ID = 169018124 Y/IK 902.01:738 5 904.738(497.11)"-03/-02" Veax BPAHME Apxeonounu uncmumym, Beoepad TEOPUJCKO-METOJOJIONIKM MPOBJIEMA TYMAUEHA KEPAMMUKOL MATEPMJAJIA CA JOKANMTETA KAJIE Y KPIUEBML! Ancmapkm: Jloxanmrer Kare y ceny Kpuiesvita Heqaneko of Bpatba Guo je Hacemen ToKoM TV u nogerkom TIT pexa ripe H.e. CuctemarcKo vcTpaxnBame sarouero je 2001. rogue « rpaje qo aac. 3a caza je orxpmseno sume om 100.000 dparmenata caaxoguesne KepammKe Koja je ¥ BENMKOM NpoLenty uspabupana Ha BuTITY. Berka cmM4HOCT Kepmuke ua Kpuresure ca Matepxjaniom 13 Tpake, Byrapcxe 4 BJP Maxegonmje mpencranma jena of Hajsanmsuoupnjnx mpo6mema RESAHUX 3a TYMATeHe OBUX AOKamMTETA, Pa MMA ga TAD Ja NpUKaKe PasIMYMTe MeTOAOMOUIKE M TeopAjcKe MPMANYNE TYMaveHba TSB. CHEE Kepamuxe pahene na purray. Kryune pewu: cana kepamvika, Ky/ITypHOucTOpHjckM TIpHcTyn, mpo~ LeckH npvctyn, caspeMena MyATHICHMMMApHa HeTpEKUBAIBA, Tepuropujanno - xpononomxu oxBupHt Kontakt pappapckor M rpuKkor cBeTa, of HacTaHka apxeomoruje Kao nayune AMCMTIAMHE JLo aac, Ipe;|CTaBIba BEOMA saHAMIUBY TeMy, HajnlosHarnije tose neTpaxubarsa mpenctabmajy GorarH xanurarcK rpoSoBM m Hacema saraqHe Esporte o Koja je Hamucan BenuKx Gpoj HaysHmx pagona2 [Mepnog maaher rBogsentor Joa, TOKOM Kora flo7IasH Jo KOPeHMTHX MpomeHa Koje HHCy ocTanuae rake Gora? apXeONOLIKA MatepHja, TPAAMIMOHATHO ce NocMarpa Kao TepHom KenTCKAX MATpaLsja H APACTIYHHIX MPOMeHA y ETHHYROM CacraBy Koje cy JoBene jO Mpomexa y Matepujantoj Kxyatypu. Ca pyre crpane, uctropHsapa a apXeonosHt MeyMTepAHCKOr cBeTa HajBHINle TAKE TOCBETHTK cy apxajcKOM Kaacnutiom mepuogy Ppake, ox cy XeneHMCTHNKH nepuog cMarpanit jacrHM 1 Pay mpencranasa pesyntar npojexta Metamno go6a y ostopansy (6p. 147007). 2 Wells 1980; 1984; 1998; Collis 1984,ssi RPAH HeSAHMMWEMBUM TepHOZOM 0 KOM Hema HoTpeGe wa ce MHoro HME? Vs Tor pagmora, KoHTaKTH Bapsapa maaber rposqenor yoGa a rpykor cpera ¢ Kpaja KMACMUHOT H MOUeTKa XeneHMCTHMKOT Mepuoga cMaTparM cy MCTOpH|cKs jactiHMt UMHbeHMIaMa Koje He aaBpebyjy CTY OHY TAKEY Kao HMXOBM KONTAKT TOKOM pakujux nepxopa. Y awrepatypn o Maabem reosjexom qo6y yentpannor Bakara Hajpeha naka nocpehena je mpoGnemy Hactalka 1 %kMBoTA CKopguckas Apxeo7ollike ky/Type ca jaYMM TPIKAUM YTHIAjeM Hcy oBO‘HO MosHaTe.’ TyMayera OBOr TlepKona sacHuBajy ce Ha xynTypHOMcTopxjcKom npuctyny y aehuxucamy marepujananx ocraTaka ogpebere Kyntype, Koja ce Ha ocHoBy reorpadcke o6nactH Kojy aayouMa MW cHCTeMATHallAjM TMcaHMx maBopa® ajeqHayapa ca ompebenom eTHKYKOM rpynalwjom. TuHamuka copMupaka sajequla y yHYyTpalDocre Bankanicxor Momyoctpsa Koje y CBaKOAHEBHOM XXMBOTY Mpase, yBOse * KopcTe TipegMere Kojit ce MOTy CMarpaTH rpUKUM, Huje ZOBOHO pasjaumsena. Tloxanurer Kane y ceny Kpurepmuja mpeqcrapya peak mpumep yrapheror nacema ua [Vu TI pexa npe He. Ha repuropujn CpOuje Ha KoMe je, y BETIAKO} MepH, SaCTYIeH NOKPeTHM M HEMOKpeTHM apxeomoUIKM MaTepHjan c jacHHM ananorujama y rpuKoM cneTy. JloKamMTeT ce, Ha OcHOBY HYMMSMaTHIKMX Hamasa if MMIIOproBaHe KepamuKe, Haryje y Kpaj KAacu4Hor w NloveTaK XemeHUCTHUKOr nepwoga.? Crenen cnusnocrs, ant a pasmxe y ognocy Ha Hacema y [puKoj, TIpescTapba HajMHTepecaHTHUjA Jeo TpoGmema wuje pellapawe MOKE Ja TIpoMenM yoGuuajeny cnMky o Miahem rpoayeHomM jo6y Ha TeHTpasHoM Bankany. Haj6awxy napaneny noxanurery y Kpuesnun a teputopujn Cpbxje TIpescrapiba camuHo Haceme Kaanytt y cemy Opaopuija Kog [pemiena Koje je COLWKHO UCTpaxMBaHO Kpajem ceqaMgeceTHx roamHas Benmxn mpoGnem y TyMaqery Hacema ope opMe mpescTapma He_OBOMHO TosHaBara CAMMHMX mojana Ha Kocony u Meroxuju. Osu murarem Gapuaa ce E. [lyKpujy® Koja Koneraryje fa cy Hacerba IV pexa Ha Kocopy roropo Hertoanara. [yxpuiy oupebexe napanene ca Kpuiepuyom Brau y 738. cuBoj Kepammuy pabetio) Ha 3 Bopaaan, pur, Mapr 1999: 383. 4 Papairanim 1973; Todorovic 1974; Jovanovie 1987. 5 Vasié 1987: 673-690, © Papazoglu 1969; SaSel Kos 2005. 7 Popovic 2006: 523-536; 2007a: 813-821; 2007b: 411-417; 2007c: 125-136. 8 Vukmanovié, Popovic 1982; Popovié 2006: 532. © Shukrin 1989, 164‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, putay Kojy qatyje y V nex mpe H. e. 1 Koja jecTe Korictaronarta Ha Kocony. Mopea, TloMenyre ayTopKe, Hanaexma ca Kocoba Gapuo ce x JI. Cpejosuh.t? Ha tepxTopujn jattamse ByrapcKe orkpiperta cy Gpojtia Hacema Koja Mory ja ce aaryjy y Tepnon om Kpaja V Beka Tipe te. Jo puMcKMX ocpajara. Hacema y Byrapckoj mpegerappajy aj6nmxe avanoruje noKanutery y Kpurewun. CIMuHOCTH ce, Hopes FOTOBO KjleHTHYHE KepaMMke M CBHX jIPYTUX ToKpeTHUX Hamasa, BAJe MY apxITeKTOHCKMM pemlersiMa. HajmosHatnja Hacemba Bor THT y Byrapexoj cy: Muctupoc,!! Cesronommc,? Ueprmx,!? Konpupmer,! Kao a MuHora jpyra.!3 Borara Hacema cmmnmx KapaxrepncraKa orkKpuBeHa cy My Peny6mnu Makegonuju Ha aHjoj Teputopuja ce moceéHo usqBaja o6mact jyKHo om JIemmp Kanwje (y:kHo Topapqapje). Y janaumboj Makenonujx, Sapmere ripoto- MCTOpHjcKMM HlepnogoM MIpeAcTabiba BPO MHTepECAHTHO Tome HCTPAKMBAHSA. Tpo6aemy ce, kao wy ByrapeKoj, najeuthe npucryna us eranaKor yraa. O6u4it0 ce cmarpa ga je o6nact oxo ‘henhenuje a Banargona (annua Améaxcurmja), Tile cy OTkpHBeHa HajrlosHarHja Hacema oBakBe dopMe, Tpunajlana YKEM KPYTY TepHTopuje MakegoricKe Apyane. Cenepruje o6mactn Teonmje, mpermocranma ce, Gune cy HacemeHe HCTOMMeHHM ThieMeHHMa. CeBepHa rpaHuija neoHcKe repuropuje auje yeduautusHo yeraopmena, OGnactn samagHe Maxegounje o6nuHo ce cMaTpaly umMpcKHM, a Kpajibit UcTOK TpaIKAM.!6 Hacema yrephexor TUMa ¢ Kpaja KilCHIHOT M TIOMETKA XENHMCTHUKOr Mepuoga HalaxeHa cy ¥ PeaTHBHO BeTHKOM Spojy y cpeqHem Tlonapaapjy, Tlenarounju a Cromexo-xymanoscxoj o6macT#.!7 Kepammuku Matepujaa ca cBMx ToMeHyTUX ToKamMTeTa ToKasyje MHOrO sajeaHMYKHX KapakTepHeTHka, OcHoBHa cmMuHocT jecre pana ynorpeGa IpHYapcKOr BHTAA Koje ce, mo yoOuuajeHMM cxBaTaiMMa rBosqeHor goba Bankatickor nonyocrppa, peayje Tek 3a Kentcka rinementa.8 Tope Butaa, Tap. cued Kepamuka Ha IMpOKo} TepuTopyjx yHyTpabocrH Bankakcxor 10 Cpejonuth 1973: 39.83. 11 Bouzek, Domaradski, Archibald 1996; 2002, 12 [mnenpor et al. 1984. 13 danrona et al, 1981. M4 Bozkova, Delev 2002. 15 Tlonos 2002. 16 Muaymusth 1999; Coxononcka 1986; Murpescxst 2001; 2005; Buspaxona-T'posganona 19875 Tposyaxo 1996. 17 Mancynsnh 1999: 129; CoKononcka 1986. 18 Dordevié Bogdanovié 1994: 39-52.issn RPAH TonyocTpBa Trokasyje nemMKe cnummocTu y oGmuIMMa u cruny. Sajentmuca Kapaktepuctuka jecre mocTojarke oGnMKa nocyqa Koje cy KoHeTaTOBaHe y ynlorpe6Hoj Kepamuiya cenepre puke. Tlopey, cMBUx, Make TIpol|eHar saysMmajy MKe « UpBene nocyse. 3Havajiio je Aa ce Harlomene ya cy Ha roToRO cBaKOM Of, TOMEHYTHX JOKAMMTeTA KOHCTATOBAHe KepamMuapcKe MehM ucror THna.l9 Ha Kpulesmuxoj akporiomm Kepammuapcxa nich oTKpuBeHa je ToKOM 2005. roguHe. Cactoju ce of A@kuuTa y Kome je npoHahexa Beauka KoHYeHTpanuja rapexu 1 ABE KOMOpe KOje cy XOpMSOHTAMHO MOeeHe seMHAaHOM M jako sarreveHoM pellerkom. OpakaB TIpHMep saHarcke MpowapostKe, THNMGAH sa oGnactH uctounor Megurepata, Kapakrepyily mapasTo BMCOKe Temmeparype Hm BeoMa KBasMrerHa KepaMuKa. BenMku npoGrem y HeTpakUBaHy cBAKOAHEBHE KepamuKe, wMje ce anaroruje TpaKe Y PPYKOM CBeTY, jecTe HeAOBO!HO sAHMMarbe KCTpAKMBAva 9a OBAKAB oGauKa, marepnjanie Kyatype y camoj Ppaxoj. Behnita naysimka samttepe- copana je 3a caMKany KepamuKy, Tako ja je Tocyjama HamerbenuM cBaKoAHeBHO} yllorpe6u rroceheHo Mano npocropa, Beha KonHYMHa OBaKBE KepaMHKe HeTpaxeHa je TOKOM McKorIaBarka Y ONMHTY TpujleceTAx roputHa.2? Yecro ce Kao ananorvja KOpMCTH H KepaMMuK Mavepyjan ca arunicKe Arope.! Pagnor 3a To jecre Jo6pa McTparkenocr M jocTa NyGMMKOBaHOr MaTepHiana. Mebyrmm, qanac ce vcrave ya TaNOTOrMja aTMHcKOr MaTepyjana, KOIMKO rom Guna norogHa 3a qaToBarse y ciy¥ajesuma kag ce pagu o noTSphexom umuopry, He Moxke jja Gyne yHuBepsanto npuxsahera Ha ApyrMM WoKanwreruMa MOUrTo Tipeqctapa peronanky Tpaquunjy.? Caryayyja je Mano Goma y cayyajy XeNeHMCTAUKE KepamuKe na TpuKke Maxeqonnje23 Kepamuxa us Peny6auxe Maxeyounje mosnara je roa uMenom paroanmuyxa cuea Kepamuxa. Tlpo6memom opaKBux Tocyga Gapuna ce B. CoxononcKa Koja Hajlage Tlocyjja cube Goje pabene Ha BuTmy Beayje 3a [leone u cBpeTaBa Mx y LIMP KOBTeKcr cHBe KepaMuKe pabeHe Ha BHTIY Koja ce, Mopey, aHALliHe Maxeqonuje, jaswa u y Cp6ujm a Tpaxwju24 Tocyze Kojuma ce Gapmna Cokoroncka mponamaxene cy y HaceoOuncKuM 1 Torpe6HMM XopusorTaMa nokamurera of Kpuresnije, Kayanyna 4 Bpatcxor [IpuGoja na cepepy, mpeko 19 Braxencia 2005: 261-280. 20 Robinson 1950. 21 Thompson 1934: 311-476. 22 Rotroff 2004: 455-460. 23 Drougou 1991. 24 CoxomoscKa 1992: 41-142, 166‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, Kaparaya Apyrax noKamutera na Kocony, KYMaHOBCKOr M CKOTICKOT permora, Tlenarounje, ma cre qo oGiacrm oKo Oxpuga mw Crpyre. Konmumna manasa opakBUx rlocyya Hajpeha je y McTOUHO) Makeqounj u cpemisem Tosapsapiy. Ca apyre crpane, y oGnacTuma jyxHo oq Jemmp Kanuje xonmumna ope KepaMMke jpacrM4Ho onaya. HajMacopymje mpvcycrBo sabenexeHo je Ha noxanuteruma [paquurre ~ Bpasya a Tpagunrre ~ Hepesx y oxommun Cxonma a Ha noxanuteTuma ['paqumre - Herotuno u Ipaqumre — Knexje Kon Cretor Hakone. Tlopex paloantuake cube, y oGiactn Koja ce Ha ocHoBy TIMcaHAx MoBopa cMaTpa TeoHCKOM, 9ajeHO ca CMBOM KepaMMKoM pabeHlomM Ha GpaoM BuTTy, Tiponanaxkenn cy m oGmMyA pabena pykom25 Y ony rpyny cppcrate cy paste BpcTe OHal{a ca TOTKOBMYACTAM H jeaH4acTHM [pIKAMa, TlApayHocH H ocrame nocyga rpy6e dbakrype ca BeNMKMM NpOWeHTOM KBapya M JMCKyHA, TaMHOCHBE unm mpKe Goje. Opaj Marepujan, c o6smpom qa je paben pykom, He mloceayje TOMAKO sajeqHMIKUX KapakTepHcTHka Ha [e/0j TepHTOpyjn THe je KOHCTaTOBaHA M paHoanTHuKa cuba KepaMMka, aM M jae ToKasyje jacHe ananoruje ca KpuleswuxuM rpyGum nocygama. OGe rpyme KepamnKe MosHate ua Tleormje, ya onpehene cruncKe pasmuKe, KOHCTaTOBaHe Cy HM Ha CBUM TOMeHYTHM Hacemiima y ByrapcKoj. Cxpa kepamaKa pabena Ha simiy, Kojoj je nocachexa gamexo acha naxisa Hero rpyOuM mocygama, oGjanmera je y oxBUpy ny6nuKanuja Koje cy maqaTe TlOBOAOM HeTpwKHBArA TosHaTux noKanutera y Byrapcxoj.26 Hau uapage mu sactymmenn oGmun nlokasyjy BemMky yHudopMHocT ys ogpeheHe pasiuKe Koje ce cMaTpajy yoOutajenum 360r noctojarsa paqMoHMua sa Mapamy KepaMMKe ¥ CBAKOM Hacerby. Kao # y [leonnju, qommumpajy agene ca oSof0M NopnjenuM Ha yHyTpa, pase pcre 738. amcboponqHHx rocysla, cKUoCH, KPYasM, TSB. CTAMHOUAHE TlocyAe, Kao u MHore apyre rpuke (popme. KapakrepuctH4no sa cBe HcTpaxkupaye jecre ja obakny Kepamuky cMaTpajy Hapaso Tpakor eTHoca. Byrapexu w Makeqorckn ayTopu Gwin cy yrosHaTn ca ucTpaxnBarbuma Koje cy y Kpinesuiys oGapmanx Ml. Muxynunh mM. Jopatosuh2? Camanocrn Koje cy KOHCTaTOBAHE Y KPILEBYKOM MaTepHjany ca cMBOM KepamMKOM paheHioM Ha BHTAY, aM Hi OHOM Hapabupatom pyKoM, Ha UIMpoKoj TepHTopHjn om JlemMp 25 Coxomoncka 1991: 183-183. 26 Ganrona 1981: 52-106; Domaradski 200 2 Momxynush, Jonanonsth 1968: 355-375, 189-207; Uarexona 1984: 18-115. 167Kanmje wa jyry qo yesrpanne Tpaxuje, tymaveHe cy Kao mocnegmya Tpasxor?® ui nieorcKor?? erHoca y BpatscKo} KoTAMHH. Tumonouxko - crarncrMuka anamusa Tpeaumunapay tunonomko-crarucruuky akamusy Kepammaxor MaTepujama 13 Kpiiesunie,*® orkpaBeHor TOKOM IIPBe TPH KaMMaise HeTpAKUBAEA oj 2001. 0 2003. rogune, o6japnme cy M. Antuh u C. Ba6uh3! Tom mpunucom o6pabero je 51.940 dparmexara. Matepujan je nonement y sermpu rpynte: cmoxo, kyxurecKo, mparcnopmo v nocybe sa cxnadtaumenme. Ha ocHoBy dpaxrype HajtBojeHe cy TPM octosie Kareropuje: rpy6a, cpemtea 1 dunia Kepammna, Y TatlonommKoM cMmcmty raya je naqpojeHo 16 KapakrepucrayHHx oGnuka, HasHBM oGmmKa mlocyqa TIpeyseTH cy M9 rpuKe TepmnHomoraje, Kaa je To Guo Moryhe. Dopmynapy sa cratucrasy o6pany KepamnKe us Kpmesmye mpeysera cy ce moKanmrersta Kaneypa y Kaguha 6pay. Hacrapkom vicrpwxuparba y Kpulesuu y nepwogy og 2004. yo 2006, roqune npuKyruseno je jour 53.467 @parmenara kepammuxux rlocyya og Kojsx je y 3.739 cnyyajesa Gano Moryhe yrapqMTH oGiMK. Bpoj aeduHncanux oGnnKa, Tportentyanta sactynmenocr, Kao u Goje * akrype mpencranmenn cy y BURY raGene, Cratuctruxom o6payom yrapheno je aa je oxo 80% rocyga uspaheno Ha sutiy. Y opy rpyny cnajajy cav oG7MIIM KOjM YMHe TaB. cuay Kepamuxy, an Heke Mlocyjle MpKe 1 1IpBene Goje. 'pyny nocyna koje HUCy pabene Ha BHTIy YHHe: jemua spcera nonua Koja je mo mpasuny pahewa pykom, Kao oGaMi HonyT TIMTOCA Ht TOKAOTIATIA KON, KO}UX Cy, ¥ PaSTMUNTHM MPOLeHTHMA, sactyrUDEHe oe TexHUke. PyKOM cy pabee mlocyje Tony Tapa M MIMpayHoca Koje cy KONCTaTOBaHe y saHeMapuBo Mazom 6pojy mpuMepaKa. PeiarHsHo BenMKM MpoyeHdar amdopa (5,249) Koje cy nponanwxene y BUM JeNOBUMa MoKaMHTeTa CREAONM O PasBUjeHUM TproBAaTKUM aKTHBHOCTHMA. Oxaj oGnMK ce 10 6ojK 1 dakrypy jacto uaqBaja og octane KepamuKe. Ocunt jeqnor cmy¥aja y KoMe je KOHCTaTOBAH 2M KOJM JOKAayje Ja ce pag o MMMOpTy ca Tacoca, ocra/M TpuMepim cragajy y rpyny Henevahennx amdopas 28 UuuKona 1984: 18-115; Yaxropa 1981: 52-1005 Honon 2002, 29 Coxomoncxa 1991: 163-183; 1992: 141-148, © Tunomouxy o6paay Kepammxe og 2001. rogue go ganac oOapmann cy: CnoxKana Huxomh-Bophesnh, Cuexara Mermxout, Crama BaGwh, Minawa Anrih, Visa Benyci, Bepa Kpersh, Mupa Tayman, Kpxctuma Texessth, Jozana Tprmxornh, Sopmya Kyoaanonuh # Jyr Mapxonith xojmma cpaauio saxnayjen. 31 Antnth, Ba6wth, 2005; 213-228, 32 Toregapmua, BaGuh 1992: 60. 33 Popovié 2006: 528. 168‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, Kynrypuoucropujcxat npuctyn Tokom gommnannje kyrtypHoneTopxjcke napagurme (ocampecere roguse XIX — mesqecere roqume XX eka) oGpaja “ TyMaverme KepaMu4Kor MaTepyjana AOKMBEIM CY MYH Mpoupat. CrasickKo-THMOAOLIKe KapakTepucTMke TlocyAa, Topes| MHOLKX PYTMX KapakTepHCTMIHUX TparoBa MatepujanHe KyATYpe, UMaMe cy WBYIHY ynory y gedunucary nojma apxeonoume xyntype. Y HegocrarKy aniconyTHor JaToparsa, Mopebersem THMOMOLIKMX KapaKTepucTAKa MaTepjana PAgIMMHTHX KYATYpa OcTBApeHO je PEMaTHBHO — XpoHOMOLIKO jaToOBatbe IipaveropujeKMx noKammrera y yayrpauuitbocrn Epporie# Hajuewthe yrupanu xyatyprouctopujckn ripumep geduunynje apxeonourke kyitype® jecre Jeo wa yponHor mormabma Krure I. Yajnja The Danube in Prehistory y KoMe ayTop M3HOCH jejait of PeTKAX TeopujcKUX ocBpTa Ha HaWHH Gapmetsa apxeonorHjom TOKOM AOMMHaKHje KyATypHOMCropujcKe mapamMrMe. Yajan, open KynType, roBOPA o cBMM peneBAHTHHM TojmMoBnMa apxeomomIKe Tipakce Tora BpemeHa. 3a oBaj pajl HajMiTepecanTHaje je YajnqoBo* craxopmurre © TIpHMeH TArLonorHje.27 Vs ynrmparior opemka Buju ce qa je THTomOMIKa atannsa KepamMMNKHX rocysa naria Hajpeha sHavaj y Hormeay jaToBarba, Ayropa rlonyT Yajima emarpaan cy Jka OGTAK MU CIMT KepaMHUKHX Mocyjla eBomyupaly, MIM ce aK jereHepHulty, ¥ SaBMCHOCTH Of OTBOPeHOCTH M CIIPEMHOCTH HeKe KyMType a IpHxBaTH cTpaHe 34 Olsen 2002; "Trigger 2006; Johnson 1999; Renfrew, Bahn 2004; Renfrew 1973. 35. \TpeGano 6x pehit peu Win Ane o ToMe kako je apxeonoruja KonITMpana. Tponarasitmo Oupebente THMoBe ocTaTaKa ~ Kepanst4ke Hocyste, opyba, opHaMeHTe, HAYIAHE caxpatpscoaIba, odmitxe Kyha — Kojnt ce KOHCTaHTHo janmajy aajento. Takan KOMTUTEKC KapaxTepHIcTstxa Koje ce peqonio janmajy aajeano uaazaheno xynmypuow epynon wut jeuHocTaDHo KYAMypoNs. Tipernocranmamo ja je Taxap KOMMeKc MaTepHjarHHt Hspas oHIOTA UITO AaHac HasHRAMO ‘Hapodo. Camo TaMO re je TaKaB KOMIITEXC PEAOBHO i HCKMYHBO MORESAH Ca CKENTETHEEM ocTausiva cneustbuunor dissexor Tama, yeyapuTI GxcMO ce ja saMenEMO HapO ca pacom (Childe 1929:¥-vi). 36 Childe 1929: y-xii. 37 Tao rye crparurpadicust Wnt reoNOUKM NOAH NeTOcTajy, Mopamo ja ce OKpPeHeMo numonorsjs, Ova ce sacha HA MpernocTapIOT Aa cy TIMOBM eponyHpanK (HK ce qerenepncamt) ¥ perymaprm npemertciams cexnerjana, Bampa je camo Kazi (1) MOCTojst HeKOMKO TemLOMOUNKGDX Cepsja ca paaMieDETHME KAPAXTEpUCTHKAMA KOje CranHO MOrY ga ce ynopebyjy m sajento pasmarpajy, (2) xaa cy ARe 1m nitMe KapaxtepwcTitKa HeKaKO opesaie ¥ ANCOMyTHIL BPeMeHCKM Hus Ht (3) ¥ OKENPHMA nlojenmHaMHe KYRTYpe Mam y oGniactst KoNCTaHTHO movesaHeEX Kymtypa. “aK 3 yo one Peseppe, TiromorHja upyxa jenant BeoM allcrpakraH nojarak o BpeMeny. ¥ jjeHonsiMa Espone XX peka enexnpisna exepriijia H MpepwncKe Ymaxe anme, PeROBO Ce KOPHCTE Of CTPAHE sajeHMa KOje KTBE Ha CAMO pe WK TPH MIE ynameNocrit® (Childe 1929: vii-viii). 169issn RPAH yruyaje. O6uTHO ce, Ha ocHoBY 3qpaBor pasyma, MpermocTanmamo Aa je Tlorpe6Ho oapeheHo Bpeme ja GM ce Mpomera uctobwra. Tpernocrapmens BPEMCHCKA Tlepxoy cayKMO je 8a ycHOcTaBmarse PenaTHBHe xpoHonornje esporicke mpanicropuje. [Ipomene o6nuka n cruma kepammuKux nocyya Hajyenthe cy cmarpane pesynrarom yudyanje, a y cnyyajesuma kana cy Ge apactuune 1 npahene mpomexom ocramux oGimka Mavepujane Kyatype, pesyntarTom Murparwja. Onakan mpuctym moctao je y ocHoni™m MeTo paja KynTypHo- MCTOpujckux apxeomoras® KynrypHoncropujcka apxeonorija y dumtosodeKom cmuciy paspumna ce as HeMauKor pomaHTnema, Y Bpeme HauMoHan—poManTHsMa apxeonoruja je crexna BeTMKH Yreg Kao Hayka Koja 43 TIpBe Pyke MoxKe Ja ce GaBM TIpellMMa, aM M Kao mohio opyrxje Koje Moxke Ja OKAKe, aM Mt OcTIOpM Besy Hauja y HacTajawy jeque, « Murcxux mpeqaxa ca apyre crpare. Ynpano Moryhnocr mpoyuasarsa eTHHUKE MpMMaqHOCTA MYA M3 MIPOUWMOCTH Koja je Morma Ja ce McKOpHeTA ¥ TIONMTHYKE CBPXe, CMaTpa Ce KILYYHOM KapakrepuCTMKOM KynTYpHOMCTOpHjcKe apxeonornje Koja oBy WKomy pasgBaja og coumocBonyyoHnera XIX BeKa.2? Saxnamyjyhu nopMatuBnom npuctyny Koj Mpumeryje, oOmn 1 CTH MocyAa TOcTain Cy jeaH Of HYYHHX dbakTopa Koj AeHHMAMY eTRMUKY NpunagHocT mya us mpoumocts. [lebunncase npomena y oGnmyyMa 1 crumy, Koje cy cMarpaHe nocneqMLjom eBorynuje, y TYMauerbe Cy yBeme arcrpakrHy mpeycrasy 0 Bpemeny. OpakaB lipKeryn omoryhno je Aa ce oATOBOpH Ha IMTarbe Koju Hapod Wt xomuKo dyeo? Kao urro je mosHaTo, TOKOM JOMMHaLyAje KynTypHOMcropHicKe UIKO/I€ OTBOpEeHO je NMTabe ETHOFeHESe HaHALEbUX Hapoma KojM cy, saxbaryjyhu HOAMTAYKOM TPeHYTKY, TOBESMBAHM Ca ETHMYKUM SajeAHMaMa nosHaTMM As TMMcaHMX MsBopa. O TOME KOMMKO OBaKaB IIpMCTyN Moxke ja Gye onacan Harucano je nyHo pajopa.”? Yrrayemno je ja cBM AO JaHac MosHaTH paqoBH Kojm ce THYy KepamMuKor Matepujata tonyt onor ca Kpulesaue y Teopicko-MerogonoulKoM cMMeny creye ugeje KyiTypHoMcTopHjcKke apxeonoruje. Tlogaym qoGujexm TymMayerem ManoGpojHMx MMcaHMx HaBopa, KoMGMHOBANM ca cHeyoMIHMM KepaMoruKAM Matepijaiom, mpercranmajy BeoMa TIpuMammuse mHopManuje 3a Tpagu- UMOH@IHe MCTPAKMBaye KOjM, ca BehOM MIM MarbOM curypHouthy, moKyulaBajy ja eTHMUKH ompegene cranoBHuKe Hacema Ay6oxKo y ynyTpamnboctn Bamkarcxor 38° Childe 1929; 1957; Clark 1971; Tapamansar 1973. 39 Jones 1998; Olsen 2002. 49 Jones 1998, Trigger 2006: 211-311, Renfrew, Bahn 2004; 471-473, Olsen 2002; 29-39, 70‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, nonyocrppa! ErHwuka tymavera, ¢ oGsMpoM Ha BeIMKY cnmunocr y MarepujanHoj KynTypy, yrnaBHoM ce sacHMBajy Ha reorpadcKom momo%Kajy Hacemba Koj ce yropebyje ca MpernocrapmeHoM KapToM pacttpoctparenocTH TIpoTOMcropHjcKunx IIeMena. Kyatyproucropujckm mpuctynm moKkasao je mpeqHocTM uM Mane oBakBor Teopujekor omperemersa. Jlanac cy qo6po TosHaTH TepuTopujamAM uw xporo- TOWKM oKBMpH. TpoGem mIpescTabHa HeqoBobHa KoIMIMHA NyGIMKOBAHOr Matepujaia u Henoctojaise nySauxayje Xoja ue KyATypHoncTopyjcKor yraa nocmarpa cuBy Kepamuky pabeny Ha Bury Ha ue) TepuTopHjn Ha Kojoj je obaKab OGIMK MaTepujaie Ky/TYpe KoHCTaToBaH. YrnapHom ce oGjapbyiy Kpah TeKcTOBK ca OCHOBHUM Mo,auiMa 0 oKanKTeTy ca Kora ToTH¥e Marepujan jonoce ce ogpefenm saxmy4yn 0 xpoHonorajt u eTHMIKOM onpeyemerby, ai Hitje TlosHaTa HujeqHa NyYSIUKalNja Koja oawsbHto yrlopebyje Matepujan ca pasaMuuTyx aoKanuTeTa. Axo mpoGnemy mpoxe pacripocrpaiseHocrH cuBe KepaMMKe IIpucTyHMMo ns yrna y KOMe OCHOBHO lobe MHTepecoBarsa Huje eTHHYKO ompeseruBarse, Byyehemo ja ce KapakTepucTM4uHe Mocyye jabbajy Ha IMpoKoj TepMTopujA oA Tlemup Kanuje wa jyry, ma cae qo Tomopapma a Tpaxuje. OsomKa PacHipocTpaseHoct, ¥ MOMeHYTOM MCTOPHjcKOM Tepuony, TeLIKO MoxKE 7a CBEAOUU O MocTojay jeHOr KOMMAaKTHOr eTHMUMTETa, oceGHO Kajja MMaMo y Buy MogepHa TyMayeMa eTHMYKOr HyeHTHTETa” uw rMcaHux usBopa.t OpaKan MpucTyn OTBapa HoBe TeMe o KepaMHuKOM MaTepyjany Koje He Mo”pasymenajy eTHMIKM JeTepMMHM3aM, a CaMMM THM vamase M3 yoOuuajeHor KyTypHo- ucropijcKom TyMagera. TIponecuu npuctyn Tokom mesyecerux roguna XX eka jouimo je qo Apacrummx mpomena y apxeonornjn aHrmocakcoHcKMx semasba. Ky/TypHoMcropHjckm TIpacTyn TyMa- Yerba Mponiiocr AokMBeo je o36MLHE KPUTMKE Koje cy JoBere Oo MpomeHe napaqurme y KyHosckom cMmcay."# Y yentpy KpuTuKe Guo je TpanMMoHAMHO cTaHOBULITe 0 KYATYPH, a CAMMM TUM HO KepaMMniqt Kao Mpe_MeTy MarepujamHe 41 Coxononcka 1991: 163-183; 1992; 141-148; Murmpescxir 2001; 2005; Monon 20025 Morxymanth 1999; Brerpakora-T'posstanora 1987; Bouzek, Domaradski, Archibald 1996; 2002; Tnsutrpos et al 1984; Yaxtropa et al 1981; Bozkova, Delev 2002. 42 Jones 1998; Lucy 2005. AS Babié 1994: 125-128. 44 Olsen 2002: 43-54; Trigger 2006: 386-418,issn RPAH Kyntype Koj, cnegehw Yajagony gedurmmjy, perpesertyje ermmnxy npanayHocr.s Hona, npoxecra apxeonoeuja KpuruKonana je HopMatMBnx mpucryn KysTypHo- uctopujeKe mxone. KyntypHonctopujcka Mpuctyn KpuTuwapy cy HasBant CTaTHHMM M TpHTMGHO HaMBHMM NorsejoM Ha Tipoutocr.*6 [porech ayropu CMATpaIA cy Ya cy IbY/ICKE IajeAHMIe AMHAMMUHE M ToANIOrKHE TIpOMeHaMa Koje He Mopajy aa Gyny rocnequra camo pudysuje win Merparpsja. Uqeja na Mory na ce uctpaxyjy ApymTaenm mpoyecn m myACKO MoHaMare, Hactann Kao Tocneypa aqanranyizje Ha TIpMpogHe YoMoBe, KAO A MHCHCTMPAKe Ha WOKAHO} eBonyuyijm, Mocranm cy HOMMHaHTaH HayMH TyMayewe Kymtype. M cama jecbuuunuja xymtype mperpnena je orpomay npomeny. Kymrypa je zedunncana Kao BaHtenecHa aganTanuija Ha npMpogay cpeyuny? [Ipneryn je mpeyser us autportonoruje 1 Gruaak je counjantim atTportomoama XIX BeKa. Y dunosodpckom cmmcay mpouecta apxeonornja mpuxpara mormaKH rosn- TuBSaM, a TO TMTaBY MeTogoMOrMje saxmy"uBAra sacHMBa ce Ha XHMTO~ TeTHIKO-JeAYKTHBHOM MeTosy. TlosvTHBMsaM Kac MaTepujanMcTMAKK MpaBall UHCHCTUpa Ha oGjeKTABHOCTH HM Hay") MpoRepmupocta peayntata, a y OKBMpHMa Mporeche MKOMe JoBeo je Ao oACTYNaMa of sqpaBopasyMcKMx TyMaweHba THIMGHHX 38 KyNTYpHoncTopujcKy apxeonornjy.#® Ananusa Kepa- MUNKUX TIOCy;a, a HApOMNTO TpaRMIMOHATHO TyMavEHe JOSHjeHX pesyrara, liperprienn cy Hajpehy Kpuruky. Kisyana pasiuna, rope upyraanjer mpneryna mpobiemy, Guia je y ToMe ja cy MpouecHH ayTopH cMaTpamM ja paonuanra MaTepujanxa KyATypa He Mopa Ja NpegCTaB/a 4 PagMMAMT eTHHYKM CacTaB yAM ug npommocrn. 3ua4aj rpupogne cpemMHe M KIMMATCKHX yeropa MpenosHar je Kao cyIMTHHCKM chaxrop y gedhunncarsy kyntype. Y mpoueckMM KpyroBMMa MHCHCTHMpano ce Ha Mpebasunaxkersy TpayuuMonaHe apxeonoMKe oLiceguyTOCTA apredaxTuMa 1 Tlocehupaiby MyHe nawkise MpolecuMa KojM cToje wea hopme MarTepsjanHe Kystype. TIpapoqua yonosu H KiuMa y Kojoj cy ce pasBujane sajequAne 4a npoulnoctx, nocrana cy KByWAM hakTOp y Aedutcasy myACKOr NOMAaALba, a caMMM TMM ™ o/roBapajyhe Matepujante KynType. Ha opaj Haya mpocropra oprannsasja Hacema, eXOHOMMja, Kao HM ApYUITBeHa opranmsanysja Koja ce 45 Binford 1962: 219-225; 1965: 203-210; 1983a, 1983b; Clarke 1971. 46 Binford 1962; 1965; Clarke 197 1. 7 White 1959: 8; Binford 1962: 218. 48 Trigger 1998; 2006; Olsen 2002; Johnson 1999, 172‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, dopwempa y uertepaxuyjsn myAM Mu oKOMMME MocTajy ocHOBHM nperMeT miTe- pecobalba Hay4HMka.!? Cxpararse Kyntype y OyHKUMOHaNNCTHUKOM cMMeRy KAO cHCTeMa ca TOgCH crema pasaor je sa Apyraunjn npeyMer uiTepeconarsa TponecHHx apxeorora. Basmerse Kepamuxom y Ky/TypHomctopujcKom cmucny Bune Huje Guno FOBOHO fa GU ce Ha Mpaa HAWN ananMaupana KynTypa. Pasnnunra TOACHCTEMH Y OKBUPUMa jeaHe KYATYPe, OAHOCHO CHCTeMa, MOCMaTpaHM Cy Kao dynikquonania yenmna, a Mavepujania KynTypa Koja Moe Ja ce BEKe ga HeKy AKTHBHOCT MpaRWNHO ce MaysaRa caMo aKO ce pasyMe Teo MecTO y COUMOKY/TYPHOM CHCTeMy sajeqHute ue pommocr.” Y TaksuMm oKomHoctuma Kepamuka je cxBaTaHa Kao mpeqMer Matepnjante KYITYpe Koj Mowe la CBETOTH o pasMMaKTHM TloACHCTeMHMA HeKe sajemtMTe. Y jeqHoM ocBpTy Ha NMTawe anaiuse KepaMuke 13 WesyecerMx roquna, JI. BuHopA roBopH 0 MopdOMOMIKMM Mf CTHIICKMM pasmikama Koje, KaKO CMaTpA, Mpescranmajy jenoBare NOTHYHO PasAMANTEx MIporeca m crora Mopajy fa ce ananusupajy u mocmarpajy pasmmunto.5! Ha mophonornjy mocyga Bunopa rnega Kao Ha YCTO MpakTHuKY nojay Koja je aMpeKTHO saBncHa on byHKUHje Kojoj peysnujenr cayrxu, Kao mpamep yanma ce pasmuxa nameby rarbupa u WOHIa. Ope pasinke AMpeKTHa Cy MocieyMia aarrarnje Ha sajare yc/oBe, oAMOCHO BPCTY Xpatle Koja ce Beayje ga ompehery mocyay. J[msajt mocysa rakohe cMarpa agantauyjom Ha IpHpogue yonose, aim y OKBMpy qemosarba coumjanHor 111M WACOROUIKOr MOACHCTeMA KAO MeXAHMSMA Koji sajeMHAUY pK Ha OKYTIY. AyTop cMarTpa ja ce CTH/ICKe KapakTepucTHke Mocysa Besyjy 3a ApylITBeHA KoHTeKCT y KOMe cy HacTazle, Ha TIPHMep Aa 1M cy TIpapmene y oKBApY MMpe rpyne yA Mi camo jegHe Hlopogmye. Ms Tor pasnora mpeanwxe ga ce nocyae anamusnpajy MpBo ca MopHonOMIKe, Na Tek OHA Ca CTWICKE TAUKE meAMULITA. Ynopehusaisem peayntara Mory ga ce goOujy Hogan o TexHonOMKOM, am MO COUMjamHOMt 1 HCOTOMIKOM TlOACHCTeMy aajeRHMTe. Crmuan mpuctyn Kepammun umao je Jl. Knapk Kojx je cmarpao qa dbynnnuja pasiuamrux apredaxara Bapupa y oncery of MAMOcHHKpeTHMKMX Jo WHCTO YHKUMOHATHMX. Pasa ce BHA y HMBOY cioGoze Kojy cy MojeqMANM KojH cy npasui apredaxre uMan. Tpeqmere sesane sa UqMOCMHKperHsKy erpany MYCKE sajeqHALle Kapaxrepwuly Hajsehe Bapyjauuyje mM HajMata jMpexrHa * Butzer 1982. 50 Clarke 1971: 43-82; Binford 1962: 217-225. 51 Binford 1965: 203-210.issn RPAH saBMCHOCT om MpHpo_uux yenona. Kao cynpotnocr ayrop ucTuue dymerp1o- Hay cTpaKy y OKBMpY Koje cy Bapujaluje MMnUIMamHe jep apredakr Ha wACTO npakTHuny byAKIAjy M CYITHHCKM Mpeycrapyba ayarraljujy Ha sajare yonope.S? Hajnostarnja cryquja Koja ce 6am Kepammkom ms crporo mpowecHior yrna jecte Kisura log Hacnonom Kepamuuxa meopuja u kynmypnue npoxecu.S? AyTop po MOBHIlle [Ba HajnlosHaTHja NPMHIMNa MporecHe apxeonoruje: akrportonornjy, omHocHo eTHOapxeomorjy Kao HeMlocpeaHy IpUMeHY Teopuje cpeaEer ontcera © jentie w cHcTeMcKO MMULberse mM HaysHM mpuctyn arannsmpaisy Hw TyMaNeHDy Toqataka ca qpyre crpane. Knumatckm ycmopm, Kao mito je yoOuuajeno y TIpol|ecH4M KpyroBMMa, cMaTpaHiM cy mIpecy; HMM «pakTopoM 9a HacTaHaK ompeberrx KYATYpHUX KapakTepucTUKa, Ta caMuM THM Mm OGAMKA mH cTHma KepaMMukux Tocy;ta. Mebyrum, mpouecha apxeomorvja, Kako je mpelcrapaia Apyraymja rpmctyn UCTPOKMBARY KepaMMYKOr MaTepiNjara, HUje ce saycraBiia Ha Tome. OcHOBHMt npeqMer ncrpaxupama one ukome Husje Guna KepamutKa, Kao HM Guo Koj APyCM Kapakrepucruuan Tun aptedakara, Beh Jepuuncae umpe cnuKe YenoKyriHe Kyatype us npouimocrs, Cucremcxo Muuuberse dbasopusosano je mpoLece Koj MOKe usa CBaKOr MYACKOr FenoBarba. Kepamuxa je Gua camo yenuh y oxBupy KOMITIEKCHE CAIMKE O 3aje(HUlaMa M3 TponiocTn. Majeja a sajeqHAle Texke a ca ITO Malke TloTpouleHe exeprije HaByky Hajsehy Moryhy Kopxcr, daopHsoBana je Gapmesse eKoHOMMjoM, MpocTOpHOM opraxHsauujoM Hacema u opmmparse MIMpe CHMKe 0 AKTHBHOCTMMA Ha BemMKUM TepuTopxjama. FpocropHa apxeo- nornja JL. Knapxa® npejcrapma THUAN TIpuMep MIpollecHor Kopxmihersa rona- Taka qoGujeuMx McKoTapamem apxeonomKer Marepujana y exBupy Kora dparmexrn Kepamuxe saysumajy axauajHo MecTo u cBeqoue 0 OMHOCY YIM H TIPApoAHOr OKPyKeHA. Crane TeHJeHIje Bue ce Koy BehMHe HajrosHaTHjAx MpolecHMx ayropa, Kepamuka BMIle HeMa IeHTpamHo MecTo y NyGmMKalMjama, a Yecro ry6M ue ocHosny yrory y qedurncarsy apxeonomKux Kyztypa, 1 rocTaje jeqocrasant 1 He TOMUKO 4aHUMIBMB MIpeAMeT Koj CBEAOUM O AKTHBHOCTUMa M3 TIpotTOCTH. Obakab TIpMcTYN BAJM ce ¥ CBMM MIporecHHm nyGaMkartujama. [losnat npumep jecy Penpyona gena o neonmry 1 Mxqoenpormanumass niu Bencone cryanje 0 52 Clarke 1971: 134-145, 521-522. 53 Arnold 1985. 54 Clarke 1977: 1-28. 55 Renfrew 1973; 1987.‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, rsoaqetom go6y Expone? xoje ce npesacxogHo Sase yruuajem cHomannemx gaxropa y Buy mpmporre cpemMHe vom Hanpesmajux yBMANeaHja Ha dopamparse apymrrsertinx omtioca. Jlonpuxoc Hope apxeonornje Kpoa Kopautherse Meroja MpMpogHUX HayKa HajBuiue ce orneqa y ToMe ITO cy ce aytopu, Kopuctehy MaremaTHuKe mpuHUAre KnacnuKanuje, TpyAMM Ja OCMUCHE CHCTEM paja Koj je OGjeKTUBAH M Hay4HO npopepmxs. Maeja fa pasiM4nTA HaydHMNA Mory Ja AoGujy McTe craTMcTMaKe pesyrare Tpes{cTaBsba BeNMKH Harlpeyak y O_HOcy Ha KysTYpHOMcTOpHjcKH npucryn.57 Jeqan og nosHarajxx mpmMepa ope spcre jecre m HyMepwuKa raxconomuja Kojy je J]. Knapk mpumermnao kao maremarmuco opybe y ralacnduKarysjn apredakara.ss Henocrojarse mponechor mpuctyna, nonyr crypuja © rBosjenom AoSy sanague Espone,® crnapa Beauky npasnmuy y TyMaveruma oguoca Ppuxe cranoB- Huntra yHytpanimocru BamkatcKor nonyoctpsa Toxom Mmaber raoajenor jo6a. TIporecha apxeovoryja, cregehu ugeje eKonOLIKor AeTepMAKMeMa HM sHavaja eKOHOMMje, Mora GM fa feMHMile MexaHMaMe Koja mMogeTH4y, caja Beh WOKasaHe, TPrOBAYKe aKTMBHOCTH O KOjMMa CBEAONM BeAMKA KOMMUMHA Matepujana C nOKanMTeTa TOMyT KPIIeBMYKOT, Kao % MocmeAMYe Koje TaxBa curyanuja uma Ha paspoj noKannux sajequmua. Tlosnaro je qa cy Bogehu crpysmannt Koj cy ce Gasuat rsosqenum jo6om sartague Espore uncuerapanat Ha EKOHOMCKMM OHOCHMa MOKANHOr craHoBAMutTBa u Tpke, omHocHo Puma, kao Bogehem eneMeHTy KojHt je JoBeo, Mameby ocramor, M Jo ypOanMaarluje TOKOM crapujer m mmaher rsosqenor go6a. Moryhx mpouecum npuctyn morao 6m a Gyje Mm TyMavere sHavaja crenmmsne mpmpogHe cpequHe y Kojoj cy Hacema TlOAMBaHa, Kao M OGjalmbeEHbe paamora gallITO Cy Heka Haceyba rpajMHCKa, NOK cy Apyra opMupana y WIMpoKMM JommHama. Jled@unMcatbe MpolecHor TyMayerba, SaCHOBaHOr Ha eKOHOMCKMM aKTHBHOCTHMa, Morno 6H ja oGjacHu nojaBy Kepamuxe paherte 10 TpyKM ysopuma Kao camo jeque of MHoroSpojrmx npomesa koje cy saxBatume sajequmue y yaytpaunbocta BankatcKor nomyoctppa HaKOH MHTEHSMBMparha TPFOBAYKUX AKTHBHOCTA Ca CTaHOBHMLITBOM ceBepHe Tpure. 58 Wells 1980; 1984, 57 Orton 1980; Shennan 1997; Drennan 2004. 58 Clarke 1971; 512-567. 59 Wells 1980; Collis 1984. 60 Wells 1984.issn RPAH Tlocrmpoyecuu npucryn Tlocrnpoyecta apxeororuja pasbuma ce ocampeceTax roguna y Bpuranija Kao KpxTuKa mporecte ukone, OconHa pasnuxa jecte y dumosodcKom MpaBuy Koji yegmmme mpucryn maysanarny mpommoctn. 3a pasmuxy on ToanTHAMaMa Kojit je JOMMAHMpad y TIPOIeCHHM KpyToBHMa, rlocTpolecka apxeonormja npuxBara KOHI€NT MIpouereKao Ka crpyKTypasama.s! Y parioj chasm pasnoja noctnpouecte mkone, BemuKn yrunaj Ha apxeonourKa TyMauerba uMann cy ayropn mony Konunreyza (Collingwood), Jlesu-Crpoca (Lévi-Strauss) 4 Bpogena.®? Opakan mipneryn mpomero je uiTepecopatsa apxeonora Koji BHILIE HACY TOBOpHAM © agartrayjama n mpupomo) cpeanan Beh © mjeonourkom acrexty apyurrpa. ¥ TAKBAM OKOMHOCTHMA HacTana cy HeKA Of HajrlosHaTMjax moctmporecumx qena.s? Kao nocnequija mpomene umosodcke opHjentalmje, apxeomouika TyMayerba noctama cy GrvwoKa caBpeMeHUM TexmBaMa y altTporomorMja mM comMonorMjA. Jlanac, saxnamyjyhu qamem pasnojy APyMTBeHUX HayKa, MocTMporect™ ayropu MHCHKpallnjy Tpaxe y jenuma Mujenca u Bypaujea.+ CTaB fla MpowblocT He MOxe la Ce MsyYaBa OOjeKTUBHO M3 AaHalllebe MepcrieKTABE UCTPKMBAYA, CyIITHHCKA je pasnkka y osHOCy Ha NosMTABMCTHEKM TIpHeTyn. Toctnporecna mkona, Kao NpunuuHo xeTeporen Mpasall, KpHTHKOBAMa je cme pepoparse y oOjekrpHocr HayuHHka. Mgeja qa gorabaj ue ripoumocrn Moke ya ce TYMaYM CAMO @KO MOKYLIaMO Ya CXBATMMO KOHTeKCT y KOMe ce ogMrpao, Kapaxrepucrituna je sa Hajnosnarijer atana nocrmporecne mKore J. Xoqepa. Xogep je Teopujcxu npuctyn Kojx je aactynao MpRo6UuTHO HasBao KOHTeKCTYan- HOM, & KaCHMje MATeprIpeTarHBHoM apxeonorijom.6 Kacuuje cy qpyrit ayropa, mscrmpueanm Xogeposam payosuma, passim MioroGpojiie pasmuunre mpuctyne y mpoysaparsy mpoummocru. [puaraparse sHayaja MojeqMHala Kao aKTMBHOT YuecHMka y Kpempalby KyiType MpeycTapyba aHauajiy KapaktepueraKy. Y oKBMpHMa TlocripotecHe apxeonorsje KysTypa Hinje cxparata camo Kao BatrenecHa aganrarpsja Ha 2kUBOTHY cpemmiy, Beh Mpencrasma CMMIUBEHO M cReCHO my;ICKO JeMOBare. Cama ce Bepyje ja ©! Trigger 1998; 2006; Olsen 2002; Johnsen, Olsen 1992: 419-436; Johnson 1999, © Braudel 1993, © Hodder 1990, 4 Burdije 1999. © Hodder 1986; 1991. 176‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, sajeqnmme ua mpoumoct Hucy Robere McKmYUNBO %emOM 7a Mpexume 4 aGeaGere ITO BAMIe EXOHOMCKOF Yerexa ca ITO Marke YTpoulene eneprije, Hero Aa TYMavere KYNITYpe Mopa jla Mloj[pasyMeBa peKoHCTpyKUMjy BeIMKor Gpoja KyTypHocrenndurtinNx akTHBHOCTH Koje HuIcy CAMO NYKO MPOKMBTaBaTe.6 PeaTMBHCTMIKM MIPHCTYN Koj je KapaKTepucTMuAM 3a TlocTHIpolecHy uIKOAY niocrao je Beoma pacripocrparen. Jamba ce y Be BapHjartre, Kao eKCTPeMHH MHA xuneppenarusysam nonyr [enxca « Tuuja Koja cmarpajy ga je cae, na vaK 1 MOTMYNO PAsMUILBArbe, KYMTypHOCTeNMhIKO, Crora M TOTTIyHO HeoGjeKTUBHO, Wo yMepexe opMe Koja KpMTHKyje OGjeKTMBHaaM TIpOLecHHx ayTopa am He MHCMCTMpa Ja je CBaKO TYMaYelbe JOGpo Gea oGanpa of Kora MoTHYe.? Marepnjanna xynrypa y rocrmpouecnum oKsupyma cxpahera je Kao cnecrm mapaa Renonaisa. MatepujanttocTa cy, Kao M MojenMHnH Kojn cy yuectRonam y CTBapatba TpeyMeTa, Ha CIelM>vWaH HaiMH aKTUBHE VM CIYKE 8a TIPCHOLere HeKekse nopyxe. Kepammuxn mavepujan morogad je 3a oBaKaB MIpacTyn, a sagarax apxeonora jecte qa MoKyula ja Mpowxra cKpuBeny MopyKy sanucany y Marepnjannoj kyntypa.% Caegehm oBakaB MIpucryn, KepaMMuKe rMocyye MoHOBO TlocTajy Beoma MpuMaMens mpeaMer ucrpaxkupansa. HaysHMna BennKo mirepeconame TloKaayjy 9a CTHMICKe KapakTepucTUKe M WeCTO TloKyIaBajy Aa pexonctpyvy KynTypHocneymuuna aHavena Haina yxpamianama. Homenym npucrys TlorojoBao je TeopujcKoM npoSieMaTusoBaIsy NTaka MAeHTATETA y MHOFO nehoj wep. Y HoctTipolecHMM paqoBumea KojM ce TH4y cTaMGeHe apxMTeKType HM TaB. JoMahe cbepe y KiacH¥Ho} apxeonormju, cpakoqHeDHa KepaMuka sayauma Beoma sHauajHo mecro.7? CMarpa ce ga je TpaguuMonamia Kaacwuna apxeonoruja saHeMapusana KoHTeKcr qomaher 2kMBOTa, TaKO ja MOJepHM ayTopn y oBOM nipoGiemy Byye MoryhHocTH 3a Hoa TyMaveHa. OGHIHO ce, Ha OcHOBY BeoMa jeramtor McKorlaBarsa Kyha Mw KOMMMeTHOr MoKperHor Marepujana, mpenaKy TyMavelba oMaher %kMBOTa pUKOF CTaHOBHMILTBa KOjA je Jo JaHac Guo nosHaT caMo ita IMcaHHMx MaBopa. Obakas MIpveTyn Mpescrasma BeoMa saxBamHO Tome ga ‘TyMaterse KPUeBH'UKOr MaTepyjana KojM Ou, HacTaBKOM McTpaxMBata, Morao wa 66 Shanks, Tilley 1992. 67 Trigger 1998: 20-24; VanPool, VanPool 1999: 36. 8 Berg 2007: 234-252; van der Leeuw 1999: 115-137. © Gay et al. 2000; Diaz—Andreu et al. 2005; Jones 1998; Jones, GravesBrown 1996, 70 Bradley, Nevet 1999: 43-56; Nevet 1999,issn RPAH yropenn Matepyjan 1 cramGeny apxntextypy y OnuniTy, Kao TuNMUHOM rpuKoM. Tpany, ca Toqalama 13 Haceba y yHyTpatrmocrM BankatcKor nonmyoctpra, sHjH eTHMYKH cacTaB Huje TosHaT. Terabe uiopManuje o cimyHoctHma Mt pasamkama y qomahoj ccbepa vxaBora Morae Gut ga AorTyHe stiarba o pasnosHMa KOjit cy {OBEN jlo TOMMKE CHUUHOCTH Y MaTepyjamtio} KyTYpH. Cappemena mynTHaHCMMIUMMAapHa McTpakuBama Moryhu mpucrynu TyMauersy Kepammuxor Marepyjana Bulle He Mory aa ce Bexy UCKMmYYMBO 3a paamMaMTe apxeonomtke mKone. Hlavac TocToje cnenmdusna MYITHAMCIMMIAHApHa MCTpwKMBaHa MaTepujaiHe KynType, yKByuyjyhu we Kepamuky, Koja He MOry Jfa ce Has0BY apxeouOMNKUM IKOZaMA, am nOKasyiy cneymdusan reopujcku npuctyn. Hajnosnatuja mpumep curypuo jecte eTHoapxeonormja Kao crpaternja ucrpaxuparsa Koja ce apm TlocMaTparsent JAMALLIDUX sajeMHMEa Us apxeonomKor yra. Jou! jeyHa cappemena crparernja UCTPAKUBaKA Koja MoBeayje BMILIE [[PYHITBEHUX HayKa jecTe M vMayYaBaHe pasmmauTHx Bpcra uaeHTHrera. Tope ernoapxeomoruje m upentucreTa, vqeja esoayluje, Koja je uBpcro yKopemeHa Y BehUHM apxeonOMKUX neTpOKUBAIBA, ¥ caspemcHo) HayLy 1OoKABEABA HOBY TIPUMEHY ut garo sacnpxyje HoceOHO MecTO Y cBakoM TyMauersy IpoMeHa y Marepujany « KynTypu. Ernoapxeonoruja npeqcranma MymTagcyMMaMnapHo ucrpaxKuBarne Koje Tonesyje apxeonorujy u conmjanay aTporionorujy. aKo ce o6uaHo Besyje 3a npowechy napagurmy, nojapa erHorparbcKwx napanena Kao ananoraja aa TYMatlere apXEOTOMKOT MaTepujama cTapa je KONMKO M apxeomoruja Kao HayKa. Hajriosnaruja qedunninja jecte Ja erHoapxeonormja mpeacrapyba eTHOrpadcko Tipoywananse janac nocrojehux kyntypa ca apxeonomke TauKe reauTa,7L Erxoapxeonoruja Huje orparauera camo Ha jeqy Teopujcky wkony, Beh je ca PAQIMIHTHM ycrexOM IIpHMerbyly MPATIAZEMAN cBUX MpaBana y apxeonorsja 1 anrportomorujs. Hapastio, Hajpume ce peayje sa mpouecty apxeonornjy, a cn- TypHo HajnosHarajx npuMep erHoapxeonouiKor ucTpaxuBaia jecte Buxbopzos Gopapak Ha Amacuit y ymEy pemapara mycrepujerickor mpoGaema.7? Tpouecta apxeonoruja ocmarama ce Ha erHoapxeonorujy saxnanyjyhit 6urxep10- PUCTHHKOM rnegaisy Ha KyRTYpy Koje je Bcoma pacnpoctparsero y CA/I-y. TlonasHa rauka jecre cas ja y myACKOM MoHamaisy TlocTOjM BemuKM CTereH 71 David, Kramer 2001: 2. 72 Binford 1983a; 1983b.‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, cmmunoctx, 6e3 oSaupa ta BpeMeNcKM Tepwon Y KoMe ce HeKa KynTypa pasnutja. Ocnatbajyhn ce Ha IpHpoaHy cpeqMHy Kao AerepMnuMutyhu cpaktop Koja yruge Ha MYCKO MoHaMarse, Mperriocrapma ce Wa TocMaTpatse AaHannsUK sajenHMTa, Koje MBE Y CIMYHHM NpApoAKMM ycmOBMMa MW Tlocesyiy NpHOMIKHO vCTy TeXHONOrHjy MONYT KYITYpa KS TIPOUWIOCTH, MOE Ja TloKAKE Beay Uameby MatTepHjaie Kyi'Type H [pyLITBeHOr cHcTema.”3 Tlocrnpoyecta apxeomorsja ocropana onako ycrocrapmene napanene usmebhy PAagIMGMTAX KYNTYpa, Ha CaMUM TAM M eTHOApXeororHjy ¥ PYHKIMOHAMHOM 1 eMIMpweTHuKom macy. MebytuM, cappemenm MmpHcryn TyMauerby KyiType Koj MogpasyMeBa akTMBHO yuenthe MarepHjanHoctH y opmMupaly ApytiTBe- HA OMHOca YeCTO Ce, MY OKBAPKMA OBE TlapaqMIMe, TIpeysMMa M3 altrpomo- norje. Jeqan of Hajnosnarujxx mpumepa ernoapxeonormje y oKsapuma nlocTnpoljeche WiKone jecre Xojepopo ucrpaxupame y oGmactu Bapuro y Kenmjn, Koje je umamo nemmku suayaj sa dopmupame Kontexctyamne a usrepnperaTupne apxeonoruje.74 Tipescrapbenm mpuMmeph eTHoapxeonomikux vcrpwkuBatba, Mako ce He Sape KepaMuxom, HajGome mpesentyjy pasauuute puctyne y oKBMpHMa Abe UKoMe. Tlocmpoyecim ayropu ox6ayyjy Moryhocr yenocrasmaisa napanena usmeby pasmmaMTHx KyATYpa M KpUTHKyjy o6jekTHBHOCT eTHOapxeoTOMIKHX mMeTpa- 2kuBatba HlosMBajyhu ce Ha KYMTYpHY cHleuMbuuoct Mu pasmmunTe KoHTEKCTE. Mebyrum, ys cae Kputuxe He npectajy a Kopucre atportonornjy, ac o6sHpoM ja anrporionounka auiarsa KOpHicte y apxeonorujit, 11 eTHoapxeorornjy. Ca ypyre cTpare, Mporectm aytopu uicucTupajy Ha mpumermuBoctu mapanena ca JaHALIGMM KYNTypaMa M KOpHcTe casHaiba eTHoapxeonornje Kao Teopsiy cpemiser oncera y SutopqoBcKom cMucny. Jena on Mpaux ayTopa Kojn cy edunucanu T3B. Kepamunxy emuoapxeonozujy jecte K. Kpamep koja je cpeaqwHom ocamjecerax roguna oGjapnna yaHak Tod, OBMM HacnoBoM. OcHoBHa murarsa Kojum ce Kpamepona 6anuna, monyT TEXHOMOTHje, PYHKIAje, KacHMKalMje, KUBOTHOF BEKa TLOCYa, PeLMKMMparba, Toyene MOcHoOBa Ha OCHOBY poja, Mpoleca yuerwa HaUKHA NpoOMaBogtse, eTHMYMTeTa, AMCTPHGyYMje, TeXHONOMIKMX M CTMACKAX pagiMka, M abe AOMMHMpajy KepaMMTKOM eTHOAapxeoorHjom.’> Og Tor repMoyla Ma cBe Jo JaHac, 73 Trigger 2006: 399, 74 Hodder 1986; 1991. 75 Kramer 1985: 77-102; Stark 200: 179issn RPAH KepaMMuka eTHoapxeomoruja jecTe BeoMa saHMMMmMBO Tlome MeTpAKMBAIAa ca TYHo saronopHnka 1 oGjapmenMx panopa.7® Ochosiia nileja MIpHMeHe erHoapxeomornje pasBuyia ce Ha MaTepHjanncTH4KOM Ht eMIMPHCTHYKOM MIpHcTYNy MCTpaKMBaKAa YACKOr FeNoBatha BEsaHor 3a KepaMiiuke Tlocyge y oapeheHMM KIMMATCKAM YenOBMMA, KAO M OKYUIajy Aa ce rako qoGujenm mogaum mpenecy Ha craTHaHe apxeomouiKe Tparone m3 mpomnocru. Ovakas mapasMto mpouecHM mpnetyn moKasao je KonuKxo JenarHocTH pesaHMX 9a KepaMMKy MocTojM oO KOjmMa TpaquMoHania apxeonoruja uje sitama roTono MmmtTa.77 Tpoyecnu npuctyn y Kepamuuxoj erHoapxeomoruju ecto ce Hasna 4 Kkepaatwixom exonozujom. CHCTEMCKO MMMLUSEILE H Tparaibe ga NIporecuMa Kojit MEKE Y OCHOBM sby/ICKOF JeMOBArha IPUMeEHyjy ce MY TYMadery KepaMMUKHx nlocyqa. KepammKa je cxBahena kao ciiei(MjaiMs0paHM jje0 TeXHOeKOHOMCKOr TOJCHCTEMA, @ CBAKO TYMaUeHE 9aMOUMFe AHAMUsMpaEM oyHOCa Tocyja M npupose cpeamne y Hajmmpem cmmcay. Caegehu Kopax jecre yerlocrasmate Bese MaMeby Hayua Mapage ¥ OKBUPAMa TeXHOEKOMOMCKOT CHCTEMA M OCTATHX TOgcucTeMa jeqHe KyAType. Ha oBaj Ha4HH, IIpeKo KepaMhike, Moxe la ce Johe Jo ompebeHux casnarsa o cncremy Kao yemMHM.78 Cneyeh opaxas mpuctyn, mpouechn aytopx Hajpyime naxire mocnehyjy KAMMaTCKHM dakTOpuMa Koje cMaTpajy KByUNMM y yeduEucay moryhnocts Mpoapogibe. [IpuMeHom eTHoapxeomorsje yeranoBmeHo je fa y BIDKAMM 1 YMCpeHHM K/IMMATCKUM YCROBMMA, TOKOM slagHor WIM KULIMOr nepuona, Mpouspogisa Kepamuxe uuje Moryha Ges cneysjanvosannx rpahesuna sa cymerme mu ofronapajyhux mehu. Ertoapxeonomea mogarm mg wemor cpera TOBOpe Fa MpOMsBoAHa KepaMMUKMX MOCyAa TOKOM OBOr MepKosa He MecTojH, win je cBeqeHa Ha aliconyTHM MAHNMyM. Bawbyuyje ce ya BI@KHA M wagHa kauma ne dapopmsyje cnequjanmeayujy y npouspoginm Kepamuxe mouiTo Kepamuap He 6 MMa0 EKOHOMCKHX YCIOBA Ja TIPOKUBH SAMCKH TlepHoj| ako Out jeauim “ssop mprxoqa mpeqcrasmana mpomapogisa mocyaa. Yxonnko crlenujanusonata mpouspoptsa uNax MocTojM, mITo BepoBaTHo jecTe cnytaj Ha nokaMATeTAMa Tony oHor ma Kpmiepwne, mpolecHM ayTopm TaKBy nojaby ‘TYMave BeMMKHM CTETIeHOM paspoja KYATYpe y EBOAYTABHOM CMHCIY Koja OMOTY- haa npovesogny my HenoposHMM KiuMaTcKAM ycnopuMa. MetpaxnBarba oBor 76 Arnold 2000: 105-133; Arnold 1985; David, Kramer 2001; Stark 200: 991-103 7 David, Kramer 2001: 78 Arnold 1985: 12-1 193-242; Smith 2001:‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, ‘uma qonema cy Ro Mpanmetna TaGera pernorta 1 KMMMATCKHX yenona y KojsAMa je Tiponapogina Kepamuke Moryha orpaHMseHo WII TOKOM LENE Proje? Jeqatt og THIMAHAX MpuMepa MpoLecHOr MpucTyTa KojM ce GaBn crenAjanus0- BaHOM TIponsBogthom jecy m pagonu IT. Pajc.* Pajcona mojapy crettujanuaonare TpHYapeKe MpouaBostse TYMANM Ma yrna KepaMMuKe exomorwje cmeehn njeje TlocrapyeHe joul y Axanumurxo) apxeonoeujus! AytopKa cmartpa ja cnenja- avaoBatta MponsBomtsa npescrapma o71paa aPyurrBerie cermenranuje Koja HacTaje Kao Tlocneguija pasnumutor mpyectyria pecypenma y oKnupy jemtie sajeqmmne. Jipyurrbena cerMexranuija cMarpa ce MocmeAMIOM pasBoja KojM je HeKa sajeqHuye ocTBapnna y eBORYTHBHOM cMMcAY mM MOpeR cHeunjannsoBane Tponapojtise mloypaeyMeBa pasBujeny eKoHoMMjy, yPGaHMealyiy Mu cBe one oumnKe Koje Kpace upyuirsa Koja cy y mpouecy bopuparba apKapa. Osaxas npuctyn Gasupa ce Ha Bojtehem eponyyMOHHeTHIKOM rmeqMUITy Ha KyATypy LMBMTIAsalAjy TpeyseTom M3 aHTporiomornje.s? Sanummupo je Apyraunje rnegarse us yrna moctmporecne apxeonormje. Tocrnpoyecu ayropa cmarpajy ga creljujanaopana nponenogia TyMayena He yrna aqanranuja He MpyXa HuKaKBe OfToBOpe Ha MHTarha oO ApyUITBE- HO-TIOAMTHYKOM sHaverby Koje OBAKAB BAY TIpoMaBosibe ca coGOM HocH. Onakan npactyn ourpo xpuTaxyje Burcbopaosy moqeny xa Mopdhonomner m cruncKs ACHEKT KepaMMUKUX NOCyya M MHCHCTHPAa Ha sHayeMY Koje cremsjannsopana TIpomaBogiba, OAHOCHO oApeheHe Mocyqe KOjMMa YAM CBaKOAHEBHO MaHMnyIMIny, MMa y ogpebeHum sajeqHuijama. Topopu ce 0 ToMe jja 71M OBaKaB oGnuK npoxssogise omoryhapa sonouterse oapeheHMx saxmyuaka o uueHTUTeTY, npoyeaypH yuera sanara, cpoAHMYKUM OAHOCMMa Mam jApylTBeHoj c1pa- THOuKalyjK Y OKBMpY chelMpnsHe Kyntype. MocrmpojecHH ayropu cmarpajy a caMa TexHo/Orija NpoMaBoyKe MMA aKTMBHY yuOry y KOHerpyKyMja uw PeENPOAYKUMjM APYUITBEHHX oAHOca M Tpaquiuje. JakmyyaK jecte Aa Mojapa HOBMX TexHOMOrHja y HeKOj KYATYPA MOKE ja MIpe_crapHa rlocnepuNy POAMCH|CKHX, CUMGOAMUKUX, CKOHOMCKMX HIM TOA THYKUX MIpHTACaKa KojuMa je HeKo ApyurTBo 61710 HamoxKer0.83 Tpyurrsena crpatudukarija, oftocHo mocTojarse enuTe, Kao M HANH KojuMa ce cheypjansn crarye “apwxaba 4 ogpxaBa, pea HoctTpoyecHam ayTopuma 79 Arnold 1985: 61-98. 80 Rice 1981: 219-2405 1996a: 133-163; 1996b: 165-202. 81 Clarke 1971. 82 Service 1975; White 1959. 83 Berg 2007: 235; Crielaard, Stissi, van Wijngaarden 1999, 181issn RPAH Moxe Ja ce BUAM Ha OCHOBY cTetisjanuaoBane MpoMaBoAMKe cBakOAHEBHMX 4 moceOHMX KepaMMUKMX Mocyja. JeqaH OA 3aHMMbABMX IpMMepa jecTe pay Tloprmana 1 YpGana* koji nlokyulaajy ya Ae@UHMILY Kako je crletpAjanmaoBara npomssoqina Kopmuthena og crpane enue “ oGMYHOr craxoBHMUrrBa y UCTHIMY PasMYMTUX Bpcra MjenTuTeTa. MHcucTMpa ce Ha aKTMBHOM yuehy KepaMMKe Kao IMpoKO pacupoctpaseHor oGiMKa MatepujanHe KynType y LCTHAIBy Apyurrnennx crmanoctH ¥ pasnuKa, Tonasn ce om MpernocranKe o mocTojatby enMTe MK OGMYHOF cTaHOBHMINITBA, a saKbyYaK jecte ja cnelM- jaiaosana mpovapogtsa Ipenocn paamMunre NopyKe y saBncHocTH Kojo} rpynit je Hamemena, Ayropn nogpraye nogeny Ha MpoMsBoyiby 8a eMUTY HM sHAtaj KOjM rakBM apredaxra uMajy y MonMTHIKOM cMMcHY mapaxKanarma craryca c jeqHe CTpaHe, M MIpOMsBoISy Koja ce, HE CAMO TO] [MPEKTHOM KOHTPOOM enATe, passvja M Meby cupoMallHWM M HenpHBHneronAHKM YIaHOBMMa jApyuTBa. Tipuuxom opaksor nipvcTyna BenuKa Tara mocnehyje ce camOonuamy 4 Mohit Koja je pertpesenToBata y KepaMMLM, OHOCHO MatepHjalHo} KyATypU. Jlokasn o moctojamy creyujanusopane nponsnoywe Ha Kpuresnny, nopex cranpapausayuje y oGIMIMMa M cru, ToTKpenmeHM cy M Hanasom Kepammuapexe neh Ha akportonu. AytopH Koja cy ce Gasumm KepamuaKom erHoapxeonormjom cranqapanaanniy mocyga u mich onaKnor wauima xapaze, PeqOBHO TYMaye Kao JOKas o cHeyMjanusoBaHoj npomspo_K. OnaKna CKOHOMCKa AKTHBHOCT MOAPasyMena MocTojare PaqMOHMIe ca HeKOTMKO KOHCTHTHO aKTHBHMX payHAKa KojM MpOMsBore BEMMKY KOMMIMHY KepamKe TOKOM lene ToqMHe. MacopHa TIpomspojma HaMereHa TpxMUITyY Moryha je jequuo ako noctoje KBantrerHe KepanmeuapeKe neha « mpocropsije 8a mpunpemy u cymere rane > Teopuja esoayunje npencranma jean oj Hajcrapyjax reopyjcKux mpapara y aHtpononorvjn m apxeonoruja. Mako je upuMervBaka y oKBMpY cBux apxeonourkHx npapatya, jarac ce Hajuune Besyje sa CAJI u mpanye mponcrexae ua Mportecte apxeomoruje. Y ony rpymy cmagajy esonymusna exonozuja, Guxesuopucmurxa apxeonoeuja vw Heodapeunusam. EBOnyTHBHa ekonorija Haj6nwxa je usBopHoj mpoyecHoj umKona. Basnpa ce Ha omHocy myAcKHx sajeqrMna uw MIpApoAHe cpemuHe y KOMe cpepuHa uma opayayjyhy ynory. BuxennopnetuaKa apxeonoruja peayje ce 3a M. Iludepa, a ocronnm mpeamer MCTPAKMBaKA jecTe ORHOC HYACKOr ToHalllatha M MaTepujanHe KyNType y CBM. Tepwoquma u Ha cBMM MecTuMa. Iw Hije joHomere reepamHux saKmyqaKa oO 84 Schortman, Urban 2004: 185-226. 85 Arnold 1985; Arnold 2000; 105-133; Kramer 1985; 77-1025 Rice 1981: 219-240. 182‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, Kymtypu, neh oGjammerse Koja Bpcra monamama je ocranuna cnenuuunte apxeosomike Tparope. J[apBHHMeTHUKa apxeosorHja, Koja IpAMeHOM HaBOpRUX Dappunosux uacja noxyuaga ya oGjacHa npomexe y Kyntypy, mpegcrapma apehu capemens eonyuonmctumkn npuctyn.§6 Jeqax oq Hajpehux Jonpunoca Tpocpermtemcrpa jecre casHare o Tporpecy eDOTyLIMjA Kao KYYHUM MPolechMa Koj yTAYY Ha yACKO ApyuTBO. Hajtio- sHaTHja NMIHOCT BesaHa sa oBaj Mpanay y MpupogHMM HayKama jecre 4. Japan? xojn je ocropne ugeje popmynucao y uynerom geny Hocmanax apema 1859, rogue. HesapvcHo of MpHpoyHMX Hayka eBonyIMoHMeTHNKA ‘yeja nojaswia ce My APYUITBCHMM HayKama. Y aHrporionoruju eBonyyMoRMCTIIKO TyMavere KyNTYpe TocrojM jour of couMeeBomyHMOHMCTa ¢ Kpaja XIX BeKa nonyt Mopraxa, Tejnopa, Crencepa, anm a nosHatux antpontonora XX BeKa nonyt Cepsuca, Bajra m apyrnx.88 EBonylpMOnMCTHIKK MpHctynM TyMateHy Ky”Type Aatac cy, Ha cHerpebuTat naumn, dopmymucan™ y HoRoj JappunucTHIKo} apxeomoruju. EnporicKa Bapyjanra OBE IKON HasMBa Ce KYATYPHAM CeueKIIMOHMMOM, a OCHOBHA KapakTepuicTuKa jecTe oAcTyname of ajanrartija, ReTepMuriusma cpequte, Kao m nyeje Mporpece KAO TaMaPKACTMUKHX TIpHCTYna Hacynpor KojuxX ce MeTHMAy HacyMMIHe MHOBANe Koje, MpouecoM cenexuuje ¥ AAPSMHMCTHMKOM cMMcRy, oncrajy wan nedunntupio opymupy.S Jlatamisa esoayymonners4Ka apxeomoruja saciipa ce Ha nein aa cy apredaxra jeo myackor bentotuma. Osakan mipuctym, sa pasnmKy of BMX TIpeTXoAHUE, TwKiby Tlocsehyje enonyunjm moceGHux KynTypHMX cbeHoMera, a He Ky”Type yormmre. 3a pasmuKy of Mporfectie apxeonorije, Moqeprin enonyrmonMcTH Bepyiy wa MavepvijaniHa KyTypa jecte akKTMBHM yYeCHMK y Mpouecy agarirarpsje. AxtusHo yuewhe marepnjanie KyrType BUEN ce y BenMKOM Opojy Bapyjauuja Koje mpeycrasmajy pasmumunra pemersa mpo6mema ca KojaMa cy ce, TOKOM Hpotjeca aganrarje, NojeqMHNH M ApyUITBO Kao Henna cycpeTanu. Bapwjannje Y MaTepMjaiHoj KYATYDM, ¥ 2aBKicHOCTH Of Tora jla IIH Cy KOPHCHE HAH He, OBOE Ao pasmmKa y ycreltHocTH penpogyKuMje myaM Kojm mpomspoge “ Kopucte TipegMeTe, a CaMMM THM M PeNtPOAYKUAjM MaTepHjamie KYATYpE TOKOM HapeAHHX rewepaaja.2? 86 Hegmon 2003; 213-243; Schiffer 1996: 643-662. 87 Darvin 1985. 88 Hae 1979; Renfrew, Bahn 2004; Trigger 2006: 166-207. 89 Cullen 2000; Shenan 2002. 90 O’Brian, Lyman 2000: 7.issn RPAH JappuauctuiKn mpuctyn y TyMaNery KepaM“uKHUx Nocyqa Hasupa ce meopujox Kepamurke eeomyyuje. JacHABa ce Ha MejM Ja apxeomoruja, Kao HayKa Koja ce 6aBM BPeMeHOM, Mopa fla ce ycpeycpeqM Ha oGjalNaBathe KOHCTAaHTHAX MpoMena BYJYLMBUX Kako y KepaMMLM, TaKO « y CBAM ApyrHM oGmuTaMa Marepujaie KynType. Vaysanamy KepammKe, Kao IMpoKo pacripoctparsenor oGiuKa Marepujanie xyntype ca Benuxum Gpojem sapujayuja y cruay 1 bopmawa, nako Moke jla ce MpucTYNM 3 yrna HapBMUMcTAIKE apxeomoruje. Teopwja KepammuKe eponynnje HerMpa Moctojame jeceHuMjanHMx KapaKre- pwcruKa Tlocysa’, ,TuNOBA’, WIM ,K7aca* mM cBY TlakHy Mocrehyje Mepemy pagina y OGAMKY M HauMHy YkpaulaBatsa Koje cMaTpa MOCTEMUOM eBOTYLUMie Y MSBOPHOM jlapBHHUCTHKOM cMucay.9 Tlpomene y o6imKy mocyga Mory ga ce TyMave Kao jacaH TIpMMep mporeca eBomyuMje TOKOM TpeHourerka sHarba Ha Mmahe Hapaurraje. AHrponomouika UCTPMKUBAILA MIPYKMAA Cy NYHO MoJaTaka O yuerby TexHomoruje m HauMHa mponspogise.2 Tlosnato je qa ce y Behn cnysajena mosHaTux M3 eTH0- apXeovOrHje, Ca MAHUMAIHM OJCTYTAHMMa, SHaHbe OGMYHO TIpeHocn ca ora Ha cHHa, OAHOCHO ca Majxe Ha hepxy. Torono yBex, onaj Ko aHate MpeHtoch jecte crapujn of norenuujantor yaenuKa m mpwmaqa cto) poauoj rpynu. ¥ UAcATHMM YenonuMa yoeruK 6M MIpeysco cBa starha om yaurema Hm KyNTYprra rpaamunja 64 Guma npenera Ha HoBe reHepayuje y HeusmereHoj dopmn. Mebyru, Kkaxo je mlosnaro, 0 mpomena vrrak jonasx. Fpomene ce, 13 yrna HeOJapBMHMCTHUKe apxeomornje, TYMaue Kao HacyMMaHE MyTaruge Koje OnBajy HOABPrHyte NpoLecy ceneKyMje Y JapSMHMCTAYKOM cMMciy. Opakas TIpKeryr YMHOTOMe OACTYHIa of OpuTHHATIMA yyLeja HOBE apxeonornje. [IpucTyH KojH je KOpMcruia HOBa apxeonoruja, a MECMCTMpa Ha MpoMeHama y MpupoAHO} CPeAMHM Koje AMPeKTHO YTHYY Ha CTBapawe MYACKHX peaKiyija, OAHOCHO paspoja Moara, JlaHac ce He Besyje sa JAapBMHMCTMYKM Beh MamapKMcTM4KUE upuctyn, Y cayyajy HeoapsunucTHuxe apxeonoruje yruuaj cpeanne nocTojn, aiv camo Kao MexaHuaam ceneKipsje Beh nocrojehux MoxjaHHx Kananyrera. Hacymmune npomene wan Mytayyje npeacrapmajy Hesasucny “ YecTy HecBECHY nojasy sj oncTaHaK y OKBMPUMa Hexe sajeqHUUe MaMeby ocramor saBKcH Hof, mpupope cpequne.% Ochoa KapakTepwcTHKa MOjepHUX eBomyMonMcTHUKMX Tpuctyma y apxeonorujx jecte oGjaunbapaike Mexanusama Koji cmoje usa rpomena y 91 Neff 1993: 26-27. 92. Schiffer, Skibo 1987: 595-622. °° Shenan 2002: 36; Cullen 2000. 184‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, Matepujanioj KynTYpH, Kao M Mauna Ha Koju ce KyAMYpHU ouxajiu NpeHoce. Saxpamyjyhn avamornjama ca OfO7mIKMM MpoL{ecom HacmebuBarba, Bapijaritje y Marepujanoj KyITypM YecTo ce oGjaummasajy A MpoLecom KorIMparba rpeliKe. Have, rokom rmporjeca yaersa qonasn qo HacyMarHHMKX uw HeCBeCHHX rpemaka y TIpeHOMlemy sHarba o HauMHy Mapaye mpe_Mera. TIpomere ¢ BpeMeHoM rlocTajy cBe uapexexuje 1 wmiabe mpemmere, pabexe y ucroj xymtypHo} tpayauysjn, ce Buule yaamasajy og rpaquynonanunx ysopa. Osa mojasa, m3 yrna Heo- JAPBMHMCTHUKE apxeonornje, He NpercTabya oNCTYMAawe O TpAAMLMje, HMTA cBecTaH YH TojeqMHia, Beh jecTe HEMMHOBHA Npolec KOM yTH4e Ha CBaKO npenomere sHaia, Ca apyre crpatie, nosHaro je ga nocroje a mpomene y Marepujano} KyATypHt Koje jecy NocnesMIa HeKOr CBECHOr UMHA TlojeqMHala 13 npommocra. Opakbe TipoMene Hasmpajy ce MHoBanMjama um orkpuhuna, C BPEMEHOM, aKO ce MOKAKE ja Cy KOPMCHK HW NpakTHYH, HoOBH oGAMIM Matepujanie KynType moctajy ycramen Hau Hapaze ¥ OKBMpMMa jeqHe rpyme. Hoporicactane nioparyje © BpeMeHOM MIponlase Kpos MCTH MIporec HacyMusHOr KonMpatba rpewixe.9! Y oxeupuma Kamenone reopuje kyntypanx Bupyca, KepammuKe mocyse, Kao Ht ocramm oGamtye Marepyjamie xyntype, nopeye ce ca upycuma. Bupycu Kao HeFoBoMmHo pasBijenm opranuamnt KojM He Mory qa ce pasMroxapajy bes qomahuna y Kome napasuTupajy, Mory ja MocryxKe Kao aHanormja sa Haw Tpoussoqwe KepamMuKux mocyya. Onaj mpanary noKyuana ja nomupa ACTePMMUMCTHIKE A peAaTHBUCTHUKe NIpPHCTYNe KOjM MaTepHjanny KynTypy TyMaye Kao JMpeKTY MOCMeEAMY aganrannje WIM Kao akTHBHE yyecuMKe y aeunuciy Heke KyaType. Teopuja kyaTypHmx Bupyca GaBn ce penpogyKuMjom Mavepwjanhe Ky/Type ca CBAM SHayeHsMMa Koja oHa HocM mo yrneqy Ha NOCTHIpouecHM TIpKeTyn ¢ jeqHe cTpave, amM MOKYUABa ja, sHarAMA Oo MeXaHHaMMMa ceneKiusje, mpepasuhe penaraucruxn npaeryn uw rlonyyM KOHKpetHe ofroBope. HeogapsunucTu4x mpuctyn, 9a pagiMKy og mpouecHe IIKONe, Kayja ToROpA Oo KepamMrM He MHCHCTHpa Ha caMMHOcTMMa Beh Ha pasauxama. Pasauxe y Marepujainoj xyntypx omoryhasajy ga ce mpoSnemy npuctynu va yrna nojeqnuya urro Huje Guo cayyaj y oKBMpuMa mporecHe kore: Jom jemto, Janac BeoMa pacnpoctpatserto, Tome ucTpaxupatha jecte muTare udenmumema. Ujentutet, Kao peilaTABHO HOBa TeMa y JPyUITBeEHAM HayKama, 94 rkens, Lipo 2005: 316-334, 5 Guillen 2000: 212-218,issn RPAH Besa je 9a MojepHy AeKOHCTpyKUMjy Tpaynponamtor TyMauerba myACKOr Apyuirpa. Tonasia Tavka jecre miperiioctapka 0 Hy/CKO) MEAMBMAYaNHOCTH 1 caMocTanHocTH, Kao m ogSaunBarse CBUX BpcTa AeTepMUHNEAMA. Hajuemthe ce nog vqertHTeTom moqpasymena ocehaj mpunraqnocrut Kojum ocoba ce6e jedunuile y ofHocy ca HeKOM ApyroM MHJMBMAYOM MM rpynom. Mjenturer Moxe ja ce jecMHMine M Ma yria rpyne Koja WHAMBMAyy cBpcrapa y ogpebeny xareropujy. Mnrepaxymja nojequuna a apyurrsa cyurrmucKm Fedurmme mann wgentuter.% Turara ugentutera mopesana cy nehuny Apyurrpenwx HayKa Tako ga je jeqHo y cyMITHAM coNMonOMNKO MmuTare, MPOMCTeKAG M3 MOZeDHMX APYLITBCHO—MOAMTHIKUX OKOMHOCTA, MIpepacno y akTyeiHy TeMy CBMX pyIITBEHAX HayKa.”7 Y janaumse speme qoctynue cy MHore nySmKanje koje ce ujenTHTeTOM Cape Me apxeonoukor yraa, Hocroju sue spera ugenturera Koje cBaKa oco6a tlocenyje ut uctiomasa y chen usnuM curyanpjama. Y Kuk wirrepeconara cy pomnn, cTapocim, crarycnm, eTHITTKHE H penurHfjcKM, Maya ce OOO cMaTpa Aa Hx MMA muHoro Bune. [Ipermoctapyba ce ja opehene akTMBHOCTA BM;YbMBe y MaTe- pujantioj kyntypx Mory fa cReqoue o MjeHTHTeTHMA M3 MporITocTH.%s “Tpanvapronanno, Kaga ce ronopuo o KepaMunyi, Hajsume ce mcano o eTHMIKOM ujexturery. Moke Ja ce KWKE Ja JAHAlINe CaBybeibe HeHTATETHMA Ha HEX HANH HPOMCTHYE Wa IUMTaHba eTHMLYETeTA M HANWOHAMMIMA KojM KopeHe UMajy jou y XVIII u XIX pexy 1 mpoyecy crpapaia nayssja um MogepHix gprkana.’ Mako ce qaniac makina pumme yemepana Ha Apyre BpcTe ujenTuTeTa, eTHUIKK wjenrurer uuje sanemapent. ButHo je ya ce ucrakHe ya ce nurarsa eTHMuKor ujenturera qanac Toctapmajy Ha Apyraunju naumn. KyatypHometopujcm w TIpOLeCHM apxeonosM Hcy MpAXBaTANA sHayaj) MojeqMHa Kao aKTBHor yuecuxa, veh ce BepoBaio y aHayaj rpyue Kao gerepmaxwuyher daxropa. Tlocrnpoyecha ayropu cmarpajy ja nojesMHn Hcy camo qenoBu rpyme, Beh 4 AKTHBHM WAHMOUM KOjM MebyCOGHOM HHTEPAKLIAJOM, Kao M HHTepaKIUAjoM ca ApyruM sajenuMuama, opMymMIny erHnaKH MgeHTHTET. TaKobe ce emaTpa Aa ocehaj npunaquoctn rpynn ue npexcranba HeNpoMeibupy KoucTanTy, Beh pa je nognoxan cranium Mojuduxarysjama,!0 96 Diaz—Andreu, Lucy 2005: 1-2. 97 Gay et al 2000, °8 Diaz-Andreu et al 2005. 98 Kohl 1998. 100 Jones 1998; Lucy 2005. 186‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, Kyatyprovcropujcxa apxeonormja sacmpxta je 3a mpno Tpano Redsrmcare eTHHaKor ugexTuTa. KynTypHM jeTepMHHMgaM, Kao CXBaTare Ja Hope BpeqHOCTM Heke 3ajeqHMje AMpPeKTHO yripaBsbajy NoHallawem MojeqMHia, woneno je Ao Tora ja ce ycranm Reponame ya pasmuuura Matepyjanna KymTypa SHY PasIMYUTE HOPMe, OAHOCHO PasiMeMTe 'pylle YAM KOjA cy %KUBENK 110 ‘uM Hopmama.!! Opaknu cranosy crnopumm cy Hayyny ocHony sa nipaheme ompehermx kyztypa, oftocrio napoma ayoxo y mpaucropxiy. TIpouecut apxeonosm, Gapem y parioj dbasn Kojom je somunupao JI. Butrbopa, saHlemapMBarn cy TIMTaba THMUKOT MCHTHTETA M CBY N@kIby oceehupamn cy eKOHOMCKMM O/HOCMMA, CTPaTernjama MpeEkMBIaBarba K PYLITBY KAO cHCTEMY. Osa Mikosa o_GalMna je MajeqHavaparba apXxeonOlIKe KynType WM eTHHGKe cxynune. Ma ror pasnora Bucy ce HK GaBMAM eTHYYKMM HaeHTHTETOM KOjK cy cMarpaia jeqHoM og KyatypHoucropujcxux gormm xKojy 6% rpeano onGayrn.102 Osaxan rapa crab u Gexaie of KyATYpe y APYULTBEHOM cMHCTY Kactje je yOnaxex. MHOrM ayTopm Koj cy y HeKOM mlepvoay MayuHor papa Gwin saroBopHMys NPOYSCHMX oGjamiberba Capa HMAK TOBOpe O ETHAIKOM MjeHTUTETY M TO Ha MpHAMaHo TpaqnMonanan HauuH.!°3 Hapapio, He ronopu ce o HapogMMa y jaHallbeM cMMcATy pes mM MHOro onpesHuje ce npeqiwxy TyMauerba, ann Ce HOTeHUMpa Ha HeXoj BPCTH GnucKoCTH Koje cy rpyne myAK Ms mpoumocra yuyrap ce6e nocegopane. OcHosua KapakrepuctuKa cBakor MIpolechor MAM eROMYTMONMCTHIKOT rneara Ha eTHUMTKM MAeHTHTET jecTe Aa je Of HaMeTHYT HeKaKBUM cHo/ballIHM dakTOPUMA H Ja Ce TeLIKO Mera. SHaXaj nlojequitiia © KOM Ce TORMKO TOBOPU y HOCTHpoUec HMM KPyFOBUMA, 3a NPOYeCHe ayTope nusje Omo Began nase. Vaysanae mjeHTarera rlocrano je BeoMa pacrpoctparbeHe TeK H@KOH Tlojape nlocTnpoljecHe apxeonoruje. Moxke ja ce Karke ja je Gapyberbe ujeHTUTeETOM y janauniwem cmucry nocneguIa TocTMoRepHX CrapoBa. Caja ce erHMaKKOM, Kao M MHOTUM APyTuM MjeHTHTETHMA, NpucTYTIa Ha Apyraunju Hau. Kaga numy o eTHAYKOM MJCHTATETY, MOEPHM ayTOPA YINABHOM roBOpe oO jBe BeOMa TloBesaHe Henne. C jeqHe CTpake TOBOPK Ce O TOAMTAYKUM KOHOTALIMjama Koje 9Hakba 0 CONNCTBEHO) MpOLOCTH MOrY jla MMajy Ha CaBpeMeHe Hapose, aca Apyre 103, Wells 1998; Renfrew 1987; Bellwood 2005.issn RPAH ce Mpencrmryjy anata o erHUyMTeTY y Mpommocta. Cmatpa ce fa cy one Teme TONMKO NoBesaHe Ja MX Hje Moryhe pasaBajaTHte4 Tosxar je mpumep xopumhersa epponckux Kenra y capxy opmupara HalonanHor ugentarera. Hexu MogepHu aytopm cmarpajy ya je KenrcKa HpoUNOCT, M apxeoMOrHja Kao HayKa Koja TAkBY MpoUWIOcT TYMaUM, JOBE jo miporeca Tperpapaka ,cebaka y Ppaniyse™. PpannycKa pprxapa XIX Beka noceGHo je MHCMCTMpana Ha MOBesHBary ca TPaLMOHANHMM CraHoBHMUAMA Tanuje. Y nepwony opmupara naynja Gyno je nompedHo ya ce marpanH MojepHM eTHMUKM ujeHTHTET. Onpangatse je Han@xKeHo y MocTojamy Janexnx mpefaka. PpanyycKko mpocBeTuTemcrBo Bugeno je Mpaysop y ypehenom PuMcKOM HapcTBY M moKanHoM GyHTOBHUIKOM cTaHosHMurTRy Tamuje.!05 Crna mpnHnan Kopuete ce w qaHac y Bpeme dopMuparmwa MmogepHor epporickor ugexrurera. Y qavaunbem cayyajy mpancropujcxn Kenta Koj cy Hacemanann BenMKH Jeo eBPOTICKOr KOHTMHEHTa KOpHCTE ce ja Ojasajy AanammDe HonuTuaKxo sajeruumrpo Espormata.% Vera mpumepm moctoje sa nehuny esporcKux HarHja. 3uayaj apxeonoraje Kao HomTuEKe JemaTHOCTH BeoMa je 6urax y nlocrnpolecHum Kpyropmma.!7 © oGsnpom Ha riosHare MomMTMNKe KoHOTaNHje Koje je Ganmerse eTHHIKAM WJeHTHTETOM y 3araHoj EBponM MMamo, saHMMbMBO je Ya ce npemcTann HicTopHjar OcHOBHUX Mjleja © TYMaYeHy eTHAUKE NpuniajHocTH CraHoBHMUITBA Hacerba y KojaMa je KoHCTaTOBaHa cuba Kepamuka pabexa Ha Buray. [lonmta4Kn MIpouech Besa 9a crBapame HayMja, MOA Apyra4njum oKomHOcTAMa, HMCy 2a06MILNIM HM BalKaHCKO TlOAYOCTPBO TaKO jla apxeomIOrHja Ht Y OBOM calywajy MMA aarkeHo MecTo. AyTopH KojA cy ce GaBmi KepaMMKOM, TonyT oHe ca Kpmesuue, Tpyaunn cy ce ga oupene eTHMYKy mpxnagHocr craHOBHMUITBa, a Tionybena TyMaversa vecTo cy Kopmulthera y TlomuTH4Ke cBpxe. Jo jjaHac ce MgqBOjMIO HEKONMKO pasnMuMTHx TyMayera. Ayropu us BJP Maxegoxnje o6ui0 cHBy Kepamuky paheny Ha satay cMa@tpajy meoncKom,!3 am MakejoncKom.! Byrapekn neTpwkUBATM MoKaMMTeT y Kpmennin, kao w MHore pyre Koj ce Haase Ha TepHropyja ByrapcKe, carpajy Tpasknm.? Toanaro je 104 Jones 1998; Lucy 2005. 105 Kohl 1998: 228. 106 Jones, Graves-Brova 1996: 15. 107. Shanks, Tilley 1992. 108 CoxonozcKa 1986; 1992, 109 Murxpenaiat 2001; 2005; Byerpaxona-I[posnanova 1987; Pposganon 1996, 10 Tlomon 2002: 142-149; Yaxropa 1981; Bozkova, Delev 2002; UstKopa 1984, 188‘TEOPHICKO-METOJJONOMIKH IPOBAEMH TYMAMEELA KEPAMHROT MATEPHTAIA, i tyMaueie Hacesa [lucrupoc Kao rpuKe Tprogauxe Konoumje!! [opeg nome- HyTAX MHUMerba, pebe ce jabma TYMaeHe CUBE KepammKe y OKBUpy eTHoTeHese Tapaanana.!!2 Cpa nomenyra craxopymra rosnaye 3a co6om o”pehene nommrmuKe cTanone. Hajourrpyja peropuka pesyje ce 9a aGanicKe apxeonore Koja mHcnermpajy Ha WIMpcKOM Tlopekny flapqaHatja Koje omer TyMaye Kao JMpekTHe MperKe anaunonx KocoscKux AnGanaya.l3 Tosnaro je u KonMKO crropersa mocToj usmeby [puxe u BJP Maxeqonnje oxo mpana wa Kopummherme wmera.!4 Hajsehu gonpunoc MoqepHom Tymavemy erHuynrera jecre cBecr 0 NOmMTHUKUM TocneqMlamMa TYMaverba eTHMLTeTa, Kao M OAGallMBarbe yHarIpey| saljprannx craBopa HCTpaxuBaya o rpyriaMa M3 TIpomumocrit. Caja ce, Gapem y KPyroBuMa Koju cy yllosHarM ca cryaMjama mjeHTuTera, o/aKo He gajy eTHMUKa TyMaveHa. AyTopu rocrapmajy nurarsa Kako ce rpaqu MpeHTHTeT, KAKO ce TIpeHOcH H a nH ofictaje TOKOM jyKer HM9a FORK. UMMM ce ja je aajeqHMuKo 3a CraHOBHUKe HeNOMyNHe TepuTOpHje Ha Kojoj ce jabha oBakaB Mavepujan mpe cBera cmaHdapdusayuja y mponspogKn UMUMauuja CPYKOL HauMHa %KMBOTA Koja ce HE Ornega CAMO Y KepaMMuKUM dopmama, seh ny Behunve apyrux oGmnKa Matepujane xyatype. Jocaantne ompehumame ernmuKe nputiaaNocri craioBnumrsa oapmeHo je Ha oCHOBy ‘TyMayera TIMCAHMX MeBopa M MperiocraByeHor MlosHapara TepHTOpHIa Koje cy naneoGankaHcka neMeHa saysuMaza. ETHM4Ko onpegemerse cuBe KepamuKe sacHonanto je 1 Ha opebenmm cnmunocrama y HauMHy Mapage, OOMMUMMA H Goji. Ca apyre crpane, qeTamuujum mpernefom oGjasmenor Matepujana Buqe ce pasiuke Koje MOTY fla cBeqove oO TocTojamy oKanHAXx paqMonMua y BehMHM Haceba oBOr HIepnoga. Y caMom Matepyjany He BUY ce pacrpocrparseHocT niocya jeane pagnommye na orpommun Tepuropmjama. Tevara y o6nuxy rpaKux cnosa uinu durypannux cuena, Koj HajseponarHuje cenowe o osHakama paqMOHMua, yrAcKyTH cy y KepaMuky Koja je TIpeHanwkena Ha AOKAMMTeTHMA Ha Kojuma je BepoparHo 4 mpomasobexa. Os6wena cryauia Koja 6u, mpumeHom ersakTHx MaHuKo-XeMMjcKuX aHamuga, ycraHxOBMa Tlopexmo cMpoBuHa, a caMMM THM Mf enentyamHe qoKase o TprobavKHM axTHBHOCTHMa MaMehy oBaKBHX Hacema, Huje ypabera. I[perneqom oGjapiene Kepamuxe Beher Gpoja yraphenux 111 Bouzek, Domaradski, Archibald 1996; 2002. 112 Shukriu 1989; Srejovie 1973: 39-82, 113 Shukriu 2003. 14 Jones, Grayes-Brovn 1996: 3.issn RPAH Hacemba y IIMpeM permony BUAM ce fa KepaMUTapH, Mako cy oAMUIHO MMMTUpANHK rpuke Tocyye, HUCY NpaBvaiM WjeHTH Ine BapujanTe xuApuja, cKMoca wm Guo Kor rpukor oGiuka Ha yenoj TepuToputjH Kojo JOMMHMpa cuBa KepamuKa, urTO Moke fa CBEAONM O SHaYajy KojM je paqMoHMya cBaKOr Hacerba MMaira. CIMGHM TIpolech craHyapaMaalje KepaMMuKor MaTepujaia, ys oqropapajyhe NOKayiHe PasiMKe, KOHCTaTOBaHM Cy Ha OnM~™yMaMa Mnmaher rposyenor joba yentpame Espone. Uy opom cnyyajy qoKasano je moctojase noxannx paqMonune BeaaHHx sa chaku onMAYM. JlaTeHcKa KepaMmka “3 BpeMerta onMAYMa saygnMa OrpoMay TepuTopujy M cBperana je y vcTy KyMTypHy M xpoHonoMKy KaTeropyjy, ann cy BMWbUBE MK jacHe pagauKe BesaHe 8a CBaKM onMAyM nojeqmmaune, Opa nojana nocnyxuta je Tl. Bercy ga ernnuxn mgentwter CT@HOBHUKa OMEYMa HOCMATpa Us HPOLecHOr M eBOAYYMOKMCTHEKOr yrna. Have, ayrop nomasm of mpermocranke ja jacha erHuuka mpuraquocr HeKe sajesHMle Moxke ja ce OTKPHje y Marepujary camo y cnyuajesnma ronyT PamcKor wapersa rye je vepaya KepaMHke cKopo TlormyHo yjequavena. Y cryvajesama Kaya paqmonnue cHaGaezajy jeqtio Haceme 1 okonuny, Benc uctuse npecyaHn sHataj noKanHor ocehaja mprnaqHocTn jeqanom ommjymy want jeHom Hacemy.15 Mebyrum, pehuria jaarussx ayropa Kojst ce Cape crasyapaMaalyijom M 110}aB0Mm gaHara ue yria usyyapaina uyentarerallé He 6m ce coun ca BencoBam npuctynom. Taman nocmpoyecnx uerpaxupay Morao 6 qa ToKyUIa Aa OPOBOpH Ha MMTakba O MACHTHTeTY TpHTapa, sHaTeEHMMa KOje CMBa KepaMiika HMa y oxeupy ogroBapajyher Haceyba M pasioauma 9a MocTojaibe Hlocy ja paheHux 110 TPuKOM ysopy, aM He Gu HoHOCMO reHepamHe eaxByuKe aa Yeny TepHTopujy. ¥ opaksu cryqujama nojequnany uma rnapiy yaory. Saxmyuax Y paay cy ripescras enn caspeMenit TeopujckH M MeTO;ONOMIKH TIPUCTYTA KojM HMcy AOBOmHO TosHarH y apxeonorujn y CpSujr, a uMpoxo ce npumeryiy y saraqrioj Esponm CAJl-y. Cam momenyr mpanni Mory ma ce mpumerte IIpHAMKOM TYMaNetba KepaMMUKOr MaTepiijail ca sloKnMrera y Kpurepxiyn. KyntypHoncropujeku npierynt, Koj je HajOome roaHar apxeosontkoj jaBHocrH y Cp6xjn, More qa Jonpunece TyMavery Hacema y Kpuresmuyn ycrrocrapmarsemt jacHe XpoHOMOMIKe 1 TepHTOpHjamHe MIpercrabe o HacebHMa OBOT TAMIA, KAO HO 115 Wells 1998: 232-298. 116 Berg 2007: 234-252; van der Leeuw 1999: 115-137. 190‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. KapakTepucTHaiom KepaM“uKoM Matepujany. Jlo qarac Huje MosHaTa HM jeqat nyGnukalluja Koja Ha KYNTYpPHOMCTOPHICKOr yraa TIpes{CTABIba T3B. PAHOAHTHUKY cupy xepanmxy pahenty Ha BUTAY, “IM pyKOM, Ha KOMILIeTHO} TepuTopmja rae cy opakeyt Hamas KOHCTaToBAHI. TlpoiechM npuctyn Morac 6M ya JOnpmHece KBanMTeTHO} CMCTeMaTMsalMjA A KBaHTHUKALpj4 BeNMKe KONMUMHE MaTepyjana Mm ycnocraBmary HayURUX 1 miro ofjexTHBHMjAx mpucryma mpo6nemy. [Ipoyecim mpucryn, cnexehu seh TosHaTa TYMaYeHba KOHTaKkaTa sajeqHMa rBosqeHor qoGa mM MeqnTepancKor cBera, JONpMHeo 6M M pasyMeBalby €KOHOMCKMX YCNOBa, TPrOBMHe Mf Besa Haceyba us ynyTpammoctx BankarcKor nonyocrppa ca 'puxom 1 mporeca Koj croje usa ‘TaKBHX aKTHBHOCTH. Tlocriponecka apxeonorvja Moria Gu ja JOMpuHece TYMa4erby JPYUITBeEHMX oMHOGA Y OKBUpy NOMeHYTUX Hacemba Ma YI71a MOjeAMHLa Kao aKTHBHOT yuecHAKa Y APYuITBeHUM oAHocuMa. IIurarse uAeHTHTETA Koje je IMpoKo pacrpoctpamexo Y OKBApMMa oBe LIKoIe Mormo GM ja TIPKOWOKA MaTepHjanAy KynTypy us MPOUMOCTH, Kao Mspas MJCHTMTeTAa CraHOBRVIITBA Hacema LOMeHYyTe KaTero- pije, LIMpoj akajemcKo} jasHocrH y Kojoj je oBa Tema Beoma pacripocrparbena. Hajpehu nomak y TyMavelsy KepaMauKor MarepHjaia jjoHema je eTHoapxeonoryja © Kojoj tocrojm Beoma 6pojita m pasHoBpcHa mMTeparypa y cBery. Osaj noTnyxo gaHemapeHM TeopujcK mpuctyn Morao 6m ya pasjacHa HauMne mpomsBosie, YllorpeGe, HoTpoMise H oRGalHBatba, KAO M sHavetbe crlenAPAsHE MaTepHjaHe kymtype ca noxaamtera y Kpurepniy, 191avs. aA ‘ennsemdyy ~ auey Arormumoy va eue{udaren Joxnmueden ss0neatudtsee eMueArHatOd]] | VEY Boje Canps ‘OSpane nonpaame Teo nomena Color Pabrle Surface treatment Section of thesite | Yayo wpaema | =pea | ona Gaus [epee | apyGa | weodpabenn | orasaim [axponona | nonepabe | Total wea brown | gray. fine | medium | course _| untreated scroy suburbtare Guexe | 2500 | 1400 | 1isa00 | 3700 | 127100 [27.00 Tinz.00 | 219.00 | 261.00 | 107400 | 133500 Bowls 3%, 11% 865% 3% 9596 2%, od 16% 2056 8056 35.7% Tamaya | 10.00 | 20.00 | 1600 | 800 | 143.00 72.00 119.00 32.00 | 21.00 732.00 | 153.00 Plates 7% 10% 79% 5% 436 19% 7956 21% 14% 2696 4.05%, Cenboor | 400) 13.00 | 9400] 3.00 | 109.00 100" 104.06 3.00} 18.00 35.00 | 113.00 Skyphot | 4% 12% 86 3% 6% 196 2% 296 16% 1% 3.02% Kawrapocx | 0.00 | 400 72000 | 5.00 | 19.00 1.00" 78.00 300} 10.00 15.00 2500 Kantharol | 0% 17% 3% | 20% 76% 4% 78% 2% 40% ow 0.67% ‘uapme | 45.00 | 4600 | 25200 | 200 | 335.00 | 3000 Sn1.00 36.00 | 70.00 | a77.00 | 347.00 Hydriae | 13 | 13% 74%. 16 96% 3% 056 10% 2056 30% 9.28% ‘Kpusx | 500] a200 | 5900 | «00 | 73.00 ‘a0 ‘68.00 16.00} 29.00 50.007 7900 Tog 7% 16% 7% 3% 9596 0% 8056 20% 3736 6356 2.21% “Axcdope 7.00 | 189.00 ‘0.00 188.00 0.00 "300 188.00 | 19600 Amphorae 4% 963% 0%, 100% om 6 9535 5.2886 Tero | 10000 | 5400 | 5700 | 000 | 97.00 | 11500 "208.00 400 | 99.00 | 158.00 | 21200 Picboi | ae | 26% 27% om 6% 50% 989% 2% 2856 Pe 5.67% Tiana | 97.00 | 671.00 ] 259.00 | 0.00 | 155.00 | 885.00 1012.00 75.00 [401.00 | «39.00 Pyrow! 1040.00 Handmade 0% 15% 5% 97% am 39% om | 27816 ‘pots 9%, 5556 2596 Timenje | 8.00 | 1600 | 3300 | 0.00 | 77.00 1.00 ‘31.00 2600 | 14.00 4.00 7800 Deep Gawis | ro | 2196 6% 0% 99% 19% 6% 34% 1896 2% 2.09% Tewesxe [0.00 | 0.00 3.00 ‘a0 3.00 ‘00 300 ‘a0 ‘000 7300 300 Stsiners_| 096 om 100% | ow. 100% om 100% om, 06. 100% | 0.08% Troxnom | 400 | 7.00 2500 | 3.00 | 23.00 3.00 721.00 3.00 “400 25.00) 23.00 ‘ide ise | 27% 5896 10%, 20% 10% 7236 23% 149%, 26% 078% Tinpeyeox | 1.00 | 9.00 1.00 ‘0.00 1.00 10.00 3.00 200 | 11.00 ‘000 00) Puaouncs | 99% 52% 99% 0% om. 519% 826 13% | 100% 0% 0.29% Hlowexh | 7.00 | 19.00 | 71.00 | 400 | 95.00 ‘300 "71.00 25.00 | 95.00 5.00 3800 Small pots | 796 20% 73% 4% 37% 3% 733% 27% 3636 09% 2.62% Tomes | 1.00 | 1.00 1.00) ‘0.00 3.00 ‘0.00 3.00 ‘000 ‘000 3.00 wcexy 1 3.00 Pots on the 0% 10096. 0% 100% om 6 r00% | 9.08% wheel 1 sae | 539 3396, Tlonaana | 1.00 | 2.00 re00 | 000 | 1600 Too, 17.00 000 z00 5 sreny 2 17.00 Pots on the om 4% om 100% om 12% 8% 0.45%, wheel om 12% 2% chHervdt eas‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. JIMTEPATYPA / Auruh, HL, C. Ba6sth 2005 Tipermmanapin pesynrara THrlonomko-crarHeTHaKe oSpaye KepaMMuKor Matepujana ca moxanurera Kane-Kpuresuua, 36opnux Hapodnoe ayseja XVILL-1, Beorpax 2005, 213-228. Arnold, D. E. 1985 Ceramic Theory and Cultural Process, Cambridge 1985. Arnold, P. J. 2000 Working Without a Net: Recent ‘Trends in Ceramic Ethnoarchaeology, Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 8, No. 2, 105-133. Babié, $. 1994 Written Sources in the Study of Balkan Iron Age, Starinar XLII-XLIV (1992-1993), Beorpag 1994, 125-128. Bellwood, P. 2005 First Rarmers: The origins of Agricultural Societies, Malden 2005. Berg, I. 2007 Meaning in the making: The Potter’s Weel at Phylakopy, Melos (Greece), Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 26, 234-252. Binford, L. 1962 Archaeology as Anthropology, American Antiquity Vol 28, No 2, 217-225. Binford, L. 1965 Archaeological Sistematics and the Study of Culture Process, American Antiquity Vol 31, No 2, 203-210. Binford, L. 1983a Working at Archaeology, Academic Press, New York 1983. Binford, L. 1983b In Persuit of the Past: Decoding the Archaeological Record, London 1983. Burpaxona-Tpospanona, B. 1987 Chomenunu 09 xenenucmurxuors nepuod 60 CP Maxedonuja, Cxonje 1987. 193issn RPAH Braxencxa, C. 2005 Tleuxu 9a xepamuxa, Vardarski Rid Vol. I, Murpencxy JI. (ei1.), Fondation Vardarski Rid, Institut for History of Art and Archaeology-Phaculty of Philosophy, Skopje 2005, 261-280. Bopaman, IL, UL. [pudnt, O. Mapy 1999 Oxcoopécna ucmopuja Tpuxe u xenenucmuuxoe coema, Beorpay 1999. Bouzek, J., M. Domaradski, Z. H. Archibald (eds.) 1996 Pistiros i Excavation and Studies, Charles University, Prague 1996. Bouzek, J., M. Domaradski, Z. H. Archibald (eds.) 2002 Pistiros II: Excavation and Studies, Charles University, Prague 2002. Bozkova, A., P. Delev 2002 Koprivlen 1: Rescue Archaeological Investigation along the Gotse Deltsev — Drama Road 1998-1999, Archaeological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia 2002. Bradley, A. A., L. C. Nevett 1999 Digging houses: Archaeologies of Classical and Hellenistic Greek domestic assemblages, The Archaeology of Household Activities, Allison P. M. (eds), London and New York 1999, Bradley, R., M. Fulford 1980 Sherd Size in the Analysis of Occupation Debris, Institute of Archaeology Bulliten 17, London 1980, 85-94. Braudel, F. 1993 A History of Civilizations, Penguinr Books, New York 1993. Burdije, P 1999 Nacrt za jednu teoriju prakse: tri studije o kabilskoj etnologiji, Beograd 1999. Butzer, K. W. 1982 Archaeologicay as human ecology, Cambridge 1982. VanPool, C. S., T. L. VanPool 1999 ‘The Scientific Nature of postprocessualism, American Antiquity, Vol. 64, No. 1, Washington D.C. 1999, 33-53.‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. Vasié, R. 1987 Oblast isto&nog Kosova, juéne Srbije i severne Makedonije, y: Praistorja jugoslavenskih zemalja V, A. Benac (ur.), Sarajevo 1987. Vukmanovié, M., P, Popovié 1982 Sendazna istrazivanja gradinskih naselja na podrutju Vranjsko-presevske koptline, Godinjak. Centar 2a balkanoloska istrazivanja XX/18, Sarajevo 1987, 189-210. Tapamansn, M. 1973 Tpaucmopuja na may CP Cp6uje, Beorpag 1973. Gay de P,, J. Evans, P. Redman (eds.), 2000 Identity: a reader, London 2000. Tosenapuua, B, C. BaGuh 1992 Merogomormja ncrpaxuparba rpagmickor Hacema Kaucypa y Kaguha Spay, Inacnux CAJ 11, Beorpay 1992, 53-63 Tposyanop, I]. (yp.) 1996 Apxeonowxa Kapma na Peny6auxa Maxedouuja, Tom II, Cxonje 1996. Darvin, C. 1985 Postanak vrsta, Beograd 1985. David, N., C. Kramer 2001 Etlmoarchaeology in Action, Cambridge 2001. Diaz-Andreu, M., S. Lucy, S. Babié, D. N. Edwards 2005 The Archagology of Identity, London and New York 2005. Diaz-Andreu, M., 8. Lucy 2005 Introduction, The Archaeology of Identity, Diaz-Andreu M., $.Lucy, 8. Babié, D, N.Edwards,, London and New York 2005, 1-12. Joomrpon, Jl. TL, M. Yirrxova, A. Bamkartexa, JI. Ornenona-Maputona (ea) 1984 Cesmononuc, Toa I, Bonrapcka axajemun na Haykute, Apxeonorne-cKit MHCTUTYT uM Myseit, Codua 1984, Homapancxn, M. 2002 Gray Pottery from Pistiros, Pistiros Hi: Excavation and Studies, Bouzek, J, Domaradski, M., Archibald Z, H. (eds.), Prague 2002. 195issn RPAH Drennan, R. D. 2004 Statistics for Archaeologist: A Commonsense Approach, New York 2004. Drougou, S. (eds.) 1991 Hellenistic Pottery from Macedonia, Athens 1991. Dordevi¢-Bogdanovié, B. 1994 The Chronology of The First Local Use of The Potter's Wheel in The Central Balkans, Balcanica XXV-1, Beograd 1994, 39-53, Eerkens, J. W., C. P. Lipo 2005 Cultural transmission, copying the errors, and the generation of variation in material culture and the archaeological record, Journal of Anthropological Arcitaeology 24, Ann Arbor 2005, 316-334. Johnsen, H., B. Olsen 1992 Hermeneutics and Archaeclogy: On the Philosophy of Contextual Archaeology, American Antiquity, Vol. 57, No. 3, Washington D.C. 1992, 419-436. Johnson, M. 1999 Archaeological Theory an Introduction, Oxford 1999, Jones, S. 1998. The Archaeology of Ethnicity, London and New York 1998 Jones, S., P. Graves-Brown 1996 Introduction: Archaeology and cultural identity in Europe, Cultural identi- ty and Archaeology - The construction of European comunities, Graves- Brown P, Jones $., Gambel (ed.), London and New York 1996, Jovanovié, B. 1987 Istoitna grupa, y: Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja V, Sarajevo 1987, 815-855. Jovanovié, M. 1996 Kale, Kréevica ~ protoistorijsko utvrdeno naselje, Arheoloski pregled 8, Beograd 1996, 58-60. Kohl, P. L. 1998 Nationalism and archaeology: On the Costruction of Nationes and the 196‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. Reconstruction of the Remote Past, Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol 27, Polo Alto 1998, 223-246. Kramer, C. 1985 Ceramic Ethnoarchaeology, Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol 14, Polo Alto 1985, 77-102 van der Leeuw, S. E. 1999 Some notes from the potter’s point of view, The Complex Past of Pottery: Production, Circulation and Consumption of Mycenaean and Greek Pottery, Criclaard, J. P,, Stissi, V & van Wijngaarden, G. J. (eds.), Amsterdam 1999, 115-137. Lucy, $. 2005 Ethnic and Cultural Identities, The Archaeology of Mentity, Routledge, London and New York 2005. Muxyrauh, 1. 1999 Anmusxu epadoau 60 Maxedonuja, Cxorje 1999. Muxyrnh, M1., M. Jonanonh 1968 XenemetuaKn oppidum us Kpmenuye, Bpatecku enactux IV, Bparse 1968, 355-375. Murpepexw, JI. 1996 4, Teprenuja, Apxeonowxa xapma na Peny6ruxa Maxedonuja, Tom Il, CKonje 1996, 96-98. Murpepexw, Jl. 1997 Tpomoucmopuckume sajednuyu 60 Maxedonuja, Ckonje 1997. Mutrpecxn, JI. 2001 CrapomaxedoncKuons epad na Bapdapexu Pud, Cxonje 2001. Murpeexn, JI. (yp.) 2005 Bapaapexs: Pug Vicrpaxysarse 1995-2004, Vardarski Rid Vol. I, Fondation Vardarski Rid, Institut for History of Art and Archaeology-Phaculty of Philosophy, Skopje 2006. Morris, L, B. B. Powell 2006 The Greeks: History, Culture, and Society, New Jersey 2006. 197issn RPAH Neff, H. 1993 ‘Theory, Sampling, And Analytical Techniques in the Archaeological Study of Prehistoric Ceramics, American Antiquity, Vol, 58, No. 1, Washington D.C. 1993, 23-44 Nevett, L. 1999 House and Society in the Ancient World, Cambridge 1999. O’Brien, M. J., R. L. Lyman 2000 Applaying Evolutionary Archaeology: A Systematic Approach, New York 2000. Olsen, B. 2002 Od predmeta do teksta, Geopoetka, Beograd 2002. Orton, C. 1980 Mathematics in Archaeology, London 1980. Papazoglu, F. 1969 Srednjobalkanska plemena u predrimsko doba, Sarajevo 1969. Peri, M. 2000 Intelektualna istorija Evrope, Beograd 2000. Tonos, X. 2002 YpSanusauns eve avmpemumnume pationu na Tpaxua u Maupua: npes VI-T ex npedu Xpucma, Coda 2002. Popovic, P. 2005 Kale-Kréevica: Investigations 2001-2004 Interim Report, 36opuux Hapod- Hoe myseja XVITI-1, Beorpaj, 2005, 141-173. Popovic, P. 2006 Central Balkans Between The Greek and Celtic World: Case Studz Kale- KrSevica, Homage to Milutin Garasanin, Tasié, N. (eds.), Beograd 2006, 523-536. Popovic, P. 2007a Nakit iz Krsevice, Situla 44 — Scripta Praehistorica in Honorem Biba Terzan, Ljubljana 2007, 813-821.‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. Popovié, P. 2007b Numismatic finds of the 4th ~ 34 centuries BC from Kale at Kréevica (south- easter Serbia), Arheoloski vestnik 58, Ljubljana 2007, 411-417. Popovic, P. 2007¢ Kréevica et les contacts entre l'Egée et les centre des Balkans, Histria Antiqua 15, Pula 2007, 125-136, Renfrew, C. 1973 Before Civilization: The radiocarbon revolution and prehistoric Europe, Harmodsworth 1973. Renfrew, C. 1987 Archaeology & language: The Puzzle of Indo-European Origins, Cambridge 1987. Renfrew, C., P. Bahn 2004 Archaeologzy: Theoris, Methods and Practise, Thames & Hudson, London 2004, Rice, M. P. 1981 Evolution of Specialized Pottery Production: A Trial Model, Current Anthropology Vol. 22, No. 3, Chicago 1981, 219-240. Rice, M. P. 1996a Recent Ceramic Analysis: 1. Function, Style, and Origins, Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 4, No. 2, New York 1996, 133-163. Rice, M. P. 1996b Recent Ceramic Analysis: 2. Composition, Production, and Theory, Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 4, No. 3, New York 1996, 165-202. Robinson, M. D. 1950 Excavation at Olynthus XIU: Vases Pound in 1934 and 1938, Baltimore 1950, Rotroff, I. $. 2004 Coarse Wares at the Athenian Agora, T° Emotnyowxi ovvavtnon yea thy EXAnMotixi KepayuKi, A@nval 2004, 455-460, Schiffer, M. B. 1983 ‘Toward the Identification of Formation Processes, American Antiquity, Vol. 48, No. 4, Washington D.C. 1983, 675-706, 199issn RPAH Schiffer, M. B. 1988 The Structure of Archaeological Theory, American Antiquty, Vol. 53, No. 3, Washington D.C. 1988, 461-485. Schiffer, M. B. 1996 Some Relationships between Behavioral and Evolutionary Archaeology, American Antiquity, Vol. 61, No. 4, Washington D.C. 1996, 643-662. Schiffer, M., J. Skibo 1987 Theory and Experiment in the Study of ‘Technological Change, Current Anthropology, Vol. 28, No. 5, Chicago 1987, 595-622. Schortman, E. M., P. A. Urban 2004 Modeling the Roles of Craft Production in Ancient Politicl Economies, Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 12, No 2, New York 2004, 185-556. Service, B. R. 1975 Origins of The State and Civilization: The Process of Cultural Evolution, New York 1975. Shanks, M., C. Tilley 1992 Re-Constructing Archaeology: Theory and Practise, Routledge, London and New York 1992. Shennan, S. 1997 Quantifying Archaeology, Edinburgh 1997. Shennan, S. 2002 Genes, Memes and Human History: Darwinian Archaeology and Cultural Evolution, London 2002. Shukriu, E. 1989 Helenizovana keramika starijeg gvozdenog doba u SAP Kosovo, doktorska disertacija rukopis, Pristina 1989. Shukriu, B. 2003 Ancient Dardania, hitp://groups, msn.com/AlbanianCity/general.msnwtaction=get_messagee-n view=08ID_Message=1192 Smith, A. L. 2001 Bonfire I: The Return of Pottery Firing Temperatures, Journal of Archagological Scienice 28, New York 2001, 991-1003. 200‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. Coxoronexa, B. 1986 Heap ~ Mapaunyu u TMoeapdapje 60 anmuxxo apeme, Mysej Ha Make- noHuja, CKonje 1986. Coxonogcxa, B. 1996 11. Mapauniun, Apxeonownxa kapma na Peny6nuxa Maxedonuja, Tom IL, Cronje 1996, 55-59. CoxoropeKa, B. 1991 PanoaHTHuka payxo paGorena Kepamuka oj, Maxejonuja, Macedoniae acta Archaeologica 12, Ckonje 1991, 163-183. CoxonoseKa, B, 1992 PanoantHuka cua Kepamuka no Maxegonuja, Macedoniae acta Archaeolodica 13, Cxonje 1992, 141-148. Srejovié, D. 1973 Karagaé and ‘The Problem of Ethnogenises of Dardanians, Balcanica IV, Beograd 1973, 39-82. Stark, T. M. 2003 Current Issues in Ceramic Ethnoarchacology, Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 11, No. 3, New York 2003, 193-242. Thompson, A. H. 1934 ‘Two Centuries of Hellenistic Pottery, Hesperia, Vol IIT, No. 4, Athens 1934, 311-476. Todorovié, J. 1974 Skordisci istorija i kultura, Institiut za izuavanje istorije Vojvodine, Novi Sad ~ Beograd 1974, Trigger, B. G. 1998 Archaeology and Epistemiology: Dialoguing across the Darwinian Chasm, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol 102, Nol, Boston 1998, 1-34. ‘Trigger, B. G. 2006 A History of Archaeological Thought, Cambridge 2006. Hag, B. 1979 Antropoloske teorije Li H, Beograd 1979.issn RPAH Hegmon, M. 2003 Setting ‘Theoretical Egos Aside: Issues and Theory in North American Archaeology, American Antiquity, Vol. 68, No. 2, Washington D.C. 2003, 213-243. Hodder, I. 1986 Reading The Past: Current approaches to interpretation in archaeology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1986. Hodder, 1. 1990 The Domestication of Europe: Structure and Contingency in Neolithic Societies, Oxford 1990. Hodder, I. 1991 Interpretativ Archaeology and its role, American Antiquity Voll 56, No 1, Washington D.C. 1991, 7-18. Hodder, I. 1999 ‘The Archaeological Process: An Introduction, Oxford 1999. Childe, V. G. 1929 ‘The Danube in Prehistory, Oxford 1929. Childe, V. G. 1957 ‘The Dawn of European Civilisation, London 1957. Clarke, D. L. 1971 Analitical Archaeology, London 1971 Clarke, D. L. 1977 Spatial Archaeology, London, New York, San Francisco 1977. Clark, G. 1971 World Prehistory: A New Outline, Cambridge 1971. Collis, J. 1984 ‘The European Iron Age, London 1984. Crielaard, J. P., V. Stissi, G. J. van Wijngaarden (eds.) 1999 The Complex Past of Pottery: Production, Circulation and Consumption of Mycenaean and Greek Pottery, Amsterdam 1999. 202‘TEOPHCKO-METO;{ON1OLKH IIPOBIEMI TVMAMEESA KEPAMHMKOE MA'TEPHTATA. Cullen, B. S. 2000 Contagious Ideas: On evolution, culture, archaeology, and Cultural Virus Theory, Oxford 2000. Yanropa et al. 1981 Yanrosa Ji, A. Panynuesa, B. JlioGexosa, B. Pepacumosa-Tomopa, M1. YOpykona (e.) 1981 Hepuux I, Boarapcka akajemma na Hayxure, Apxeomormueckn MncTuTyT uM Myseit, Codus 1981. Yanrona, Ht. 1981 ‘Tpaxiiickoro cenmue, Hepnux I, Yanrona V1, A. Pagynuena, B. Jto6enoBa, B, Pepacumopa-Tomosa, JI. Opykona (ej..), ApXeoslorit4eckM MCTHTYT HM myseii, Copa 1981, 52-100, UuKopa, M. 1984 AHTHUKa Kepamaxa, Ceemononuc, Toss I, Lumutpos, Il. IL, M. Yauxoza, A.Bankasicka, JI. Oreriopa-Mapuriona (ep). Coda 1984, 18-115. Saéel-Kos, M. 2005 Appian and Miricum, Ljubljana 2005. Wells, P. S. 1980 Cultural contact and cultural change: Early Iron Age central Europe and the Mediterranean world, Cambridge 1980. Wells, P. 8. 1984 Farmers, Villages, and Cities: Commerce and Urban Origns in Late Prehistoric Europe, Itaca and London 1984. Wells, P. S. 1998 Identity and Material Culture in Later Prehistory of Central Europe, Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 6, No. 3, New York 1998, 232-298. White, L. A. 1959 The Evolution of Culture: The Development of Civilization to the Fall of Rome, New York, Toronto, London 1959, 203Ivan VRANIC Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERPRETATION OF THE POTTERY MATERIAL FROM THE SITE KALE IN KRSEVICA ‘The systematic excavations of the forth century B.C. settlement Kale in village Kréevica started in 2001 and are still ongoing. This oldest urban settlement in Serbia has produced over 100,000 fragments of domestic wheel made gray pottery. Close resemblance of this material with vessels discovered in Greece, Bulgaria and FRY of Macedonia is the most interesting subject. This article aims to present various methodological and theoretical perspectives of possible interpretation of this problem. ‘The largest segment of literature considering this topic consists of culture-historical approach, which led traditional archaeologist in ethnic determination of this highly simi- Jar material culture as representation of Paeonian, Thracian, Greek or Dardanian ethnici- ty depending on the territory where the gray pottery has been detected, ‘The processual and postprocessual explanations, which are not aiming at ethnic determi- nation of archaeological questions, have not yet been offered. The same could also be said for the contemporary multidisciplinary studies like ethno archaeology and identity. Since the pottery material discovered in Kréevica has only been preliminary published, these modern interpretations could be of certain help in interpretation of this problem. Translated by author