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MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Physics
E306: SERIES AND PARALLLEL CIRCUITS
CRUZ, John Luke M.

jlmcruz@mymail.mapua.edu.ph/2014106345/ME-2
PHY12L-B4 Group 4

SCORE
Signed Data Sheet
(5)

Observations & Results


(15)

Graphs
(10)

Conclusion (15)

References
(5)

Photos (10)

Performance
(40)

TOTAL
(100)

June 16, 2016

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E306: SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS


Cruz, John Luke M.1,
1
School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Mapa Institute of Technology
658 Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila City, Philippines
jlmcruz@mymail.mapua.edu.ph

OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS


Table 1 : Series circuit
Resistance (R1) = 100
Total Resistance (RT) = 500
Resistance (R2) = 150
Total Voltage (VDA) = 5 V
Resistance (R3) = 250

Voltage Across Resistance 1


(VAB)
Voltage Across Resistance 2
(VBC)
Voltage Across Resistance 3
(VCD)
Current Flowing through
Resistance 1 (iB)
Current Flowing through
Resistance 1 (iC)
Current Flowing through
Resistance 1 (iD)
Total Current (iA)
Percentage Difference
Resistance (R1) =100
Resistance (R2) = 150
Resistance (R3) = 250
Voltage Across Resistance 1
(VAB)
Voltage Across Resistance 2
(VBC)
Voltage Across Resistance 3
(VCD)
Current Flowing through
Resistance 1 (iB)
Current Flowing through
Resistance 1 (iC)
Current Flowing through
Resistance 1 (iD)
Total Current (iA)
Percentage Difference

Experimental

Computed

0.979 V

0.9 V

1.469 V

1.35 V

2.47 V

2.25 V

0.009 A

0.01008 A

0.009 A

0.01008 A

0.009 A

0.01008 A

0.009 A

0.01008 A

11.32 %
Table 2 : Parallel Circuit
Total Resistance (RT) = 500
Total Voltage (VDA) = 4.70 V
Experimental

Computed

4.70 V

4.4 V

4.70 V

4.55 V

4.70 V

4.5 V

0.044 A

0.047 A

0.029 A

0.0313 A

0.018 A

0.0188 A

0.091 A

0.0971 A
6.49%

Table 1. Sample Computation: Series Circuit


=

V1 = I1R1 =(0.009 A)(100 ) = 0.09 V


V2 = I2R2 =(0.009 A)(150 ) = 1.36 V
V3 = I3R3 =(0.009 A)(200 ) = 2.25 V

I1 = 5V/500 = 0.01008 A
I2 = 5V/500 = 0.01008 A
I3 = 5V/500 = 0.01008 A

Percentage Difference
| |
100
+
2
|0.01008 0.009|
% =
100
0.01008 + 0.009
2
% = 11.32%

% =

Table 2. Sample Computation: Parallel Circuit


=
V1 = I1R1 =(0.044 A)(100 ) = 4.4 V
V2 = I2R2 =(0.029 A)(150 ) = 4.35 V
V3 = I3R3 =(0.018 A)(200 ) = 4.5 V

I1 = 4.7V/100 = 0.047 A
I2 = 4.7V/150 = 0.0313 A
I3 = 4.7V/250 = 0.0188 A

Percentage Difference
| |
100
+
2
|0.0971 0.091|
% =
100
0.0971 + 0.091
2
% = 6.49%

% =

GRAPHS

Voltage V.s. Resistance Graph in Series Circuits


300

Resistance ()

250
200
150
100
50
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Voltage (V)

The graph shows the relationship of voltages across each resistor. It shows that the voltage is
directly proportional to the resistance of the circuit, which means as the voltage increases the
resistance also increases.

Current V.s. Resistance Graph in Parallel Circuits


300

Resistance ()

250
200
150
100
50
0
0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

Current (A)

The graph shows the relationship between the current flowing through each resistor. It shows that
the Current is inversely proportional to the resistance, which means that when the current increases,
then the resistance will be decreasing.

CONCLUSIONS
We are able to determine the total current flowing through a series circuit and parallel circuit, which
are 0.009 Amperes and 0.091 Amperes respectively. The total current flowing in a series circuit is
equal to the current flowing in each resistor in the circuit, while the total current flowing in parallel
circuit is the summation of the current flowing in each resistor which is 0.094 Amperes in the first
resistor, 0.029 Amperes I the second resistor and 0.018 Amperes in the third resistor. Given that
we are able to compute the total current for parallel circuit which is equal to 0.091 Amperes.
The relationship between the voltage and the resistance in a series circuit is that the voltage is
directly proportional to the resistance of the circuit, which means as the voltage increases the
resistance also increases. Also, the relationship between the current and resistance in a parallel
circuit is that the current is inversely proportional to the resistance, which means that when the
current increases, then the resistance will be decreasing.
All in all, we are able to do the experiment successfully. The percentage difference of 11.32%
and 6.32% falls within the accepted value. The difference in the results is caused by the
discharging of the battery. So as to the next performers of the experiment, we recommend to do
the measurements as quickly as possible to get a low percentage differences in results.

REFERENCES

(2014, June 16). Retrieved from http://cie-wc.edu/Series-and-Parallel-Circuits-1-26-12.pdf


Institute of Physics. (2016, June 6). Practical Physics. Retrieved from
http://practicalphysics.org/investigating-series-and-parallel-circuits.html
TryEngineering. (2016, June 16). tryengineering.com. Retrieved from
http://tryengineering.org/sites/default/files/lessons/serpar_0.pdf

PHOTOS

Figure 3: Equipment used in the experiment such as meter stick, iron stand, ruler, mass
and hanger set etc.

Figure 4. A reading of the current flowing in the resistor in a parallel circuit.

Figure 5. The potential of electricity in a series circuit.

Figure 6. We are determining the correct connections of circuit.

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