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The'Rhythm'Changes|SeymourDuncan

THEBLUES&ROCKPLAYERSGUIDETOTHERHYTHMCHANGES
PostedonJuly4,2016byPeter

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ByDaveEichenberger
Ifyouhavestudiedvariousformsofmusic,youmostlikelyhavefiguredoutthatmostsongsareacombinationofseveralpatternsarrangedina
particularorder.Ifyouareabluesguitarist,youunderstandabasicbluesIIVVprogression.Playingabluestune,younaturallyhearhowthechords
change,andmosttimes,onceyougetthepattern,itisthesamewaythoughthewholesong.Inarocktune,thereareintros,verses,andchoruses.Once
youplaytheversepatternonetime,itisusuallythesameeverytimeanotherverseoccurs.Aswegetbetterplayingtunes,andevenwritingthem,we
starttorealizethatrepetitionisourfriend.Thisarticleisaboutaveryspecificrepeatingpattern,knowninjazzcirclesastheRhythmchanges.
Irepeatmyselfwhenunderstress,Irepeat
ThesocalledrhythmchangestaketheirnamefromthefamousGeorgeGershwintuneIveGotRhythm,whichformedthebasisofmanyjazztunes
thatcameafterwards.MuchliketheIIVVdefinesthousandsofbluessongs,theRhythmchangesarejustaslightlymorecomplexsetofchanges.Yes,
theyarestillapattern,andyes,onceyouknowit,therecanbetonsofvariations.Overtheyears,thechordprogressiongotmorestreamlined,whichis
certainlywelcomedwhenweusethemasabasisofimprovisation.HereIwillstripthisdownintoafeweasilydigestiblechordsthatwontbendyour
eartoomuch.Rememberthatjazzdoesnothavetobecomplex,althoughyoucanfeelfreetosubstitutechordsfreely.Justlikebluesandrock,youcan
makethemusicassimpleorascomplicatedasyoulike.Bothwaysarefun,soletsdivein!
TheForm
Whentalkingaboutasongsform,itmakesiteasytoassigneachsectionofasongaletter.Apopsongwhichhas
verse/chorus/verse/chorus/bridge/choruscanbeassignedthelettersABABCB.Thinkofitlikethis:
Verse(A)/chorus(B)/verse(A)/chorus(B)/bridge(C)/chorus(B)
OnceyoulearntheAsection,youhavealloftheAsections.Well,theRhythmchangesareevensimplerthanthat.Here,youhaveasongformthatis
justtwoparts,arrangedlikeAABA.Thatis,twosectionsofthesong:theApartandtheBpart.IntheRhythmchanges,eachsectiongetsfourchords.
TheASection
WewillbeplayingthisintheguitarunfriendlykeyofBb,whicheliminatesmostopenchordsandforcesustolearnafewnewshapes.Itistheoriginal
key,andremindsustonotbesoguitarcentricallthetime.Ichosetouseasweetersounding(andeasierplaying)major7th(Bbmaj7)chordfortheI.
WethenmakealargehoptotheVI7b9(G7b9)anddowntotheII(Cm7)chord.FortheVchord,IchoseafunkyV7b9(F7b9)chord.Sowehave4
chordsin2measures,playedtwice.Forthethirdtimearound,thereisacoolImaj7toI7(Bbmaj7toBb7),whichsetsuptheIVmaj7(Ebmaj7)andthe
surprisingIVm(Ebm7)chord.
Afterthat,Ihaveasweet,standardtwobarcadenceIVI(Bbmaj7toF7b9andback)andweareontotheBsection.Checkouttheclipandthe
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The'Rhythm'Changes|SeymourDuncan

music,yo.Ifyoucantswitchthechordsswiftly(theRhythmchangesareusuallyplayedonfastertunes),workonchordsinpairs,thensewthem
together.

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The'Rhythm'Changes|SeymourDuncan

TheBSection
Nowthingsgeteasy.TheBsectionisnothingmorethan4dominantchords,playedfortwobarseach.Imixup7thand9thchordstomakeiteasier,as
thesechordsareusedallthetimeinblues.Foryoutheorystudents,youmaynoticethatthismovesbackwardsthroughtheCircleofFifths.Noticethat
eachchorddoeswhatdominantchordsdo:theysetyourearupforthenextchord.Here,weendwithanF7chord,whichbringsyoubacktothefirst
chordintheAsectionagain.RepeattheAsectiononefinaltime,andthenstartover.Itisamorecomplexpatternthanwemightbeusedto,butitis
stillapattern.

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The'Rhythm'Changes|SeymourDuncan

ToneTip:IrecordedtheseexamplesusinganAlnicoIIProneckpickupintoaFractalAX8AmpModeler,usingaFenderTwinReverbmodel.Usea
relativelycleantone,asoverdrivecreatessomenastycrossoverdistortionasupperandlowerharmonicsofmorecomplexchordsgetdistorted.
WhoCanAskforAnythingMore?
Whenwelearnasongorstylewearenotfamiliarwith,wejusthavetofirsthavetounderstandthepatterns.Patternrecognitionallowsustolearn
songsquickly,andthatmostsongs(atleastinmanygenres)haveabout45secondsofnewmaterial,andtherestisjustrepeat,repeat,repeat.
LikemanychordprogressionsIlearn,Iusethemasabasisforimprovisation.Learningtoimproviseoverthischordprogression(andimplementingits
manyopportunitiesforchordsubstitution)willkeepourplayinginthepresent,insteadofmemorizinglicksandpatternswehaveworkedonand
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The'Rhythm'Changes|SeymourDuncan

perfectedpreviously.Recordyourself(orloop)thischordprogression,andimproviseplayingoverthechanges.Tonewise,anythingisgame,since
youllmostlybefocusingonsinglenotes.Listenforthekeychanges,andnailthosechordtonesuntilyoucanvisualizethempoppingupalloverthe
fingerboard.Soon,youwillhaveRhythm,too.

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