Styrene

Persistence of Styrene in the environment is very limited because of its

volatility from soils and surface waters, its rapid destruction in air and its
biodegradation in soils, and surface and ground waters. Styrene is
moderately toxic to aquatic organisms. Due to its high depletion rate from
water the exposure rate may be very low.
Urethane (Ethyl Carbamate)
Acute exposure of humans to high levels of ethyl carbamate may
result in injury to the kidneys and liver and induce vomiting, coma,
or hemorrhages.
Acute exposure of animals has been reported to cause bone
marrow and central nervous system depression.

Acrylic Monomer
Moderate to high levels of acrylic acid in air can cause eye and nasal
damage and systemic toxicity resulting in damage to the kidneys, the liver,
and the lungs of animals. It is unlikely that humans will experience these
systemic effects because of the potential of acrylic acid to irritate the skin,
eye, and respiratory tract.

Vinyl Chloride
Acute Effects:
Acute exposure of humans to high levels of vinyl chloride via
inhalation in humans has resulted in effects on the CNS, such as
dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, and giddiness.
Vinyl chloride is reported to be slightly irritating to the eyes and
respiratory tract in humans.
Acute exposure to extremely high levels of vinyl chloride has
caused loss of consciousness, lung and kidney irritation, and
inhibition of blood clotting in humans and cardiac arrhythmias in
animals.
Cancer Risk:
Inhaled vinyl chloride has been shown to increase the risk of a rare
form of liver cancer (angiosarcoma of the liver) in humans.
Animal studies have shown that vinyl chloride, via inhalation,
increases the incidence of angiosarcoma of the liver and cancer of
the liver

TetraFluoroEthylene

Exposure to Tetrafluoroethylene can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat.

Very high exposure can reduce the Oxygen in the air, causing
lightheadedness, dizziness, poor coordination and passing out.

Tetrafluoroethylene may be a CARCINOGEN in humans since it has been

shown to cause liver, blood, and kidney cancers in animals.

Butadiene

Acute exposure to 1,3-butadiene by inhalation in humans results in

irritation of the eyes, nasal passages, throat, and lungs.
Neurological effects, such as blurred vision, fatigue, headache, and
vertigo, have also been reported at very high exposure levels.

One epidemiological study reported that chronic (long-term) exposure

to 1,3-butadiene via inhalation resulted in an increase in cardiovascular
diseases, such as rheumatic and arteriosclerotic heart diseases, while
other human studies have reported effects on the blood.
Animal studies have reported effects on the respiratory and
cardiovascular systems, blood, and liver from chronic, inhalation
exposure to 1, 3-butadiene.

Propylene
Exposure to high levels of Propylene may harm wildlife. However,
typical environmental levels are not sufficiently high to cause these effects.
The main concern associated with releases of Propene is that, as a VOC, it
may be involved in the formation of ground level ozone, which can damage
crops and materials. It is not considered likely that Propylene pollution has
any effects on the global environment.
Propylene enters the body mainly by inhalation of air containing
propylene, accidental ingestion of propylene (liquid form), or by dermal
contact with propylene. Inhalation of high levels of propylene can lead to a
range of adverse health effects including headaches, dizziness, drowsiness,
confusion, poor coordination, memory loss, numbness of extremities,
seizures and can cause asphyxia. Ingestion of propylene may cause
vomiting, nausea and gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Dermal contact with
propylene can cause skin burns and frostbite. The International Agency for
Research on Cancer has designated propylene as being not classifiable as to
its carcinogenicity to humans. However, exposure to propylene at normal
background levels is unlikely to have any adverse effect on human health.

Technological Institute of the Philippines

363 P. Casal St. Quiapo, Manila

Introduction to Polymers
Various Monomers Effect on Environment

Submitted by:
John Dolph M. Facundo

Submitted to:
Engr. Lina dela Cruz

September 17, 2015