THERMAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

MANUAL - I
SL.NO.

INDEX
EXPERIMENT NAME

FLASH AND FIRE POINT OF GIVEN LUBRICATING OIL

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM

PORT TIMING DIAGRAM

VISCOSITY OF LUBRICATING OIL USING REDWOOD

VISCOMETER

PERFORMANCE TEST ON FOUR STROKE PETROL ENGINE

ELECTRICAL LOADING

PERFORMANCE TEST ON TWIN CYLINDER DIESEL

ENGINE HYDRAULIC LOADING

HEAT BALANCE TEST ON 4-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

WITH MECHANICAL LOADING

PERFORANCE TEST ON 4- STROKE DIESEL ENGINE WITH

MECHANICAL LOADING

HEAT BALANCE TEST ON FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

WITH ELECTRICAL LOADING

10

PERFORMANCE TEST OF MULTI CYLINDER PETROL

ENGIEN [MORSE TEST]

EXPT NO: 1
DATE:

FLASH AND FIRE POINT OF GIVEN LUBRICATING OIL

AIM
To determine the flash and fire point of the given lubricating oil
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Cleveland apparatus(open cup)
2. Thermometer
PROCEDURE
Fill the cleaned open cup with the given sample of oil up to the standard filling mark.
Keep the thermometer in the holder such that the bulb is immersed in the oil and does not
touch the metallic parts.
Heat the oil at the rate of 10 deg C rise in temperature per minute so that the oil sample
gives out vapour.
As the temperature rises, apply a test flame a short distance over the surface of the oil,
but the flame should not touch the oil. Watch for any flash with flickering sound.
Blow out or expel the burnt vapour before introducing the next test flame. This ensures
that always fresh vapour alone is left over the surface of the oil.
Continue the process of heating and apply the test flame at every 2 deg C rise in the
temperature from the first flash till you hear the peak flickering sound and note the
corresponding temperature as the flash point.
Continue the heating further after obtaining the flash point and watch for the fire point.
This is noted when the oil vapour ignites and continuous to burn for at least 5 sec.

OBSERVATION TABLE
OIL SAMPLE
S.No

Temperature
T(C)

Flash point

Fire point

RESULT
The flash and fire point test on Cleveland Open Cup apparatus was conducted and
results were as follows
Oil sample

Flash point

Fire point

EXPT NO: 2
DATE:

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM

AIM
To study the cut section of a given 4- stroke I.C engine and to draw the valve timing
diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Measuring tape
2. Feeler gauge.
FORMULAE
1. Angle= (360 x L) / (2 R)
Where, 2 R = Circumference of fly wheel (1200 mm)
L = Arc length (mm)
2. Valve overlap = Angle between IVO and EVC (Degrees)
PROCEDURE
The TDC of the piston in the cylinder is marked with chalk on flywheel against the
pointer.
The flywheel is rotated clockwise and the BDC is marked.
The paper is inserted between the inlet valve stem and rocker arm.
The flywheel is rotated clockwise. The first instant at which the paper gets tightened is
marked as IVO.
The flywheel is still rotated clockwise and the point where the paper can be removed is
marked as IVC.
THE same steps are repeated for exhaust valve.
The distance of the IVO, IVC, EVO, EVC, from the nearest dead centre is found.
The distances are converted in to respective angle using the circumference of the
flywheel.
These are plotted in the graph as valve timing

OBSERVATION TABLE
Circumference of flywheel = 123 cm
S.No
1
2
3
4

Position of the Port

Inlet vale opening
Exhaust valve closing
Inlet valve closing
Exhaust valve opening

Position from
dead centre

Distance from
dead centre

After TDC
After TDC
After BDC
Before BDC

Assuming the engine to run at 1500 rpm

Angle in degrees= Curved distance / Circumference of flywheel x 360

RESULT
Thus the valve timing diagram for given 4 stroke diesel engines is drawn.
The time duration for exhaust valve opening

The time duration for inlet valve opening

Angle made
with dead
centre

EXPT NO: 3
DATE:

PORT TIMING DIAGRAM

AIM
To study the cut section of a given 2- stroke I.C engine and to draw the port timing
diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Thread
2. Scale
3. chalk
PROCEDURE
The top dead centre and bottom dead centre position of the piston in the cylinder are
marked on the flywheel using chalk against the reference point
The fly wheel is rotated clockwise covered by the piston, where the transfer port is
completely covered by the piston is marked.
Further, rotation of flywheel in clockwise in the complete covering of exhaust port. This
position is marked as EPC.
Similarly, the position of transfer port and exhaust port opening are marked on the
flywheel
The distances of the position from the nearest dead centre are noted.
These distances are converted in to their respective angles using the circumference of the
flywheel.
These are plotted on the graph in order of their occurrence before or after their nearest
dead centre for port timing diagram

OBSERVATION TABLE
Circumference of fly wheel= 51 cm
S.No
1
2
3
4

Position of the Port

Position from
Dead centre

Exhaust port closing

Exhaust port opening
Transfer port closing
Transfer port opening

After BDC
Before BDC
After BDC
Before BDC

Distance from
Dead centre

Assuming the engine to run at 2000 rpm

Angle in degrees= Curved distance / Circumference of flywheel x 360

RESULT
Thus the port timing diagram for given 2 stroke petrol engines is drawn.
The time duration for exhaust port opening

The time duration for inlet port opening

Angle made
with Dead
centre

EXPT NO: 4 VISCOSITY OF LUBRICATING OIL USING REDWOOD

VISCOMETER
DATE:
AIM
To find out the relative viscosity, kinematics viscosity and absolute viscosity of an oil
using REDWOOD VISCOMETER and study the variation of viscosity with change in
temperature
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1.
2.
3.
4.

Redwood viscometer
Thermometer
Stop watch
Flask

FORMULAE USED
Density of oil at test temperature, T =

r 0.00063(T-T r) gm/cc

Kinematics viscosity
Absolute viscosity

At-B/t Centistokes
X T Centistokes

=
=

Where,
r= Density of oil at room temperature (gm/cc)
T = Test temperature (C)
T r=Room temperature (C)
t = Redwood seconds i.e., time taken for collecting 50 ml of oil
A and B are Redwood constants
Up to 100 seconds A = 0.260 and B =171.5
Above 100 seconds A = 0.247 and B =65.0
PROCEDURE
Clean the cup and make sure that the orifice is free from dirt.
Close the orifice with the ball value and fill the cup with given oil up to the tip of the
hook.

 Level the instrument using a spirit level and leg screws.

Insert the thermometer in the holders.
Place the standard 50 ml flask just below the orifice. Adjust the flask so that oil stream
strikes flared mouth to avoid foaming.
Start heating the oil by switching ON the heater and stir the water continuously.
Take care to see that temperature of the bath does not exceed the required temperature of
the oil.
Cut off the heating process when the temperature of the bath reaches the required
temperature of the oil.
When the oil temperature attains the desired value and collects oil in the flask and start
the stop watch simultaneously.
Stop the watch when the lower meniscus of the oil just comes up to the 50 ml mark in the
flask and note the time taken in seconds, this is called Redwood seconds.
Repeat the experiment at various temperatures.
OBSERVATION TABLE
OIL SAMPLE
S.No

Temperature
of oil, T(C)

Redwood
seconds, t
(sec)

Density of
oil at test
temperature
T (gm/cc)

Kinematics
viscosity,
(centistokes)

Absolute
viscosity
(centipoises)

GRAPH
Temperature Vs
Temperature Vs
Temperature Vs

Redwood seconds
Kinematics viscosity
Absolute viscosity

RESULT
The viscosity test on a redwood viscometer was conducted and the results were
shown in graph.

EXPT NO: 5
DATE:

PERFORMANCE TEST ON FOUR STROKE PETROL ENGINE

ELECTRICAL LOADING

AIM
To conduct performance test and to draw curves of 1 HP, Mechanical brake thermal and
TFC Vs BHP to find economical load.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Single cylinder petrol engine
2. Stop watch
3. Electric bulb with switching arrangement
SPECIFICATION (Petrol Engine)
Make
:
GREAVES mk-25
Bore
:
70mm
Stroke
:
660.7 mm
R.P.M
:
3000
B.H.P
:
3.4 HP (Single cylinder at 3000 rpm)
Capacity
:
250cc
Fuel oil
:
Petrol
Specific Gravity :
0.74
Calorific value
:
12000 K/cal/kg
PROCEDURE
Check fuel level
Check lubricating oil level
Open the three way cock, so that the fuel flows to the engine.
Start the engine.
The engine is started and run at constant speed at no load. Time in second for 10 cc of
petrol consumption is noted.
Then the engine is loaded to 25%, 50%, 75% and full load and the corresponding time,
value Voltmeter and ammeter readings are noted and tabulated.

OBSERVATION TABLE

S.
No

Load
Applied
(Watts)

Voltmeter
reading
(Volts)

Ammeter
reading
(Amps)

Time
taken for
10cc fuel
consump
tion x 10-

Fuel
consumptio
n x 10-4

Brake
power
(KW)

S.F.C
x 10-4
(Kg/s)

Indicat
ed
power
in
(KW)

mech

Fuel
power
in
(KW)

(%)

1
2
3

FORMULAE USED
Fuel Consumption (Fc)

Brake power (B.P)

=
Where V
=
Voltmeter Reading
A
=
Ammeter Reading
Specific fuel consumption (S.F.C) =

(0.74 x 10) / (t x 1000)

(V x A) / (0.67 x 1000)
Fuel consumption / Brake power (kg/s Kw)

Frictional power from graph (Fuel consumption and Brake power (Kw)
Indicated power

Brake power + Frictional power in (Kw)

Mechanical efficiency ( mech)

(Brake power) / (Indicated power) x 100 (%)

Fuel power

Fuel consumption x Calorific Value in (Kw)

Brake thermal efficiency ( B.T.E)

(Brake power) / (Fuel power) x 100 (%)

Indicated thermal efficiency ( I.T.E) =

(Indicated power) / (Fuel power) x 100 (%)

GRAPH
1. Fc Vs BP
2. B.T.E Vs BP
3. mech Vs BP

(Fuel Consumption Vs Brake power)

(Brake thermal efficiency Vs Brake power)
(Mechanical efficiency Vs Brake power)

I.T.E

B.T.E

(%)
(%)

4. I.P Vs BP
5. S.F.C Vs BP

(Indicated power Vs Brake power)

(Specific fuel consumption Vs Brake power)

RESULT
Thus the performance test on the four stroke petrol engine is conducted with electrical
loading and the characteristics curves are drawn.

EXPT NO: 6
DATE:

PERFORMANCE TEST ON TWIN CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE

HYDRAULIC LOADING

AIM
To conduct load test on twin cylinder diesel engine and draw its characteristics
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Engine set up
2. Stop watch
SPECIFICATION (Diesel Engine)
Make
BHP
Rated Speed
No. of. Cylinders
Bore
Stroke
Cd
D

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

Kirlosker- TV2-SR-1
10
1500 rpm
2
87.5mm
110mm
0.62
0.020m

PROCEDURE
Check fuel level
Check lubricating oil level
Open the inlet valve or the cooling water and fuel supply.
Ensure that there is no load on engine.
Fuel pump is primed.
Decompression lever is pressed for easy cranking.

 The engine is started rotating the crank by means of hand crank lever.
After the engine picks up the speed, it is loaded gradually by turning hand wheel of the
hydraulic dynamometer.
Note the readings.
The engine is stopped after removing the load, by cutting of the fuel supply.

OBSERVATION TABLE- I
S.No

Load (w)
Kg

Time taken for 10cc

fuel consumption in
(t) sec

OBSERVATION TABLE - II
S.No

Fuel
Consumption
x 10-4
(Kg/s)

Brake Specific fuel Indicated

power consumption
power
(Kw)
10-4
(Kw)
(Kg/s.Kw)

mech
%

Fuel
power
(Kw)

FORMULA USED
Rated load W
Where,
BP
=
Brake power (Kw)
N
=
Speed (rpm)

(BP x 2000) / (0.745 x N) in Kg

Fuel consumption Fc

(10 x 0.83) / (t x 100) in (Kg/s)

Brake power (BP)

Where,
W
=
Load (Kg)
N
=
Speed (rpm)

(W x N x 0.7457)/ 2000 in Kw

Frictional power (FP) (From Williamss ling graph)

B.T.E

I.T.E

Specification Fuel consumption

Fc / BP (Kg/s. Kw)

Indicated power (IP)

BP + FP (Kw)

Mechanical efficiency

(BP/IP) x 100

Fuel power

Fuel consumption x Calorific value

Brake thermal efficiency ( B.T.E )

(BP / FP) x 100

Indicated thermal efficiency ( I.T.E) =

(IP/FP) x 100

GRAPH
1. Fc Vs
2. B.T.E Vs
3. mech Vs
4. I.P Vs
5. S.F.C Vs
6. I.T.E Vs

BP
BP
BP
BP
BP
BP

(Fuel Consumption Vs Brake power)

(Brake thermal efficiency Vs Brake power)
(Mechanical efficiency Vs Brake power)
(Indicated power Vs Brake power)
(Specific fuel consumption Vs Brake power)
(Indicated thermal efficiency Vs Brake power)

RESULT
Thus the load test on twin cylinder diesel engine has been conducted and its
characteristics curves are drawn.

EXPT NO: 7
DATE:

HEAT BALANCE TEST ON 4-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE WITH

MECHANICAL LOADING

AIM
To conduct a head balance test on 4-stroke diesel engine by mechanical loading at
different loads with specific speed.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1.
2.
3.
4.

Tachometer
Thermometer
Stopwatch
Measuring Tape

ENGINE SPECIFICATION
Make
Bore
Stroke
Cubic Capacity
Speed
Compressor ratio
Fuel
Calorific value
Specific gravity of fuel

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

Anil
114.3 mm
139.7 mm
1433 cc
650 rpm
16:1
High speed diesel
45346 KJ/Kg
0.8275

FORMULAE USED
Fuel Consumption (FC)

(0.8 x 10) / (t x 100) Kg/s

Fuel Power (FP)

Fuel Consumption x Calorific value

Brake power (BP)

(2N (W-S) R x 9.81) / 60 x 100 KW

Heat carried away by the cooling water

mCW CP (To Ti) KW

Where,
mCW Mass of cooling water in Kg/s
CP Specific heat capacity at cooling water in Kg/KJ K
T0 Outlet temperature
Tin Inlet temperature
Heat carried by exhaust gas Qeg

meg Cpg (Teg - Tr) KW

meg

ma + mp

ma

a x Qa = Cd.

P/RTa

Where,
Cpg
P
R
Ta
Cd
do
d
w
hw

Specific heat for exhaust gas KJ/Kg K

Atmosphere pressure = 1.01325 x 105
Universal gas constant = 287 J/Kg K
Atmosphere temperature (or) room
0.62
Orifice area d2 / 4 = 3.142 x 10-4
Diameter of the orifice
Density of air = 1.165
Difference between manometer readings (h1 - h2) m

Unaccountable loss = Fuel power [BP + Heat of cooling water + Heat of exhaust gas]
OBSERVATION TABLE - I
S.
No

Load (Kg)
W

Speed in
rpm

W-S

Time taken Cooling

for 10cc for
water
fuel
temp
consumption Tin Tout

Mass Exhau Manometer reading

flow
st gas
take of temp
water
in
h1 h2 (h1-h2) x
Kg/s
10-2m

OBSERVATION TABLE - II
S.
No

Fuel
consumption

Fuel
power

Brake power
(Kw)

Heat
carried

Heat
carried

Unaccoun Heat input

ted heat fuel power

x 10-4 Kg/s

(Kw)

away by
cooling
water
Kw

away by
the
exhaust
gas
Kw %

loss

Kw

Kw

PROCEDURE
First the fuel supply water circulation in the water system and lubrication oil in the sump
is switched on.
The engine is started and allowed to run at speed fro few minutes.
Gradually to engine is loaded by mechanism pf enable brake drum method and speed is
maintained.
Load at engine is starts 2, 6, 10, 14, 18.

RESULT
Thus the heat balance test on four stroke diesel engine with mechanical loading is
conducted.

EXPT NO: 8
DATE:

PERFORANCE TEST ON 4- STROKE DIESEL ENGINE WITH

MECHANICAL LOADING

AIM
To conduct a performance test on 4 stroke diesel engine by mechanical loading at
different loads with specific speed.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Engine setup
2. Stop watch
SPECIFICATION
Type of loading
Make
Bore
Stroke
Cubic Capacity
Speed
Compressor ratio
Fuel
Calorific value
Specific gravity of fuel

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

Brake drum dynamometer

Anil
114.3 mm
139.7 mm
1433 cc
650 rpm
16:1
High speed diesel
45346 KJ/Kg
0.8275

Brake power (BP)

W Load in Kg
N Speed

(W x N x 0.7457) / 2000 KW

Fuel consumption (Fc)

(10 x 0.83) / (t x 1000) in (Kg/s)

FORMULA

Frictional power FP (From graph for FC Vs BP)

Indicated power IP

BP + FP

Mechanical efficiency ( mech )=

(BP / IP ) x 100 %

Fuel power

Fuel consumption x Cv

Brake thermal efficiency (B.T.E )

(BP / FP) x 100%

Indicated thermal efficiency (I.T.E )

(IP / FP) x 100%

OBSERVATION TABLE I
Sl.No.
W

Load
S

WS

Time taken
for 10cc fuel
consumption

OBSERVATION TABLE II
Sl.No.

Fuel
consumption
x 10-4 Kg/s

Brake
power
(Kw)

Specific fuel Indicated

consumption Power
x 10-4 Kg/s
(Kw)

mech
(%)

Fuel
power

BTE
(%)

ITE
(%)

PROCEDURE
First the fuel supply water circulation in water system and lubrication oil in the is
switched on.
The engine is started and allowed to run at ideal speed for few minutes.
Gradually to engine is loaded by mechanism of enable brake drum method and speed
constant.
Load at the engine is starts 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18.
Mote the corresponding loading radians of spring.
GRAPH
1. Fc Vs
2. B.T.E Vs
3. mech Vs
4. I.P Vs
5. S.F.C Vs
6. I.T.E Vs

BP
BP
BP
BP
BP
BP

(Fuel Consumption Vs Brake power)

(Brake thermal efficiency Vs Brake power)
(Mechanical efficiency Vs Brake power)
(Indicated power Vs Brake power)
(Specific fuel consumption Vs Brake power)
(Indicated thermal efficiency Vs Brake power)

RESULT
Thus the performance curve on 4- stroke diesel engine mechanical loading has been
conducted.

EXPT NO: 9
DATE:

HEAT BALANCE TEST ON FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

WITH ELECTRICAL LOADING

AIM
To conduct a heat balance test on 4 stroke engine by electrical loading at different loads
with specific speed.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Tachometer
2. Stop watch
3. Thermometer
ENGINE SPECIFICATION
Name
Bore
Speed
Compressor ratio
BHP
Fuel
Calorific value
Specific gravity of fuel

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

Kirloskar
87.5 mm
1500 rpm
16:1
5HP
High speed diesel
45346 KJ/Kg
0.8275

[ (V x I) / (0.8 x 100) ] in Kw

FORMULA USED
Brake Power (BP)
Where,

V Voltmeter in Volts
I Ammeter Readings in amps
Fuel Consumption (FC) = [(0.8 x 10) / (t x 100)] in Kg/s
Where,
t Time taken for 10cc full consumption
Total Heat Input (Q) = Fuel Consumption x Calorific Value in Kw
Heat Input for Brake Power (Q) = [(V x I) / (0.8 x 1000)] in Kw
% of Heat Input for BP = (Q1 / Qin ) x 100%
Heat Input for BP = (Q2)
Friction power is taken from graph in Kw [BP vs Fuel Consumption]
Heat Loss due to cooling water (Q3) = mcPw (TO TI) Kg/s
Where,
m
Mass flow rate of cooling water Kg/s
Qw
Specific heat cooling water = 4.2 KJ / Kgs
TO
Outlet temp of cooling water in K
TI
Inlet temp of cooling water in K
% of heat loss due to cooling water = (Q3 / QIN) x 100
Q4 = meg x Cpg (Teg Tr) Kw
Where,
meg ma + mf
meg mass flow rate of exhaust gas in Kg/s
ma mass flow rate of air in Kg/s
mf Fuel consumption
ma

= Q a X Pa
= Cd x ao x Va x a
= Cd x ao x (2gha) a
a Density of air (1.165)
Cd Co-efficient of discharge of orifice = 0.62
ao area of orifice = d2/4

ha = (w hw) / a in m

w Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3

hw Manometer reading (h1 h2) x 10-2 m
g Acceleration due to gravity
Ceg Specific heat of exhaust gas = 1 KJ/Kg K
Tr Room temperature in K
% of loss due to exhaust gas = (Q4 / Qin) x 100
Unaccounted loss (Qs) = Total heat input { Heat input for BP + Heat input for FP + Heat loss
due to cooling water + Heat loss due to exhaust gas}
% of Unaccounted loss = (Qs/Qin) x 100
OBSERVATION TABLE - I
Sl.No. Volt
Ammeter Time taken
Speed Manometer
meter
reading
for 10cc fuel (N)
reading
reading (A)
consumption rpm
(V)
(t) sec

Engine
cooling
water temp

h1 h2 (h1-h2)
x 10-4

Mass
Exhaust
of
gas
cooling temp
water
Kg/s

Inlet Outlet

OBSERVATION TABLE - II

Sl
No

Brake
Power

Fuel
Consum
ption x
10-4 Kg/s

Total
Heat
Input
Kw

Heat Loss
due to BP

Heat Loss
due to
Cooling
Water

Heat Loss
due to
Exhaust gas

Q1
Kw

Q2
Kw

Q3
Kw

PROCEDURE
Check the fuel level
Check the lubricating oil level
Open the three way cock so, that the fuels flow to the engine.
Keep the loading at the minimum.
Start the engine
Load the engine by loading the water rheostat

Unaccounted
Loss
Q4
Kw

 Note the following reading

(a). Speed
(b). Voltmeter & Ammeter reading
(c). Time taken fro 10 cc petrol consumption
(d). Manometer reading
(e). Cooling water and exhaust gas temperature
Repeat the experiment for other readings
RESULT
Thus the heat volume balance test on4 stroke diesel engine is conducted with electrical
loading and that balance graph is drawn.

EXPT NO: 10
DATE:

PERFORMANCE TEST OF MULTI CYLINDER PETROL ENGIEN

[MORSE TEST]

AIM
To conduct Morse test on a multi cylinder petrol engine and determine the performance
characteristics at a given speed.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Tachometer
2. Stop watch
ENGINE SPECIFICATION
4 stroke, four cylinder, water cooled petrol engine
Name
Bore
Stroke
Capacity
Power
Fuel
Specific gravity
Calorific value
Type of loading
Dynamometer constant

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

Ambassador
75 mm
90 mm
1500 cc
7.36 Kw at 1500 rpm
Petrol
0.71
44, 000 KJ/Kg
Hydraulic dynamometer
2000

FORMULA USED
Maximum load, Wmax

(BP x 2000) / (N x 0.736) in Kg

Where,
BP Brake power = 7.36 KW
N Engine speed = 1500 rpm
Brake power (BP)

(W x N x 0.736) / 2000 in Kw

Indicated power on cylinder 1, IP1

BP BP1 in Kw

Indicated power on cylinder 2, IP2

BP BP2 in Kw

Indicated power on cylinder 3, IP3

BP BP3 in Kw

Indicated power on cylinder 4, IP4

BP BP4 in Kw

Where,
W Dynamometer load (Kg)
N Engine speed (rpm)

Total indicated power IN

IP1 + IP2 + IP3 + IP4 in Kw

Frictional power FP

IP BP in Kw

Mechanical efficiency mech

(BP / IP) x 100

OBSERVATION TABLE
Sl.No.
Condition

Dynamometer load
(w) in Kg

Power output BP
(Kw)

PROCEDURE:
Check the lubrication oil level, fuel level, cooling water system and battery terminals
before starting.
Start the engine and allow it to run for about 10 minutes at the rated speed to warm up.
Load the engine at full load maintain the speed at rated rpm i.e.1500 rpm by adjusting the
throttle and dynamometer loading wheel.
Allow the engine to stabilize for few minutes.
Cut-off ignition to cylinder 1 by lifting the respective switch.

 Being the engine again to rate speed by reducing the load on dynamometer, throttle
position should not be changed on any account. Note the dynamometer reading.
Restore ignition to cylinder 1 by closing the switch.
Repeat the procedure for cylinders 2, 3 & 4.
RESULT
The Morse test was conducted on a multi cylinder petrol engine and the performance
characteristics were found.