DIGITIZED BY: ADITYA KAPOOR (ME 14203003), ME Water Resources Engineering

PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh

EXPERIMENT NO. 15
NAME OF EXPERIMENT: - Loss in pipes due to friction.
AIM OF EXPERIMENT:To determine the coefficient of friction for pipes of different diameters.
APPARATUS:A number of horizontal pipes of different diameters, connected at two sections, a known
distance apart, connected to the limbs of an inverted U-tube manometer. A valve fitted with
each pipe to regulate the flow. A discharge measuring tank fitted with a piezometer tube, a
graduated scale and a stop watch.
PROCEDURE:1. Record the diameter d of the pipe and the length L between the sections attached to the
limbs of U-tube manometer.
2. Open the supply valve to allow water to flow in that pipe only.
3. Record the initial water level in the piezometer fitted to the discharge measuring tank and
start the stop watch and find the depth of water collected for a particular time by recording
the final reading of the piezometer.
4. Knowing the area of the measuring tank, flow discharge through the pipe can be obtained.
5. Record the readings of the both limbs of the inverted U-tube manometer, the difference of
which gives the headloss hf.
6. Calculate average velocity through the pipe using the relationship v =

Q
a

where a =area of

cross section of pipe.

7. The Darcy Weisbach coefficient of friction is calculated using the expression, f

2gdhf
lv2

8. Repeat the above steps for different discharge and other pipes of different diameters
taking at least 3 readings for every pipe.
OBSERVATIONS:1. Temperature of water toc =
2. Kinematic viscosity =
3. Dimension of measuring tank L = .. , B = ..
4. Area of measuring tank A

=LB

5. Distance between sections attached to limbs of manometer, l = ..

DIGITIZED BY: ADITYA KAPOOR (ME 14203003), ME Water Resources Engineering

PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh

DIGITIZED BY: ADITYA KAPOOR (ME 14203003), ME Water Resources Engineering

PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh

Particulars

Pipe No.
1st

2nd

3rd

4th

d1 = .. d2 = .. d3 = .. d4 = ..
a1 = .. a2 = .. a3 = .. a4 = ..
1

1. Initial level of water in

measuring tank (h1) =
2. Final level of water in
measuring tank (h2) =
3. Height of water collected

h=h2-h1
4. Time of collection, t=
(secs)
5. Discharge through the
pipe per secs
.
Q=

6. Velocity of water in pipe

V=

Reynolds number of flow Re

Manometer reading left limb =

Manometer reading right limb=
Head loss hf =
Head loss per unit length =
Friction factor f

2gdhf
lv2

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:DISCUSSIONS:DIGITIZED BY: ADITYA KAPOOR (ME 14203003), ME Water Resources Engineering
PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh