Singapore Leap Proceedings

PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
ISSN 2454-5899
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
3rd International Conference on Learning, Education and Pedagogy
(LEAP), Singapore 2016
June 28-29, 2016
Conference Venue
Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Executive Centre,
Singapore
Email: info@adtelweb.org
http://adtelweb.org/
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3rd International Conference on Learning, Education and Pedagogy (LEAP), Singapore 2016, June 28-29, 2016
Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Executive Centre, Singapore

ISSN 2454-5899
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Nabhit Kapur, Psychologist, Psycho-Therapist And Psychometric Analyst
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The Place of Instructional Materials in Quality Education at Primary
School Level in Katsina State, Nigeria
Murtala Sale
Department of Education, College of Science and Technology, Hassan
Usman Katsina Polytechnic, Katsina State, Nigeria
murtalasale2013@gmail.com
Murtala Sale
GIC16044051
Abstract
The use of instructional materials is an indispensable tool that enhances
qualitative teaching and learning especially at the primary level.
Instructional materials are used to facilitate comprehension of ideas in
the learners as well as ensure long term retention of ideas and topics
taught to pupils. This study examined the relevance of using
instructional materials in primary schools in Katsina State, Nigeria. It
employed survey design using cluster sampling technique. The
questionnaire was used to gather data for analysis, and statistical and
frequency tables were used to analyze the data gathered. The results
show that teachers and students alike have realized the effectiveness of
modern instructional materials in teaching and learning for the
attainment of set objectives in the basic primary education policy. It
also discovered that reluctance in the use of instructional materials will
hamper the achievement of qualitative primary education. The study
therefore suggests that there should be the provision of adequate and
up-to-date instructional materials to all primary schools in Katsina
State for effective teaching and learning process
Umar Fauzan
GIC16044052
Improving Speaking Ability of EFL Students through Debate and

Peer Assessment
Umar Fauzan
State Islamic Institution of Samarinda, Indonesia
umarfauzan@yahoo.com
Abstract
The objective of the study was to implement the debate technique and
peer assessment to improve the third semester students speaking
ability. This study employed classroom action research and it was done
in two cycles. There were four meetings in each cycle; three meetings
was for the implementing debate in the teaching of speaking and one
meeting was for conducting speaking test. The instruments used to
collect the data were: (1) observation checklist, (2) field-note, (3) score
sheet, and (4) questionnaire. The result of the research showed that the
criteria of success had been reached. There were two aspects
determined as the success criteria; score improvement and classroom
atmosphere. The students gradually could express their thought and
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opinions in debate practice. This activity encouraged the students
creativity to explore the language, since they were asked to develop
their arguments from certain motions. The motions were made familiar
to them so that they found it easy to speak on the topics. By practicing
speaking in the debate practice, they improved their fluency as well as
their confidence. The result of speaking test presented that the students
had made some progress, the average scores raised from 60 in pre-test,
69 in cycle 1 and 75 in cycle 2. These scores indicated an increasing
ability from being fair to being good. To sum up, the debate and
peer assessment can improve the speaking ability of the English
department students of IAIN Samarinda.
Keywords: Speaking, CAR, Debate, Peer Assessment
School Viability: A Case Study Of Victoria Heights School In The
Philippines
Dary Dacanay
Education Leadership And Management Department, De La Salle
University Manila
dary.e.dacanay@gmail.com
Dary Dacanay
GIC16044053
Abstract
Some Schools are not performing as well as it has or should be. Whats
happening? Canit be remedied? Do you have to consider closing the
school? The researchers of the study aimed to determine a school
viability and sustainability as well as to look for ways to reinvigorate
the institution, assessing the school leadership and operations that
change the quality of education of the school for their future reference.
Accreditation is the tool used in the Philippines and around the world,
to monitor, assess, and evaluate the standards and quality of the
education a student receives at a school. A research has been conducted,
by six doctoral students of De La University-Manila on the case of
Victoria Heights School Manila as one of their outputs for the course on
Dissertation Writing. The school was undergoing improvements to
sustain its viability under a new management. The researchers assessed
the school using a modified accrediting tool. The benefits of such
process enabled the school to assess the quality of its education. Because
of the process, new students, returning students, and families of
students can trust the school they are paying for is valuable and worth
their time, money, and effort. The process of accreditation indicates
that a school meets the standards of quality set by the researchers, in
terms of: 1) Community Involvement; 2) Curriculum; 3) Faculty; 4)
Student Services; 5) Library; 6) Laboratory; 7) Vision, Mission and
Goals; 8) Physical Plant and Administration. The research examines
the assumption among professional educators that accreditation
processes play an important role in school improvement. In order to
examine this assumption, the researchers studied how a current
accreditation process designed for use by the Philippine.Accrediting
Association of Schools, Colleges and Universities (PAASCU) was
implemented in many schools in the Philippines. The purpose of the
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study was to ascertain whether the accreditation process led to school
improvement. The school improvement will be defined as both a
thorough evaluation of the school's performance on central aspects of
its mission and as changes in various structures and processes that
support organizational growth and improvement. This study proposed
a strategy of inquiry that was qualitative in nature and approach. In
particular the study dealt with a small school made up of no more than
500 students. The researchers wanted to assess the overall school
educational areas. Therefore in keeping within a qualitative nature, a
set of face-to-face interviews, direct observation and document
retrievals were administered to assess the various aspects of an
educational institution within a small school environment.
Keywords:Viability,Accreditation,Assessment,Curriculum
Development, Leadership
Factors Affecting the Decline of Ilocano Bilingual Speaking Teenagers
during Communication in Baguio City
Kara Patricia Go Agbayani
University of the Philippines - Baguio
karapatgoagbayani@gmail.com
Kara Patricia Go Agbayani

GIC16044054
Abstract
This study analysed the choice of language by teenagers during
communication. The researcher sought to understand and identify how
institutions like school, family, and government affect or influence the
appreciation and perception of the younger generation regarding their
choice of language. In doing so, this study is guided by Gramscis notes
in Hegemony. Furthermore, the researcher utilized the concept
language shift and language dominance. This research study is
quantitative in nature.
Just like the famous line of our national hero, Jose Rizal, youth is the
fair hope of our motherland youth is also the fair hope of culture.
Subsequently, language and culture are intertwined with one another
and thus youth is the fore bearer of language. It is the youth who will
continue the blood line of language, for they will also pass on to the
next generation what they have learned. If language shift happen, at the
shallowest level, this may lead to the dying out of some words but in a
deeper analysis, this may lead to language death or worse language
extinction.
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"Reframing the Tale": Finding a New Way to Talk about Stories
Will Arndt
St. Stephen's & St. Agnes School, USA
warndt@sssas.org
Abstract
Will Arndt
GIC16044056
At some point, all students see the same diagram in their English
classThe Story Mountain, The Plot Chart, etc. It looks like an
inverted check mark, and teachers tell students this is how every story
functions: exposition is followed by complications; there is a climax,
and then the denouement. Conflict drives the narrative. In this paper, I
would to propose alternative methods for teaching and discussing
stories with secondary school students and undergraduates. This plot
chart prioritizes conflict and aggression before all else. When creating a
curriculum, it is important to ask not only what you are teaching, but
also what students are learning. In considering this nuance, I have
noticed that my students have internalized the necessity for conflict as a
vital component in their own path to adulthood. They believe that they
need conflict to grow. This paper will draw on my masters thesis, in
which I analyzed the role of conflict in identity-forming rituals, as well
as observations from my own experiences teaching for the past three
years in an elite private school. In the 21st Century, we should expect
more from our students and offer alternatives to the base and simplistic
model provided by the plot chart. As citizens of a modern world, the
map to forming their own identities should be full of possibilities
beyond a single line to a single peak.
Utilization of E-learning tools by Office Technology and
Management Lecturers, Lessons from North-Western Nigeria
Polytechnics
Rabi'u Mohammed Kankia
Department of OTM, Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic,
Nigeria
dauaminu@gmail.com
Abstract
Rabi'u Mohammed Kankia

GIC16044058
The emergence of e-learning is one of the most powerful revolutions in

education. Utilization of e-learning tools is of paramount importance in
teaching and learning. This study examined the utilization of e-learning
tools among Office Technology and Management lecturers in northwestern part of Nigeria polytechnics. Two research questions were
answered and two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance.
The population of the study consists of 86 OTM lecturers in eight
polytechnics in North Western Nigeria. A five point scale Likert type
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was used to provide answer for each questionnaire item. While t-test
was used in testing the two hypotheses. The major findings were that
there was poor utilization of e-learning tools among lecturers in north
western Nigeria polytechnics, and that there was acute shortage of elearning tools in polytechnics in the region. It is recommended that the
institutions management should provide the necessary e-learning tools
to the OTM departments and the lecturers must embrace e-learning in
earnest, so as to enlist in the global e-learning family.
Keywords:Utilization, e-learning, tools, OTM, polytechnics
The Use of Alternative Assessments by an ODL University
Odette Swart
Unisa College of Accounting Sciences
swarto@unisa.ac.za
Abstract
Odette Swart
GIC16044059
Chun Zhang
GIC16044063
Due to the high cost of education and logistical problems surrounding

attending classes at residential universities, more and more students
prefer to study through distance education. At Unisa, the largest ODL
University in South Africa, e-tutors and various technology enhanced
methods are used in modules to assist students online. Use is also made
of discussion forums where students can interact with fellow students
by using an online platform. The need arose to assess students by
making use of alternative assessments in certain cases and thus moving
away from traditional venue-based examinations. Action research was
used to accommodate different forms of alternative assessments and
specifically by using take-home assessments as an alternative
technology enhanced method to assess students in a number of modules.
Various parties had to be consulted and pilot studies were conducted to
address the needs of academics and students. Feedback was received
and used to improve the systems developed. This paper provides an
understanding of the lessons learned of take-home examinations as
alternative assessments by a mega university in an ODL environment.
Extending Face to Face Interactions: Understanding and Developing an
Online Teacher and Family Community
Chun Zhang
Division of Curriculum & Teaching, Fordham University,USA
czhang@fordham.edu
Abstract
Technology has been quickly changing human interactions, traditional
practices, and almost every aspect of our lives. It is important to keep
effective face-to-face communication and interactions between teachers
and families. Nonetheless, technology and its tools can also extend and
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enhance family-teacher relationships and partnerships. This paper
reviews definitions for online teacher and family community in early
childhood programs and closely examines the literature associated with
several key elements that comprise the community as recognized by the
authors. Key elements that emerged were common or shared goals,
interactivity, collaboration, and trusting relationships for a working
online community especially among teachers working with families of
children with disabilities. Additionally, practical suggestions for
teachers and family members are provided for developing and
collaborating on an online community.
Keywords:Community,Interactivity,Collaboration,Trusting
Relationships, Family-Teacher Partnerships
Proposed Instructional Guide using a Constructivist Method for
Effective Teaching of History in the Tertiary Level
Jemma M. Gonzales
National University, Philippines
jem_moral@yahoo.com
Jemma M. Gonzales
GIC16044064
Abstract
History is perceived sometimes as one of the most boring subjects in the
tertiary level. Students see it as merely memorization of facts especially
events, dates and people. However, history is a very important subject.
As one of the social sciences, it teaches students about national identity
and most importantly to develop a deeper sense of nationalism. Without
the proper teaching of history, strong nations cannot be built.
This study aims to create an effective instructional guide that uses
constructivist method to be able to effectively teach history in the
tertiary level, and improve the students academic performance. Since
the paradigm used by education today focuses on the students, it is
timely to utilize constructivist methodology to encourage the students to
work actively in their learning. This study identified the most suited
methodologies in constructivism that could effectively bring a desirable
result to students and their history class experience.
2.Methods
The basis for the methodology is Descriptive Evaluative Method. The
three specific methods employed in this study are: survey, class
observation and focus group discussion. These aim to identify the
definite instructional methodologies applied by faculty members of
history. A research expert validated the instrument and underwent a
pre-test to avoid any difficulties in answering. The respondents who
participated in the completion of instruments mentioned above are the
15 faculty members (teaching history) from the University of the East,
Lyceum of the Philippines and University of Caloocan. The survey
questionnaire was composed of 20 selected methods of teachings divided
into 2 parts (9 traditional and 11 constructivist methods). The
instructors were supposed to choose if they apply the following
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methodologies inside the class and the degree/how often they used them.
The traditional and constructivist parts are in mixed to know if the
faculty members are indeed familiar with constructivism. Descriptive
and comparative statistics with cross-tabulation and frequencies were
used. After getting the results, answers were validated thru the
observation of classes with prepared checklist of 15 constructivist
methods to easily identify which among the methodologies are being
applied (meaning if the faculty members apply the methodologies they
chose in the survey). The 15 pre-selected constructivist methods were
based from literature studied by the researcher. The last method (focus
group) was used to specifically choose the constructivist methodologies
that would fit the proposed instructional guide for history teachers
based on the results of the first two instruments. The testing and
validation on how effective the proposed instructional guide is will be
the next step of the research.
3.Expected Results/ Conclusion/ Contribution
For the profile of the participants in this study, 40% of them finished
Bachelor in Secondary Education major in Social studies and 60% of
them have Masters degree in History already. This connotes that the
participants have backgrounds both in education and history subject.
For the first instrument, the researcher found out that faculty is still
using the traditional approach in teaching history especially evaluation
by memorization of facts which got a 3.27 mean followed by lecture
based on the content of the book which is 3.20. On the other hand, even
though they are using traditional methods, constructivist methods like
open-forum among students got a 3.87 mean, followed by reflection
thru problem solving got a 3.67 mean. This proves that faculty
members are using both traditional and constructivist methods at the
same time. But since the aim of the study is to make history tertiary
classes a constructivist one, the researcher selected 15 constructivist
methods (based on the list adopted from the review of literatures) thru
observation of classes and the top three are: 1) Student activity that
allows personal review or reflection e.g portfolio (3.47 mean); 2) Forum
that allows students interpretation on the topic being discussed (3.33
mean); 3.) A discussion with the use of technology e.g audio-visual and
documentary film got a 2.60 mean.
The survey and the observation was strengthen by a focus group
discussion among the faculty members, to allow them to choose (based
on the results) definite constructivist methods to use in the proposed
instructional guide. Discussion was recorded diligently. The first part
was focused on understanding constructivism as a method. Teachers
gave several inputs about this. After giving backgrounds, they selected
the best methods to use in the construction of the instructional guide
(sample will appear in the whole paper). The researcher assure that the
methods employed in the instructional guide would change the
classroom experience of the college students in their history classes and
improve their academic performance. However, for the improvement
on the material, testing of the said instructional guide will be the next
journey of this study.
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Annabelle B. Francisco
GIC16044065
Keywords:
Instructional
Guide,
Teaching
Constructivism, History, Tertiary
Finding the Kailians
Methodology,
Annabelle B. Francisco
Provincial Institute of Agriculture, Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College,
Sta. Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines
francisco.apolo@yahoo.com.ph
Abstract
Using the normative and evaluative types of survey under the
descriptive-correlative design, the study traced the kailians (a name to
refer to the listeners of radio kailian) in the seven municipalities of
ilocos sur, philippines. There were four (4) sample barangays in each
municipality with 10 respondents each for a total of 280 selected using
the right hand coverage technique. A self-made questionnaire,
interview and observation were administered to verify the analysis.
Findings reveal that the satisfied listeners are young to middle aged
adult housewives who finished secondary education with low monthly
income and support the radio station because it promotes the ilokano
culture and heritage. Program formats they prefer to listen to are: talk
shows, youth oriented (musical and magazine style), news and
commentaries. Topics they favor much are on spiritual aspect,
relationships, health, wellness, and nutrition. The stiff competition on
social/digital media, television and commercial radio stations are the
pressing problems besetting them. To further improve, they
recommended the addition of school-on-air focused on agriculture and
more news and commentary programs. Gender, age and occupation
have been found to have a bearing on the design of the radios program
format and contents.
Keywords:Mass Media, Radio, Listeners, Program Formats, Social
Media, Talk Show, News, Commentary , School-On-Air
How to Motivate Students to Learn English as a Second Language
Nde Emmanuel Nji
Department of English, Sattahip School, Sattahip-Chonburi, Thailand
ndeemmanuel@gmail.com
Abstract
Nde Emmanuel Nji
GIC16044066
The need for English as a medium of communication in our globalised

world today cannot still be overemphasized. In Thailand, it is an
important facet of the workforce and the main language of exchange
when AEC (ASEAN Economic Community) finally kicks off. Most
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students know basic grammar rules but exhibit a high level of
unwillingness to speak while others are shy to speak entirely; partly due
to the fear of making mistakes. Others are completely uninterested in
either aspect of the English skills (speaking, writing, reading and
listening) attributed to the system; whereby all the students must have a
passed grade; even after a number of unsuccessful trials of the exam.
This article, therefore, looks at some of the ways students can be
motivated; to be involved in learning English, taking an active role (in
speaking) in a challenging yet fun-filled English classroom. These
motivations range from challenging the students, classroom seating
plan, thought-provoking (open-ended and closed) questions,
maximization of anticipation, assignments, use of technology, students
self-development, building of communities within classrooms, the
enthusiasm of the teacher, rapport, supportive environment, amongst
others.
SIM to Connect
Josephine Galicha
Department of English and Literature, College of Arts and Sciences,
Lyceum of the Philippines University, Philippines
jpgalicha@gmail.com
Abstract
Josephine Galicha
GIC16044057
Addressing the need for relevant and meaningful teaching of English as

a Second or Foreign Language in the 21st Century, a bilingual
education program catering to Asian ESL learners, in particular,
Koreans and Chinese, was the thrust of the research. Using the
qualitative approach, areas of response, content, process, support,
behavior, validation, credit, and acknowledgment were delved into for
assessment. How these matters of immediate concern in a language
academy are seriously taken and actualized were the focus in the study.
Significant results produced are challenging enough for further
research undertakings on educational management. The Shared
Instructional Management (SIM) adopted by the administration and
the teaching staff makes the present set-up attuned to bi-literacy,
specific to Asians, using English, the acknowledged universal linguafranca, to communicate in the rapidly-changing globalized world.
Keywords:Biliteracy, Bilingual Education, Shared Instructional
Management
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Effects of Collaborative Inquiry Approach on the Academic
Performance in Physics of Maritime Students
Brando P. Montero
John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod
brandzmontero@yahoo.com
Brando P. Montero
YRA16044051
Abstract
This study entitled Effects of Collaborative Inquiry Approach on the
Academic Performance in Physics of Maritime Students was
conducted to determine the effects of teaching college physics by means
of Conventional Approach and Collaborative Inquiry Approach on
the level of academic performance in physics of maritime students of
John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation- Bacolod.
This
investigation
involved 57 students from heterogeneous intact classes of the first year
maritime college students of JBLCF-B in the second semester of school
year 2014-2015. There were control and experimental groups involved
in the study. The control group was exposed to Conventional Approach,
whereas, the experimental group was exposed to Collaborative Inquiry
Approach. Using the SPSS, statistical tools such as mean, independent
samples t-test, and paired samples t-test were computed to answer the
problems of the study. Findings indicate that there is a significant
difference between the levels of academic performance of maritime
students in physics before and after the collaborative inquiry and the
conventional approaches. However, there is no significant difference
between the levels of academic performance of maritime students in
physics of the control and experimental groups.
Keywords: Collaborative Inquiry Approach, Conventional Approach,
Academic Performance in Physics, Maritime Students
Developing Innovations In the Classroom
Mani Ram Sharma
Department of a English Education,Kritipur ,Nepal
smaniram125@gmail.com
Abstract
Mani Ram Sharma

YRA16044052
We live in a busy world with sudden distractions and many things to

think about. The rapid speed of science and technology keeps our world
in constant motion. Students leaving the classroom after being taught
by the teachers are thinking about a thousand things: Did I understand
what teacher taught? But, when they come into the classroom. We
teachers expect them to be ready to learn, ready to receive information
and retain it. There is a question that how can learners do this with so
much in their learning process. It is obliviously with the use of
innovation in the classroom. It fosters them (students) to learn
innovatively to establish learner's autonomy. This article outlines the
role, need and process of innovation in the language classroom and
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teaching.
Key words: distraction, retain, foster, innovatively, learner's autonomy
Tran Thi Xoan
YRA16044053
Can the Vietnams Higher Education Meet Challenges Brought by

AEC?
Tran Thi Xoan
Department of aenglish Education,Kritipur ,Nepal
Xoantranht@gmail.com
Abstract
In 2009, the ASEAN Leaders have declared that the 2009-2015
Roadmap comprising three pillars: political-security, economic, and
socio-cultural dimensions. Of those, economic aspect must have been
noticed outstandingly with the marked compromise to define the
ASEAN Community 2015 in the end of December, 2015. Of those
mentioned criteria, Free flow of skilled labor has been emphasized
significantly. Then, it raises the requirements of an adaptable
educational system in ASEAN Countries to meet the demand of labor
market. However, up to current time, it seems that the educational
systems, noticeably, the university or college period, have still
mismatched with the trend of economy market. Especially, this
phenomenon can be seen obviously in the four less developing countries
in ASEAN, namely, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam (CLMV).
Of those, Vietnam is considered to be the most-outstanding regard to its
economic development in recent years. However, take a look inside its
general background, especially its workforce; a query is inquired by
both domestic and international scholars and educators: Can the
Vietnams higher education meet challenges brought by AEC?
The AECs economic integration will gives the opportunities to the
three free movement including trade, labor and capital within the
region. Noticeably, one of the main purposes of the AEC is to to bring
economic prosperity and stability to the region and to work toward
eliminating the development gaps between ASEAN members. To keep
pace with the development of other countries, education plays an
important role to enhance the progress to integrate and strengthen the
ASEAN Community. Therefore, the article at first hand illustrates the
difficulties seen in higher education level encountered by this country in
a general way, and then generates the information to make connections
with the ASEAN nations.
Key words: Vietnams higher education, challenges, AEC.
Joana A. Guzman
GICA16044053
Afro-Mexico: Negotiating a Cultural Identity through Dance

Joana A. Guzman
San Diego State University, United States
msjoanaguzman@gmail.com
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Abstract
Afro-Mexico: Negotiating a Cultural Identity through Dance
This research looks at the cultural performances and popular
celebrations practiced by Afro-Mexicans from the colonial period to the
20th century in the regions of Veracruz, Oaxaca and Guerrero. The
goal is to demonstrate how the use of performance and popular
traditions has impacted Afro-Mexicans in the shaping of an imagined
community, giving space for agency in the formation of their cultural
identity. The scholarship of the African diaspora in Mexico is a
relatively fresh area of study. Gonzalo Aguirre Beltran (1945)
pioneered the documentation of their economic history including
slavery and origins. Other themes of study rely on sociopolitical aspects,
geographic studies, gender, magic and spirituality. The work of
Humberto Aguirre Tinoco (1983) and Anita Gonzales (2004) have
explored dances and colonial folksongs to evaluate the contributions of
Afro-descendants in the formation of what is considered todays
Mexican culture. This research uses a multidisciplinary approach of
various fields including cultural anthropology, history and cultural
studies. Primary sources such as Inquisition documents obtained from
the national archives of Mexico City describe the restrictions placed to
restrain the active participations of Afro-Mexicans in street singing and
dancing. Written and visual ethnographies trace the popular dances
performed in the Black communities of aforementioned regions. The
dances witnessed involved the jarocho, zapateado, Toro de Petate and
other popular dances of the areas. Overall, it is not accurate to say that
Mexico denies its black presence and history, but it would be more
assertive to say it neglects it. Mexicos constitution does not recognize
afro descendants as an ethnic group. Mexicans in general are unaware
of the contributions that Afro-descendants have given to enrich
Mexican culture. It is common to find people outside these regions who
do not even know their presence exists and that Mexico once had a
large population of enslaved Africans. All these factors have a general
repercussion in their cultural identity and their history remains
subjugated knowledge. Therefore the study on Afro-Mexican use of
dance and folk song to manifest, express, and/or negotiate their identity
is a contribution to the emerging field in history.
The Impact of Teachers Capacity Building on Students Academic
Achievement in Secondary Schools: A Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM)
Approach
Yusuf Suleiman
School of Education and Modern Languages, Universiti Utara
Malaysia, Malaysia
yusufsuleiman85@gmail.com
Yusuf Suleiman
GICA16044054
Zahyah Bt Hanafi
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Malaysia, Malaysia
zahyah@uum.edu.my.com
Muhajir Bin Taslikhan, Ph.D
Malaysia, Malaysia
muhajir@uum.edu.my.com
Abstract
Unarguably, students academic success rests on the learning
experiences derived from their teachers via teaching and learning
processes in the classroom.Teachers are an important tool for
implementing the school programs to achieve school success. The
human capital development is regarded as a way of building the
capacity of teachers in the school system, thereby strengthening their
knowledge and skills. In the light of this, this study attempts to examine
the impact of teachers capacity building on students academic
achievement. Methodologically, this study adopts a correlation survey
method to establish the links between constructs in the study. Stratified
and quota sampling techniques were used to select 183 respondents for
the study. Two questionnaires titled: Teachers Capacity Building
Questionnaire (TCBQ) and Academic Achievement Questionnaire
(AAQ) were adapted as instruments. The data collected were analyzed
using Smart PLS (Version 2) software to model the nexus among the
constructs. Findings revealed that capacity building are provided
moderately as perceived by the teachers. Also, results established that
teachers who went through capacity building programs are equipped
with modern techniques of teaching, thereby positively influence
students academic achievement. In conclusion, this study proposed
that training and re-training of teachers is an essential factor for
determining students success. Thus, capacity building programs should
be constantly provided for teachers with a view to boost their morale
and enable them to be more efficient and effective in the classroom.
Improved budgetary allocations should be made by government for
teachers to attend various capacity building programs. Private and
individuals should be involved in providing capacity building for
teachers. Lastly, no teacher should be left out in capacity building
programs as teachers remain the bedrock to students success.
Keywords: Teachers capacity building, academic achievement,
secondary school students
Saeed Farahbakhsh
GICA16044055
The effect of organizational justice on the relationship between

administrators spiritual leadership and quality of work life of teachers
in Iranian schools
Saeed Farahbakhsh
Department of Education, Lorestan University,
Kamalvand Road, Khorramabad, Iran
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Farahbakhshs@yahoo.com
abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of organizational justice
in relation to quality of work life of teachers led by spiritual leaders in
schools. This research is descriptive and co relational method. The
sample consisted of 294 teachers of secondary schools in Khorramabad
city, (Iran) that was selected through the krejcie and Morgan table and
using relative stratified sampling. In order to collect the date, three
forms of Standard questionnaires of spiritual leadership, (Fry, Vitucci
and Cedillo, 2005), organizational justice, (Nihoff and Moorman, 1993)
and the quality of work life (Walton, 1973) were used. Data was
analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural
equation analysis. The results showed that there was a significant
positive relationship between the spiritual leadership of administrators
and the quality of work life of school teachers. Also, there was a positive
and significant effect of organizational justice on relationship between
administrators spiritual leadership and quality of work life of their
teachers.
Keyword: spiritual leadership, quality of work life, organizational
justice, school, Iran.
Project-Based Learning For Rural Primary Schoolers In Madagascar
Adrienne Andriantsialonina
English Teaching Program, Madagascar
melrosy00@yahoo.fr
abstract
Adrienne Andriantsialonina
GICLEAP1604056
The problem: According to a report released by UNICEF in 2015, 76%

of Malagasy children are enrolled in primary schools. At first sight, this
number might seem optimistic; however, the situation in rural areas
remains problematic. Extreme poverty, lack of infrastructure, materials
and equipment, and especially lack of qualified teachers contribute to
the fact that the rate in rural areas remains alarmingly low. In addition
to that issue, Malagasy children cannot function in real life as they
cannot make sense of what they learn at school and relate it to their
actual context. The result is an ever-increasing number of school
dropouts, and a very low Secondary school enrollment.
The solution:This project looks at ways to incorporate project-based
learning into these rural primary schoolers life in order to increase
their interest for school and improve their performance. The idea is
that if children cannot go to a school that will teach them valuable life
skills, it is the school that will go to them. The project is carried out in
collaboration with a local primary school and with the help of volunteer
teachers from the city. While the local school is in charge of teaching
literacy and numeracy, the project consists mainly in hands-on
activities, with children developing their creativity, civism, social skills,
16

ISSN 2454-5899
Tati Nurkhikmah
GICLEAP1604057
critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills while working on

language, handcraft and environment projects as well as community
services. The target of this project is primarily 200 6-to-12-year-old
children from Grade 1 to Grade 5 in a rural primary school. In
addition, 75 other kids who are out of school are also involved in it
through a peer coaching activity.
The Implementation of Traditional Game for Kindergarten Students
Character Building
Tati Nurkhikmaha
Department of Indonesian Language and Literature, State University of
Semarang,
Dukuh Pegilon RT 04/RW 04 Desa Wanatawang, Kec. Songgom, Kab.
Brebes, Central Java, Indonesia
tatinurkhikmah@gmail.com
Nurul Fatatikb
Semarang,
Dukuh Bulurejo RT 01/RW 06 Desa Hargomulyo, Kec. Ngrambe, Kab.
Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Gadget is really helpful human life, one of the example is make the
information easier. However, if the gadget is used by kindergarten
student it will bring negative impact. It happens because they access the
modern game like video game and online game. There are impacts such
as losing the capability socialitation, accessing pornography, and
decreasing the student achievement (www.kompasiana.com). This
research which has been published by Uswitch.com, shown more than a
quarter children in the world have a handphone before there eight
years old. Based on the result of survey on of three kindergarten
student started using smartphone when they were three years old. One
of ten children enjoy their gadget in the young age, that is two years
old. This phenomenon shows millions of children experience addictive
gadget (www.republika.com). The using of gadget to access video game
and online game causing the taditional game is almost forgotten by the
children (Nur 2013:87). In addition, the gadget affects the childrens
habbit and behavior. The purpose of the this reserach are to describe
how the implemetation of traditional game for kindergarten student
and how the effect of traditional game toward character building of
kindergarten student. The method of the this reserach is descriptive
qualitative method. The method of collecting data is review of related
liturature. Be based on the result of research shows that Jamuran,
Jaranan, and Ular Naga can be used to improve cognitive,
psicomotoric, and affective capabilty. Furthermore, the traditional
game can be a character building for kindergarten student and
revitalize traditional game which has been forgotten, decrease gadget
addicitive too.
17

ISSN 2454-5899
Keyword: traditional game, character building, kindergarten student

The Implementation of Traditional Game for Kindergarten Students
Character Building
Tati Nurkhikmaha
Semarang,
Dukuh Pegilon RT 04/RW 04 Desa Wanatawang, Kec. Songgom, Kab.
Brebes, Central Java, Indonesia
tatinurkhikmah@gmail.com
Nurul Fatatikb
GICLEAP1604058
Nurul Fatatikb
Semarang,
Dukuh Bulurejo RT 01/RW 06 Desa Hargomulyo, Kec. Ngrambe, Kab.
Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia
fatatiknurul@ymail.com
Abstract
Gadget is really helpful human life, one of the example is make the
information easier. However, if the gadget is used by kindergarten
student it will bring negative impact. It happens because they access the
modern game like video game and online game. There are impacts such
as losing the capability socialitation, accessing pornography, and
decreasing the student achievement (www.kompasiana.com). This
research which has been published by Uswitch.com, shown more than a
quarter children in the world have a handphone before there eight
years old. Based on the result of survey on of three kindergarten
student started using smartphone when they were three years old. One
of ten children enjoy their gadget in the young age, that is two years
old. This phenomenon shows millions of children experience addictive
gadget (www.republika.com). The using of gadget to access video game
and online game causing the taditional game is almost forgotten by the
children (Nur 2013:87). In addition, the gadget affects the childrens
habbit and behavior. The purpose of the this reserach are to describe
how the implemetation of traditional game for kindergarten student
and how the effect of traditional game toward character building of
kindergarten student. The method of the this reserach is descriptive
qualitative method. The method of collecting data is review of related
liturature. Be based on the result of research shows that Jamuran,
Jaranan, and Ular Naga can be used to improve cognitive,
psicomotoric, and affective capabilty. Furthermore, the traditional
game can be a character building for kindergarten student and
revitalize traditional game which has been forgotten, decrease gadget
addicitive too.
Keyword: Traditional Game, Character Building, Kindergarten
Student
18

ISSN 2454-5899
Voluntary Program Upi Educates As An Effort In Childrens
Trauma Treatment During The Period Of Emergency Response Of
Natural Disaster Through The Student Activity Unit
Maribi Dwi Putri
Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Department of
Electrical Engineering Education, Indonesia University of Education,
2012
maribi.dwi@gmail.com
Maribi Dwi Putri
GICLEAP1604059
Gadis Argi Kiranti

Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences Education, Department of Physics
Education, Indonesia University of Education, 2014
Abstract
Studies on the treatment of children in the emergency relief phase were
very rarely conducted. This study would try to assess one approach in
providing services to children who were victims of natural disasters i.e.
an approach with a basis on "the right to education". This study would
provide a conceptual and theoretical foundation in designing and
implementing the child's treatment program. This approach
emphasized the effort to fulfill the rights of children through the
participation of all stakeholders, both government and nongovernmental party such as Student Activity Units, non-governmental
organizations, companies and communities. UPI Educates as a
treatment for children in the emergency response period through the
Student Activity Unit was an integrated educational program that was
voluntary. This program empowered all elements of Student Activity
Unit as the mediator to convey the interests and talents of students to
join the Voluntary Educators. This program became the right and
innovative solution in accommodating community service activities,
especially as handling the children during the time of emergency
response of natural disasters. The program was able to synergize with
the relevant stakeholders that were relevant to natural disasters for
instance the Indonesian Red Cross Organization (PMR), Search and
Rescue Organization (SAR), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
and others.
Keywords: UPI Educates, Volunteers, Student Activity Unit, Disaster
Management and Student Grants
Evaluating the Effectiveness of SMARTLABs STEM Teacher Training
Programs Using Kirkpatrick Model
Media A. Ayu1
{media.ayu; ilan.asqolani}@sampoernauniversity.ac.id
1Faculty of Science and Technology (FST)
media.ayu@sampoernauniversity.ac.id
Ilan Asqolani
19

ISSN 2454-5899
Institute for Social Development and Community Outreach (ISDCO),
Sampoerna University, Jakarta Indonesia
Abstract
Media A. Ayu
GICLEAP1604062
The need on improving STEM teachers quality in their teaching and

learning activities have motivated SMARTLAB project to develop
STEM teacher training programs. On top of improving teachers
capacity in teaching STEM subjects, the training programs also aim at
equipping teachers with more capabilities to be creative and innovative
in attracting their students to be enjoyable, interested and having
fun in learning their STEM subjects. An evaluation was conducted to
the trainings to see whether the trainings have fulfilled their purposes
or can be said to be effective. The evaluation was performed based
on the Kirkpatrick Model using various data gathering instruments to
538 high school teachers and 13,557 selected students whose teachers
had participated in the SMARTLAB trainings. The evaluation results
reveal that the trainings have been effective up to the four levels of the
Kirkpatrick Model. Furthermore, the trainings have provided the
teachers with new insights to be creative in developing teaching and
learning aids, which show benefits as well in improving students
interest in STEM.
Keywordsteacher training, training evaluation, training effectiveness,
Kirkpatrick model, STEM teaching
Utilizing Making To Support Stem Teaching And Learning In The
Classroom
Ilan Asqolani
Sampoerna University, Jakarta, Indonesia,
ilan.asqolani@sampoernauniversity.ac.id
Ilan Asqolani
GICLEAP1604071
Media A. Ayu
Faculty of Science and Technology (FST) and Institute for Social
Development and Community Outreach (ISDCO), Sampoerna
University, Jakarta, Indonesia, media.ayu@sampoernauniversity.ac.id
Abstract
Not many students show their interest in studying STEM subjects. This
situation motivates studies conducted to improve the STEM teaching
and learning in the classroom to attract more students. One of the
recommendations is that to use innovative approach in the teaching and
learning to generate students interest on the subjects. In regard to
innovative approach, SMARTLAB project has seen Making activities
as a media that can be used in STEM teaching and learning that can
make the classroom be enjoyable and the topic be easier to be
understood. This study presents how this Making activities has
supported the conduct of STEM teaching and learning in high schools
20

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Dr. Mohamed Chabi

GICLEAP1604063
in Indonesia and discusses teachers and students perspectives on the

learning improvements that they have benefited from it.
Keywords: STEM teaching and learning, Making activity, learning
cycle, 5E learning model)
Use of suitable strategies in Math classroom to ensure that students
develop Critical Thinking skills
Mohamed Chabi1
Qatar University, Qatar
mchabi@qu.edu.qa
Firas Ali Al Laban
Qatar University, Qatar
flaban@qu.edu.qa
Jumana Swaid
GICLEAP1604064
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is how we should rework on our
teaching strategies to ensure that students develop critical thinking
skills. In Mathematic generally students are required to use critical
thinking skills that enable them to evaluate, identify, and distinguish
between relevant and irrelevant information to solve a given math
problem by breaking apart the pieces of a problem in order to solve it.
Math is not about how much students can memorize procedures to
solve a few direct math problems but rather how they can relate their
learning math concepts and skills to solve non-routine math problems.
The questions is how can we lead our students to be a more rational and
disciplined thinker? The answer to the question is No one knows how?,
educators can help students to build their critical thinking to solve
unfamiliar math problems that required them to make reasonable
judgments that are logical by promoting the concept of use problem
solving and logic into activities during the class time and lab time.
Keywords: Critical Thinking, direct math problems, non-routine math
problems, math concepts, logic
Teacher-Centered Teaching Methods verses Learner-Centered
Teaching Methods in Teaching High School Mathematics Classes
Jumana Swaid
American International School Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Jswaid@aisj.edu.ds
Abstract
Eeducation researchers have investigated and highlighted the impact of
Learner -Centered Teaching Methods on learners for decades leading
education towards a gradual shift from delivering instruction in a
traditional instructional styles that involves teachers lecturing and
students taking notes to more active learning and teaching styles .
In High school mathematics classes Learner -Centered Methods has
been implemented in the last decades on a small scale primarily by
teachers interested in experimenting with new teaching strategies.But
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ISSN 2454-5899
today's instructional technologies revaluation, coupled with cognitive
researches findings accelerated the need to transform both teaching and
learning styles and strategies in High School Mathematics classes.
While using Learner-Centered Teaching Methods in High School
proved to be more effective in the learning and teaching all sciences ,
using it in High School Mathematics classes is still limited and subject
to broad discussions among mathematics educators.
To identify and compare characteristics of both methods , a study was
conducted over a sample of 150 High School Students in American
International School of Jeddah in Algebra 2 classes were 50 % of
students were approached using Teacher-Centered Teaching Methods
while the rest of the students were approached using Learner -Centered
teaching methods.
The Development of English Vocabulary Retention through Songs
activities of Grade 7 students
Nipawan Narueprempree
Graduate student, Master of Arts in English, University of Phayao,
Thailand
ninewnipawan@gmail.com
Nipawan Narueprempree
GICLEAP1604068
Abstract
This study aims to validate the efficiency of English song activities in
promoting English vocabulary retention and to investigate students
opinions towards the song activities. To do this, mixed-methods will be
used. The data was generated through classroom experiment,
observation, surveyed-questionnaires and interviews. Research
participants are 55 students who studying Mattayom 1 in second
semester of the 2015 academic year. Data was analyzed both by T-Test
for vocabulary retention achievement and by content-analysis. The
results of this study indicated that: 1. The English vocabulary retention
learning achievement of grade seven students learning through song
activities differed significantly in their performance at the significance
level of .05. The results revealed that the English vocabulary retention
learning achievement of students learning through song activities was
higher. 2. The students attitude towards the English song activities was
found to be positive.
Keywords: Song Activities, English Vocabulary Retention
Implementing a Blended Learning Process in Higher Education:
Reflections and lessons learned
Eman Rashwan
Agha Khan University, School of Nursing, Karachi, Pakistan
e_rashwan@hotmail.com
Eman Rashwan
GICLEAP1604069
Abstract
Blended learning involves teaching and learning through the
combination of traditional face-to-face and online modalities.. Many
higher education institutions are moving towards this approach in
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ISSN 2454-5899
order to maximize students learning. In this regard, faculty members
are also provided trainings and support to re-design and teach their
existing face-to-face course in a blended learning mode. In this paper, I
will present my reflections on the experiences of initiating a blended
learning process in higher education nursing institution, in particular
the online component of the program. It discusses the adoption and
implementation of the ADDIE model [Analysis, Design, Development,
Implementation and Evaluation] (Branson, Rayner, Cox, Furman,
King, Hannum, 1975; Watson, 1981) in the course design process. It
also highlights the modifications added to the model, the challenges
faced at each stage and how these challenges were addressed in the
subsequent years in order to sustain the successful implementation of
the process.
Keywords: Blended/Online Learning, Higher Education, ADDIE
model, Course Design
Investigating Students Learning Difficulties
in Integral Calculus
Flordeliza P. Ferrer
University of the City of Manila, Philippines
fpf92@yahoo.com.ph
Abstract
Flordeliza P. Ferrer
GICA16044052
The study aims to investigate the students learning difficulties in

Integral Calculus, specifically in calculating integrals. The mixed
methods research design was employed to gather quantitative data
from the students answers in the examination and collect qualitative
data from them through open-ended interviews and scrutiny of their
solutions. Findings of related previous investigations were documented
to understand more the nature of difficulties in the subject as
experienced by others. Participants of the study were given the
examination in indefinite integrals composed of items that require
solely the use of integration formulas and items in which integration
techniques should be applied. The quantitative data disclosed, after
subjecting the index of difficulties to statistical treatment, that the
learners have experienced the same level of difficulties in dealing with
the two types of integrals. The qualitative data revealed, as viewed by
the participants and as reflected in their solutions, that many of the
errors pertain more to the learners ability in trigonometric
manipulation rather than with the integration per se. It was further
concluded as highlighted from previous studies, that the learners
difficulties in integration are evidently attributed to the inherent
mathematical knowledge and skills acquired by the students from basic
mathematics.
Keywords:Indefinite Integral, Integral Calculus, Integration Formula,
Integration Technique
23

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Krissana Yodmongkhon
GICLEAP1604069
A Study of Language Usage Written in Personal Experiences Note

by Luang Pu Pan Tittatammo, Wat Pa Nampoo, Loei Province,
Thailand
Krissana Yodmongkhon
Abstract
Among the modernization of digital world, there are parallel
mysterious dimensions. Luang Poo Pan Tittatammo, an honorable
Buddhist monk in Loei Province of Thailand revealed some
supernatural experiences through his note for the benefit of the readers.
According to the researchers field (Linguistics and Culture) this
documentary research aimed to study the language usage style,
including vocabulary, phrase, final particle, and main content. Another
purpose was traditional culture shown in the note. The data were
drawn from the book which has printed for 5 editions as well as
personal communication. The first one in 2007 was used as the main
source and supplement by the second in 2008. Astonishingly, the
revealed content surprised the new generation in terms of mysterious
experiences which could be accessed by the honorable people only. The
research results shown some traditional language style, culture and
community belief which found by this aged monk.
Keywords: Language and culture, Muang Loei culture, Belief and
traditional ceremonies of Muang Loei citizen
Approaching the taboos: Child Sexual Abuse and Role of Life Skill
Education in India
Ankita Menon
Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
menon.ankita@ymail.com
Abstract
Ankita Menon
YRSLEAP1604051
India is home of millions of children who become victim of child sexual

abuse every day. Irony being home, assumed to be the most comforted
and bonded place, yet most horrific incidents taking place inside the
four walls of the presumably safe zone: voices often unheard and
silenced. The paper shall argue how and why the understanding and
growing up of the experiences of such children is tabooed and
therefore avoided in Indian society. And how can life skill education
prove to be a performative site for a balanced socio-psychological
developing of a child. C.W. Mills in his classic work, The Sociological
Imagination has correctly pointed out the problem of the contemporary
society where individual actions are largely becoming an act of
rationality but without reason. Hence the work shall link up the
biography with history, question the deep rooted taboos, address the
loopholes in the current education system and seek to answer how well
the life skill models (coming from the west) should be molded/fitted or
24

ISSN 2454-5899
given entirely a new avatar in Indian society which has its own
historical context to its social problems. The paper shall stress on the
significance of the transitional phase from childhood to adulthood and
how affective can life skill education prove to be while addressing child
sexual abuse, an issue largely masked up so far.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of SMARTLABs STEM Teacher Training
Programs Using Kirkpatrick Model
Ilan Asqolani
Sampoerna University, Jakarta Indonesia
Ilan Asqolani
GICLEAP1604071
Tan Shuhui
GICLEAP1604074
Media A. Ayu1
{media.ayu; ilan.asqolani}@sampoernauniversity.ac.id
1Faculty of Science and Technology (FST)
media.ayu@sampoernauniversity.ac.id
ABSTRACT
The need on improving STEM teachers quality in their teaching and
learning activities have motivated SMARTLAB project to develop
STEM teacher training programs. On top of improving teachers
capacity in teaching STEM subjects, the training programs also aim at
equipping teachers with more capabilities to be creative and innovative
in attracting their students to be enjoyable, interested and having
fun in learning their STEM subjects. An evaluation was conducted to
the trainings to see whether the trainings have fulfilled their purposes
or can be said to be effective. The evaluation was performed based
on the Kirkpatrick Model using various data gathering instruments to
538 high school teachers and 13,557 selected students whose teachers
had participated in the SMARTLAB trainings. The evaluation results
reveal that the trainings have been effective up to the four levels of the
Kirkpatrick Model. Furthermore, the trainings have provided the
teachers with new insights to be creative in developing teaching and
learning aids, which show benefits as well in improving students
interest in STEM.
Keywordsteacher training, training evaluation, training effectiveness,
Kirkpatrick model, STEM teaching
The Research on Cooperative Learning Based on "Flipped Classroom
Teaching Mode in Higher Vocational English Teaching
Tan Shuhui
Yishui College, Linyi University, Yishui Shandong, 276400, China
Abstract
Since its appearance, the teaching mode "flipped classroom" has
quickly become a most popular teaching mode in recent years. In
practice, many a scholar has tried exploring this teaching mode and
had got remarkable effectiveness. According to the characteristics of
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ISSN 2454-5899
Zhila Okhravi
GICLEAP1604075
"flipped classroom" teaching mode and its realization form, this paper
mainly explores the feasibility of applying "flipped classroom" and
analyzes the implementation strategies of cooperative learning in higher
vocational English teaching.
Key words: "flipped classroom", cooperative learning, higher
vocational English teaching.
Investigation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Skills of Outstanding
Managers: A Case Study of few Outstanding Iranian Managers
Zhila Okhravi
Department of public Management, Islamic Azad University, Mashad
branch - Iran.
zhokhravi@gmail.com
Saeed Khayyat Moghadam
(Ph.D.) Professor, Department of public Management, Mashad branch,
Islamic Azad University, Mashad, Iran.
skhayatmoghadam@gmail.com
Abstract
Human resources of any organization are considered the most valuable
asset of that organization. Optimum utilization of these valuable
resources not only cause enhancement of efficiency, but also bring
about individual and organizational advancement. Managers are one of
main elements of any organization. The author studied and rated the
managerial performance of few outstanding managers in major
companies of Khorassan Razavi (Largest & second most industrialized
province of Iran). The paper was a fundamental research regarding
application, and methodologically a survey method.
Statistical
population of the study is managers of top Khorassan companies. For
collecting data library and field methods were used. Analysis of data
results indicated six areas of performance a) team working of
managers, b) entrepreneurship of managers, c) innovation, d) skills of
effective management, e) individual skills of time management, f)
organizational skills of time management, and the ranking of the
effective factors of the managers success.
Key Words: Khorassan companies, Performance, Innovation,
Entrepreneurship, managers assessment
26

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LISTENERS
Wei Shao
Griffith University
GIC16044061
Olaofe Tolulope Joseph
Department Of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Ekiti State University, Nigeria
GIC16044062
Neil O'Sullivan
Effect Project, British Council, Myanmar
GICLEAP1604065
Antonia Cain
Effect Project, British Council, England
GICLEAP1604066
Cut Nurul Aidha
UNIPREP - Jakarta Indonesia
GICLEAP1604067
Tharun Sathya Duvoor
Department of Weaponlogy, India
GICLEAP1604072
Nanvadee Chaichinda
Office of International Relations, Sripatum University Chonburi Campus, Thailand
GICLEAP1604073
Upcoming Conferences
http://adtelweb.org/conference.php
7th International Conference on Learning, Education and Pedagogy (LEAP), 8-9

November 2016, Singapore
27

ISSN 2454-5899
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