Reinf. Area

Hook development Length required
f'c
fy
3000 psi
60000 psi
db
#
As (pro.)
As (req.)
reduction permitted
ldh
6
3.5
3.5
1
16.43 in
Foundation depth
19.43 in
Consult clause# 12.5.3
By: Adnan Mahmood Dar

Beam Design-Flexure & Shear Reinforcement
Input Data
b=
h=
cover=
d=
fy=
f'c=
Mu=
Tu=
Vu=
Shear Ties # 3
Legged
2
As (req.) =
Flexure
As
15 in
24 in
2.5 in
21.5 in
60,000 psi
3,000 psi
70 k-ft
0 K-ft
10 k
Bar#
NO. OF BAR Area
#3
10
1.10
#4
1.20
#5
1.24
#6
1.32
#7
1.22
#8
1.58
#10
1.22
#14
2.41
1.08 in2
At=
For Single Reinforced
0.00 in2
Required Reinforcemment
As1(total)=
1.075
Torsion Steel Provided
Add At due to Torsion
1.08
in2
Asmax=
4.99
in2
Zone 1-2 Shear
Zone 3-4
8.06
in
#3
min
(in2)
& Torsion Stirrups

@
8
2 Legged
Area of Steel For Singly Reinforced Beam
* Moment Capacity
steel provided(Area)=
a=
4.71
Mn=
258.49
k-ft
in2
BARS
6
#
6
TIES
2
Legged #
3
Spacing
5
Clear Cover= 1.5
Clear Spacing B/w Bars=
1.35
in
Area of Steel For Doubly Reinforced Beam
Mn1=
Mn=
Mn2=
1830 k-ft
258.49 k-ft
1571.51 k-ft
Total Moment
Moment for Singly Reinforced Beam
For Doubly Reinforced Beam
in2
layers
As2=
Bar#
18.38
in2
NO. OF BARArea (in2)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#10
#14
168
92
60
42
31
24
15
8
18.5
18.4
18.6
18.5
18.9
19.0
18.3
19.3
Beam- Shear Stirrups

Av=
0.22
Smax=
Smax=
Smax=
smax=
S=
#3
#3
(Av x fy)/(.75xbwxf'c)
21.5
d/2
11
24
11
in
in
11
2 Legged
(Avxfy)/(50xbw)
17.7
Vc=
26.5
2 Legged
X
Engr. Adnan Mahmood Dar
Senior Engineer NESPAK, LHR
2630.85bwd 0
f 870 ff f
yy y y
Sayyed Muhammad Idrees Raza

Senior Structural Engineer, NESPAK, Lahore.
B - DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM
KNOWN VALUES
fc'
fy
bw
h
d
d'

b
3000
psi
40000
psi
18
30
27.50
2.5
0.85
inch
inch
inch
inch
0.85
f c'
fy
0.0371
max
max
0.75*b
min
Mu
200/fy
Mu
Calculate As

UNKNOWN
As
As'
SOLUTION
87000
87000 f
y
0.0278
1090
0.0050
ft-kips
13080
inch-kips
bwd = 13.781
inch2
0.90
?
?
calculate, a (As*fy)/(0.85*fc'*b)
a
12.01
inch
Mu Asfy(d-a/2)
Mn
11849.03 inch-kips
Assume fs
M1
As1
Hence, As'
and tensile steel
area is, As
fy
at failure
2684.31
inch-kips
2.68
inch2
2.68
inch2
16.47
inch2
Confirm that compression bars would yield at failure as assumed

' As'/bd
0.0054
Min. reinforcement
limit, cy 0.85**(fc'/fy)*(d'/d)*(87000/(87000-fy))+'
cy
0.0145

As/bd = 0.0333
Hence compression steel would yield at failure.
Above min. reinforcement limit

O.K.
Sayyed Muhammad Idrees Raza

Senior Structural Engineer, NESPAK, Lahore.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF T-BEAMS

CASE 1:
Neutral axis within flange width i.e. a < h f
KNOWN
bf
b
d
60
16
33.4
max
0.75*b
fc'
5700
psi
fy
60000
0.85
0.0406
psi
b
max
0.0305
As,min
As,min
0.85
inch
inch
inch
f c ' 87000
f y 87000 f y
f c'
fy
bw dbut should not be less than
2.02
inch2
or
200
bw d
fy
1.78133333 inch2
In the above case 0.66 controls

Above formula is valid only when neutral axis fall within flange width or in other
words beam flange is in compression.
when beam flange is in tension then the formula for minimum reinforcement is as follows:
f c'
As,min
As,min
As,min
As,min
7.56
inch2
. As,min
1.32
inch2
fy
bw d
4.03
inch2
or
f c'
fy
bw = bf in this case
bw d
Smaller value governs
Select reinforcement for the T-section shown, to carry service dead and
live load moments of MD = 72 ft-kips and ML = 88 ft-kips.
GIVEN
bf
60
inch
bw
d
hf
16
33.4
10.4
inch
inch
inch
fc'
4000
psi
fy
60000
psi
MD
72
ft-kips
ML
88
0.9
ft-kips
1905
hf
ft-kips
SOLUTION
Mu
assume a
a
Mu
As
a
a
Revised As
10.4
inch
Asfy(d-a/2)
15.012 inch2
(As*fy)/(0.85*fc'*b)
4.415
13.572
inch
inch2
Check against min
min
min
>
As/bfd
0.00677
200/fy
0.0033
min
O.K.
CASE 2:
Neutral axis within flange width i.e. a > h f
bf
60
inch
bw
d
hf
16
33.5
2.5
inch
inch
inch
fc'
4000
psi
fy
60000
0.9
psi
SOLUTION
Mu
Mu
assume a
As
a
a
1032
ft-kips
Asfy(d-a/2)
2.5
inch
7.111
inch2
(As*fy)/(0.85*fc'*b)
2.092
As/bd
0.00353787
inch
>
2.5"
Since the value of "a" as a rectangular section exceeds the flange thickness, the equivalent stress block extends in the
web, and design must be based on T-section behavior.
Computing required reinforcement Asf and nominal moment strength Mnf corresponding to the
overhanging beam flange in compression.
Cf
0.85fc'(bf-bw)hf
Cf
Asf
Asf
Muf
374000
Cf/fy
lbs
6.23
inch2
Asfy(d-hf/2)
Muf
904.61 ft-kips
Required moment strength to be carried by beam web:
Muw
Mu-Muf
Muw
127.39 ft-kips
(0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
0.0015991
Check to see if section is tensioned controlled:
f
Asf/bd
0.01162935
0.85
b
w,max
f c ' 87000
f y 87000 f y
0.0285
0.75*(b+f)
0.0301
Indicating that actual w is satisfactorily low.
Asw
b*d*w
0.857 inch2
Total reinforcement required to carry factored moment Mu = 400 ft-kips is:
As
Asw+Asf
As
Check moment capacity:
7.090
inch2
Mu
[(As-Asf)fy(d-aw/2)+Asffy(d-hf/2)]
aw
(As-Asf)*fy/(0.85*fc'*bw)
aw
0.95
inch
Mu
1032
ft-kips
O.K.
0.55 0.008
0.50 0.006
DESIGN OF 2-WAY SLAB :
0.006
0.004
0.009
0.007
0.007
0.005
Input Data:
Shorter span, la
25
ft
Longer span, lb
27
ft
sed D.L.
100
psf
sed L.L.
40
psf
2500
psf
fc'
fy
40000 psf
Min. slab thickness,
slab parimeter/180
h
Slab thickness provid

5 inch
the slab
6.93
inch
87.5
psf
tored dead load, wud
262.5
actored live load, wul
68
otal factored load, wu
330.50 psf
Span ratio, la/lb
Edge Conditions
condition:
condition:
0.9000
one edge continuous

both edge continuous
one edge continuous
both edge continuous
2
Case
Coefficients for negative moments in slab:

Ca,neg 0.055
Cb,neg
0.037
Coefficients for dead load positive moments in slab:
Ca,dl
0.022
Cb,dl
0.014
Coefficients for live load positive moments in slab:

Ca,ll
Cb,ll
0.034
0.022
Negative moments at continuous edges:
0.005
0.004
0.006
0.005
Ma,neg C
a,neg* wu * la2
11360.94 ft-lb
136331.3 inch-lb
Mb,neg C
b,neg* wu * lb2
8914.58 ft-lb
106974.9 inch-lb
Positive moments :
Ma,pos,dl
Ca,dl* wud * la2
3609.375 ft-lb
43312.5 inch-lb
Ma,pos,ll Ca,ll* wul * la2
1445
Ma,pos,tot 5054.375
Mb,pos,dl
Cb,dl* wud * lb2
ft-lb
Mb,pos,ll Cb,ll* wul * lb2
ft-lb
17340
inch-lb
60652.5 inch-lb
2679.075 ft-lb
32148.9 inch-lb
1090.584 ft-lb
13087.01 inch-lb
Mb,pos,tot 3769.659
ft-lb
45235.91 inch-lb
Negative moments at discontinuous edges (1/3 * positive moments) :
Ma,neg
1/3 * Ma,pos,tot
1684.792 ft-lb
20217.5 inch-lb
Mb,neg
1/3 * Mb,pos,tot
1256.55 ft-lb
Maximum spacing criteria (according to ACI-Code) =
14
Minimum reinforcement required for shrinkage & cracking

As,min = 0.0018*b*h = 0.166 in2
depth, d =
6.25
inch
depth, d' =
Steel in short direction:
1- Midspan
= (0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
= 0.00372
As = * b * d =
Use As =
required =
3 bars @
5 in
required =
0.279
inch2/ft
0.279 inch2/ft
12*Ab/As=
4.725
inch
c/c
12*Ab/As=
inch
8.591
4 bars @
9 in
c/c
2- Continuous edge
= (0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
= 0.0088
As = * b * d =
Use As =
required =
3 bars @
2 in
required =
4 bars @
4 in
0.661
inch2/ft
0.661 inch2/ft
12*Ab/As=
1.998
inch
c/c
12*Ab/As=
inch
c/c
3.633
15078.64 inch-lb
inch
4.5
inch
3- Dis-continuous edge
= (0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
= 0.0012
As = * b * d =
Use As =
required =
3 bars @
8 in
required =
0.091
inch2/ft
0.166 inch2/ft
12*Ab/As=
7.933
c/c
12*Ab/As=
inch
14.423 inch
4 bars @
15 in
c/c
Steel in long direction:
1- Midspan
= (0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
= 0.0028
As = * b * d =
Use As =
required =
3 bars @
8 in
required =
0.149
inch2/ft
0.166 inch2/ft
12*Ab/As=
7.933
c/c
12*Ab/As=
inch
14.423 inch
4 bars @
15 in
c/c
2- Continuous edge
= (0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
= 0.0068
As = * b * d =
Use As =
required =
3 bars @
3 in
required =
0.508
inch2/ft
0.508 inch2/ft
12*Ab/As=
2.599
inch
c/c
12*Ab/As=
inch
4.726
4 bars @
5 in
c/c
3- Dis-continuous edge
= (0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
= 0.0009
As = * b * d =
Use As =
required =
0.068
inch2/ft
0.166 inch2/ft
12*Ab/As=
7.933
inch
3 bars @
8 in
required =
c/c
12*Ab/As=
14.423 inch
4 bars @
15 in
c/c
Ratio of load W in la and lb directions for shear in slab and load on supports:
With m = 0.8 and Case - 4:
direction =
direction =
Shear Check :
he panel =
section =
71%
29%
0r
0r
0.71
0.29
223.0875 kips
0.85*2*f
Vc =
'*b*d/1000
c
Vc =
5.10
Kip/ft
beam is =
Vua
2.93
Kip/ft
< Vc
O.K.
beam is =
Vub
1.294
Kip/ft
< Vc
O.K.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RISER-TREAD STAIRS

DESIGNING RISER AND TREAD TYPE STAIR WITH LANDING
(DESIGNING HIGHLIGHTED PORTION)
DATA
Number of steps in flight
Tread, T
Riser, R
Width of flight = Landing Width
fc'
fy
Concrete density
Landing Length
Stair horizontal span
Concrete Wall
8
12
7
8
3000
60000
inch
inch
ft
psi
psi
150
6.5
8
lbs/ft3
ft
ft
14.5
174
6
5
6
ft
inch
inch
inch
inch
Up
8'
PLAN VIEW
EFFECTIVE SPAN
Effective span, L
or L
Thickness of riser and tread slab
Effective depth, d
Thickness of landing slab
LOADS
ELEVATION
selfweight of riser-tread slab per step
Dead load of step/ft length

finishes
Weight of finishes
Live load
Factored load, wu1
Landing Selfweight
Load of finishes (3")

Total Dead Load
Service Live Load
Factored load, wu2
118.75
118.75
3
37.5
100
347.5
75
lbs
psf
inch
psf
psf
psf
psf
37.5
psf
112.5
lb/ft
100
psf
Considering over crowding
1.2 X D.L + 1.6 X L.L

295
psf
50% of this load may be assumed to act longitudinally in the direction of span
Therefore, wu2
147.5
psf
350 psf
150 psf
8'
RA + RC
RC
Therefore, RA
6.5'
3738.75
3.74
1510.8
2228.0
lbs
Kips
lbs
lbs
BENDING MOMENTS
Maximum bending moment at centre
of riser-tread slab
of span,
M
M
or M
Taking b
Therefore,
Hence, As
RAX horiz. Length/2
8912.0
lb-ft
8.91
kip-ft
(0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
12
inch
0.0072
bd
0.433
Main steel spacing, s 12*Ab/As
5.545
provide # 4 bar @
4" c/c
in2/ft
Ab =
inch
0.2
in2 (area of # 4 bar)

of landing slab
of span,
M
M
or M
Taking b
Therefore,
Hence, As
RCX horiz. Length/2
4910.0
lb-ft
4.91
kip-ft
(0.85*f
/f
)*{1-{1-(2*M
/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
c' y
u
12
inch
0.0038
bd
0.228
10.505
provide # 4 bar @
6" c/c
in2/ft
Ab =
0.2
inch
#4 @ 6" c/c
#4 @ 6" c/c
6"
Riser = 7"
5.25'
#4 ties @ 4" c/c

Tread = 12"
#3 bar at each bend
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STAIRS

TYPE B- DESIGNING RISER AND TREAD TYPE STAIR WITH LANDING
HIGHLIGHTED PORTION DESIGN
DATA
Concrete Wall
Tread, T
12
12
inch
Riser, R
fc'
fy
Width of flight = Landing Width, l
Concrete density
Landing Length
Stair horizontal span
7
6.5
3000
60000
inch
ft
psi
psi
150
8
12
lbs/ft3
ft
ft
20
240
6
5
6
ft
inch
inch
inch
inch
118.75
118.75
3
37.5
100
347.5
75
lbs
psf
inch
psf
psf
psf
psf
EFFECTIVE SPAN
Effective span, L
or L
Thickness of riser and tread slab
Effective depth, d
Thickness of landing slab
LOADS
selfweight of riser-tread slab per step
Dead load of step/ft length

finishes
Weight of finishes
Live load
Factored load, wu1
Landing Selfweight

Total Dead Load
Service Live Load
Factored load, wu2
37.5
psf
112.5
lb/ft
100
psf
Considering over crowding
1.2 X D.L + 1.6 X L.L
295
psf
50% of this load may be assumed to act longitudinally in the direction of span
Therefore, wu2
147.5
psf
BENDING MOMENTS
Bending moment at the face of
supporting wall, M
wu1 X l2/2
Where l = Overhanging length of steps

from wall face
M
7340.9
lb-ft
or M
7.34
kip-ft
(0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
Taking b
Therefore,
Hence, As
12
0.0058
bd
0.350
6.851
provide # 4 bar @
6.5" c/c
Loadmoment
over Landing,
W
MaximumTotal
bending
at centre
of landing slab
of span,
M
or M
Taking b
Therefore,
Hence, As
3 * wu2 =
inch
in2/ft
Ab =
0.2
inch
442.5
W * l2/8 =
psf
2336.95
lb-ft
2.34
kip-ft
(0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
12
inch
0.0018
bd
0.11
22.626
provide # 4 bar @
8" c/c
in2/ft
Ab =
inch
0.2
TAIRS
NG
8"
6.5'
NDING
6"
nging length of steps

wall face
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STAIRS
TYPE A- DESIGNING ONE OF THE FLIGHTS OF A DOG-LEGGED STAIRS SPANNING BETWEEN LANDING BEAM
DATA
Tread, T
Riser, R
Width of landing beams
fc'
fy
12
6.5
48
3000
60000
Concrete density
inch
inch
inch
psi
psi
150
lbs/ft3
Effective span, L
156
inch
or L
Thickness of waist slab, D
Effective depth, d
13
L/20
7
6
ft
EFFECTIVE SPAN
L = (Number of steps in flight X Tread)
+ width of landing beam
inch
inch
LOADS
Dead load of slab on slope, ws
87.5
lb/ft
2
Dead load of slab on horizontal span, w [ws X (R +T2)]/T
w 99.51188 lb/ft
Dead load of one step 1/2 X base X height X 1' strip X conc. Density
40.625
lbs
Load of steps per ft length Dead load of one step/Tread
40.625 lb/ft

Total Dead Load
Service Live Load
Factored load, wu
37.5
lb/ft
177.6369 lb/ft
100
psf Considering over crowding
1.2 X D.L + 1.6 X L.L
373.1643 lb/ft
BENDING MOMENTS
of span, M
M
or M
Taking b
Therefore,
Hence, As
wu X L2/8
7883.095 lb-ft
7.883095 kip-ft
(0.85*fc'/fy)*{1-{1-(2*Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
12
inch
0.0043
bd
0.307
in2/ft

7.807225 inch
provide # 4 bar @ 8" c/c
Distribution steel # 3 bars @ 8" c/c
Ab =
0.2
# 3 @ 8" c/c
# 4 @ 6" c/c
waist slab
6" thick
Fig. Reinforcement Detail
OF STAIRS
RS SPANNING BETWEEN LANDING BEAMS
L = (Number of steps in flight X Tread)

+ width of landing beam
strip X conc. Density
ering over crowding
Mu/*b*d2*0.85*fc')}}
Reinforcement Detail
PROJECTI.T. TOWER, GULBERG LAHORE

JOB NO. 2877
ROOF SLAB AT E.L.(+) 90'-6"
CANTILEVER SLAB DEFLECTION
0.154 K/ft
7.5 ft
B=Unit Width for Slab=

H=Slab Thickness=
Roof Finishes=
Live Load =
f'c= Concrete Compressive Strength=
L= Span for Cantilever=
12 in
7.5 in
6 in
100 psf
4000 psi
90 in
1. Dead Load
a) Uniformly Distributed Load (Udl)
Load Calculted for unit length of slab
i) Slab udl =
ii) Finishes udl=
Total udl=
w=
max
93.75 lb/ft
60 lb/ft
153.75 lb/ft
0.013 k/in
wL4
Deflection at free end
8 EI
E= 57000 f'c
E=
3605 ksi
I=
I=
BH
12
422
in4
0.07 in
max
----------------- 1
b) Point Load
0.9 k

i)
P=
max
max
0.9 k
PL3
3 EI
0.14 in
0.47 k
1 ft
ii)
P=
0.47 k
----------------- 2
b=
a=
max
max
12 in
78 in
Pb2
max
6 EI
0.0019 in
max
(D.L)=
(D.L)=
(3L-b)
max
----------------- 3
(1)+ max (2) +

0.21 in
max
(3)
2. Live Load
0.1 K/ft
Uniformly Distributed Load (Udl)

Live udl
w=
max
max
100 lb/ft
0.0083 k/in
wL4
8 EI
(L.L)=
0.04 in
Total Deflection:
Total
max
Total
max
max
(D.L) +
0.26 in
From Staad Pro- Model

max (D.L)=
max (L.L)=
Total
max
0.252 in
0.055 in
0.31 in
max
(L.L)
Torsion & Shear Design
Tu=
Vu=
16
20
k-ft
k
Adnan Mahmood Dar

Beam Size
b=
9
h=
24
Shear Ties # 3
Legged 2
in
in
f'c= 3,000 psi

fy= 40,000 psi
Tu Tcr/4
Torsion may be neglected if

=
By:
0.85
Increase Section Size
Tcr= 4xf'cx[Acp2 / Pcp]

Acp=
216
in2
Pcp=
66
in2
Tcr/4=
Area enclosed by outside beam perimeter
Tu
16
2.42 k-ft
>
Tcr/4
2.42
Torsion must be checked

Tn Tu
Tn = (2x A0 xAtx fyv xCot)/s
531.7011 <
A0= 0.85 Aoh
P h=
54
Aoh =
Cot=
107
in
in2
At /s= Tu /(2 x xA0 x fyv xCot)

At /s=
0.026 in2 / in / leg
* Area of Longitudinal torsional reinforcement
Al= (At / s) x Ph ( fyv / fyl)xCot2

Al=
1.42
in2
Almin= (5 xf'c x Acp)/( fyl) -( At / s) x PhX( fyv / fyl)
(Av+2At)/s = (0.75 x f'c x bw x s)/fy

0.009243
(50 x bw) / fy
0.01125
0.01125
At/s=
At/s=
25 x bw/ fyv
0.005625 in2 / in / leg
0.026363
465.564
Almin= 0.055223 in2
Al=
1.42
in2
Area of Longitudinal Torsional Reiforcement
Stirrups Due to Shear in Beam

Vc= 2x b x d f'c
Vc=
21.2
Vc= 15.9 k
Vs= Vu/ - Vc
Vs=
5.5
Av/s= Vs/fyxd
Av/s=
in2 / in
0.006
* Combined Shear and Torsion Striups

At/s+ Av/ 2s=
0.030 in2 / in / leg

Ab =
Try # 3
s=
0.22
Av=
Smax=
Smax=
Smax=
smax=
S=
#3
0.11
in
#3
in
in
11
Legged
2 Legged
(Av x fy)/(.75xbwxf'c)
23.9
d/2
11
24
11
in2
(Avxfy)/(50xbw)
19.6
Vc= 15.9 k
2 Legged
* Check Maximum Stirrup Spacing:

For Torsion Spacing must not Ph/8 or 12 "
Ph=
54 in
Ph/8=
6.75 in
For Shear Spacing must not exceed d/2 or 24" (Vs

d/2=
10.75
aximum spacing for Stirrups=
6.75
5.5 k < 4f'c x b x d42
k)
* Check Minimum Stirrups Area
(Av+2At)= (0.75 x f'c x bw x s)/fy

0.06
in2
(50 x bw x s) / fy
0.075938
in2
X
Area Provided=
3
0.22
Legged
in2
>
0.08
Stirrups Having Minimum spaci
in2
3
& Maximum Spacing
6.75
By: Adnan Mahmood Dar
Correction Of Moment at Support due to Center-line Analysis

Mu-=
Vu=
1245 k-ft
223 k
4 ksi
21 in
30 in
f'c=
b=
h=
Column Size=
2.83
C=
2.83
size in feets
2.83 ft
Mu (face of Column)= Mu=
Vu C/2
929.0833 k-ft
Negative Moment Redistribution

Mu=
=
d=
1=
Rn/f'c =
Rn/f'c =
929.08 k-ft
11149 k-in
27.5 in
0.85
Mu/(f'c b d2)
t = 0.003[{1/(1-(1-40xRn/(17 xf'c)}-1]
t =
0.1950
0.0066
If t > 0.0075, then calculate permissible percent Redistribution

0.0000
if the value of
>
0.0075
0.0000
Permissible Moment Adjustment= 1000 t

0.0
Permissible Moment Adjustment=
0.00 %
X
<
20
<
20
#8
in
3 11
in
NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES (PVT)

.LTD
PROJECT
Daanish Schools at Fazilpur District
Rajanpur
SUBJECT Under Ground Water Tank
PUNCHING SHEAR CHECK

RAFT
CONCRETE Strength (psi) =
3000
COLUMN SIZE (in)
21 x 21
STRIP THICKNESS (in)
30.0
COVER + BAR DIA (in)
3.0
EFFECTIVE Tickness (in) =

Perimeter (Po)@ d/2 (in)
Section
27.0
= 192.0
Shear Strength
Vc 0.75 4
Vc
FACTORED
fc' Po d
851.82
kip
712.00
kip
SHEAR
SECTION IS OK
...SHEET..OF
JOB NO 3302
BY ADNAN
...CHK
DATE 15-07-2011
HEET..OF
NO 3302
ADNAN
...CHK
15-07-2011
NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES (PVT)

.LTD
....PROJECT
....SUBJECT
PUNCHING SHEAR CHECK

RAFT
CONCRETE Strength (psi) =
3000
COLUMN Diameter (in)
12.0
RAFT THICKNESS (in)
9.0
COVER + BAR DIA (in)
2.0
EFFECTIVE Tickness (in) =

Perimeter (Po)@ d/2 (in)
Section
7.0
=
59.7
Shear Strength
Vc 0.75 4
fc' Po d
Vc
68.62
kip
21.00
kip
FACTORED
SHEAR
SECTION IS OK
...SHEET..OF
.....JOB NO
..BY
...CHK
....DATE
HEET..OF
.....JOB NO
..BY
...CHK
....DATE
COMPUTATION OF FOOTING SIZE/AREA AND BEARING PRESSURE CHECKS
Ftg. #
Mx (Moment Mz (Moment along qn

(k-ft) z-dir) (k-ft)
(k/ft2)
along x-dir)
JOINT. #
P
(k)
FACTOREP
B
(KIP)
q1
(k/ft2)
q2
(k/ft2)
q3
(k/ft2)
q4
(k/ft2)
40
519
1.3
19.0
1.90
21.00
20.00
20.00
400.0
1.44
1.41
1.44
1.41
40
40
491
466
47.0
161.0
348.0
75.0
1.90
1.90
237.00
167.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
400.0
400.0
1.65
1.46
1.12
1.35
1.58
1.22
1.05
1.10
40
40
54
438
413
200
205.0
319.0
4.0
402.0
219.0
1.0
1.90
1.90
1.90
232.00
166.00
252.00
20.00
7.50
9.50
20.00
7.50
9.50
400.0
56.3
90.3
1.66
15.73
2.47
1.06
9.50
2.46
1.35
6.65
2.42
0.75
0.42
2.40
327
328
318
121
188
149
4.0
2.0
4.0
33.0
3.0
2.0
2.64
2.64
2.64
167.00
232.00
190.00
8.00
9.00
8.00
8.00
9.00
8.00
64.0
81.0
64.0
2.51
2.59
2.63
1.74
2.54
2.58
2.42
2.56
2.54
1.65
2.51
2.49
319
188
3.0
1.0
2.64
235.00
9.00
9.00
81.0
2.59
2.57
2.54
2.52
(ft.)
H
(ft.)
A(pro) (ft2)
NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES

PAKISTAN (PVT) LIMITED
SHEET
SIMS
PROJECT
2706
ADNAN
JOB NO
BY
L.G.R.P
CHK
DATE
COLUMN
c2
z-dir
Vu(Beam)-B
(k)
Vc(Beam)-H
(k)
x-dir
c1
Ftg. #
COMPUTATION
OF FOOTING
h=
24db*As(re
As(reqd) in As(pro) in
h(STD)
h(pro)
qd)/As(pro)
col (sq.in) col (sq.in)
(in)
(in)
+3
(in)
3.560
3.500
19.71
12
21
1.220
2.000
13.02
12
15
1.220
1.220
19.43
21
21
(in.)
(in.)
fc'
(lb/in2)
BAR NO
40
40
40
13.3
12
12
13.3
12
12
3000
3000
3000
6
6
6
40
40
54
12
12
12
12
12
12
3000
3000
3000
6
6
6
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.220
21.00
19.43
19.43
21
21
21
327
328
318
12
12
12
12
12
12
3000
3000
3000
6
6
6
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.220
19.43
19.43
19.43
319
12
12
3000
1.220
1.220
19.43
JOINT. #
c1
c2
DEPTH AND SHEAR CHECKS

(in.)
qu
(k/ft2)
18.5
12.5
18.5
127.20
98.00
122.00
0.08
1.05
0.69
386.67
201.29
370.86
29.91
416.29
272.27
364.78
246.48
364.78
12.03
177.91
110.12
364.78
246.48
364.78
12.03
177.91
110.12
21
21
21
18.5
18.5
18.5
122.00
122.00
122.00
1.29
14.81
2.85
370.86
370.86
370.86
505.95
737.44
238.51
364.78
136.79
173.27
204.63
189.77
73.24
364.78
136.79
173.27
204.63
189.77
73.24
21
21
21
21
21
21
18.5
18.5
18.5
122.00
122.00
122.00
3.28
2.93
3.08
370.86
370.86
370.86
188.81
218.25
177.09
145.91
164.15
145.91
51.41
64.78
48.22
145.91
164.15
145.91
51.41
64.78
48.22
21
21
18.5
122.00
2.95
370.86
220.06
164.15
65.32
164.15
65.32
Pro B (ft.)
Pro H (ft.)
d (in.)
bo
Vc(Punch)
(k)
Vu
(k)
Vc(Beam)-B
(k)
Vu(Beam)-H
(k)
COMPUTATION OF Mu (K') AND As (sq. in)

Ftg. #
JOINT#
qu
(k/ft2)
fy
(lb/in2)
Mu(Beam)-B
(k-ft/ft)
40
40
40
0.08
1.05
0.69
60000
60000
60000
3.39
47.46
31.22
40
40
54
1.29
14.81
2.85
60000
60000
60000
327
328
318
3.28
2.93
3.08
319
2.95
Mu(Beam)-H
(k-ft/ft)
As(Min.)
(In.2/ft)
As(Reqd)B
(In.2/ft)
As(Reqd)H
(In.2/ft)
Prod. As-B
(In.2/ft)
3.39
47.46
31.22
0.45
0.32
0.45
0.04
1.00
0.41
0.04
1.00
0.41
0.45
1.00
0.45
0.45
1.00
0.45
5
2
5
8
3
8
11
5
11
5
2
5
8
3
8
11
5
11
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
21
15
21
58.01
78.22
25.71
58.01
78.22
25.71
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.77
1.06
0.33
0.77
1.06
0.33
0.77
1.06
0.45
0.77
1.06
0.45
3
2
5
4
3
8
6
5
11
3
2
5
4
3
8
6
5
11
20.00
7.50
9.50
20.00
7.50
9.50
21
21
21
60000
60000
60000
20.10
23.42
18.85
20.10
23.42
18.85
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.26
0.30
0.24
0.26
0.30
0.24
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
5
5
5
8
8
8
11
11
11
5
5
5
8
8
8
11
11
11
8.00
9.00
8.00
8.00
9.00
8.00
21
21
21
60000
23.62
23.62
0.45
0.31
0.31
0.45
0.45
11
11
9.00
9.00
21
NOTE: Cover to the centroid of bars in both directions is assumed to be 3.5"
Prod. As-H
(In.2/ft)
#4-Reinf.B
(in. c/c)
#5-Reinf.B
(in. c/c)
#6-Reinf.B
(in. c/c)
#4-Reinf.H
(in. c/c)
#5-Reinf.H
(in. c/c)
#6-Reinf.H
(in. c/c)
h(pro)
(in)
Project : Parking at Chita Mor, Murree

Stone masonry Drain Nullah
h=
2.25
7.38
K=
0.7
m
ft
Soil Co-efficent
Density
Stone =
Soil =
0.127
0.12
Kcf
Kcf Saturated
K (sliding) =
0.7
Sliding Coo-efficient
Z=
0.3
For Earth Quake
i) Stabilizing Forces and Moments :

Weight of Stone Work
Designation Width Heigh Wieght
(in)
t (ft)
(K)
W1
28
7.38
2.19
W2
28
5.74
1.70
W3
28
4.10
1.21
=
5.10 k
Weight of Soil
Designation Width Heigh Wieght
(in)
t (ft)
(K)
S1
S2
28
28
1.14
2.78
=
0.32
0.78
1.10
a) Resisting Moments
Due to weight of Stone Masonry
MR (SM) =
6.68
K-ft/ft
Due to weight of soil

MR (Soil) =
2.43
K-ft/ft
Total Resisting Moment

MR (Total)=
9.11
K-ft/ft
a) Sliding Force
weight of stone Masonry =
5.10
weight of soil=
1.10
Total Sliding Force=
4.34
ii) Earth Pressure :

Pressure=
0.62
K/ft2
a) Force due to eatrth pressure

P=
2.29
K/ft
b) Overturning Momemt Due to earth pressure

Mo =
5.63
K-ft/ft
iii) Earth quake :

a) Force due to eatrth-quake
F=
1.86
K/ft
b) Overturning Momemt Due to earth-quake

Mo =
6.52
K-ft/ft
iv) Factor of Safety :

a) Overturning Moment
Due to Earth Pressure
F o=
1.62
> 1.5
Okey
Due to Earth-quake
F o=
1.40
> 1.5
Not Okey
b) Sliding Force
Due to Earth Pressure
Fs =
1.90
> 1.5
Okey
> 1.5
Okey
Due to Earth-quake
Fs =
2.33
NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES (PVT.)

RCC RETAINING WALL DESIGN FOR
LTD. LAHORE, PAKISTAN.
PARKING LOTS AT CHITTA MOR, MURREE
JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL
Compressive Strength of Concrete @ 28 days =
fc'
3,000
Yield Strength of Reinforcing Steel =
fy
60,000
Unit weight of Soil =
110
Unit weight of Concrete =
150
Friction angle of the Soil =

Inclination of Wall with vertical =
Wall Friction Angle =
Inclination of Soil Surface =
tan-1(Kh/1-Kv) =
=
=
=
=
30
0
0
0
11.31
Horizontal Acceleration in g's =
Kh
0.2
Vertical Acceleration in g's =
Kv
Net allowable bearing pressure of Soil =
qall
2.9
Coefficient of friction between soil and concrete, = tan
0.58
Depth of footing below grade =
w
h1
4.0
Stem height above grade =
h2
16.0
Total wall height =
20.0
Thickness of stem at top =
H
b3
1.0
Thickness of stem at bottom =
b3
1.0
Additional thickness of stem at bottom =
b2
0.5
Surcharge =
SHEET46 OF 67
S. M. IDREES RAZA
SENIOR ENGINEER STRUCTURES

JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
Total thickness of stem at bottom = b2+b3
1.5
Length of heal slab =
b4
7.00
Length of toe slab =
b1
4.00
Total length of footing =
12.5
Thickness of heal =
B
hf
2.25
Thickness of soil above toe slab =
hs
1.75
Total stem height =

Seismic Zone =
=
=
17.75
2
Active earth pressure coefficient, (1-sin/1+sin) =
h
Z
ka
0.33
Passive earth pressure coefficient, (1+sin/1-sin) =
kp
3.00
Active earth using Mononobe-Okabe Equation =
kAE
0.47
Passive earth using Mononobe-Okabe Equation =
kPE
2.63
Pressure due to Surcharge =
p1
kaw =
Corresponding force due to Surcharge =
P1
kawH =
Pressure due to retain soil =
p2
kasH =
Corresponding force due to retained soil =
P2
p2H =
Passive force =
KPEsh12 =
Magnitude of vertical forces and their moments about toe (point A)

Forces
Arm (to point A)
(kips)
(ft)
Ww1
()*h*b2*c
b1+(2/3)*b2
=
=
=
Ww2
=
=
Wf
Ry
2.663
B*hf*c
4.33
b1+b2+(b3/2)
=
=
B/2
4.219
b4*h*s
6.25
B-(b4/2)
=
=
9.00
B-(b4/2)
13.67
(w/1000)*b4
0.00
9.00
=
=
=
Wq
5.00
=
Ws
0.665625
h*b3*c
Moment about A
(ft-kips)
MCW
21.214 kips
(clockwise)
Moment produced by active thrust Pa about toe (point A)
Forces
Arm (to point A)
(kips)
(ft)
=
P1
0.00
P2
Pa
H/2
=
=
7.33
7.33 kips
SHEET47 OF 67
Moment about A
(ft-kips)
=
10
H/3
666667
=
MCCW
S. M. IDREES RAZA

JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
(counter clockwise)
MA
MCW - MCCW -Ry * X
X
Eccentricity, e
Pressure under footing base, p
=
=
=
=
5.50 ft
B/2-X
0.75 ft
//
Ry
21.214 kips
e*Ry
15.909 ft-kips
1*B
12.5
(1*B3)/12
162.76 ft4
Hence pmax
2.31
kips/ft2 OK
& pmin
1.09
kips/ft2
Factor of Safety against Sliding

Factor of Safety against Overturning
= (F+)/
= /
=
=
2.03
3.39
Check thickness of Heal

Factored Shear, Vu
1.6Wq+1.2Ws+1.2Wc
Wq
0.00
kips
Ws
13.67
kips
Wc
b4*hf*c
Factored Shear, Vu
19.24
Vu
Vc
Vu
=
=
0.75
*2*fc'*b*d
b
d
hf
=
=
12
19.5
d+3inch cover+1/2 bar dia
hf
23.01
inch
hf
1.92
ft
Design of Heal
Factored Moment, Mu
2.36
ft2
OK
OK
kips
kips
inch
inch
OK
= 1.6[b4/2]+1.2[b4/2]+1.2[b4/2]
Mu
67.33
ft-kips
As,reqd
0.85
inch2
Bar size
Bar area
0.44
inch2
Bar spacing
6.22
inch
SHEET48 OF 67
S. M. IDREES RAZA

Provide
Design of Stem
Factored Moment, Mu
=
=
As,reqd
JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
6.20 inch c/c
1.6[p1/2+/22/3]
61.61
ft-kips
=(12000)/(0.90.9)
=
(12*(b2+b3))-clear cover-(1/2) bar dia
15.5
inch
As,reqd
0.98
inch2
Bar size
Bar area
0.44
inch2
Bar spacing
Provide
=
#
5.40
inch
@
Check thickness of Stem

Vc
*2*fc'*b*d
15.28
where d
5.40 inch c/c
kips
Vu
= 1.6 [p1+2/2]
Vu
SHEET49 OF 67
10.41
kips
OK
S. M. IDREES RAZA

JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
psi
psi
pcf
pcf
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
ksf
psf
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
SHEET50 OF 67
S. M. IDREES RAZA

JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
FOR
ZONE 1 &
2
FOR
ZONE 3 &
4
0.00
ksf
0.00
kips
0.73
ksf
7.33
kips
2.64
kips
Moment about A
2.88
13.31
26.37
123.01
0.00
165.57 ft-kips
Moment about A
P1*H/2
0
P2*H/3
48.8906
48.89
ft-kips
SHEET51 OF 67
S. M. IDREES RAZA

JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
b4/2]+1.2[b4/2]
SHEET52 OF 67
S. M. IDREES RAZA

SHEET53 OF 67
JOB NO: SA-232

BY: IDR
S. M. IDREES RAZA
Development Lengths Tables

Development Length in Tension
# 6 and Smaller Bar=
Ref: ACI-318-08, Clause 12.2.2
# 7 and Larger Bars=
* d shall not be less than 12 in (Clause: 12.2.1)
Top Barswhere horizontal reinforcement is placed such that more than 12 in of concrete is cast bel
the development length or splice,
Fy =
40000 psi
Development length in tension (in)
Bar
Fc'
(psi)
3000
4000
5000
Fy =
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
14
12
12
19
16
15
24
21
18
28
25
22
42
36
32
47
41
37
53
46
41
59
51
46
414 Mpa
Development length in tension (mm)
Bar
Fc'
(Mpa)
21
28
35
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
356
305
305
483
406
381
610
533
457
711
635
559
1067
914
813
1194
1041
940
1346
1168
1041
1499
1295
1168
Other Bars
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(psi)
3000
4000
5000
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(Mpa)
21
where
40000 psi
Development length in tension (in)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
12
12
12
15
13
12
18
16
14
22
19
17
32
28
25
37
32
28
41
36
32
46
40
35
414 Mpa
Development length in tension (mm)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
305
381
457
559
813
940
1041
1168
28
35
305
305
330
305
406
356
483
432
711
635
813
711
914
813
1016
889
Development Length in Compression

=
AND
* units of 0.0003 are Sq-in/lb
* dc shall not be less than 8 in (Clause: 12.3.1)
Whichever is Larger
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(psi)
3000
4000
5000
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(Mpa)
21
28
35
60000 psi
Development length in compression (in)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
8
8
8
11
9
9
14
12
11
16
14
14
19
17
16
22
19
18
25
21
20
27
24
23
414 Mpa
Development length in compression (mm)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
209
203
203
278
241
229
348
301
286
417
361
343
487
422
400
556
482
457
626
542
514
696
602
572
18-08, Clause 12.2.2
2 in of concrete is cast below
ause 12.2.4
#11
65
57
51
#11
1651
1448
1295
ause 12.2.4
#11
50
43
39
#11
1270
1092
991
in (Clause: 12.3.1)
#11
30
26
25
#11
765
663
629
Splice Lengths Tables

Splice Length in Tension (Class-B)
# 6 and Smaller Bar=
1.3
# 7 and Larger Bars=
1.3
Ref: ACI-318-08, Clause 12.15.1
* Splice length in tension shall not be less than 12 in (Clause: 12.15.1)
Top Bars
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(psi)
3000
4000
5000
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(Mpa)
21
28
35
40000 psi
Splice length in tension (in)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
27
23
22
36
33
29
47
40
36
56
48
43
81
70
62
92
81
72
104
90
81
116
100
90
414 Mpa
Splice length in tension (mm)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
693
594
561
925
826
726
1189
1024
925
1420
1222
1090
2047
1783
1585
2344
2047
1816
2642
2278
2047
2939
2543
2278
Other Bars
Fy =
40000 psi
Bar
Fc'
(psi)
3000
4000
5000
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(Mpa)
21
28
35
Splice length in tension (in)

#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
21
18
17
29
25
22
35
31
27
43
36
33
62
55
48
72
61
55
81
69
62
88
77
69
414 Mpa
Splice length in tension (mm)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
528
462
429
726
627
561
892
792
693
1090
925
826
1585
1387
1222
1816
1552
1387
2047
1750
1585
2245
1948
1750
* Splice length shall be Class-A splice if "the area of reinforcement provided is at least twice that required by
analysis over the entire length of the splice" or "one half or less of the total reinforcement is spliced within
required lap length". (Clause: 12.15.2)

* when bars of different sizes are lap spliced in tension, splice length shall be the larger of Development leng
larger bar and tension lap splice length of smaller bar. (Clause: 12.15.3)
* Splices in adjacent bars shall be staggered at least 30 in. (Clause 12.15.6)
Splice Length in Compression

Splice length =
Ref: ACI-318-08, Clause 12.16.1

* units of 0.0005 are Sq-in/lb
* Splice length in compression shall not be less than 12 in (Clause: 12.16.1)

* if fc' > 3000 psi : lap length is to be increased by 1/3 (Clause: 12.16.1)
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(psi)
3000
4000
5000
Fy =
Bar
Fc'
(Mpa)
21
28
35
60000 psi
Splice length in compression (in)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
12
12
12
15
15
15
19
19
19
23
23
23
26
26
26
30
30
30
34
34
34
38
38
38
414 Mpa
Splice length in compression (mm)
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
305
305
305
381
381
381
476
476
476
572
572
572
667
667
667
762
762
762
857
857
857
953
953
953
18-08, Clause 12.15.1
#11
127
111
99
#11
3236
2807
2510
#11
98
85
75
#11
2477
2146
1915
least twice that required by

nforcement is spliced within the
e larger of Development length of
#11
41
41
41
#11
1048
1048
1048

Reinf. Area

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Hook development Length required

Consult clause# 12.5.3

By: Adnan Mahmood Dar

NO. OF BAR Area

For Single Reinforced

Torsion Steel Provided

Add At due to Torsion

Zone 1-2 Shear

& Torsion Stirrups

Area of Steel For Singly Reinforced Beam

Area of Steel For Doubly Reinforced Beam

NO. OF BARArea (in2)

Beam- Shear Stirrups

Sayyed Muhammad Idrees Raza

B - DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM

Confirm that compression bars would yield at failure as assumed

Above min. reinforcement limit

Sayyed Muhammad Idrees Raza

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF T-BEAMS

bw dbut should not be less than

In the above case 0.66 controls

Smaller value governs

Check against min

Check moment capacity:

Slab thickness provid

tored dead load, wud

actored live load, wul

otal factored load, wu

one edge continuous

Coefficients for negative moments in slab:

Coefficients for live load positive moments in slab:

Ma,pos,ll Ca,ll* wul * la2

Mb,pos,ll Cb,ll* wul * lb2

Maximum spacing criteria (according to ACI-Code) =

Minimum reinforcement required for shrinkage & cracking

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RISER-TREAD STAIRS

selfweight of riser-tread slab per step

Dead load of step/ft length

Load of finishes (3")

RAX horiz. Length/2

Main steel spacing, s 12*Ab/As

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

Maximum bending moment at centre

RCX horiz. Length/2

Main steel spacing, s 12*Ab/As

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

#4 ties @ 4" c/c

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STAIRS

Width of flight = Landing Width, l

selfweight of riser-tread slab per step

Dead load of step/ft length

Load of finishes (3")

Where l = Overhanging length of steps

Main steel spacing, s 12*Ab/As

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

Main steel spacing, s 12*Ab/As

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

nging length of steps

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

in2 (area of # 4 bar)

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STAIRS

Load of finishes (3")