Jelajahi eBook
Kategori
Jelajahi Buku audio
Kategori
Jelajahi Majalah
Kategori
Jelajahi Dokumen
Kategori
Si
NIP 19670915200604 1 001
Sebagai Staf Pengajar pada Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Lahir di Semarang, 15 September 1967
FKI
P
5
Riwayat Pendidikan:
S-1. IKIP Negeri Semarang. 1990.
Bidang Ilmu: Pendidikan Matematika
S-2. Universitas Gadjah Mada. 2000.
Bidang Ilmu: Matematika
S-3. Pascasarjana UNESA. 2010.
Bidang Ilmu: Pendidikan Matematika
Judul Disertasi:
LEVELS OF PROBABILISTIC THINKING OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS
TINGKAT-TINGKAT BERPIKIR PROBABILISTIK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH
PERTAMA
In everyday life, everyone is confronted to the
past, on-going and coming phenomena.
Probabilistic thinking will play significant role
when one comes across the coming
phenomena which does not really happen, or
impossible to happen, but might happen. The
degree of one's certainty to come to a
conclusion on a coming phenomenon varies.
This condition shows the degree of
probabilistic
thinking
capability.
The
conception of probabilistic thinking ability has
been discussed by experts as Jones, et.al. Such
degree of probabilistic thinking was developed
after the students get exposed to problems of
probabilistic thinking.
The present study is a qualitative
research which aims at constructing levels of
probabilistic thinking which fulfil credibility,
reliability and revealing characteristics of each
stages of probabilistic thinking among
secondary school students who formally got
probabilistic instruction. Data collection was
conducted by means of task-based interviews
and test. The research involved twelve of 9 thgraders of Surakarta 17 and 6 State Junior
High Schools under the following research
procedures: a) formulating the early
hypothetic theory based on literature review
and supported by the early empiric data, b)
judgments.
Probabilistic Thinking Level 2 (Transitional)
Students are able to list a complete set of
outcomes for a two-stage experiment using
limited and unsystematic strategies. They are
able to understand concepts of certain and
impossible events for both one and two- stage
experiments. Students are able to determine
probability of an event for a one-stage
experiment using numeric. Students are still
unable to recognize probability of an event for
a two-stage experiment using numeric
informally. They can predict the most and the
least likely events on the basis of quantitative
judgments but may revert to subjective
judgments. Students are able to compare
probability of two events on the basis of
quantitative judgments but may revert to
subjective judgments.
Probabilistic Thinking Level 3 (Informal
Quantitative)
Students use quantitative thinking informally.
They are able to list a complete set of outcomes
for a two-stage experiment using a partially
generative strategy. They can predict the most
and the least likely events on the basis of
quantitative judgments. Students are able to
determine the probability of an event for a
one-stage
experiment
and
two-stage
experiment using informal numeric. They are
capable of comparing the probability of two
events using informal numeric.
Probabilistic Thinking Level 4 ( Semi
Numeric)
Students are capable of applying a generative
strategy to make a complete listing of the
outcomes for two- and three-stage experiment.
They are able to predict the most and the least
likely events for single-stage experiments by
assigning numerical probability. Students are
able to understand the concepts of probability
an event for one-and two-stage experiments.
They are capable of determining numerical
probability in comparing probability of two
events for one-stage experiment. Students are
incapable of relating their prior knowledge of
probability of an event for one-stage cases in
determining the probability of an event for
two-stage experiment numerically.
Probabilistic Thinking Level 5 ( Numeric)
Students are able to adopt and apply a
generative strategy that enables a complete
listing of the outcomes for two-and three-stage
cases. They are capable of predicting the most
and the least likely events for one-and twostage experiments by assigning numerical
probability. In predicting the most and the
least likely events and comparing probability
of two events, sometimes students express the
probability of an event in the form of fraction
or the ratio between the number of cases that
favorable for that events to occur and the
number of all equally possible cases. They are
able to assign numerical probability in
comparing probability of two events for twostage experiment.
Based on the findings, these levels of
probabilistic thinking can be used as basis for
further research which verify, modify or
develop the theory. Findings of this study can
also be used as indicators in assessing
students' ability to do probabilistic thinking to
solve problems bearing uncertainty. Results of
this research can also be used to design a
model of learning strategy which aims at
enhancing
or
maximalizing
students'
probabilistic thinking.
Keywords:
probabilistic
problems,
probabilistic thinking, levels of probabilistic
thinking.
berpikir