TIEMPO

AFIRMATIVA

NEGATIVA

INTERROGATIVA

USOS

PISTAS
always, usually, often,
seldom, never, every
day, how often...?

Present Simple

S + V(-s/-es) + C
He works from 9 to 5.

S + Aux (do/does) + not + V(inf) + C

He does not work from 9 to 5.

Aux (do/does) + S + V(inf) + C?

Does he work from 9 to 5?

Hbitos, rutinas, hechos cientficos o que se

repiten habitualmente.

Present
Continuous

S + am/is/are + V(-ing) + C
He is driving to work now.

S + am/is/are + not + V(-ing) + C

He is not working at the moment.

am/is/are + S + V(-ing) + C?
Is he studying in his room?

Hechos que estn ocurriendo ahora.

Actividades temporales.

at the moment, now,

this week, at present

Past Simple

S + V(-ed/2c) + C
He worked here.

S + Aux (did) + not + V(inf) + C

He did not work here.

Aux (did) + S + V(inf) + C?

Did he work here?

Accin que termin en el pasado.

yesterday, last week,

in the 20th century, in
2002, then

Past Continuous

S + was/were + V(-ing) + C
He was watching TV.

S + was/were + not + V(-ing) + C

He was not watching TV.

was/were + S + V(-ing) + C?
Was he watching TV?

Accin que estaba realizndose en el pasado. Se

suele combinar con el Past Simple (acciones
simultneas).

while, when, as,

Present Perfect
Simple

S + have/has + V(-ed/3c) + C
He has lost his key.

S + have/has + not + V(-ed/3c) + C

He has not lost his key.

have/has + S + V(-ed/3c) + C?
Has he lost his key?

Accin que empez en el pasado y que contina

en el presente o cuyos resultados continan en
el presente.

since, for, just,

already, yet, recently,
how long...?

Present Perfect
Continuous

S + have/has + been + V(-ing) + C

He has been painting the ceiling.

S + have/has + not + been + V(-ing) + C

He has not been painting the ceiling.

have/has + S + been + V(-ing) + C?

Has he been painting the ceiling?

Accin que empez en el pasado y:

a. Contina en el presente y se proyecta al
futuro.
b. Los resultados son evidentes.

since, for, recently,

how long...?

Past Perfect
Simple

S + had + V(-ed/3c) + C
He had gone home.

S + had + not + V(-ed/3c) + C

He had not gone home.

had + S + V(-ed/3c) + C?
Had he gone home?

Accin terminada en el pasado, anterior a otra

tambin acabada. Suele combinarse con Past
Simple.

when, by the time

Past Perfect
Continuous

S + had + been + V(-ing) + C

It had been raining.

S + had + not + been + V(-ing) + C

It had not been raining.

had + S + been + V(-ing) + C?

Had it been raining?

Accin en proceso de realizacin en el pasado,

anterior a otra tambin pasada.

when, by the time

Acciones relacionadas con horarios, cuadrantes

y similares.

Future
Present Simple

S + V(-s/-es) + C
My bus leaves at nine.

S + Aux (do/does) + not + V(inf) + C

The film does not start at 7.30.

Aux (do/does) + S + V(inf) + C?

What time does the bus arrive in
Seattle?

will/shall

S + will + V(inf) + C
Perhaps we will find him in the hotel.

S + will + not + V(inf) + C

I think I will not go out tonight.

will + S + V(inf) + C?
Will you help me with this?

Para hablar del futuro en general, no planeado.

Para expresar decisiones espontneas.

tomorrow, in the
future, I think..., I
hope..., perhaps

Present
continuous

S + am/is/are + V(-ing) + C
Im meeting John tomorrow.

S + am/is/are + not + V(-ing) + C

Mary is not coming to the party.

am/is/are + S + V(-ing) + C?
What time are you meeting him?

Para hablar de decisiones personales, ya

planeadas y concertadas. Con verbos de
movimiento (go, come, leave, arrive, drive, fly,
start, travel, etc), accin a punto de comenzar.

in an hour, this
evening, tomorrow

going to

S + am/is/are + going to + V(inf) + C

We are going to buy a new car.

S + am/is/are + not + going to + V(inf) + C

Im not going to accept the job.

am/is/are + S + going to + V(inf) + C?

When are you going to phone Ann?

Para hablar de planes, intenciones o decisiones

que se han tomado. Predicciones cuando hay
evidencias de que la accin va a ocurrir.

will + S + be + V(-ing) + C?
Will you be staying this evening?

Hecho que estar ocurriendo en un momento

del futuro. Hecho que ocurrir en el curso
normal de acontecimientos.

at this time tomorrow,

in a few days

will + S + have + V(-ed/3c) + C?

Will you have repaired my car by
Tuesday?

Hecho que habr acabado en un momento del

futuro.

by then, in a few days,

by the end of year

S + will + be + V(-ing) + C
S + will + not + be + V(-ing) + C
Tomorrow I will be lying on the
David will not be playing on Saturday.
beach.
S + will + have + V(-ed/3c) +C
S + will + not + have + V(-ed/3c) + C
Future Perfect
The meeting will have finished by
We will not have arrived by that time.
then.
inf: infinitivo sin to / 2c: verbos irregulares, 2 columna / 3c: verbos irregulares, 3 columna
Future
continuous