Philosophy

Advocate

Disciplinisn
m

John Locke

Main Idea(s)
Advocate
Formal discipline

Nationalism

Progressive
Educators

It aims to protect and

glorify the state

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Content
Method
Insight
Spelling,
Observation
The aim of formal
arithmetic,
Memorization
disciplinism was the
grammar,
Reasoning
formation of habits
history,
through discipline. I
geography and
believe in this kind of
science
philosophy. A child
(elementary)
must learn proper
Classical
discipline in school. I
languages,
also agree with John
mathematics,
Locke that mind could
English,
be developed by
drawing,
memorizing and
geography,
abstract reasoning.
history,
anatomy,
ethics, dancing,
practical and
fine arts
(University)
Grammar
Acquisition of skills
This philosophy is what
leading subject
through 3 Rs
we are lacking now. We
in the
Use of the project
are losing our sense of
curriculum
method
nationalism. Our aim is
more of glorification of
self instead of the
protection and
glorification of state.
Many schools now
would like to produce
students who are
globally competitive
and sometimes
promotes that their
school ensures work

Source
Foundatio
ns of
Education
II by
Doris D.
Tulio

Historical
,
Philosoph
ical and
Legal
Foundatio
n of
Education
by
Roberta
LaragaOmas-as

Developmen
talism

Petalozzi,
Herbart and
Froebel

Child centered theory

that emphasized on a
careful study of the
child

Physical
Moral
Intellectual
Manual Work

Learn by experience
instead of verbalism
and memorization.
Develop the mind
through external
stimuli
Laws of readiness
and socialization

Idealism

Plato,
Socrates,
Rene
Descartes,

Emphasizes on the
importance of
mind, soul or spirit.
Goodness is an

Literature
History
Philosophy
Religion

Lecture-Discussion
method
Excursion
Question Method

abroad. Where is the

sense of nationalism
there?
The developmentalism
has 5 principles:
- Principle of self
activity- its says
learning comes from
the students
responses through a
certain stimuli.
- Principle of Interest
learning is upon
interest of the student
and the task of a
teacher to create a
situation
- Principle of
apperception
learning is upon past
experiences.
- Principle of individual
differences learning
was limited by the
differences of ability,
so the teacher should
adapt instruction to
individual differences.
-Principle of
Socialization learning
was developed through
natural social process.
The idea of this
Philosophy that
individual is born good
and is capable to

Historical
,
Philosoph
ical and
Legal
Foundatio
n of
Education
by
Roberta
LaragaOmas-as

Foundatio
ns of
Education
II by

ideal state
something to be
strived for.

Mathematics
Arts

Pragmatism/
Experiment
alism

John Dewey,
Charles
Sanders
Pierce,
William
James and
Richard
Rorty

Encourages people
to find processes
that work in order
to attain desired
goals
The doctrine that
practical
consequences are
the criteria of
knowledge,
meaning and value
Conservative

Mathematics
Science
History
Reading
Music
Arts or metal
works

Perennialis
m

Robert
Maynard
Hutchins,
Mortimer
Jerome
Alder,
Jacques
Maritain

Views truth as
constant and
universal.
Education is good if
it enables the
student to acquire
knowledge of
unchanging
principles

Progressivis

John Dewey,

Exactly opposite of

Great ideas or
universal
principles
Arts, sciences,
History,
Language,
Mathematics,
Logic,
Literature and
Humanities
Activity and

Project Method

Experimental
Creative and
constructive
projects
Field trips
Laboratory work
Library work
Activity centered
Pupil centered
Opportunity to
practice democratic
ideals.

Subject centered
Methods of
disciplining the
mind through
reading and
discussion.

Cooperative and

sense, perceive and

think is quite
agreeable for me. I
also like the aim of this
philosophy to develop
the individual
spiritually, mentally
and morally.
Constant exposure of
students and practice
application of the
theories he learned in
school is an effective
way of making the
students understand a
certain lesson.
Learning should not be
limited to four corners
of the room. The
experiences we get
from applying the
theories we learned in
school is more
effective way of
learning.
I agree to the
perennialism
philosophy that one
should teach the things
that they believe are of
everlasting importance
to all people
everywhere. But this
could be stressful to a
child.
The role of the teacher

Doris D.
Tulio

Foundatio
ns of
Education
II by
Doris D.
Tulio

Foundatio
ns of
Education
II by
Doris D.
Tulio

Foundatio

William
Heard
Kirkpatrick

perennialism
Stresses the childs
needs and
therefore childcentered

experienced
centered on life
functions

Learning Strategies
Reflective Strategies
Problem Solving
Strategies

Essentialism

Often called
as
traditionalis
m or
conservatis
m

Emphasis on race
experience or the
social heritage

Emphasis on
the essential
skills (3Rs)
English, math,
Foreign
Language
Hard Science
and Vocational
courese

Existentialis
m

Soren Aabye
Kierkegaard,
Jean-Paule
Sartre

Focuses on the
experiences of the
individuals
Offers individuals a
way of thinking
about the meaning
of life

Subjectcentered
Literature
History
Arts for
Aesthetic
expression
Humanities for
ethical values

Inquiry Approach
Question-Answer
method

Reconstruct
ionalism

Theodore
Brameld,

Social change
Initiative in

Emphasis on
social sciences,

Community-based
projects

Deductive method
Drill method
Recitation
Giving assignments
and homework
Testing and
evaluation
Systematic analysis
and synthesis

here is to guide and

facilitate unlike with
perennialist who are
known as master of
discipline. Dictating a
child on what they
should learn is not
effective as facilitating
students in reflecting
on the things they have
to know.
This values discipline,
hard work, and respect
for authority. The role
of teachers here is to
provide stimulating
activities for learning
and prepare wellorganized lesson to
prove he is an
authority of
instruction.
This is similar to
progressivism
philosophy. It aims to
develop a persons
responsibility for
decisions and
preferences. The
teachers are good
provider of
experiences, effective
questioner and mental
disciplinarian
This contains two
major premises: 1.)

ns of
Education
II by
Doris D.
Tulio

Foundatio
ns of
Education
II by
Doris D.
Tulio

Foundatio
ns of
Education
II by
Doris D.
Tulio

George
Sylvester
Counts and
Paulo Reglus
Neves Freire

reconstructing the
present social
order
Educational
philosophies are
based on ones
culture

social research
methods,
examination of
social and
political
problems
Focus on
present and
future trends

Problem oriented
method

Society is in need of
constant
reconstruction or
change; 2.) such social
change involves a
reconstruction of
education and use of
education in
reconstruction society.