450

Minimum c/c distance

between Longi. Rebars
(mm)

20

50

50

Pu (kN) =

500

1000

1500

1550

1200

Mux (kN.m) =

155

45

52

60

Muy (kN.m) =

75

45

45

75

50

20

75

50

As (mm2)

16

2060

MuyL (kN.m) =

Pu/Puz =

0.25

0.49

0.74

0.76

0.59

0.72

AlphaN =

1.08

1.49

1.90

1.94

1.65

1.86

LHS =
CHECK = REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF

0
16

1.31

16

20

20

16

MuxL (kN.m) =

20

1450
1

MAX. BARS ON 'b'

FACE =

LOAD COMB

1816

fck (MPa)=

REINF. INPUT

D (mm)=

MAX. BARS ON
'D' FACE =

350

C1

Pu, Axial (kN)

Eff. Cover, d'

(mm) =

b (mm)=

COLUMN NO.

RENEW THE LICENCE

COLUMN DESIGN

REINF. POSITION

Pu-Mux : INTERACTION DIAGRAM

2500

Pu (kN)

2000

4; 1550
3; 1500
6; 1450

1500

Pu-Mux

5; 1200
1000

2; 1000

500

1; 500

0
0

20

40

60

80
100
Mux (kN.m )

120

140

160

180

Pu-Muy : INTERACTION DIAGRAM

2500

Pu (kN)

2000

4; 1550
3; 1500
6; 1450

1500

Pu-Muy

5; 1200
1000

2; 1000

500

1; 500

0
0

20

40

60

80
Muy (kN.m )

100

120

140

160

Pu-Mux INTERACTION TABLE

b(mm)=
D(mm)=
fck(Mpa)=

350
450
20

steel row,no.
Asi, mm2
RX1
628
RX2
401.92
RX3
0
RX4
401.92
RX5
628
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1)
Pu
k>=1
5
2071
2.5
2046
1.5
1947
1.2
1832
1.1
1759
1
1648
k<1
0.9
1469
0.85
1373
0.8
1273
0.775
1220
0.75
1166
0.7
1051
0.65
927
0.6
803
0.55
688
0.5
569
0.45
444
0.375
282
0.3
114
0.2
-98
0.1
-452
Puz, Axial , code
Pu, Axial , code

di, mm
50
166.666667
225
283.333333
400
Mu
2
8
26
46
57
75
99
110
120
125
130
140
150
157
159
160
159
152
139
115
55
2028
1816

e,max
0.002188
0.002414
0.002800
0.003111
0.003277
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500

es,1
0.002139
0.002307
0.002593
0.002823
0.002946
0.003111
0.003068
0.003042
0.003014
0.002998
0.002981
0.002944
0.002902
0.002852
0.002793
0.002722
0.002636
0.002463
0.002204
0.001556
-0.000389

es,2
0.002025
0.002056
0.002109
0.002151
0.002173
0.002204
0.002060
0.001975
0.001880
0.001827
0.001772
0.001648
0.001506
0.001340
0.001143
0.000907
0.000619
0.000043
-0.000821
-0.002981
-0.009463

es,3
0.001969
0.001931
0.001867
0.001815
0.001787
0.001750
0.001556
0.001441
0.001313
0.001242
0.001167
0.001000
0.000808
0.000583
0.000318
0.000000
-0.000389
-0.001167
-0.002333
-0.005250
-0.014000

es,4
0.001912
0.001806
0.001625
0.001479
0.001401
0.001296
0.001051
0.000907
0.000745
0.000657
0.000562
0.000352
0.000110
-0.000173
-0.000507
-0.000907
-0.001397
-0.002377
-0.003846
-0.007519
-0.018537

es,5
0.001799
0.001556
0.001141
0.000807
0.000629
0.000389
0.000043
-0.000160
-0.000389
-0.000514
-0.000648
-0.000944
-0.001286
-0.001685
-0.002157
-0.002722
-0.003414
-0.004796
-0.006870
-0.012056
-0.027611

fs,1
332.89
339.08
347.50
352.35
353.42
354.87
354.49
354.27
354.02
353.88
353.74
353.41
353.04
352.60
352.09
350.83
348.61
344.16
335.28
299.65
77.78

fs,2
328.70
329.83
331.77
333.33
334.16
335.28
329.96
326.83
322.28
319.02
315.54
307.83
294.92
267.90
228.62
181.48
123.87
8.64
164.20
353.74
360.90

fs,3
326.60
325.21
321.47
318.24
316.51
314.19
299.65
288.81
262.50
248.39
233.33
200.00
161.54
116.67
63.64
0.00
77.78
233.33
340.07
360.90
360.90

fs,4
324.30
317.68
306.20
292.37
280.22
259.26
210.29
181.48
149.07
131.30
112.35
70.37
21.94
34.57
101.35
181.48
279.42
341.66
360.90
360.90
360.90

fs,5
317.22
299.65
228.15
161.32
125.77
77.78
8.64
32.03
77.78
102.87
129.63
188.89
257.26
310.14
333.54
350.83
357.52
360.90
360.90
360.90
360.90

a,1
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
175

a,2
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3
58.3

a,3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

a,4
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58
-58

a,5
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175
-175

Pus,1
209
213
218
221
222
223
223
222
222
222
222
222
222
221
221
220
219
216
211
188
-49

Pus,2
132
133
133
134
134
135
133
131
130
128
127
124
119
108
92
73
50
3
-66
-142
-145

Pus,3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Pus,4
130
128
123
118
113
104
85
73
60
53
45
28
9
-14
-41
-73
-112
-137
-145
-145
-145

Pus,5
199
188
143
101
79
49
5
-20
-49
-65
-81
-119
-162
-195
-209
-220
-225
-227
-227
-227
-227

Pu,s
671
661
618
574
548
511
445
407
363
339
313
255
187
120
63
0
-68
-144
-227
-326
-566

Mu,s
2
5
14
22
26
32
41
46
52
55
58
65
73
80
83
86
87
86
81
73
31

(Pu)conc
1401
1385
1329
1258
1211
1137
1023
967
910
881
853
796
739
682
625
569
512
426
341
227
114

(Mu)conc
1
3
12
24
31
43
58
64
68
70
72
75
76
77
76
75
72
66
58
43
23

Pu-Muy INTERACTION TABLE

D(mm)=
b(mm)=
fck(Mpa)=

k>=1

k<1

450
350
20

steel row,no.
Asi, mm2
RY1
1029.92
RY2
0
RY3
0
RY4
0
RY5
1029.92
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1)
Pu
5
2071
2.5
2044
1.5
1932
1.2
1803
1.1
1723
1
1605
0.90
1422
0.85
1324
0.8
1222
0.775
1168
0.75
1113
0.7
997
0.65
871
0.6
739
0.55
647
0.5
569
0.45
498
0.375
399
0.3
298
0.2
62
0.1
-561
Puz, Axial , code
Pu, Axial , code

di, mm
50
133.333333
175
216.666667
300
Mu
2
7
23
41
51
66
86
96
105
110
114
124
133
143
146
147
146
141
132
105
27
2028
1816

e,max
0.002188
0.002414
0.002800
0.003111
0.003277
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500
0.003500

es,1
0.002125
0.002276
0.002533
0.002741
0.002851
0.003000
0.002944
0.002912
0.002875
0.002855
0.002833
0.002786
0.002731
0.002667
0.002591
0.002500
0.002389
0.002167
0.001833
0.001000
-0.001500

es,2
0.002021
0.002046
0.002089
0.002123
0.002142
0.002167
0.002019
0.001931
0.001833
0.001780
0.001722
0.001595
0.001449
0.001278
0.001076
0.000833
0.000537
-0.000056
-0.000944
-0.003167
-0.009833

es,3
0.001969
0.001931
0.001867
0.001815
0.001787
0.001750
0.001556
0.001441
0.001313
0.001242
0.001167
0.001000
0.000808
0.000583
0.000318
0.000000
-0.000389
-0.001167
-0.002333
-0.005250
-0.014000

es,4
0.001917
0.001816
0.001644
0.001506
0.001433
0.001333
0.001093
0.000951
0.000792
0.000704
0.000611
0.000405
0.000167
-0.000111
-0.000439
-0.000833
-0.001315
-0.002278
-0.003722
-0.007333
-0.018167

es,5
0.001813
0.001586
0.001200
0.000889
0.000723
0.000500
0.000167
-0.000029
-0.000250
-0.000371
-0.000500
-0.000786
-0.001115
-0.001500
-0.001955
-0.002500
-0.003167
-0.004500
-0.006500
-0.011500
-0.026500

fs,1
332.3725
337.9452
345.9714
351.3047
352.5968
353.9
353.4139
353.1279
352.8063
352.6298
352.4417
352.025
351.0483
349.3999
347.4519
345.1143
342.1203
333.9116
319.3908
200
294.3842

fs,2
328.5247
329.4535
331.0386
332.3155
332.9947
333.9116
328.4392
325.2201
319.3908
316.0353
312.456
303.4068
289.5259
255.5556
215.1515
166.6667
107.4074
11.11111
188.8889
355.3583
360.9

fs,3
326.6008
325.2076
321.4713
318.235
316.5136
314.1897
299.6474
288.8115
262.5
248.3871
233.3333
200
161.5385
116.6667
63.63636
0
77.77778
233.3333
340.0681
360.9
360.9

fs,4
324.592
318.3147
307.6015
294.969
286.5248
266.6667
218.5185
190.1961
158.3333
140.8602
122.2222
80.95238
33.33333
22.22222
87.87879
166.6667
262.963
338.016
360.2194
360.9
360.9

fs,5
318.0906
302.5512
240
177.7778
144.6809
100
33.33333
5.882353
50
74.19355
100
157.1429
223.0769
294.3842
326.0761
345.1143
355.3583
360.9
360.9
360.9
360.9

a,1
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125

a,2
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667
41.66667

a,3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

a,4
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667
-41.66667

a,5
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125
-125

Pus,1
342
348
356
362
363
364
364
364
363
363
363
363
362
360
358
355
352
344
329
206
-303

Pus,2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Pus,3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Pus,4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Pus,5
328
312
247
183
149
103
34
-6
-51
-76
-103
-162
-230
-303
-336
-355
-366
-372
-372
-372
-372

Pu,s
670
660
604
545
512
467
398
358
312
287
260
201
132
57
22
0
-14
-28
-43
-166
-675

Mu,s
2
5
14
22
27
33
41
46
52
55
58
66
74
83
87
89
90
89
88
72
9

(Pu)conc
1401
1385
1329
1258
1211
1137
1023
967
910
881
853
796
739
682
625
569
512
426
341
227
114

(Mu)conc
1
3
10
18
24
33
45
50
53
55
56
58
59
60
59
58
56
51
45
33
18

COLUMN DESIGN
b(mm)=
D(mm)=
fck(Mpa)=

500
500
25

MuxL
cover

55

row,no.
Asi, mm2 di, mm
RX1
1923
55.0
RX2
981
152.5
RX3
981
250.0
RX4
981
347.5
RX5
1923
445.0
Asc / %
6790
2.72
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1)
Pu
Mu
5.00
4990
8
2.50
4928
24
1.50
4677
76
1.20
4385
131
1.10
4206
164
1.00
3942
211
0.900
3511
275
0.850
3275
306
0.800
3010
336
0.775
2870
352
0.750
2725
367
0.725
2574
383
0.700
2416
399
0.675
2250
416
0.650
2074
433
0.625
1897
449
0.600
1747
459
0.575
1599
466
0.550
1452
472
0.500
1128
480
0.300
-71
422
Puz, Axial , code
4825
Pu, Axial , code
4320
LOAD COMB

Pu
Mux
Muy
Muxl : Col. D
Muyl : Col. I

k>=1

k<1

D(mm)=
500
Muyl
b(mm)=
500
fck(Mpa)=
25
row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm
RY1
2453
55.0
RY2
628
152.5
RY3
628
250.0
RY4
628
347.5
RY5
2453
445.0
Asc / %
6790
2.72
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1)
Pu
Mu
5.00
4989
9
2.50
4924
27
1.50
4646
87
1.20
4332
148
1.10
4142
184
1.00
3863
236
0.900
3421
304
0.850
3179
338
0.800
2913
373
0.775
2772
390
0.750
2626
408
0.725
2474
426
0.700
2314
445
0.675
2148
464
0.650
1971
484
0.625
1795
502
0.600
1657
513
0.575
1524
521
0.550
1398
526
0.500
1128
534
0.300
168
482
Puz, Axial , code
4825
Pu, Axial , code
4320

3500
275
0

3500
0
292

4000
200
0

4000
0
210

4320
143
0

4320
0
150

276.21
292.11

276.21
292.11

200.99
210.30

200.99
210.30

143.18
150.78

143.18
150.78

column no.
SAMPLE
PROBLEM 1
25 20 20 20
25
6790
25
25 2.72
%
25 20 20 20

Pu/Puz
AlphaN

LHS

0.73
1.88

0.73
1.88

0.83
2.00

0.83
2.00

0.91
2.00

0.91
2.00

0.99

1.00

0.99

1.00

0.99

1.00

Pu, Axial
4320

COLUMN DESIGN
b(mm)=
D(mm)=
fck(Mpa)=

500
500
25

MuxL
cover

55

row,no.
Asi, mm2 di, mm
1
1923
55.0
2
981
152.5
3
981
250.0
4
981
347.5
5
1923
445.0
Asc / %
6790
2.72
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1)
Pu
Mu
5.00
4990
8
2.50
4928
24
1.50
4677
76
1.20
4385
131
1.10
4206
164
1.00
3942
211
0.900
3511
275
0.850
3275
306
0.800
3010
336
0.775
2870
352
0.750
2725
367
0.725
2574
383
0.700
2416
399
0.675
2250
416
0.650
2074
433
0.625
1897
449
0.600
1747
459
0.575
1599
466
0.550
1452
472
0.500
1128
480
0.300
-71
422
Puz, Axial , code
4825
Pu, Axial , code
4320
LOAD COMB

k>=1

k<1

D(mm)=
500
Muyl
b(mm)=
500
fck(Mpa)=
25
row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm
1
2453
55.0
2
628
152.5
3
628
250.0
4
628
347.5
5
2453
445.0
Asc / %
6790
2.72
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1)
Pu
Mu
5.00
4989
9
2.50
4924
27
1.50
4646
87
1.20
4332
148
1.10
4142
184
1.00
3863
236
0.900
3421
304
0.850
3179
338
0.800
2913
373
0.775
2772
390
0.750
2626
408
0.725
2474
426
0.700
2314
445
0.675
2148
464
0.650
1971
484
0.625
1795
502
0.600
1657
513
0.575
1524
521
0.550
1398
526
0.500
1128
534
0.300
168
482
Puz, Axial , code
4825
Pu, Axial , code
4320

column no.
SAMPLE
PROBLEM 2
25 20 20 20
25
6790
25
25 2.72
%
25 20 20 20

Pu
Mux
Muy
Muxl : Col. D
Muyl : Col. I

Pu/Puz
AlphaN

LHS

3500
246
123

3500
196
196

4000
180
90

4000
145
145

4320
129
65

4320
104
104

276.21
292.11

276.21
292.11

200.99
210.30

200.99
210.30

143.18
150.78

143.18
150.78

0.73
1.88

0.73
1.88

0.83
2.00

0.83
2.00

0.90
2.00

0.90
2.00

1.00

1.00

0.99

1.00

1.00

1.00

Pu, Axial
4320

column no.
SAMPLE
ROBLEM 1
25
25
25
25
25

Pu, Axial
4320

column no.
SAMPLE
ROBLEM 2
25
25
25
25
25

Pu, Axial
4320

1. GENERAL :
The design of rectangular RCC column for axial load and uniaxial bending is carried out using Pu-Mu
Interaction Diagrams using SP 16. For axial compression and biaxial bending the procedure is to use the above
mentioned Interaction diagrams to calculate limiting uniaxial bending moment( Muxl and Muyl) about each
axes separately for given Pu and to satisfy inequality equation of IS-456
i.e. (Mux /

Muxl) + (Muy / Muyl) < 1.

2. Design of Columns using 'SP 16' :

In SP 16, Pu-Mu interaction charts are presented for steel grade Fe 250, Fe 415 and Fe500 for
d/D = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 . The reinforcement arrangement is idealized as :
1. Reinforcement on two opposite faces : Chart No. 27 to 38
2. Reinforcement on all four faces equally distributed : Chart No. 39 to 50.
Limitations of 'SP 16' :
1. The charts for case 1 can be used for uniaxial bending only. However small bending Moment in the
other direction may be, There is no way to design a column for Biaxial Bending for this arrangement of
reinforcement.
2. When the charts are used for Mux (BM @ Major axis) for case 1, the reinforcement will be on the
smaller (width- b) faces. These charts do not accommodate reinf. to be provided on larger (Depth-D)
faces from detailing aspects. If a Column with D = 900mm, minimum four bars are required on each
D-face, the charts can not account for these internal bars which may be of smaller diameter.
3. It is evident that larger diameter bars on the highly stressed face makes efficient use of
reinforcement, even larger diameter bars in corner are used with advantage for biaxial bending, it can
not be accommodated by use of SP16.
4. There would be confusion in arranging the reinforcement as equally distributed for rectangular
section with large D/b ratio.
5. When the analysis and design is carried out using professional software, the intricacy of Column
design is such that a designer would be confident only if he checks the design by his own design tools
for different cases. The column design is carried for various load combinations at junction with beam
at top and bottom and at @ mid height section. More over most of the software normally use the
internal forces at the nodes instead of the beam face.
An effort is made to develop a spreadsheet for design of RCC columns to over come the above
mentioned limitations.
3. COLUMN DESIGN SPREADSHEET:
The formulation adopted is for Limit State of Collapse as per IS 456. The Pu-Mu has been calculated
considering concrete as well as each individual reinforcement bar separately.
Concrete Grade M20, Steel Grade Fe 415 is considered.

The column cross section accommodates up to maximum three internal equally spaced reinforcement
bars on each face apart from the four corner bars. No. of bars on opposite faces are same, i.e. on any
face no. of bars would be 2 to 5. At a time six load combinations are included but process can be
repeated for any numbers in the same sheet.
Pu, Mux and Muy input values are Positive only.
4. DESIGN PROCESS :
Give Input Data in white space, with red font. The last row will indicate whether the reinf. provided is
adequate or otherwise modify grade of concrete or increase reinforcement.
In case percentage of steel < 0.8 % and > 4 %, the user will be warranted to REVISE REINF.
5. WORKSHEETS IN THIS BOOK:
* The Worksheet 'Mux' shows data, steps and output calculation points for Interaction diagram PuMux diagram which is interpolated for Muxl.
* The Worksheet 'Muy' shows data, steps and output calculation points for Interaction diagram PuMuy diagram which is interpolated for Muyl.
* The worksheet 'Sample Problem' shows the design output for understanding the problem.
6. DISCLAIMER
* TO BE USED BY QUALIFIED STRUCTURAL ENGINEER FOR DESIGN AS PER OF IS - 456. CHECK BEFORE USE.
* NO LIABILITY OF DEVELOPER OF ANY TYPE UNTILL A LICENCE AGREEMENT IS SIGNED BETWEEN USER AND
DEVELOPER, AND THAT THE USER IS FORMALLY TRAINED FOR USE OF THIS SPREAD SHEET, INCL. ITS ADVANTAGES
AND ITS LIMITATIONS.

K. N. Sheth, Civil Engg. Dept., D.D. University, Nadiad - 387001

Email : knsheth123@gmail.com , kn_sheth@yahoo.com