Solutions for

Multi-Network Management and

Service Convergence
g

24 Nov. 2008

Seungpyo Hong (shong74@sktelecom.com)

Institute of Network Technology / SK Telecom
China Mobility International Summit 2008
Contents

Contents

1. Introduction to Multi-Network
2. Resource Management
3 Service Convergence and Continuity
3.
4. Core Network and Terminal Enhancement
5. Business Benefits
6. Summary

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 1

1.1 Introduction - Technology Evolution

For last 10 years, many homogeneous and heterogeneous networks were introduced.

WCDMA: Focus on 3G enhancement and B3G evolution

W-CDMA HSDPA/HSUPA HSPA+, LTE

Cellular
Network p
CDMA : Continuous improvement on EV-DO Network
3.9G
EV-DO
EV-DO UMB(?) 4G
Rev A/B

WiMAX: leverage to provide high-speed data service

WiBro
WiMAX WiMAX
(WiMAX) 802.16m
Wave1 Wave2

HSUPA: High-Speed Uplink Packet Access, LTE: Long Term Evolution

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 2

1.2 Introduction - Deployment Status

In past time, the strategy was simple - just deploy GSM/CDMA base stations & expand the coverage
But now, the choice is multiple and cost efficiency and service convergence must be considered

5 years later
GSM(+ GPRS, EDGE)
Now
CDMA(+ 1x, EVDO, Rev.A)
5 years ago GSM(+
( GPRS
GPRS, EDGE) WCDMA(+ ( HSDPA
HSDPA, HSUPA)
CDMA(+ 1x, EVDO, Rev.A) TD-SCDMA
GSM Wireless LAN(a/b/g/n)
WCDMA(+ HSDPA, HSUPA)
CDMA WiMAX(+ Wave2)
TD-SCDMA
( S iDEN))
(PHS, +
Wireless LAN(a/b/g/n)
HSPA+
WiMAX(+ Wave2)
LTE(+ LTE Advanced)
802 16m
802.16m
Network Deployment in Korea

CDMA
CDMA CDMA + WCDMA + WiMAX WCDMA + ?
(1x, EVDO) (HSDPA/UPA) (Wave2) WiMAX

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 3

1.3 Introduction - Considerations

Considerations

- Resource Management
: How
H can th
the operator
t classify
l if user traffic?
t ffi ?
- Service Convergence and Continuity
: Can I use the same application over heterogeneous network?
: Is its execution continuous?
- Core Network and Terminal Enhancement
: Scalable contents, Same infra over CS, PS and wireline
: Technical consideration and cost problem

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 4

2. Resource Management – Policy based management

Multi-network resource can be managed by policy-driven method

Common polices are
- user preference
- user class according to tariff
- user application / required QoS
- terminal deployment status

WCDMA IMS PBNA, policy

P CSCF
P-CSCF driven management
FA

Node-B RNC SGSN GGSN

ANDSF
Dual-Mode BcN Server
Terminal FA

RAS ACR Edge Router Internet

AAA MIP HA DHCP/
WiMAX DNS

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 5

3.1 Service Convergence

Service convergence : same user experience over

- Different contents format
- Heterogeneous delivery networks
- Various terminal devices

Contents
Scalable Format
Server
( ex. QVGA/ VGA/
Full HD scale Core LTE
in one source) Smart phone:
Network Bandwidth < 1Mbps
Screen: 3”/ QVGA
Public Network
WCDMA
Laptop:
Bandwidth ~ 10Mbps
Screen: 15” / VGA
WiMAX
Q
QoS – aware
Delivery Network
( ex. wireline/
Same User Interface
mobile narrowband /
IPTV: over Various Devices
mobile broadband)
Bandwidth > 10Mbps ( ex. TV, PC, laptop,
Screen: 40” / Full HD Smart phone, handset)

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 6

3.2 Service Convergence in SK Telecom

Users can feel it as “same service” with unified marketing & brand
Unified marketing includes
- Unified billing and customer care
- User interface (Continuity is not a compulsory feature)

Social
S i l Network
N t k Service
S i Mobile Broadband Service
SKT Music Service (like iTunes)
(like Facebook)
- Access technology independent
- Scalable contents format
- Provided over wireline and (It can be HSDPA/UPA or WiMAX)
(64/128/192/256kbps)
wireless network
- Terminals can be USB modem,
- Provided over wireline and
- Enjoyable on PC platform PC card, PMP, laptop
wireless network
and cell phones

- Enjoyable on PC platform,
cell phones and
over 50 mp3 players

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 7

3.3 Service Continuity

Service continuity can be provided by

- Link layer tunneling or
- Network layer mobility management (various kind of mobile IP)
But, service continuity is NOT a critical feature
- Simple web browsing does not require IP continuity
- Streaming applications (mobile VoIP,
VoIP mobile VOD) are not popular yet due to data tariff

Mobility between
Contents homogeneous
Server networks
( 3GPP TS 23.401)

Core LTE
Network Multi-mode device with
WCDMA / LTE / WiMAX mode
Public Network
WCDMA

Mobility between
heterogeneous
CDMA / WiMAX networks
( 3GPP TS 23.402)
23 402)

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 8

4.1 Core Network – Un-Optimized handover

Un-optimized handover between heterogeneous networks

- No additional Interface, no additional node for cross-network handover
- Billing or authentication (AAA) can be integrated
- Dual mode terminal(UE) access each network as a separate network
- Dual radio UE operation (both side active)
(*) Handover delay : ~ several seconds

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 9

4.2 Core Network – Optimized handover

Optimized handover between heterogeneous networks

- IP Mobility Management by MME
- Data forwarding by serving gateway
- Unified billing, authentication (AAA)
- Single radio UE operation, less power consumption
(*) Handover delay : ~ several hundreds milliseconds
SWx
HSS
Operator’s IP
SGi
S6a Services
(e.g. IMS, PSS)
PDN 3GPP AAA
Gateway Server
S6b
S10
Gx
S5 PCRF Rx
S1-MME MME STa
S11
S1-U Serving
UE E-UTRAN Gxc
Gateway

S2a
S101 S103

HRPD
access Gxa
HRPD IOS HSGW
AN

S101: signaling interface between EPS and HRPD access for pre-registration, handover
S103: traffic interface between E-UTRAN and HRPD access for downlink data forwarding
MME: Mobility Management Entity

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 10

4.3 Terminal Architecture

Multi-mode Terminal Architecture (Example)

- Sufficient battery to support dual mode operation
Instant … ...
- Mobility management protocol (ex. Mobile IP)
Web
Applications Messaging Browser

- Unified authentication unit Control

SIP Client … ... Mobile IP
Protocols
- Handover decision
Client

- Optimized handover execution O&M Upper Layer APIs

( Proprietary)
UDP / TCP Mobility
IP Stack Management
Handover decision, 802 . 21 Mobility (Mobile IP)
Middleware
preparation, ( MIHF & Mobility Policy )

execution
Lower
Layer APIs

USIM for both AKA

P)
802.21 SAP (maps to n ew and existing .16 SAP
Cellular WiBRO WCDMA

802.21 SAP (maps to existing WCDMA SAP)

WCDMA Security Modem Modem

and WiBro
USIM WiBro
NAS
L2

A
Access
WiBro
Stratum
PHY

Cellular
Batter for Battery PHY

Dual radio ON

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 11

4.4 Terminal Architecture – Handover decision

Handover decision issue

- Various radio environment
: A single rule cannot be enough
- Coverage holes cannot be pre-noticed (ex. basement)
- So, dual mode ON is the best policy

- Coverage holes make terminal behavior complex

: Hysteresis mechanism is necessary
to p
prevent frequent
q handover
: By timer or counter

Signal
Strength

Sustainable
RF Level

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 12

6.1 Business Benefits – CapEx reduction

Data traffic need is growing fast due to smart phone, laptop, …

But nationwide coverage is not an efficient strategy
- Revenue growth is slower than traffic growth (CapEx > Tariff)
- There are already existing nationwide networks such as GSM/GPRS or CDMA/1x
So, New networks (WiMAX, HSPA+, LTE..) will be deployed only in island coverage

Demand for broadband data

Data rate Only 10~20%
CapEx is necessary

Complementary
LTE/WiMAX Network
(Island Coverage)
WCDMA(HSPDA)
Main Network
(Full Coverage)
CDMA/1X/EVDO

S
Seoul
l M t
Metropolitan
lit S b b
Suburban M j Cities
Major Citi R
Rural
l

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 13

6.2 Business Benefits – Efficient usage of network resource

In hot spots, heavy data traffic can be forwarded to complementary network such as WiMAX or WiFi

WiFi is very attractive solution for nomadic users

- WiFi hot spots are already deployed
- bandwidth is sufficient for mobile terminals

WiMAX can be used in

- dense urban cities to reduce traffic burden in cellular network
- rural areas as a fixed broadband service

Price of Packet Service

35
3.5
3.000 3.000
3.0
In most cases, cost for WiMAX is
er Megabyte

2.5

2.0 1.800 cheaper than that of cellular network.

1.5 So heavy data traffic should be
US$ pe

1.0 serviced by WiMAX network

0.462
0.5 0.188 0.180 0.120 0.057 0.018
0.0
SKT Mobile Video on Voice call Video call HSDPA HSDPA WiBro WiBro
contents Internet Demand regular premium regular premium

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 14

6.3 Business Benefits – Real service convergence

There are several risk factors in multi-network environment

Increased traffic needs ?

Increased CapEx / OpEx ?

Limited coverage ? And they can be solved by …

Service convergence ?

Service continuity ?

Same user experience

Service
Convergence
Unified Marketing In CapEx / OpEx
(Common Brand, Billing) Multi-Network reduction
Environment

Better quality for

all users
(better resource
management) t)

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 15

6. Summary

In multi-network environment,

- WiFi and WiMAX will be best choice as complementary networks in near term

- Marketing convergence (common brand, billing, UI) is important for same user experience

- Continuity can be achieved by mobile IP or tunneling, but only a few services require it

- Eco system
y should be ready
y for competitive
p p
product/service

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 16

 謝謝!
Thank you !

SK Telecom / China Mobility International Summit 2008 17