INDUSTRIETECHNIK

SRI LANKA INSTITUTE of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION

ELECTRICAL and ELECTRONIC

ENGINEERING
Instructor Manual

Training Unit

Electrical Measuring
Techniques 1
Practice

No: EE 074

Training Unit
Electrical Measuring Techniques 1
Practical Part
No.: EE 074

Edition:

2008
All Rights Reserved

Editor:

MCE Industrietechnik Linz GmbH & Co

Education and Training Systems, DM-1
Lunzerstrasse 64 P.O.Box 36, A 4031 Linz / Austria
Tel. (+ 43 / 732) 6987 3475
Fax (+ 43 / 732) 6980 4271
Website: www.mcelinz.com

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

CONTENTS
Learning objectives

Page
................................................................

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 1
Symbols on the instrument dial (voltmeter)

............................

............................

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 2
Symbols on the instrument dial (ammeter)
PRACTICAL EXERCISE 3
Setting the zero point on analogue measuring devices

..............

......................

...........................................

10

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 4
Internal resistance of voltmeters and ammeters
PRACTICAL EXERCISE 5
Principle of eddy-current damping

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The trainee should
explain and describe the symbols on a measuring instrument.
set the zero on a measuring instrument.
... determine the internal resistance of a measuring instrument.
demonstrate and explain the principle of eddy-current damping.

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 1
Symbols on the instrument dial
1. TASK
Describe the information given on the dial of a voltmeter.

2. EQUIPMENT
Voltmeter - switchboard panel instrument.

3. PROCEDURE
-

The dial of a voltmeter is shown below:

Manufacturer =
Production number =
Type of voltage =
Test voltage =
Operational position =
Precision class =
Type of measuring mechanism =
Measurement unit =
Measurement range =
- Draw the dial of the switchboard panel Instrument and then describe the information
given on it:

Manufacturer =
Production number =
Type of voltage =
Test voltage =
Operational position =
Precision class =
Type of measuring mechanism =
Measurement unit =
Measurement range =

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 2
Symbols on the instrument dial

1. TASK
Describe the information given on the dial of an ammeter.

2. EQUIPMENT
Ammeter - switchboard panel instrument.

3. PROCEDURE
-

The dial of an ammeter is shown below:

Manufacturer =
Production number =
Type of current =
Test voltage =
Operational position =
Precision class =
Type of measuring mechanism =
Measurement unit =
Measurement range =
- Draw the dial of the switchboard panel instrument and then describe the information
given an it:

Manufacturer =
Production number =
Type of current =
Test voltage =
Operational position =
Precision class =
Type of measuring mechanism =
Measurement unit =
Measurement range =

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 3
Setting the zero point on analogue measuring devices

1. TASK
Using the zero screw Iocated on the outside, adjust the mechanical zero of a voltmeter
and an ammeter.

2. EQUIPMENT
Voltmeter - switchboard panel Instrument.
Ammeter - switchboard panel Instrument.
Screwdriver - 3 mm

3. PROCEDURE
-

Fix the device in the correct operational position.

Use the screwdriver to turn the zero screw to the left or to the right until the pointer
is pointing to zero.

NOTE:
Avoid parallax error.

ELECTRICAL MEASUR-ING TECHNIQUES 1

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 4
Internal resistance of voltmeters and ammeters

1. TASK
Using an ohmmeter determine the internal resistance of a voltmeter and an ammeter.

2. EQUIPMENT
Voltmeter - switchboard panel instrument. Ammeter - switchboard panel instrument.
Ohmmeter

3. PROCEDURE
-

Measure the internal resistance of the voltmeter with the ohmmeter:

Ri = ..

Measure the internal resistance of the ammeter with the ohmmeter:

Ri = ..

State how the two Instruments should be wired into an existing circuit.

Voltmeter:

Ammeter:

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

PRACTICAL EXERCISE 5
Principle of eddy-current damping

1. TASK
To set up the equipment and observe how different suspended aluminium vanes move
between the poles of an electromagnet.

2. EQUIPMENT
Iron core, U-shaped, laminated
Pole shoes
2 coils - 600 turns
Pendulum body (various shapes) Pendulum support
Stand material
Power supply 0 - 20 V; 10 A

3. PROCEDURE
-

Set up the test.

Set the aluminium pendulum in motion.

Apply voltage to the coils (DC).

Repeat with different aluminium shapes.

Describe your observation.

10

11

EE074:Electrical Measuring Techniques 1

Instructions for Practical Exercises

12

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

INSTRUCTION for practical exercise 1

Symbols on the instrument dial
Describe the information given on the dial of a voltmeter.

1. PROCEDURE
Draw the dial of the switchboard panel instrument and then describe the information given
on it:

Manufacturer = Norma
Production number = 111213
Type of voltage = direct and alternating voltage Test voltage = 2 kV
Operational position = vertical operational position
Precision class = 1.5 % of full scale value
Type of measuring mechanism = moving iron Instrument
Measurement unit = volts
Measurement range = 0 to 250

13

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

INSTRUCTION for practical exercise 2

Symbols on the instrument dial
Describe the information given on the dial of an ammeter.

1. PROCEDURE
Draw the dial of the switchboard panel instrument and then describe the information given
on it:

Manufacturer = Goerz
Production number = 14156
Type of current = direct current
Test voltage = no testing potential
Operational position = horizontal operational position
Precision class = 1 % of full scale value
Type of measuring mechanism = moving coil instrument
Measurement unit = mA
Measurement range = 0 to 100

14

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

INSTRUCTION for practical exercise 3

Setting the zero point on analogue measuring devices
Using the zero screw Iocated on the outside, adjust the mechanical zero of a voltmeter
and an ammeter.

1. PROCEDURE
-

Fix the device in the correct operational position.

Use the screwdriver to turn the zero screw to the left or to the right until the Pointer
is pointing to zero.

NOTE:
Avoid parallax error.

15

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

INSTRUCTION for practical exercise 4

Internal resistance of voltmeters and ammeters
Using an ohmmeter determine the internal resistance of a voltmeter and an ammeter.
1. PROCEDURE
-

Measure the internal resistance of the voltmeter with the ohmmeter:

Ri= .

Measure the internal resistance of the ammeter with the ohmmeter:

Ri= .

State how the two Instruments should be connected in an existing circuit.

Voltmeter: In parallel with (across) the circuit measured.

Ammeter: In series with the circuit measured.

16

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

INSTRUCTION for practical exercise 5

Principle of eddy-current damping
To set up the equipment and observe how different suspended aluminium vanes move
between the poles of an electromagnet.

1. PROCEDURE
-

Set up the test.

Set the aluminium pendulum in motion.

Apply voltage to the coils (DC).

Repeat with different aluminium shapes.

Describe your observations.

17

NOTE:
-

The pendulum movement is braked when the current is switched an in the magnet
coil.

The braking (damping) effect is greatest for a whole aluminium vane or disk. The
effect is less when the aluminium is slotted.

Voltages produced by the movement of the aluminium in the magnetic field cause
currents to flow. These eddy-currents react with the field to produce forces which
oppose the pendulum motion.

The eddy-currents are restricted by the slots in the aluminium and the damping
effect is seen to be reduced.

- This kind of damping is often used in moving coil instruments.

18

EE074: Electrical Measuring Techniques 1

Evaluation Sheet for Practical Exercises

19

EVALUATION SHEET
Name

Control No.

Group

10

10

48

30

Total:
lntermediate Mark :

Date :

10
4

10

32
Points:

20

10

110

Actual points

Possible A
points

in table

Actual points

Entries

Possible points

measurements

Actual points

Carrying out

Possible points

exercise

Actual points

Sheet No.

Setting up the

Possible points

Total

KEY TO EVALUATION

PER CENT

MARK

88 100

75 87

62 74

50 61

0 49

21

EE074: Electrical Measuring Techniques 1

Practical Test

22

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1 PRACTICAL TEST

1. TASK
Describe the information given an the dial of the ammeter shown below:

2. EQUIPMENT
Voltmeter - switchboard panel Instrument.
Ammeter - switchboard panel instrument.
Ohmmeter

23

3. PROCEDURE
Manufacturer =
Production number =
Type of voltage =
Test voltage =
Operational position =
Precision class =
Type of measuring mechanism =
Measurement unit =
Measurement range =
Voltmeter: Ri = ...
Ammeter: Ri = ....

24

ELECTRICAL MEASURING TECHNIQUES 1

PRACTICAL TEST
(Solution)
1. TASK
Describe the information given an the dial of the ammeter shown below:

The internal resistance

of a voltmeter and of an ammeter are to be

determined with an ohmmeter.

Manufacturer = Siemens
Production number = 11479
Type of current = alternating current
Test voltage = 3 kV
Operational position = inclined operational position - 60
Precision class = 0.5 % of full scale value
Type of measuring mechanism = Dynamometer movement

25

Measurement unit =Ampere

Measurement range = 0 to 7.5
Voltmeter: R =
Ammeter: R = .

26

EVALUATION SHEET FOR PRACTICAL TEST

Points
Description of information an the dial
Symbols

3 x 10
30

Internal resistance
Voltmeter

10

Ammeter

10
20

Total points

27

50

KEY TO EVALUATION

PER CENT

MARK

88 100

75 87

62 74

50 61

0 49

28