ASME vs API: What s the difference?

We often get asked this simple question: What is the difference between ASME and
API codes? Well, ASME is actually a construction code that cover design, fabrica
tion and new construction issues but after they are put in service API codes gov
ern the continued operation, inspection and repairs. For example, ASME VIII cove
rs fabrication of pressure vessels but once the pressure vessel are put in servi
ce, API 510 takes place. Process piping in refineries, terminals or petrochemica
l plants are designed and built per ASME B 31.3. After they are placed in servic
e, API 570 governs inspection and repairs.
ASME VIII, V and IX cover new construction issues, rather than the ultimate in f
itness for service (FFS) criteria or technical perfection. They are written enti
rely from a new construction viewpoint up to the hand over or putting the equipm
ent into used. They are definitive about the technical requirements or acceptanc
e criteria that they set.
Meanwhile the API codes such as 510, 570 & 653 and their supporting recommended
practice documents are totally different. They are not construction codes and le
ss definitive. The content is more about in-service inspection, repair, alterati
on and rerating of equipment that are already in place or in used. That s why they
also contain technical opinion as well as fact therefore you can see in API cod
es when it involves decision with design issues, the inspector is directed to co
nsult or get approval with design engineer.
Earlier in 1934, a code for safe practices in the design, construction, inspecti
on, and repair of pressure vessels to be used in the petroleum industry were pub
lished by joint committee of API and ASME entitled API/ASME Code for Unfired Pres
sure Vessels . The code discontinued in 1956, leaving the ASME Code to cover only
for new construction issues and later in 1958, API 510 were first published, int
ended to assure the industry to preserved the uniform maintenance and inspection
practices.