Assignment 1.

MEE204 Engineering Thermodynamics

1. A certain perfect gas is compressed reversibly from 1 bar, 17 C to a pressure of 5 bar in a
perfectly thermally insulated cylinder, the final temperature being 77 C. The workdone on
the gas during the compression is 45 kJ/kg. Estimate adiabatic index, specific heat at constant
volume and gas constant.
2. 1 kg of air at 1.02 bar, 20 C is compressed reversibly according to a law pv1.3 = constant, to a
pressure of 5.5 bar. Estimate the workdone on the air and heat supplied during the
compression.
3. A mass of 0.05 kg of carbon dioxide occupying a volume of 0.03 m 3 at 1.025 bar, is
compressed reversibly until the pressure is 6.15 bar. Calculate the final temperature, the work
done on the CO2, and the heat supplied:
a) when the process is according to law pv1.4 = constant;
b) when the process is isothermal
c) when the process takes place in a perfectly thermally insulated cylinder.
Assume carbon dioxide to be a perfect gas, and take = 1.3.
4. A mass of 8 kg of gas expands within a flexible container so that the p-v relationship is of the
form pv1.2 = constant. The initial pressure is 1000 kPa and the initial volume is 1 m 3. The final
pressure is 5 kPa. If specific internal energy of the gas decreases by 40 kJ/kg, find the heat
transfer in magnitude and direction.
5. A gas of mass 1.5 kg undergoes a quasi-static expansion which follows a relationship
p = a + bV, where a and b are constants. The initial and final pressure are 1000 kPa and
200 kPa respectively and the corresponding volumes are 0.20 m 3 and 1.20 m3. The specific
internal energy of the gas is given by the relation u = 1.5 pv 85 kJ/kg, where p is in kPa
and v is in m3 / kg. Calculate the net heat transfer and the maximum internal energy of the
gas attained during expansion.
6. 0.124 m3 of Argon gas at 1.25 bar and 30 C is contained in a cylinder and piston assembly.
The gas is now compressed in a polytropic process to 8 bar and 200 C. Calculate: (a) Change
in internal energy (b) Work interaction and (c) Heat transfer during the process.

7. A turbine operates under steady flow conditions, receiving steam at the following state:
pressure 1.2 MPa, temperature 188 C, enthalpy 2785 kJ/kg, velocity 33.3 m/s and elevation
3 m. The steam leaves the turbine at the following state: pressure 20 kPa, enthalpy
2512 kJ/kg, velocity 100 m/s, and elevation 0m. Heat is lost to the surroundings at the rate
of 0.29 kJ/s. If the rate of steam flow through the turbine is 0.42 kg/s, what is the power
output of the turbine in kW?
8. A nozzle is a device for increasing the velocity of a steadily flowing stream. At the inlet to a
certain nozzle, the enthalpy of the fluid passing is 3000 kJ/kg and the velocity is 60 m/s.
At the discharge end, the enthalpy is 2762 kJ/kg. The nozzle is horizontal and there is
negligible heat loss from it. (a) Find the velocity at exit from the nozzle. (b) If the inlet area is
0.1 m2 and the specific volume at inlet is 0.187 m 3 / kg, find the mass flow rate. (c) If the
specific volume at the nozzle exit is 0.498 m3 / kg, find the exit area of the nozzle.
9. Air flows steadily at the rate of 0.4 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at 6 m/s with a
pressure of 1 bar and a specific volume 0f 0.85 m 3 / kg, and leaving at 4.5 m/s with a pressure
of 6.9 bar and a specific volume 0f 0.16 m3 / kg. The internal energy of the air leaving is 88
kJ/kg greater than that of the air entering. Cooling water in a jacket, surrounding the cylinder
absorbs heat from the air at the rate of 59 W. Calculate the power required to drive the
compressor and the inlet and outlet cross-sectional areas.
10. A control mass undergoes a reversible three-process power cycle. The working substance is
air. The initial pressure and temperature are 0.1 MPa and 300 K. Air is first compressed
isothermally to 0.6 MPa. It is then heated at constant pressure. Finally, it is brought to the
initial state by an adiabatic expansion process. Determine the heat transfer and work for each
individual process. Verify that cyclic integral of heat is equal to cyclic integral work for this
cycle.
11. Steam at 5 MPa and 500 C enters a nozzle steadily with a velocity of 80 m/s, and it leaves at
2 MPa and 400 C. The inlet area of the nozzle is 50 cm 2, and heat is being lost at a rate of
90 kJ/s. Determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam, (b) the exit velocity of the steam, and
(c) the exit area of the nozzle.
12. Air at 90 kPa and 3 C enters an adiabatic diffuser steadily with a velocity of 183 m/s and
leaves with a low velocity at a pressure of 100 kPa. The exit area of the diffuser is 5 times the
inlet area. Determine (a) the exit temperature and (b) the exit velocity of the air.
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13. Helium is compressed from 120 kPa and 310 K to 700 kPa and 430 K. A heat loss of 20 kJ/kg
occurs during the compression process. Neglecting the kinetic energy changes, determine the
power input required for a mass flow rate of 90 kg/min.