Dement & Kleitman Short Questions

(b) Give one difference between REM sleep and NREM

sleep.

The study by Dement &N Kleitman looked at different

aspects of sleep and dreaming.
(a) Outline one of the aims of their study.
(b) What were the results of the study in relation to this aim?

The study by Dement and Kleitman looked at different aspects

of sleep and dreaming.
(a) Outline one of the aims of the study. [2]
(b) What were the results in relation to this aim? [2]

(a) How did Dement and Kleitman test the theory that
dreaming is more likely to occur in REM sleep than NREM sleep?
(b) If the participants slept in their own bed rather than in a
laboratory, what effect might this have on the results?

In the study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and dreaming,

physiological processes were considered. Outline two
problems when studying physiological processes in this study.
[4]

In the study by Dement and Kleitman it is suggested that rapid

eye movements (REM) only occur during dreaming.

Describe the qualitative and quantitative data collected in the

study by Dement and Kleitman. [4]

(a) Give one piece of evidence which supports this statement.

The study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and dreaming

looked at the relationship between eye movement and
estimates of dream duration.

(b) Give one piece of evidence which challenges this

statement.

Results of Dream-Duration Estimates

After 5 or 15 mins of Rapid Eye Movements
The study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and dreaming
looked at a number of different relationships between eye
movements and dreaming. Briefly describe two of the
relationships that were investigated.
Dement & Kleitman studied rapid eye movement (REM)
sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.
(a) How were REM and NREM sleep measured?
(b) Give TWO differences between REM and NREM sleep.

(Refer to the table in the article)

Describe two conclusions that can be drawn from the table
above. [4]
The study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreaming)
involved participants self reports of dreams and the use of
equipment to measure REM and NREM sleep.
(a) Outline one finding about the relationship between sleep
and dreaming. [2]
(b) Give one reason why the conclusions of the study might
not generalise. [2]

The study by Dement & Kleitman on sleep and dreaming was

conducted in a controlled laboratory environment.
Outline two controls which ensured the procedure was the
same for each participant.
From the study by Dement & Kleitman on sleep and
dreaming:

The study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and dreaming

involved gathering both qualitative and quantitative data.
(a) Give an example of the qualitative data that was gathered.
[2]
(b) Give an example of the quantitative data that was
gathered. [2]

(a) Explain how one of the physiological measures was

taken.
(b) Outline one advantage of studying physiological
processes compared to psychological processes.

The study by Dement and Kleitman involved the reporting of

dreams.
(a) Why were some reports not counted? [2]
(b) Why were the participants never informed on awakening
whether or not their eyes had been moving? [2]

From the study by Dement & Kleitman on sleep & dreaming:

From the study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and

dreaming:
(a) Suggest two ways in which the study was true to real life.
[2]

(a) Identify two features of REM sleep.

(b) Suggest two ways in which the study was not true to real
life. [2]
What two generalisations can be made about the cycle of
sleep from the study by Dement and Kleitman? [4]
From the study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and
dreaming:
(a) Outline one way in which the self report method was used.
[2]
(b) Outline one way in which the observation method was
used. [2]

(a) Describe two features of the sample. [2]

(b) Explain one disadvantage of this
sample. [2]
From the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep
and dreaming):
(a) Describe how eye movements were
recorded. [2]
(b) Describe how brain waves were recorded. [2]

In the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreaming) it

is suggested that rapid eye
movements (REM) only occur during dreaming and not
during non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.
(a) Give one piece of evidence which supports this. [2]
(b) Give one piece of evidence which challenges this. [2]
The study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and dreaming
involved an electroencephalogram (EEG).
(a) What did Dement and Kleitman use the
electroencephalogram to measure? [2]
(b) Suggest one advantage of using scientific equipment in
psychological experiments. [2]
From the study by Dement and Kleitman on sleep and
dreaming:
(a) Outline qualitative measures in this study. [2]
(b) Outline one way in which the results of the measures may
not have been valid. [2]
NEW FORMAT
Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreaming) looked at the
relationship between dream content and eye movements.
(a) Describe the dream content of one participant. [2]
(b) What did Dement and Kleitman conclude about the
relationship between dream content and eye movements? [2]
The study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreaming) used
a self report method.
(a) Outline how the self report method was used in this study.
[2]
(b) Describe one problem with self report data in this study.
[2]
The study by Dement and Kleitman looked at several different
relationships between eye
movements and dreaming. Describe two of the relationships
that were investigated. [4]

From the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep

and dreaming):