
PresidentMcKinley.

At4p.m.thedoorstothebuildingwereopenedand
theflockofpeoplewalkedinsinglefilelinestogreet
theirpresident.At4:07p.m.LeonCzolgoszhad
madeitintothebuildinganditwashisturntogreet
thePresident.

InCzolgosz'srighthandwasa.32caliber
IverJohnsonrevolver.Peoplehadnoticedthe
handkerchiefwrappedhandbuttheythoughtitwas
theresultofaninjuryandnotthatitwashidinga
gun.

TheWrightBrothersFirstFlight
1903
by:LilianShannon

Wilbur and Orville Wright had been scientifically

experimenting with the concepts of flight since
1899.Theymadeover athousandglidesfromatop
Big Kill Devil Hill, the Wrights brothers made
themselvesthefirsttruepilots.

Their glider experiments on the Outer Banks of

North Carolina, thoughfrustrating attimes, hadled
them down the path of discovery. Through those
experiments, they had solved the problem of
sustained lift and more importantly theycouldnow
control an aircraft while in flight. The brothers felt
they were now ready to truly fly. But first, the
Wrights hadto powertheiraircraft. Gasolineengine
technology hadrecentlyadvancedto whereitsuse
in airplanes was feasible. Unabletofind asuitable
lightweight commercial engine, the brothers
designedtheirown.It wascruderandlesspowerful
thanSamuelLangley's, buttheWrightsunderstood
that relatively little powerwas neededwithefficient
liftingsurfacesandpropellers.Suchpropellerswere
not available, however. Scant relevant data could
be derived from marinepropellertheory. Usingtheir

WhenCzolgoszreachedthePresident,President
McKinleyreachedouttoshakehislefthandwhile
CzolgoszbroughtuphisrighthandtoPresident
McKinley'schestandthenfiredtwoshots.Onlyone
bulletenteredthePresidentthroughhisabdomen.
PresidentMcKinleyseemedtobehealingfinebut
eightdaysaftergettingshothediedfromGangrene.

air tunnel data, they designed the first efficient

airplane propeller, one of their most original and
purelyscientificachievements.

Returning to their camp at the Kill DevilHills,they

mounted theengineon thenew40foot,605pound
Flyer with double tails and elevators. The engine
drove two pusher propellers with chains, one
crossed to make the props rotate in opposite
directionstocounteractatwistingtendencyinflight.
A balky engine and broken propeller shaft slowed
them, until they were finally ready on December
14th. In order to decide who would fly first, the
brother tosseda coin.Wilburwonthecointoss,but
lost his chance to be the first to fly when he
oversteered with the elevator after leaving the
launching rail. The flyer, climbed too steeply,
stalled,anddoveintothesand.Thefirstflightwould
havetowaitonrepairs.

Three days later, they were ready for the second

attempt. The 27mph wind was harder than they
would have liked, since their predicted cruising
speedwasonly3035mph.

Thebrothers tookturnsflyingthreemore timesthat

day, getting a feel for the controls and increasing
theirdistance witheachflight.Wilbur'ssecondflight
thefourthandlastoftheday wasanimpressive
852feetin59seconds.

This was the real thing, transcending the powered

hops and glides others had achieved. The Wright
machine hadflown.Butitwould notflyagainafter
the lastflightitwascaughtby agustofwind,rolled
over, and damaged beyond easy repair.Withtheir
flying season over, the Wrights sent their father a
matteroffact telegram reporting the modest
numbersbehindtheirepochalachievement.

GodBlessAmericaandPresidentMcKinleyFamily.

by:YolandaAllen

Mary McLeod Bethune was born free in thelate1800s,shewasapioneerandtrailblazerofher times. She

waspassionateaboutbothwomensrightsandcivilrights.
Bethune attended Scotia Seminary for Negro girls and she became a teacher and taught at schools for
Blacksinmainlyimpoverishedareas.
Bethune dreamed of opening her own school one day. She accepted contributions from very rich and
powerfulpeoplelikeVanderbilt,AndrewCarnegie,andRockefellertohelpherachievethisgoal.

On October,1904,attheageof29,MaryMcLeodBethuneopenedDaytonaNormalandIndustrialInstitute,
atopratedschool,wherestudentswouldacquirerequisiteskillsthatpreparedthemforlife.

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