SA 15 16 XII XII Mathematics Unit-1 Section-C

90
Algebra
Success Achiever (Solutions)
Section - C : Assertion - Reason Type

1.
Answer (3)
z1, z2, z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle if z12 z22 z32 z1z2 z1z3 z2z3 = 0.
Now, a2 3a2 + a2 (a) i a 3 i a 3 ( a) a ( a) = 0

Hence, a, i a 3 , a represents three vertices of an equilateral triangle.
2.
Answer (1)
y
|z 5 5i| = 5
A
x
Clearly, A (z) has maximum argument equal to
3.
.
2
Answer (4)
a + i b > c + id is meaningless. It is meaningful only when b = d = 0.
Clearly 10 + 4i > 8 + 3i is meaningless and we cant compare it.
4.
Answer (1)
Clearly, z1, z2, z3, z4 lies on circle |z| = 1.
Also, z1, z2, z3, z4 are concyclic if
Now,
5.
( z2 z4 ) ( z1 z3 )
is purely real.
( z1 z4 ) ( z2 z3 )
(0 i ( i )) (1 1)
2i (2)
=
=2
(1 i ) (i 1)
2i
Answer (4)
Given, 1 + n + 2n
When n = 3m
1 + n + 2n = 1 + 3m + 6m = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
When n = 3m + 1
1 + 3m + 1 + 2 (3m + 1) = 1 + + 2 = 0
when n = 3m + 2
1 + 3m + 2 + 2 (3m + 2) = 1 + 2 + = 0
Clearly 1 + n + 2n 0 for n = 3m
6.
Answer (1)
z=3i 3
If be argument then
cos =
3
12
, sin =
3
12
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Regd. Office: Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
cos =
7.
Algebra
91
1
3
, sin =
2
2
5
6
Answer (4)
z z + a z + a z + b = 0, b R represents circle having centre a and radius
aa b .
For circle |z|2 + (3 4i) z + (3 + 4i) z + 24 = 0, centre of circle is (3 + 4i).

8.
9.
Answer (3)
Given,
1 1 2i
1 i 1 i
1 i
=
=
=i
2
1 i 1 i
1 i
Now,
1 i
arg
= arg ( i) =
2
1 i
But,
z1
arg = arg (z1) arg (z2) + 2k
z2
(k = 0, 1)
Answer (1)
|z (3 + 4i)| = 3
Now,
...(i)
|z (3 + 4i)| | z | | 3 4i |
|z (3 + 4i)| | z | 5
...(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
|z|5 3
3 |z| 5 3
2 |z| 8
Clearly, |z|max = 8
10. Answer (1)
2009
Given,
r 1
as we known + 2 + 3 = 0
m + m + 1 + m + 2 = 0
also
where, m is a positive integer.
11. Answer (1)

32 . 2 = i 4 2 . i 2 = 8
12. Answer (2)

x+
1
= 1 x2 + x + 1 = 0 x = ,2
x
1
Now,
2007 +
Also,
(2)2007 +
2019
=1+1=2
1
( 2 )2019
=1+1=2
92
Algebra
For x = ,
x2 +
Now,
1
x
= 2 +
=1
for x = 2
x2 +
1
x
= 4 +
1
4
=1
13. Answer (1)

4n 3
= (i + i 2 + i 3 + i 4 + i 5 + i 6 + i 7 + i 8 + ...... + i 4n) + (i 4n + 1 + i 4n + 2 + i 4n + 3)
r 1
= 0 + (i + i 2 + i 3)
= i 1 i = 1
14. Answer (2)
|z z1| + |z z2| = k represents an ellipse if |z1 z2| < k, Here |3 4i| < 8, hence |z 3| + |z 4i| = 8 represents
ellipse also |z z1| + |z z2| = k represents line segment joining z1 and z2.
15. Answer (1)
1
+ 2
3
9
17
.....
8 32 128
1
3
1
= + 2
1 1

4
= + 2
= + 2 = 1
16. Answer (4)

1 2 . 3 ....... 100 = (1)100 1 = (1)99 = 1.
17. Answer (1)
z =
1 7i
(2 i )
1 7i
4 1 4i
1 7i
3 4i
3 4i 3 4 i
25 25 i
=1+i
25
Now arg of (z) =

Polar form of
3 28 4 i 21 i
25
3
, |z| =
4
1 7i
(2 i )
is
2.
3
3
.
2 cos
i sin
4
4
18. Answer (3)

z z1
= k represents circle if k 1, if k = 1 it represent straight line which is perpendicular bisector of line
z z2
segment joining z1 and z2.
19. Answer (3)

Statement-1 is true but statement-2 is true only if n Z+ and n > 1, hence in general, statement-2 is false.
Algebra
93
20. Answer (4)
z1 z3
2
i.e. z2 is mid point of line joining z1 and z3.
z1, z2, z3 are in A.P. z2
Hence statement-1 and statement-2 both are correct but statement-2 is not correct explanation of statement-1.
21. Answer (4)
|z z1| + |z z2| = represents ellipse only when |z1 z2| <
22. Answer (1)
2
2
z
2
2
r
2 r
2
2
r
Now r2 + 2r 2 0
r [ 1 3, ]
... (i)
also
r2 2r 2 0
r (0, 1 3]
... (ii)
from (i) and (ii)
rmax 1 3
23. Answer (4)
x 2 x + (1 i ) = 0
Sum of roots = 1
(1 + i ) + = 1
= i
( is other root)
Clearly, statement-1 is false, but statement-2 is true.

24. Answer (3)
4x 2 4x 3 = 0
x=
4 16 48
8
3
1
,
2
2
Clearly, statement-1 is true, statement-2 is not always true. It is true only when a, b, c are also rational.
25. Answer (1)
x 2 4x + 1 = 0
x=
=
4 16 4
2
42 3
2
= 2 3
Clearly, statement-1 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation.
94
Algebra
26. Answer (1)

f(x) = x 2 2x + 6
Also, coeff of x 2 = 1 > 0
So, f(x) > 0 R
Clearly, statement-2 explains statement-1.
27. Answer (4)

f(x) = x 2 8 2 x 32 ( x 4 2 )2
D = (8 2 )2 4 32 0
As D = 0 and coeff of x 2 > 0, hence
f(x) 0, hence statement-1 is false and statement-2 is true.
28. Answer (3)
f(x) = x 2 (5
D = (5
(5
2 )x 5 2
2 )2 4 5 2
2 )2 0, roots are real
Sum of roots = (5 2 ) 0
Product of roots = 5 2 0
Hence both roots are positive
But in case of statement-2, if roots are not real, then we cannot say that roots are positive or negative.
29. Answer (1)
f(x) = (1 + i)x 2 ix 1
f(1) = (1 + i) i 1
(sum of coefficient of x 2, x and constant term)
=0
Clearly, statement-1 is true and statement-2 is its correct explanation.
30. Answer (1)
x 2 + 5x + 6 = 0
D = 25 24 = 1 > 0
Sum of roots = 5 < 0
Product of roots = 6 > 0
Hence x 2 + 5x + 6 = 0 has both the roots negative.
31. Answer (1)
f(x) = x 2 2 2 x 6
D = 8 + 24 = 32 > 0
and product of roots = 6 < 0
Hence clearly one root will be positive and another root will be negative.
Algebra
95
32. Answer (1)

Given, x 2 px + q = 0
D1 = p 2 + 4q
Also, x 2 rx + s = 0
D2 = r 2 + 4s
Now,
D1 + D2 = p 2 + r 2 + 4(q + s)
p 2 + r 2 + 2pr = (p + r)2 > 0
Atleast one of D1 and D2 is positive. Hence atleast one of equation x 2 px + q = 0 and x 2 rx + s = 0

has real roots.
33. Answer (4)

f(x) = 50x2 48x 2
Clearly, if f(m) and f(n) have opposite sign then one root lies between m and n.
f(3) and f(1) has same sign this means it's both root will be between 3 and 1 or no root will be between
3 and 1 as 1 is it's one root so no root of F(x) = 0 lies between 3 and 1.
34. Answer (1)
x2 + 3x 7 = 0
Let , be roots
Quadratic equation whose roots are
1 1
, is

1
1
3 7 0
x

x
1 + 3x 7x 2 = 0
7x 2 3x 1 = 0
Clearly, a, b, c has changed to c, b, a. So statement-2 is correct explanation.

35. Answer (1)
f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a, b, c odd integers
for rational root, D = b 2 4ac must be perfect square. It is possible only when b = a + c but as a and c
are odd so b will be even which contradicts that b is odd, so no roots will be rational also, an odd number
giving remainder 1 on division by 8 is perfect square ex(9, 25, 49, ).
36. Answer (3)
f(x) = x 2 + ax + b = 0
As roots of f(x) = 0 are rational i.e., a 2 4b is perfect square
a = b + 1 [(b a)2 4b = (b 1)2 ]
Now, x =
a a 2 4b
2
a (b 1)
2
a ( a 2)
2
= 1, a + 1
Clearly roots are integers. But stat-2 is false as b 2 4c may or may not be perfect square.
96
Algebra
37. Answer (2)

e sin x e sin x 4 = 0
Let e sin x = z
z
1
40
z
z 2 4z 1 = 0
z=
4 16 4
2
= 2 5
as 1 sin x 1
1
e sin x e
e
5 0
1
and 2
e
5 e
So no real solution
Clearly statement-2 is true but doesn't explain statement-1.
38. Answer (1)
Let f(x)
= ax 3 + bx 2 + cx
f(1) = a b + c = 0
f(0)
=0
f (x) = 0 i.e., 3ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 has atleast one root between (1, 0).
39. Answer (4)

f(x) = (x a)(x c) + (x b)(x d ) = 0
Now, f(a) = (a b)(a d ) > 0
f(c) = (c b)(c d ) < 0
as f(a) and f(c) are of opposite sign so, f(x) atleast one root between a and c, so statement-1 is false.
40. Answer (4)
ax 2 + bx + c 0
b 2 4ac = 0 and a > 0
Similarly, px 2 + qx + r 0
xR
xR
q2 4pr = 0 and p > 0
Now,
apx 2 + bqx + cr
D = b 2a 2 4apcr = 4ac 4pr 4abcr
= 12apcr
It's not necessary that 12apcr = 0. So statement-1 is false.
Algebra
97
41. Answer (2)

Statement-2 is true
f '(x) = 2{x p + x q + x r}
put f '(x) = 0 so that x
pqr
3
f "(x) = 6 > 0
f(x) is minimum when x is A.M. of p, q and r
42. Answer (1)
For real coefficient and having imaginary roots smallest degree = 2
Required equation is
x2 (1 + i + 1 i)x + (1 + i)(1 i) = 0
x2 2x + 2 = 0
43. Answer (1)
f() = 0
(x ) is factor of polynomial f(x) = 0
here a b + c = 0
f(1) = 0
hence x + 1 is its factor
44. Answer (1)
S10 = Sum of 10 terms
=
10
a1 a10
2
= 5 a3 a8
= 5 35 = 175
Clearly statement-2 is true and it explains the statement-1
45. Answer (1)
tn = 23n . ( 5)n
tn1 = 23(n 1) . ( 5)n1
23n. 5
3
Now tn/tn1 = 3n 1
n 1 = 2 . ( 5) = 40
2
. 5
n
tn
as t
is independent of n i.e. constant hence the sequence is in G.P.
n 1
46. Answer (4)

According to the question,
m am = n an
m(a + (m 1)d) = n (a + (n 1)d)
ma + m(m 1)d = na + n(n 1)d
(m n) a = d (n (n 1) m (m 1))
(m n) a = d (n2 m2 n + m)
98
Algebra
(m n)a = d [(n m) (n + m) (n m)] = d(n m) (m + n 1)

as m n
a = d (m + n 1)
a + d (m + n 1) = 0
tm + n = 0
Clearly statement-1 is false and statement-2 is true
47. Answer (3)
r 0
42
...
1
1
...
4 42
=1+
4
1 = 3
1
4
But statement-2 is false because
a
S = 1 r only when | r | < 1
48. Answer (2)
Given
a7 = 8.a4
a.r6 = 8. a.r3
r3 = 8
[as a 0]
r=2
Now, a5 = a.r4
48 = a.24
a=3
Clearly statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true
but statement-2 is not correct explanation
49. Answer (1)
S = a + ar + ar2 + ... + arm1 + arm + arm+1 + ...
tm = arm1
Now S1 = tm + 1 + tm + 2 + ... to
=
ar m
1 r
Now,
tm
S
ar m 1
m
ar
1 r
1 r
r
Clearly statement-1 is true
a
also, S = 1 r (| r | < 1) is true statement and explains statement-1
Algebra
99
50. Answer (3)

S = 1.n + 2(n 1) + 3(n 2) + ...+ n.1
tr = r (n r + 1)
= nr r2 + r
n
S =
tr =
r 1
=n
nr r
r 1
n n 1 n n 1 2n 1
2
n n 1
n 1 n n 1 2n 1
2
6
n n 1
2n 1
n 1
2
3
n n 1 3n 3 2n 1
2
3
n n 1 n 2
6
n n 1
2
51. Answer (2)

S = 1 + (2 + 3) + (4 + 5 + 6) + ...
No of terms in 1st bracket = 1
No of terms in 2nd bracket = 2
No. of terms in 3rd bracket = 3
No. of terms in nth bracket = n
Total no of terms = 1 + 2 + 3 + ...+ n =
n n 1
2
Now sum of all terms = 1 + 2 + 3 + .... +
n n 1
2
n n 1 n n 1
1
2
2
=
2
=
n n 1 n n 1 2
8
n n 1 n 2 n 2
8
n n 1 n 2 n 2
8
100
Algebra
52. Answer (1)

S = 1 + 22x + 32x2 + 42x3 + ... to , | x | < 1
xS = 1. x + 22x2 + 32x3 + ... to
________________________________________
S(1 x) = 1 + 3x + 5x2 + 7x3 + 9x4 + ... to
1
1
S(1 x) = 1 x 2 x
1 x 2
S=
52a.
1 x 2x
1 x
1 x
1 x 2
1 x
1 x 3
Answer (1)
(AIEEE 2009)
2 6 10 14
.....
3 3 2 33 3 4
2 6 10 14
S 1 2 3 4 .....
3 3
3
3
S 1 2
6 10 14
2 3 4 5 .....
3
3
3
3
3
2
2 4
4
4
(S 1) 2 3 4 .....
3
3 3
3
3
S 1
Let
S 1 1
S 2
=2+1
2 2
2
2 3 .....
3 3
3
2
3
1
1
3
=3
53. Answer (1)
x9 +
1
1 1
9
9
= x ... 9 time
x
x x
x
as A.M. G.M.
x9
x9 +
1
1 1
1
...
9 1 1 1 10
x x
x x . ...
x x x
10
9
10.1
x
9
minimum value of x
9
= 10
x
Algebra
101
54. Answer (4)

S = 1.2.3 + 2.3.4 + 3.4.5 + ...
tr = r. (r + 1) (r + 2)
n
S=
tr =
r 1
r r 1 r 2 =
r 1
3r 2 2r
r 1
n n 1 2n 1
n n 1
n n 1
2
3
=
2
6
2
n n 1 n n 1
2n 1 2
2
2
n n 1 n n 1 4n 6
2
2
n n 1 n 2 5n 6
=
2
2
n n 1 n 2 n 3
4
55. Answer (1)

Clearly 4, 8, 16 are in G.P, and 12, 16, 24 are in H.P
Let three term in G.P be, a, ar, ar2
On adding middle terms they are a + ar, 2ar and ar2 + ar
1
1
1
1
1 r 2r
1 r
Now 2ar a ar = 2ar a1 r = 2ar 1 r = 2ar 1 r
1
1
2 1 r
1 r
and
2ar = 2ar 1 r = 2ar 1 r
ar 2 ar
1
1
1
1
as 2ar a ar =
2
2ar
ar ar
a + ar, 2ar, ar2 + ar2 is in H.P.

56. Answer (1)
A.M. G.M.
y z
yz
...(i)
also
zx
zx
...(ii)
and
x y
xy
...(iii)
on multiplying (i), (ii) and (iii)
z z x x y
xyz
8
(1 x) (1 y) (1 z) 8 xyz
102
Algebra
57. Answer (1)

As A.M. G.M.
a
b
c
a 2
3. 2.
2
3
2
2
7
2.
3
2
b c 7

3 2
3 a 2 b 3 c 2 7
7 2 4.3 3
a2b3c2
a2 b3 c2
37
77
. 3 3.2 4
310 2 4
77
a2b3c2max =
310 2 4
77
58. Answer (3)

n
tan
k 1
2k
2 k2 k4
Now 2 + k2 + k4
= 1 + 1 + k2 + k4 + k2 k2
= 1 + (1 + k2)2 k2
= 1 + (1 + k2 + k) (1 + k2 k)
n
Now
tan
k 1
tan 1 k
n
1 k2 k 1 k2 k
1 1 k2 k 1 k2 k
k tan 1 1 k 2 k
k 1
= tan13 tan1 (1) + tan1 (7) tan13) + ...+ tan1 (n2 + n + 1) tan1 (1 + n2 n)
= tan 1 n 2 n 1 tan 11
n2 n 1 1
1
= tan
2
n
n
1
n2 n
= tan1 2
n n 2
1 n n 1
= tan 2
n n 2
59. Answer (1)
Let P =
=
ab
cb
2a b 2c b
1 b/a
1 b/c
2 b/a 2 b/c
2c
1 2a
ac
ac
=
2c
2a
2
2
ac
ac
1
Algebra
a 3c c 3a
2a
2c
3 c 1
3
= 1 + 2 a c 1 2 .2

=>4
60. Answer (1)
As
103
as x 2 for x 0
x
A.M. G.M.
=
>1
G.M. H.M.
AM > GM
1 2 2 2 ... 2 n 1
1.2.2 2...2 n 1
n
1
n
2n 1
21 2 ... n 1
2 1 n
n 1
2n 1
2
2
n
2n 1 > n. 2
n 1
2n > 1 n 2 n 1
61. Answer (1)
ai
a3 a3 a3 a4 a4 a4
a1 a1 a1 a2 a2 a2
= a a a a a a + a a a a a a
2
3
4
1
3
4
1
2
4
1
2
3
a2 a3
a1 a2 a1 a3 a1 a4
= a a a a a a + a a
1
1
1
2
2
4
3
3
2+2+2+2+2+2
x y
y x
12 as
a2 a 4
a a
2
4
a3 a4

a 4 an
x y
x y
. or 2
y x
y x
62. Answer (4)

Statement-2 is true and using it, we have
1
a2 b2 c 2 d 2 ab bc cd ad ac bd
a 5 b 5 c 5 d 5 10
10
Minimum value = 10 10
Hence Statement-1 is false
63. Answer (3)
log mn = log |m| + log |n|, m, n > 0
64. Answer (3)
log x2 = 2 log |x|, x > 0
65. Answer (1)
log3 4 log4 3
=
log 4 log 3
1
log 3 log 4
104
Algebra
66. Answer (4)

As 0 < sin2 x < 1, here
logsin2 x a logsin2 x b a < b

67. Answer (2)
1 1 1
...... = 1 log 2
2 3 4
68. Answer (3)
Sum =
x2 x3 x4
...... is only valid if |x| < 1 or x = 1

2
3
4
loge (1 + x) = x
69. Answer (4)
In given series,
an
n 1 n 2
n!
2n 4n n 1 n n 1 n 2
n!
2
4
1
an
n 1 ! n 2 ! n 3 !
1
1
1
4
sum of the series = 2

n 1 !
n 2 !
n 3 !
n 1
n2
n3
= 2e + 4e + e = 7e
Hence Statement-1 is false.
70. Answer (1)
n ( n 1) < n + 1
n 1
n
putting n = 1, 2 ......
1
n
or
1>
1
2
1
3
n 1
1
3
1
n2
...
...
1
n
1
n
1
n
1
n
1
n
Adding
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
n
1
3
1
3
......
......
1
n
1
n
n
n
Algebra
105
71. Answer (1)

Sum = S = a + (a + d) + ...... (a + (n a) d)
...(i)
S = (a + (n 1) d) + ...... + a
...(ii)
Adding both equation

2S = (2a + (n 1) d) + (2a + (n 1) d) + ...... upto n terms
2S = n (2a + (n 1) d)
S=
n
[2a + (n 1) d]
2
72. Answer (2)

n2 n = n(n 1) which is always product of an even integer and an odd integer for all n Z, hence statement-1
and statement-2 both are true but statement-2 is not correct explanation of statement-1.
73. Answer (4)
Because n = 1, in S1
1
L.H.S. = tan1
3
1
R.H.S. = tan1
5
Hence formula is not valid only n = 1
74. Answer (3)

Let
3, 5 and 7 are the pth, qth, and rth terms of an A.P. whose common difference is d, then
tr tp = (r p)d
tq tp = (q p)d
But
tr t p
tq t p
7 3
5 3
r p
q p which is a rational number.
is an irrational number.
75. Answer (4)

(a b ) ( b c ) ( c d )
[(a + b).(b + c).(c + d)]1/3
3
3
9
(a b ).(b c ).(c d )
3
76. Answer (2)
Let x = x1 + 1, x1 0
y = y1 + 1, y1 0
z = z1 + 1, z1 0
Thus x + y + z = x1 + y1 + z1 + 3 = 12
x1 + y1 + z1 = 12 3 = 9
Number of non-negative integral solution =
9+2C
2
11C
2
= 55
Statement - 2 is also true but not a correct explanation of statement 1

106
Algebra
77. Answer (1)

Statement-2 is true
Number of ways to distribute 20 one rupee coins among 3 persons =
20 + 3 1C
31
22C
2
= 231
Hence statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1

78. Answer (2)
When one seat is reserved, then the circular permutation will become linear permutation. Hence 11 engineers
(exclucing the chief engineer) can be seated in 11! ways
Statement-2 is also true but not the correct explanation of statement 1.
79. Answer (3)
A prize can be given to any one of the 10 students in 10 different ways
10 prizes can be given to 10 person by 10 10 10 ...10 times. = 1010 ways
Statement (1) is true but statement is false as number of ways will be nr
80. Answer (4)
He can invite one, two, ... friends in party
The total number of ways he can invite his friends
=
10C
1
10C
2
+ ...+
10C
10
= 210 1 = 1023
Clearly Statement 2 is true

81. Answer (2)
For identical balls, the number of ways is
6 1C
31
= 5C2 = 10
Also for different balls, the number of ways in which 5 different balls can be distributed among 3 boxes so
that no box remains empty.
= 35 3C1 (3 1)5 + 3C2 (3 2)5 3C3 (3 3)5
= 243 96 + 3 = 150
Both statements are true and statement 2 is not a correct explanation of statement (1)
82. Answer (1)
49 k ! . k !
50.51.52...49 k 49 !
=
49 !
49 !
k! =
49 + kC
k
. k!
which is divisible by k !
Clearly statement-2 is also true and explain statement (1)
83. Answer (2)
10!
No. of ways of division of 10 different objects equally in two groups = 2! 5! 5! = 126
10 !
No. of ways of distribution of 10 different objects equally in two persons = 5 ! 5 ! = 252
84. Answer (1)
1800 = 233252
Zero or more 2s can be selected by ( 3 + 1) = 4 ways
Zero or more 3s can be selected by (2 + 1) = 3 ways
Zero or more 5s can be selected by ( 2 + 1) = 3 ways
Each selection will give one divisor of 1800
total no of divisors = 4 3 3 = 36
Clearly statements-2 true and explains statement (1)
84a.
Answer (3)
(AIEEE 2012)
Algebra
107
85. Answer (1)

Number of ways in which 12 balls from unlimited number of black, green, white and yellow balls is selected
= 12 + 4 1C41 = 15C3
also statement-2 is true and correct explanation of statement-1
86. Answer (2)
Number of ways of distribution of 30 mangoes among 6 children equally
=
30 C
5
25C
5
20C
5
15C
5
10C
5
30!
5C5 =
5!6
Statement-2 is also true as in group distribution order has no importance but it doesnt explain
Statement-1
87. Answer (4)
Highest power of 5 in (100) !
100 100 100
=
5 52 53
= 20 + 4 + 0 = 24
Clearly Statement 1 is false and Statement-2 is true
88. Answer (1)
Number of ways of selecting two horizontal lines = 5C2
Number of ways of selecting two vertical lines = 6C2
Total no. of rectangle = 5C2 .6C2 = 150
also Statement - 2 is true correct explanation of Statement-1
89. Answer (1)
There are 12 months (boxes) and 64 persons (objects)
Since 64 = 12 5 + 5
There are at least 6 persons who born in the same months.
Statement-2 is true it explains Statement -1
90. Answer (1)
n
r 1
pr
r! =
r 1
Cr = nC + nC + ...+ nC = 2n 1
1
2
n
Clearly Statement-1 and Statement-2 is true and Statment-2 is correct explanation of Statement-1
91. Answer (1)
nC + n + 1C + n + 2C + ...+ n + kC
n
n
n
n
n
+
1
n
+1
n
+
2
n
+
=
Cn + 1 +
Cn +
Cn + kCn
= n + 2Cn +1 + n + 2Cn + ...+n + kCn
= n + 3Cn + 1 + n + 3Cn + ...+ n + kCn
(as nCn =
n + 1C
n + 1]
=-----------------------=-----------------------=
=
n + kC
n + kC
n +1 +
n
n + k + 1C
n +1
Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true and Statement-2 is correct explanation of Statement-1

108
Algebra
92. Answer (3)

Highest power of 2 is
100 100 100 100 100 100

2 4 8 16 32 64 = 50 + 25 + 12 + 6 + 3 + 1 = 97
100 100 100 100
Highest power of 3 =
= 33 + 11 + 3 + 1 = 48
3 9 27 81
Statement-1 is true and Statement-2 is false.
93. Answer (2)
CIVILIZATION
I occurs 4 times
12!
No of arrangement = 4 !
Statement-2 is true but it is not correct explanation of Statement-1

94. Answer (2)
95. Answer (1)
No of even divisors = 3 3 4 = 36
(for even divisors atleast one, two must be selected)
96. Answer (1)
1.1! + 2 (2!) + 3 (3!) + ...+n (n!)
r 1
r 1
r r ! = r 1 1 r !
n
r 1 ! r ! = (n + 1) ! 1
r 1
Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true and Statement-2 explain statement-1.

97. Answer (2)
Coefficient x16 in the expansion of (x2 2x)10
= Coefficient of x16 in x10 (x 2)10
= Coefficient of x6 in (x 2)10
= 10C6 ( 2)4 = 3360
98. Answer (1)
t 14 = 14th term in the expansion of (3 a)15
= 15C13 (3)1513 ( a)13
=
9 15 14
a 13 = 945a13
2
Algebra
109
99. Answer (4)

Coefficient of 5th term in expansion of (1 + x)15 = 15C4
Coefficient of 11th term in expansion of (1 + x)15 = 15C10
as 15C10 15C4
Hence Statement-1 is false,
Statement-2 is true
100. Answer (3)
2
9
(3 2x)9 = 3 1 x
3
Greatest term in 3 9 1 2 x
3
39
greatest term in 1 x
3
39
greatest term in 1 x
3
Let tr th term is greatest term

9
r 1
2x
= 9Cr 1 2 x
tr of 1
3
3
9
2x
2
= 9Cr x
tr + 1 of 1
3
3
2x
2
= 9Cr 2 x
tr 1 of 1
3
3
Now
t r 1
tr
9
9
Cr
C r 1
r 2
2
x 1
3
at n = 1
9
9
Cr 2
1
C r 1 3
10 r 2
1
r
3
20 2r 3r
r4
...(i)
110
Algebra
also
tr
t r 1
1 =
11 r 2
1
r 1 3
22 2r 3r 3
5r 25
r5
from (i) and (ii)
r = 4 has greatest term
t4 =
2

3
39 9C3
Clearly Statement-1 is true

Statement-2 is false because greatest term depends on coefficient as well as value of x.
101. Answer (1)
2010
th
th
As 2010 is even
1 term is middle term i.e. 1006 term
2
Now t1006 = 2010C1005 x1005

also statement-2 is true and is correct explanation of statement-1
102. Answer (1)
Coefficient of x100 in expansion of (3 5x) (1 x)2
= 3 [coefficient of x100 in (1 x)2] 5 [coefficient of x99 in (1 x)2]
= 3x
2 2 1... 2 100 1 5 2 2 1... 2 99 1

100 !
99 !
= 3 101C2 5 . 100C99
= 303 500 = 197
Clearly Statement-1 is true and Statement-2 is correct explanation.
103. Answer (1)
10
1
2
x 2 2
x
= x20 (x4 + 2x2 + 1)10

= x 20 (1 + x2)20
Clearly, no term in the expansion of x20 (1 + x2)20 has odd power to x
Statement-2 is true and is correct explanation of Statement-1
Algebra
111
104. Answer (1)

11!
a b c
General term in expansion of (x + y + z)11 is a ! b ! c ! x y z , where a + b + c = 11
If a = 10, b = 0, c = 1 or b = 1, c = 0
Coefficient of x10 in expansion of (x + y + z)11 is
11!
11!
0 z1 +
y 1z 0
y
10 ! 0 ! 1!
10 ! 1 ! 0 !
11!
= 10 ! y z
105. Answer (2)
5 2
=I+f
I = integral part
f = fractional part
5 2
5 2
= n C0
20 nC1
n 1
21 ... nCn
n 0 n
n
f ' = C0 5 2 C1 5
n 1
2
0
2 ... n Cn
...(i)
2
0
...(ii)
(i) and (ii)
n
I + f + f = 2 C0
20 n C2
n2
22 ...
I + f + f = an even number
f + f = an integer
...(iii)
Now 0 f < 1
also 0 f < 1
0 f + f < 1
from (iii) and (iv)
f + f = 1
Now I = an even number 1 = an odd number
5 2 = an odd number
Statement-2 is also true but not correct explanation of Statement-1

106. Answer (2)
n
1
2
x 2 2 = x2n (1 + x2)2n
x
The term independent of x

2n !
= coefficient of x2n in (1 + x2)2n = 2nCn = n ! n !
112
Algebra
107. Answer (1)

as 1 + + 2 = 0
1 + = 2
Now 2n (1 + )2n = 2n ( 2)2n = ()6n = 6n = 1 {as 3 = 1}
108. Answer (1)
(1 + x)n = nC0 + nC1x + nC2x2 +...+ nCn xn
...(i)
(1 + x)n = nC0xn + nC1xn1 + nC2 xn 2 + ...+ nCn x0
...(ii)
(i) (ii)
(1 + x)2n =
C
n
2
0
nC12 nC22 ...n Cn2 x n + other term containing x0, x1, ...x2n
Equating both side the coefficient of xn
2nC
n
= C02 + C12 + C22 + ... Cn2
Hence statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1
109. Answer (1)
2nC
1
+ 2nC2 + 2nC3 + ... + 2nCn

=
1 2n
{ C1 + 2nC2 +...+ 2nCn + 2nC1 + 2nC2 +...+ 2nCn}
2
1
= { 2nC1 + 2nC2 +...+ 2nCn + 2nCn + 2nCn 1 +...+ 2nC2 + 2nC1}
2
1
= { 2nC1 + 2nC2 + ... + 2nCn + 2nCn + 1 + ... +
2
1 2n
2 2 2nCn
2
2nC
2n 2
+ 2nC2n
+ 2nCn }
Hence statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1

110. Answer (4)
Statement-1 is false because 2 + 3 + 4 10.
Statement-2 is true.
111. Answer (4)
Statement-1 is false.
Coefficient of x5 in expansion of (1 + x2)5(1 + x)4 is equal to coefficient of x5 in
(1 + 5x2 + 10x4) (1 + 4x + 6x2 + 4x3 + x4)
= 40 + 20 = 60
Statement-2, putting x = y = z = 2
(1 + 2x 3y + 5z)3 = 53 = 125
112. Answer (4)
Statement-1 is false because only square matrix can be uniquely expressed as a sum of a symmetric and
skew symmetric matrix.
Algebra
113
113. Answer (4)

Statement-1 = is false
because for orthogonal matrix A
AA = I
|A| = 1
but |A| = (a3 + b3 + c3 3 abc) = 1
a3 + b3 + c3 3abc = 1
at abc = 1
a3 + b3 + c3 = ( 1) + 3abc
if abc = 1
a3 + b3 + c3 = 4, 2
114. Answer (1)
e is obtained at x = 0
0 1 2
0 0 2
=E
E = 2( 1 0) = 2
115. Answer (4)
The system of the equations is homogeneous hence for infinite solution the determinant of coefficient matrix
becomes zero.
1
1
1 2
1
=0
1 1 1
( 2 + 1) 1 (1 1) + 1 (1 2) = 0
1=0
+ 1 = 0
=1
116. Answer (3)
Statement-2 is false because
a 0 0
0 b 0
and a 0, b 0, c 0
if A =
0 0 c
then A1
a 1 0
0
0 b 1 0
=
0
0 c 1
117. Answer (4)

The necessary condition for orthogonal matrix is
AA = I
...(i)
If |A| = 1, then it may or may not satisfy equation (i)

114
Algebra
118. Answer (1)
1 a
a
b
1 b
c
c
1 c
1
abc
1
a
1
a
Replacing a
1
a
1
b
1 a
1
1
1
1
b
1
1
=1+a+b+c
1
c
1
1
b
=1+a+b+c
1
1
1
c
1
(1 + a + b + c)
abc
1
c
1
1
1 b
1
1
1 c
1 1 1
= abc 1
a b c
1 sin x
1
1
1
1 sin y
1
=
= sinx siny sinz (1 + cosecx + cosecy + cosecz]
1
1
1 sin z
if = 0
cosecx + cosecy + cosecz = 1
119. Answer (1)
AA1 = I
|A A1| = |I |
|A| |A1| = 1
1
|A1| = | A |
120. Answer (1)

A homogeneous system always have the solution and hence it is always consistent.
Algebra
115
121. Answer (1)

For orthogonal matrix
AA = I
...(i)
and for any square matrix AA1 = I
...(ii)
by (i) and (ii)

A = A1
122. Answer (2)
0 x
Statement-1 Let A =
x 0
|A| = x2 perfect square

Statement-2 A = A |A| = ( 1)2n+1 |A|
|A| = |A|
|A| = 0
(using |A| = |A|)
123. Answer (3)

(AB1) = B1A1
if A = B
A2
= A 1
or in general
n 1
= A 1
124. Answer (1)

(AB) = BA is true
for three matrices, A, B and C
(ABC) = CBA
if A = B = C
(A3) = (A)3
or in general
(An) = (A)n
125. Answer (4)
1 0 1
A = 1 1 1
1 0 0
|A| = 1
C11 = 0, C12 = 1, C13 = 1
C21 =0, C22 = 1, C23 = 0
C31 = 1, C32 = 2, C33 = 1
116
Algebra
1 1
0
Cofactor matrix = 0 1 0
1 2 1
0 1
0
adjA = 1 1 2
1 0
1
A1
0 0 1
adjA
=
= 1 1 2
|A|
1 0 1
126. Answer (4)

B = P1AP PB P1= A A2 = (PBP1) = PB2P1 or ingeneral An = PBnP1
Statement 2 is always true
127. Answer (2)
|adj AB| = |(adj B) (adjA)| = |adj B||adj A| = |B|2 |A|2 = 22 . 12 = 4
|adj A| = |A|n1, is always true.
127a. Answer (1)
(AIEEE 2009)
a b
Let A = c d
d
Then adj (A) = c
b
a
|A| = |adj A| = ad bc
a b
Also adj[adj A] = c d = A
Both statements are true statement-2 is not correct explanation of statement-1.

128. Answer (3)
Statement-2 is false when order of matrix is even.


SA 15 16 XII XII Mathematics Unit-1 Section-C

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SA 15 16 XII XII Mathematics Unit-1 Section-C

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90

Success Achiever (Solutions)

Section - C : Assertion - Reason Type

Now, a2 3a2 + a2 (a) i a 3 i a 3 ( a) a ( a) = 0

Success Achiever (Solutions)

For circle |z|2 + (3 4i) z + (3 + 4i) z + 24 = 0, centre of circle is (3 + 4i).

From (i) and (ii),

where, m is a positive integer.

11. Answer (1)

12. Answer (2)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

13. Answer (1)

16. Answer (4)

Now arg of (z) =

18. Answer (3)

19. Answer (3)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

20. Answer (4)

from (i) and (ii)

Clearly, statement-1 is false, but statement-2 is true.

Success Achiever (Solutions)

26. Answer (1)

27. Answer (4)

2 )2 0, roots are real

(sum of coefficient of x 2, x and constant term)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

32. Answer (1)

Atleast one of D1 and D2 is positive. Hence atleast one of equation x 2 px + q = 0 and x 2 rx + s = 0

33. Answer (4)

Clearly, a, b, c has changed to c, b, a. So statement-2 is correct explanation.

a = b + 1 [(b a)2 4b = (b 1)2 ]

Success Achiever (Solutions)

37. Answer (2)

39. Answer (4)

b 2 4ac = 0 and a > 0

q2 4pr = 0 and p > 0

Success Achiever (Solutions)

41. Answer (2)

46. Answer (4)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

(m n)a = d [(n m) (n + m) (n m)] = d(n m) (m + n 1)

But statement-2 is false because

Clearly statement-1 is true

Success Achiever (Solutions)

50. Answer (3)

51. Answer (2)

Now sum of all terms = 1 + 2 + 3 + .... +

Success Achiever (Solutions)

52. Answer (1)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

54. Answer (4)

55. Answer (1)

a + ar, 2ar, ar2 + ar2 is in H.P.

on multiplying (i), (ii) and (iii)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

57. Answer (1)

58. Answer (3)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

62. Answer (4)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

66. Answer (4)

logsin2 x a logsin2 x b a < b

...... is only valid if |x| < 1 or x = 1

sum of the series = 2