Giao Trinh PLC

Gio trnh tng hp v bin son Mnh mobile: 0989866423
MC LC
CHNG 1 : I CNG H THNG IU KHIN LP TRNH ..................... 3
1.1. TNG QUAN H THNG IU KHIN: ....................................................... 3
1.1.1. iu khin ni cng v iu khin lp trnh: ............................................... 4
1.1.2. So snh PLC vi cc h thng iu khin khc: .......................................... 7
1.1.3. ng dng ca h thng iu khin PLC: .................................................. 10
1.1.4. Mt s dng sn phm PLC thng dng: ................................................... 10
CHNG 2: CU TRC V PHNG THC HOT NG CA PLC ........... 16
2.1. CU TRC HOT NG V PHNG THC HOT NG CA H
THNG PLC S7-300: ............................................................................................. 16
2.1.1. Modul CPU:................................................................................................ 16
2.1.2. Modul m rng: .......................................................................................... 18
2.1.3. Trao i d liu gia CPU v cc modul m rng:.................................... 22
2.2. NGN NG LP TRNH: ............................................................................... 26
2.2.1. Lp trnh tuyn tnh v lp trnh c cu trc: ............................................ 26
2.2.2. Qui trnh thit k chng trnh iu khin dng PLC: .............................. 27
2.2.3. Cc ngn ng lp trnh: ............................................................................. 29
2.2.4. Cc a ch ng vo/ra: ............................................................................... 30
2.2.5. S dng v khai bo cc dng tn hiu: ..................................................... 31
2.2.6. Cu trc b nh ca S7-300: ...................................................................... 32
2.3. X L CHNG TRNH: .............................................................................. 33
2.3.1.Vng qut ca chng trnh: ...................................................................... 33
2.3.2. Nhng khi OB c bit: ............................................................................ 35
CHNG 3: KT NI PLC VI THIT B NGOI VI ........................................ 38
3.1. KT NI PLC V THIT B NGOI VI ....................................................... 38
3.1.1. Kt ni u vo/ra: ..................................................................................... 38
2.4.2. Kim tra vic ni dy bng phn mm ........................................................ 40
3.2. CI T STEP 7: ............................................................................................. 41
3.2.1. Tng qut v Step 7: ................................................................................... 41
3.2.2. Son tho mt Project. ................................................................................ 45
3.1.3. Np chng trnh v gim st vic thc hin chng trnh....................... 59
CHNG 4: CC PHP TON NH PHN CA PLC ......................................... 62
4.1. CC LCH LIN KT LOGIC: ..................................................................... 62
4.1.1. Hm AND : ................................................................................................ 62
4.1.2. Hm OR:..................................................................................................... 62
4.1.3. Hm NOT: .................................................................................................. 62
4.1.4. Hm XOR: .................................................................................................. 63
4.2. CC LNH GHI/XA GI TR CHO TIP IM ....................................... 63
4.2.1. Lnh xo RESET:....................................................................................... 63
4.2.2. Lnh SET: ................................................................................................. 63
4.2.3. B nh RS: ................................................................................................. 64
4.2.4. B nh SR: ................................................................................................ 64
4.3. B THI GIAN: ............................................................................................... 64
4.3.1. Nguyn l lm vic chung ca b Timer..................................................... 64

4.3.2. Khai bo s dng: ...................................................................................... 66
4.4. B M COUNTER: ...................................................................................... 71
4.4.1. Nguyn l lm vic: .................................................................................... 71
4.4.2. Khai bo s dng: ...................................................................................... 72
4.5. CC BI TP NG DNG: ........................................................................... 74
4.5.1. Thao tc dng cc tip im ca Bit Logic trong lp trnh ........................ 74
4.5.2. Thao tc dng b nh thi gian trong lp trnh ........................................ 76
4.5.3. Thao tc dng b m ln-xung S_CUD .................................................. 76
CHNG 5: CC PHP TON S CA PLC ....................................................... 78
5.1. CHC NNG SO SNH: ................................................................................ 78
5.1.1. Nhm hm so snh s nguyn 16 bit: ....................................................... 78
5.1.2. Nhm hm so snh hai s nguyn 32 bits: ................................................. 78
5.1.3. Nhm hm so snh cc s thc 32 bits ...................................................... 79
5.2. CHC NNG DCH CHUYN D LIU:..................................................... 79
5.3. CHC NNG CHUYN I D LIU :....................................................... 80
5.3.1. Hm chuyn s BCD thnh s s nguyn 16 bits: ..................................... 80
5.3.2. Hm chuyn i s nguyn 16 bits sang dng BCD................................... 80
5.3.3. Hm chuyn i s nguyn 16 bits sang s nguyn 32 bits: ...................... 81
5.3.4. Chuyn i s BCD sang s nguyn 32 bits: .............................................. 81
5.3.5. Hm o gi tr cc bits.. ............................................................................ 82
5.3.6. Cc hm i du : ...................................................................................... 83
5.3.7. Cc hm thc hin chc nng lm trn (i kiu d liu): ....................... 83
5.4. CHC NNG T ON HC:............................................................................ 84
5.4.1. Nhm hm lm vic vi s nguyn 16 bits: ................................................ 85
5.4.2. Nhm hm lm vic vi s nguyn 32 bits: ................................................ 86
5.4.3. Nhm hm lm vic vi s thc: ................................................................ 88
CHNG 6: CC BI TP NG DNG C BN ................................................ 92
6.1. IU KHIN C BN: .................................................................................... 92
6.1.1. Bi tp iu khin my khoan: .................................................................. 92
6.1.2. o chiu ng c: .................................................................................... 93
6.1.3. Chuyn i sao tam gic: ........................................................................... 94
6.2. IU KHIN QU TRNH:............................................................................ 94
6.2.1. iu khin cnh tay ROBOT bc hng ha. .............................................. 94
6.2.2. iu khin cu trc:................................................................................... 96
6.2.3. n giao thng ng t: .............................................................................. 98
6.2.4. M hnh h thng pha trn mu sn......................................................... 99
6.2.5. H thng ng thng sn. ........................................................................ 100
6.2.6. H thng t ng iu khin vo ra. ........................................................ 101

Chng 1 : I CNG H THNG IU KHIN LP TRNH
Mc ch ca chng hc:
- Pht biu cc khi nim v iu khin lp trnh.
- So snh u nhc im ca iu khin lp trnh vi cc hnh thc iu khin khin
khc.
- Trnh by cc ng dng ca PLC trong thc t.
1.1. TNG QUAN H THNG IU KHIN:
Trong cng nghip yu cu t ng ha ngy cng tng, i hi k thut iu khin

phi p ng c nhng yu cu . gii quyt c nhim v iu khin ngi ta
c th thc hin bng hai cch: thc hin bng Rle, khi ng t ... hoc thc hin bng
chng trnh nh. H iu khin bng Rle v h iu khin bng lp trnh c nh khc
nhau phn x l: thay v dng Rle, tip im v dy ni trong phng php lp trnh
c nh chng c thay bng cch mch in t. Nh vy thit b PLC lm nhim v
thay th phn mch in iu khin trong khu x l s liu. Nhim v ca s mch
iu khin s c xc nh bng mt s hu hn cc bc thc hin xc nh gi l
"chng trnh". Chng trnh ny m t cc bc thc hin gi l tin trnh iu khin,
tin trnh ny c lu vo b nh nn c gi l "iu khin lp trnh c nh". Trn c
s khc nhau ca khu x l s liu ta c th biu din hai h iu khin nh sau:
Cc bc thit lp s iu khin bng Rle:
Xc nh nhim v iu khin
S mch in
Chn phn t mch in
Ni dy lin kt cc phn t
Kim tra chc nng
Hnh 1-1: Lu iu khin dng Rle

Cc bc thit lp s iu khin bng PLC:
Hnh 1-2: Lu iu khin bng PLC

Khi thay i nhim v iu khin ngi ta cn thay i mch iu khin bng cch
lp li mch, thay i phn t mi i vi h thng iu khin bng Rle in. Trong khi
khi thay i nhim v iu khin ta ch cn thay i chng trnh son tho i vi h
iu khin bng lp trnh c nh.
Nh vy mt cch tng qut c th ni h thng iu khin PLC l tp hp cc thit b
v linh kin in t. m bo tnh n nh, chnh xc v an ton.. trong qu trnh sn
xut, cc thit b ny bao gm nhiu chng loi, hnh dng khc nhau vi cng sut t rt
nh n rt ln. Do tc pht trin qu nhanh ca cng ngh v p ng c cc
yu cu iu khin phc tp nn h thng iu khin phi c h thng t ng ha cao.
Yu cu ny c th thc hin c bng h lp trnh c nh PLC kt hp vi my tnh,
ngoi ra cn cn c cc thit b ngoi vi khc nh: Bng iu khin, ng c, cm bin,
tip im, cng tc t,...
1.1.1. iu khin ni cng v iu khin lp trnh:
S khc nhau gia h iu khin bng Rle in v lp trnh c nh c th minh ho
bng mt v d sau:
iu khin h thng 3 my bm nc qua 3 cp khi ng t K1, K2, K3. Trnh t
iu khin nh sau: Cc my bm hot ng tun t ngha l K1 ng trc tip n l
K2 ri cui cng l K3 ng.
thc hin nhim v theo yu cu trn mch iu khin ta thit k nh sau:
Trong cc nt n S1, S2, S3, S4 l cc phn t nhp tn hiu.
Cc tip im K1, K2, K3 v cc mi lin kt l cc phn x l.
Cc khi ng t K1, K2, K3 l kt qu x l.
Hnh 1-3: S iu khin bng Rle

Nu ta thay bng thit b iu khin PLC ta c th m t nh sau:
- Tn hiu vo: S1, S2, S3, S4 vn gi nguyn.
- Tn hiu ra: K1, K2, K3 l cc khi ng t vn gi nguyn.
- Phn t x l: c thay th bng PLC.
Hnh 1-4: S iu khin thay th bng PLC

Khi thc hin bng chng trnh iu khin c nh PLC ta ch cn thc hin ni mch
theo s sau:
Hnh 1-5: S ni dy thc hin bng PLC

Nu by gi nhim v iu khin thay i v d nh cc bm 1, 2, 3 hot ng theo
nguyn tc l ch mt trong s cc bm c hot ng c lp. Nh vy i vi mch
iu khin dng Rle ta phi tin hnh lp ghp li ton b mch iu khin, trong khi
i vi mch iu khin dng PLC th ta li ch cn son tho li chng trnh ri np li
vo CPU th ta s c ngay mt s iu khin theo yu cu nhim v mi m khng
cn phi ni li dy trn mch iu khin.
Nh vy mt cch tng qut c th ni h thng iu khin PLC l tp hp cc thit b
v linh kin in t. m bo tnh n nh, chnh xc v an ton.. trong qu trnh sn
xut, cc thit b ny bao gm nhiu chng loi, hnh dng khc nhau vi cng sut t rt
nh n rt ln. Do tc pht trin qu nhanh ca cng ngh v p ng c cc
yu cu iu khin phc tp nn h thng iu khin phi c h thng t ng ha cao.
Yu cu ny c th thc hin c bng h lp trnh c nh PLC kt hp vi my tnh,
ngoi ra cn cn c cc thit b ngoi vi khc nh: Bng iu khin, ng c, cm bin,
tip im, cng tc t,...
Mi mt thnh phn trong h thng iu khin c mt vai tr quan trng c trnh
by nh trong hnh v sau:
Hnh 1-6: M hnh h thng iu khin PLC

Kh nng truyn d liu trong h thng rt rng thch hp cho h thng x l v cng
rt linh ng trong cc h thng phn phi .
H thng PLC s khng cm nhn c th gii bn ngoi nu khng c cc cm
bin, v cng khng th iu khin c h thng sn xut nu khng c cc ng c, xy
lanh hay cc thit b ngoi vi khc nu cn thit c th s dng cc my tnh ch ti cc
v tr c bit ca dy chuyn sn xut.
1.1.2. So snh PLC vi cc h thng iu khin khc:
a. H thng iu khin PLC in hnh:
Trong h thng iu khin PLC cc phn t nhp tn hiu nh : chuyn mch, nt n,

cm bin, ... c ni vi u vo ca thit b PLC. Cc phn t chp hnh nh : n
bo, r le, cng tc t,... c ni n li ra ca PLC ti cc u ni.
Chng trnh iu khin PLC c son tho di cc dng c bn (s c trnh by
phn sau) s c np vo b nh bn trong PLC, sau t ng thc hin tun t theo
mt chui lnh iu khin c xc nh trc .
H cn cho php cng nhn vn hnh thao tc bng tay cc tip im, nt dng khn
cp m bo tnh an ton trong cc trng hp xy ra s c.
b.Vai tr ca PLC:
PLC c xem nh tri tim trong mt h thng iu khin t ng n l vi chng

trnh iu khin c cha trong b nh ca PLC, PC thng xuyn kim tra trng thi
ca h thng thng qua cc tn hiu hi tip t thit b nhp t c th a ra nhng

tn hiu iu khin tng ng n cc thit b xut.
PLC c th c s dng cho nhng yu cu iu khin n gin v c lp i lp
li theo chu k, hoc lin kt vi my tnh ch khc hoc my tnh ch thng qua mt
kiu h thng mng truyn thng thc hin cc qu trnh x l phc tp.
Tn hiu vo: Mc thng minh ca mt h thng iu khin ph thuc ch yu vo
kh nng ca PLC c c cc d liu khc nhau t cc cm bin cng nh bng cc
thit b nhp bnh tay .
Tiu biu cho cc thit b nhp bng tay nh : Nt n, bn phm v chuyn mch. Mt
khc, o, kim tra chuyn ng, p sut, lu lng cht lng ... PLC phi nhn cc tn
hiu t cc cm bin. V d : Tip im hnh trnh, cm bin quang in ... tn hiu a
vo PLC c th l tn hiu s (Digital) hoc tn hiu tng t (Analog), cc tn hiu ny
c giao tip vi PLC thng qua cc Modul nhn tn hiu vo khc nhau DI (vo s)
hoc AI (vo tng t)....
i tng iu khin: Mt h thng iu khin s khng c ngha thc t nu
khng giao tip c vi thit b xut, cc thit b xut thng dng nh: Mt, van, Rle,
n bo, chung in,... cng ging nh thit b nhp, cc thit bi xut c ni n cc
ng ra ca Modul ra (Output). Cc Modul ra ny c th l DO (Ra s) hoc AO (ra tng
t).
c. Cu to PLC:
Thit b iu khin lp trnh PLC bao gm khi x l trung tm (CPU) trong c

cha chng trnh iu khin v cc Modul giao tip vo/ra c nhim v lin kt trc
tip n cc thit b vo/ra, s khi cu to PLC c v nh hnh 1-6.
Khi x l trung tm : l mt vi x l iu khin tt c cc hot ng ca PLC nh:
Thc hin chng trnh, x l vo/ra v truyn thng vi cc thit b bn ngoi.
B nh: c nhiu cc b nh khc nhau dng cha chng trnh h thng l mt
phn mm iu khin cc hot ng ca h thng, s LAD, tr s ca Timer, Counter
c cha trong vng nh ng dng, ty theo yu cu ca ngi dng c th chn cc b
nh khc nhau:
- B nh ROM: l loi b nh khng thay i c, b nh ny ch np c mt ln
nn t c s dng ph bin nh cc loi b nh khc .
- B nh RAM: l loi b nh c th thay i c v dng cha cc chng trnh
ng dng cng nh d liu, d liu cha trong Ram s b mt khi mt in. Tuy nhin,

iu ny c th khc phc bng cch dng Pin.
- B nh EPROM: Ging nh ROM, ngun nui cho EPROM khng cn dng Pin,
tuy nhin ni dung cha trong n c th xo bng cch chiu tia cc tm vo mt ca s
nh trn EPROM v sau np li ni dung bng my np.
- B nh EEPROM: kt hp hai u im ca RAM v EPROM, loi ny c th xa v
np bng tn hiu in. Tuy nhin s ln np cng c gii hn.
d .u nhc im ca h thng:
Trong giai on u ca thi k pht trin cng nghip vo khong nm 1960 v

1970, yu cu t ng ca h iu khin c thc hin bng cc Rle in t ni ni
vi nhau bng dy dn in trong bng iu khin, trong nhiu trng hp bng iu
khin c kch thc qu ln n ni khng th gn ton b ln trn tng v cc dy ni
cng khng hon ton tt v th rt thng xy ra cc sai hng trong h thng. Mt yu t
na l do thi gian lm vic ca cc Rle c gii hn nn khi cn thay th th ton b h
thng v dy ni cng phi thay mi cho ph hp, bng iu khin ch dng cho mt yu
cu ring bit khng th thay i tc thi chc nng khc m phi lp gip li ton b, v
trong trng hp bo tr cng nh sa cha cn i hi th chuyn mn c tay ngh cao.
Tm li h iu khin Rle hon ton khng linh ng.
* Tm tt nhc im ca h thng iu khin dng Rle:
- Tn km rt nhiu dy dn .
- Thay th rt phc tp.
- Cn cng nhn sa cha tay ngh cao.
- Cng sut tiu th ln .
- Thi gian sa cha lu.
- Kh cp nht s nn gy kh khn cho cng tc bo tr cng nh thay th.
* u im ca h iu khin PLC:
S ra i ca h iu khin PLC lm thay i hn h thng iu khin cng nh
cc quan nim thit k v chng, h iu khin dng PLC c nhiu u im nh sau:
- Gim 80% S lng dy ni.
- Cng sut tiu th ca PLC rt thp .
- C chc nng t chun on do gip cho cng tc sa cha c nhanh chng v
d dng.
- Chc nng iu khin thay i d dng bng thit b lp trnh (my tnh, mn hnh)

m khng cn thay i phn cng nu khng c yu cu thm bt cc thit b xut nhp.
- S lng Rle v Timer t hn nhiu so vi h iu khin c in.
- S lng tip im trong chng trnh s dng khng hn ch.
- Thi gian hon thnh mt chu trnh iu khin rt nhanh (vi mS) dn n tng cao
tc sn xut .
- Chi ph lp t thp .
- tin cy cao.
- Chng trnh iu khin c th in ra giy ch trong vi pht gip thun tin cho vn
bo tr v sa cha h thng.
1.1.3. ng dng ca h thng iu khin PLC:
T cc u im nu trn, hin nay PLC c ng dng trong rt nhiu lnh vc
khc nhau trong cng nghip nh:
- H thng nng vn chuyn.
- Dy chuyn ng gi.
- Cc ROBOT lp gip sn phm .
- iu khin bm.
- Sn xut xi mng.
- Dy chuyn lp gip Tivi.
- iu khin h thng n giao thng.
- Qun l t ng bi u xe.
- Dy truyn may cng nghip.
- iu khin thang my.
- Dy chuyn sn xut xe t.
1.1.4. Mt s dng sn phm PLC thng dng:
a. V hnh dng:
C hai kiu c cu thng dng vi cc h thng PLC l kiu hp n v kiu modul

ni ghp.
Kiu hp n thng c s dng cho cc thit b iu khin lp trnh c nh v
c cung cp di dng nguyn chic hon chnh.
Kiu modul ghp ni: Gm nhiu modul ring cho b ngun, CPU, cng vo/ra....
c lp trn thanh ray. Kiu ny c th s dng cho cc thit b lp trnh mi kch c.
b. V cc hng sn xut v cc dng sn phm:
10

Cng ging nh cc thit b in t khc PLC c sn xut bi nhiu hng, tp on
cng nghip in t ln nh: Mitsubishi, Omron, Siemens, Telemecanique vv
Do m cc sn phm PLC c hnh dng, phn mm, cp kt ni cng khc nhau.
Mt s hnh nh PLC cc hng:
Hnh 1-7: Hnh PLC ca hng OMRON
Hnh 1-8: Hnh PLC ca hng Mitsubishi
11
Hnh 1-9: Hnh PLC ca hng Siemens

c. V kch thc:
u tin l kh nng v gi tr cng nh nhu cu v h thng s gip ngi s dng

chn nhng loi PLC no m h cn. Nhu cu v h thng c xem nh l mt nhu cu
u tin, n gip ngi s dng bit cn loi PLC no v c trng ca tng loi d
dng la chn.
Hnh 1- 10: Phn loi PLC
Hnh 1.6 cho ta cc bc thang phn loi cc loi PLC v vic s dng PLC cho
ph hp vi cc h thng thc t sn xut. Trong hnh ny ta c th nhn thy nhng
vng chng ln nhau, nhng vng ny ngi s dng thng phi s dng cc loi
PLC c bit nh: s lng cng vo/ra (I/O) c th s dng vng c s I/O thp
12

nhng li c cc tnh nng c bit ca cc PLC vng c s lng I/O cao. Thng s
dng cc loi PLC thuc vng chng ln nhm tng tnh nng ca PLC ng thi li
gim thiu s lng I/O khng cn thit.
Cc nh thit k phn PLC ra thnh cc loi sau:
Loi 1: Micro PLC (PLC siu nh).
Micro PLC thng c ng dng trong cc dy chuyn sn xut nh, cc ng dng
trc tip trong tng thit b n l (v d: iu khin bng ti nh. Cc PLC ny thng
c lp trnh bng cc b lp trnh cm tay, mt vi micro PLC cn c kh nng hot
ng vi tn hiu I/O tng t (analog). Cc tiu chuu ca mt Micro PLC nh sau:
32 ng vo/ra.
S dng vi x l 8 bit.
Thng dng thay th rle.
B nh c dung lng 1K.
Ng vo/ra l tn hiu s.
C timers v counters.
Thng c lp trnh bng cc b lp trnh cm tay.
Loi 2: PLC c nh (Small PLC)
Small PLC thng c dng trong vic iu khin cc h thng nh (v d: iu
khin ng c, dy chuyn sn xut nh), chc nng ca cc PLC ny thng c gii
hn trong vic thc hin chui cc mc logic, iu khin thay th rle. Cc tiu chun
ca mt small PLC nh sau:
C 128 ng vo/ra (I/O).
Dng vi x l 8 bit.
Thng dng thay th cc role.
Dng b nh 2K.
Lp trnh bng ngn ng dng hnh thang (ladder) hoc lit k.
C timers/counters/thanh ghi dch (shift registers).
ng h thi gian thc.
Thng c lp trnh bng b lp trnh cm tay.
Ch vng A trong s hnh 1.6. y dng PLC nh vi cc chc nng tng cng
ca PLC c ln hn nh: thc hin c cc thut ton c bn, c th ni mng, cng
vo ra c th s dng tn hiu tng t.
13

Loi 3: PLC c trung bnh (Medium PLC)
PLC trung bnh iu khin c cc tn hiu tng t, xut nhp d liu, ng dng
c nhng thut ton, thay i c cc c tnh ca PLC nh vo hot ng ca phn
cng v phn mm (nht l phn mm) cc thng s ca PLC trung bnh nh sau:
C khong 1024 ng vo/ra (I/O).
Dng vi x l 8 bit.
Thay th rle v iu khin c tn hiu tng t.
B nh 4K, c th nng ln 8K.
Tn hiu ng vo ra l tng t hoc s.
C cc lnh dng khi v ngn ng lp trnh l ngn ng cp cao.
C timers/Counters/Shift Register.
C kh nng x l chng trnh con (qua lnh JUMP).
C cc lnh dng khi v ngn ng lp trnh l ngn ng cp cao.
C timers/counters/Shift Register.
C kh nng x l chng trnh con ( qua lnh JUMP).
Thc hin cc thut ton (cng, tr, nhn, chia).
Gii hn d liu vi b lp trnh cm tay.
C ng tn hiu c bit module vo/ra.
Giao tip vi cc thit b khc qua cng RS232.
C kh nng hot ng vi mng.
Lp trnh qua mn hnh my tnh d quan st.
Loi 4: PLC c ln (large PLC).
Large PLC c s dng rng ri hn do c kh nng hot ng hu hiu, c th
nhn d liu, bo nhng d liu nhn Phn mm cho thit b iu khin cm tay
c pht trin mnh hn to thun li cho ngi s dng. Tiu chun PLC c ln:
Ngoi cc tiu chun nh PLC c trung, PLC c ln cn c thm cc tiu chun sau:
C 2048 cng vo/ra (I/O).
Dng vi x l 8 bit hoc 16 bit.
B nh c bn c dung lng 12K, m rng ln c 32K.
Local v remote I/O.
iu khin h thng rle (MCR: Master Control Relay).
Chui lnh, cho php ngt (Interrupts).
14

PID hoc lm vic vi h thng phn mm PID.
Hai hoc nhiu hn cng giao tip RS 232.
Ni mng.
D liu iu khin m rng, so snh, chuyn i d liu, chc nng gii thut ton
m iu khin m rng (m nh phn, hexa ).
C kh nng giao tip gia my tnh v cc module.
Loi 5: PLC rt ln (very large PLC)
Very large PLC c dng trong cc ng dng i hi s phc tp v chnh xc
cao, ng thi dung lng chng trnh ln. Ngoi ra PLC loi ny cn c th giao tip
I/O vi cc chc nng c bit, tiu chun PLC loi ny ngoi cc chc nng nh PLC
loi ln cn c thm cc chc nng:
C 8192 cng vo/ra (I/O).
Dng vi x l 16 bit hoc 32 bt.
B nh 64K, m rng ln c 1M.
Thut ton :+, -, *, /, bnh phng.
D liu iu khin m rng: Bng m ASCII, LIFO, FIFO.
- Bi tp ca chng hc:
Bi tp 1: Theo bn trc khi PLC ra i iu khin hot ng ca my mc thit b
trong nh my ngi ta dng phng php iu khin g?
a. iu khin ni cng
b. iu khin mm
Bi tp 2: PLC l g?
1. Thit b in t c tn l PLC vit tt ca t Programmable logic controller.
2. Thit b in t bn t ng
3. Tn vit tt ca t Program logic control
Bi tp 3: Theo bn th nhng u im ni bt nht ca PLC l g?
Bi tp 4: Bn hy ch ra u l thit b u vo, thit b u ra trong danh sch di y.
1. nt nhn
3. cng tc
5. r le
7. Cm bin
2. bng n
4. ng c
6. bm
8. Van in t
Input device:Output device: ..
15

Chng 2: CU TRC V PHNG THC HOT NG CA PLC
Ni dung ca chng hc:
- Pht biu cu trc ca mt PLC.

- Trnh by phng thc hot ng.
- Trnh by ngn ng lp trnh.
2.1. CU TRC HOT NG V PHNG THC HOT NG CA H THNG
PLC S7-300:
Thng thng, tng tnh mm do trong ng dng thc t m phn ln cc i

tng iu khin c s tn hiu u vo, u ra cng nh chng loi tn hiu vo/ra khc
nhau m cc b iu khin PLC c thit k khng b cng ho v cu hnh. Chng
c chia nh thnh cc modul. S cc Modul c s dng nhiu hay t tu theo tng
yu cu cng ngh, song ti thiu bao gi cng phi c mt Modul chnh l cc modul
CPU, cc modul cn li l cc modul truyn nhn tn hiu i vi i tng iu khin,
cc modul chc nng chuyn dng nh PID, iu khin ng c, Chng c gi chung
l Modul m rng. Tt c cc modul c g trn nhng thanh ray (RACK).
Hnh 2-1: Cu trc phn cng ca h thng PLC S7-300

2.1.1. Modul CPU:
L loi module cha b vi x l, h iu hnh, b nh, b nh thi, b m, cng
truyn thng, v c th c mt vi cng vo/ra (cc cng vo ra onboard).
Trong PLC S7-300 c nhiu loi modul CPU khc nhau. Ni chung chng c t
tn theo b vi x l c trong n nh: CPU312, modul CPU 314, Modul CPU 315,...
Nhng modul cng s dng mt loi b vi x l, nhng khc nhau v cng vo/ra
16

onboard cng nh cc khi lm vic c bit c tch hp sn trong th vin ca h
iu hnh phc v vic s dng cc cng vo/ra onboard ny s c phn bit vi nhau
trong tn gi bng cch thm cm ch ci IFM (Intergated Function Module) v d CPU
312IFM, 314IFM khng c th nh. Loi 312IFM, 313 khng c pin nui. Loi 3152DP, 316-2DP, 318-2 c cng truyn thng DP.
Ngoi ra c cc loi modul CPU vi hai cng truyn thng: Thng qua cng truyn
thng MPI (MultiPoint Interface) c th ni : my tnh lp trnh, mn hnh OP (Operator
panel) , cc PLC c cng MPI (S7-300, M7-300, S7-400, M7-400, C7-6xx), S7-200, vn
tc truyn n 187.5kbps (12Mbps vi CPU 318-2, 10.2 kbps vi S7-200) . Cng
Profibus DP ni cc thit b trn theo mng Profibus vi vn tc truyn ln n 12Mbps.
Hnh 2-2: Modul CPU

- Cc n bo c ngha sau:
SF ... () ... li phn cng hay mm,
BATF ... () ... li pin nui,
DC5V ... (l cy) ... ngun 5V bnh thng,
FRCE ... (vng ) ... force request tch cc
17

RUN ... (l cy) ... CPU mode RUN ; LED chp lc start-up w. 1 Hz; mode
HALT w. 0.5 Hz
STOP mode ... (vng) ... CPU mode STOP hay HALT hay start-up; LED chp
khi memory reset request
BUSF ... () ... li phn cng hay phn mm giao din PROFIBUS
- Kha mode c 4 v tr:
RUN-P: ch lp trnh v chy
RUN:
ch chy chng trnh
STOP:
ngng chy chng trnh
MRES: reset b nh
Th nh c th c dung lng t 16KB n 4MB, cha chng trnh t PLC chuyn
qua v chuyn chng trnh ngc tr li cho CPU.
Pin nui gip nui chng trnh v d liu khi b mt ngun (ti a 1 nm) v nui
ng h vi thi gian thc. Vi loi CPU khng c pin nui thi cng c mt phn vng
nh c duy tr.
2.1.2. Modul m rng:
Cc modul m rng c chia lm 5 loi chnh:
Hnh 2-3: S b tr mt trm PLC( S7-300).

a. Modul PS (Power supply): modul ngun nui. C 3 loi 2A ,5A v 10A.
Ngi s dng cn nm r s lng u vo v u ra bo m thit b c cp

in mt cch chnh xc. Mi modul khc nhau th kh nng s dng in khc nhau.
Ngun in cung cp ny khng c dng khi ng cho cc thit b kt ni pha bn
ngoi ti ng vo, hoc ng ra. Ngi s dng phi cp in cho cc thit b ti u vo
hoc u ra phi c tin hnh mt cch ring bit. C nh vy mi bo m c rng
nhng nh hng ca cc thit b my mc dng trong cng nghip khng gy h hi cho
b iu khin PLC. i vi mt s b iu khin PLC loi nh, chng cp ngun cho cc
18

thit b kt ni ti ng vo bng in p c ly t mt ngun nh c tch hp vo
b iu khin PLC.
b. Modul SM: Modul m rng cng rn hiu vo ra , bao gm:
+ DI (Digital input): Modul m rng cng vo s. S cc cng vo ca modul ny

c th l 8, 16, 32 tu thuc vo tng loi modul:
-
SM 321; DI 32 _ 24 VDC
SM 321; DI 16 _ 24 VDC
SM 321; DI 16 _ 120 VAC, 4*4 nhm
SM 321; DI 8 _ 120/230 VAC, 2*4 nhm
SM 321; DI 32 _ 120 VAC 8*4 nhm
+ DO (Digital output): Modul m rng cng ra s. S cc cng ra ca modul ny c

th l 8, 16, 32 tu thuc vo tng loi modul;
-
SM 322; DO 32 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*4 nhm
SM 322; DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*2 nhm
SM 322; DO 8 _ 24 VDC/2 A, 4*2 nhm
SM 322; DO 16 _ 120 VAC/1 A, 8*2 nhm
SM 322; DO 8 _ 120/230 VAC/2 A, 4*2 nhm
SM 322; DO 32_ 120 VAC/1.0 A, 8*4 nhm
SM 322; DO 16 _ 120 VAC ReLay, 8*2 nhm
SM 322; DO 8 _ 230 VAC Relay, 4*2 nhm
SM 322; DO 8 _ 230 VAC/5A Relay,1*8 nhm
+ DI/DO (Digital input/ Digital output): Modul m rng cc cng vo/ra s s cc

cng vo/ra c th l 8 vo/8 ra hoc 16 vo/16 ra tu thuc vo tng loi modul.
-
SM 323; DI 16/DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A
SM 323; DI 8/DO 8 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A
+ AI (Analog Input): Modul m rng cc cng vo tng t.

Module analog in c nhiu ng vo, dng o in p, dng in, in tr ba dy,
bn dy, nhit . C nhiu tm o, phn gii, thi gian chuyn i khc nhau. Ci t
thng s hot ng cho module bng phn mm S7- Simatic 300 Station Hardware
v/hoc chng trnh ngi dng s dng hm SFC 55, 56, 57 ph hp (xem mc )
v/hoc ci t nh modulle tm o (measuring range module) gn trn module SM.
Kt qu chuyn i l s nh phn ph hai vi bit MSB l bit du.
19

V bn cht chng chnh l nhng b chuyn i tng t-s (AD), tc l mi tn
hiu tng t c chuyn thnh mt tn hiu s (nguyn ) c di 12 bt, s cc cng
vo c th l 2, 4 hoc 8 tu thuc vo tng loi Modul.
+ AO (Analog ouput): Modul m rng cc cng ra tn hiu tng t. Chng chnh l
cc b chuyn i s - tng t (DA). S cc cng ra tng t c th l 2 hoc 4 tu
thuc tng loi modul:
Cung cp p hay dng ph thuc s nh phn ph hai
- SM332 AO 4*12 bit: 4 ng ra dng hay p phn gii 12 bit, thi gian chuyn
i 0.8 ms;
- SM332 AO 2*12 bit;
- SM332 AO 4*16 bit
+ AI/AO (Analog input/Analog output): Modul m rng cc cng vo ra tng t. S
cc cng c th l 4 vo/2 ra hoc 4 vo/4 ra tu thuc vo tng loi modul:
- SM 334; AI 4/AO 2 * 8 Bit
- SM334; AI 4/AO 2* 12 Bit
c. FM (Function modul): modul c chc nng iu khin ring:
- FM350-1 : m xung mt knh

- FM350-2 : m xung tm knh
- FM351, 353, 354, 357-2 : iu khin nh v
- FM352: b iu khin cam in t
- FM355: b iu khin h kn
d. IM (Interface module): Modul ghp ni. y l loi modul chuyn dng c nhim v ni
tng nhm cc modul m rng li vi nhau thnh mt khi v c qun l chung bi

mt modul CPU. Thng thng cc modul m rng c g lin vi nhau trn mt thanh
gi l Rack. Module IM360 gn rack 0 k CPU dng ghp ni vi module IM361
t cc rack 1, 2, 3 gip kt ni cc module m rng vi CPU khi s module ln hn 8.
Cp ni gia hai rack l loi 368. Trong trng hp ch c hai rack, ta dng loi IM365.
20
Hnh 2-4: Modul ghp ni IM360 v IM361
Hnh 2-5: Thanh Rack
e. CP (communication modul): Modul phc v truyn thng trong mng gia cc PLC vi
nhau hoc gia PLC vi my tnh.
21
Hnh 2-6: S tng qut ca mt trm PLC S7-300

2.1.3. Trao i d liu gia CPU v cc modul m rng:
Trong mt trm PLC lun c s trao i d liu gia CPU v cc module m rng
thng qua bus ni b. Ngay ti u vng qut, cc d liu ti cng vo cc module s
(DI) c CPU chuyn n b m vo s. Cui mi vng qut, ni dung ca b m ra
s li c CPU chuyn ti cc module ra s (DO). S thay i ni dung ca hai b m
ny c thc hin bi chng trnh ng dng.
S truy nhp cng vo/ra tng t c CPU thc hin trc tip vi module m rng
(AI/AO). Nguyn nhn l do c th v t chc b nh v phn chia a ch ca S7-300,
tc l ch c cc module s mi c b m cn cc module tng t th khng (chng ch
c cung cp a ch truy cp).
a. Mng Truyn Thng Bus:
+ MPI (Multipoint Interface): Mng MPI c dng mc field v cell vi

s lng t. MPI l giao din nhiu im trong h thng SIMATIC S7/M7 v C7. Mng
MPI dng cho nhng mng vi s lng nh CPU v trao i d liu t.
22
Hnh 2-7: Truyn thng gia my tnh, PLC v c cu chp hnh
Hnh 2-8: S kt ni mng MPI
23

+ PROFILBUSDP: CPU 315-2DP, CPU 313C2DP, CPU 314C-2DP
PROFIBUS (PROcess Field BUS): l mng dng mc cell v field trong h
thng truyn thng SIMATIC. C hai loi PROFIBUS:
PROFIBUS DP: truyn thng tc cao vi khi lng d liu nh.
PROFIBUS (cell level): truyn c khi lng d liu ln
Hnh 2-9: S kt ni mng PROFIBUS

b. Mng Module:
+ AS-Interface (Actuator/Sensor Interface) - Giao din c cu chp hnh v cm

bin: l mt mng cho mc thp nht trong h thng t ng. N c bit c thit
k cho vic kt ni gia cm bin v c cu chp hnh. Khi lng d liu gii hn n 4
bits trn trm con (Slave).
Hnh 2-10: M hnh mt mng AS-I cng nghip
24

+ Point-to-Point Link (Kt ni im sang im):
y khng phi l mt mng thc s m n ch lin kt im-im gia hai b x
l truyn thng khi m hai trm c kt ni.
Hnh 2-11: S kt ni mng P-to-P Link

+ Industrial Ethernet:
L mng dng mc management v cell trong h thng truyn thng
SIMATIC multi-vendor. Mng Industrial Ethernet thch hp vi vic truyn d liu vi
khi lng ln v tng i d dng gia mt mt cng ny v mt cng khc.
Hnh 2-12: S kt ni mng Industrial Ethernet cng nghip
25

2.2. NGN NG LP TRNH:
2.2.1. Lp trnh tuyn tnh v lp trnh c cu trc:

Phn b nh ca CPU dnh cho chng trnh ng dng c tn gi l logic Block. Nh
vy logic block l tn chung gi tt c cc khi bao gm nhng khi chng trnh t
chc OB, khi chng trnh FC, khi hm FB. Trong cc loi khi chng trnh th
ch c khi duy nht khi OB1 c thc hin trc tip theo vng qut. N c h iu
hnh gi theo chu k lp vi khng thi gian khng cch u nhau m ph thuc vo
di ca chng trnh. Cc loi khi chng trnh khc khng tham gia vo vng qut.
Vi t chc chng trnh nh vy th phn chng trnh trong khi OB1 c y
iu kin ca mt chng trnh iu khin thi gian thc v ton b chng trnh ng
dng c th ch cn vit trong OB1 l nh hnh v sau. Cch t chc chng trnh vi
ch mt khi OB1 duy nht nh vy c gi l lp trnh tuyn tnh.
Hnh 2-13: S khi kiu lp trnh tuyn tnh

Khi OB1 c h thng gi xoay vng lin tc theo vng qut.
Cc khi OB khc khng tham gia vo vng qut c gi bng nhng tn hiu bo
ngt. S7-300 c nhiu tn hiu bo ngt nh tn hiu bo ngt khi c s c ngun nui, c
s c chp mch cc modul m rng, tn hiu bo ngt theo chu k thi gian, v mi
loi tn hiu bo ngt nh vy cng ch c kh nng gi mt khi OB nht nh. V d tn
hiu bo ngt s c ngun nui ch gi khi OB81, tn hiu bo ngt truyn thng ch gi
khi OB87.
Mi khi xut hin tn hiu bo ngt h thng s dng cng vic ang thc hin li,
chng hn nh tm dng vic thc hin chng trnh trong OB1, v chuyn sang thc
hin chng trnh x l ngt tong cc khi OB tng ng. V d khi ang thc hin
chng trnh trong khi OB1 m xut hin ngt bo s c truyn thng, h thng s tm
dng vic thc hin chng trnh trong OB1 li gi chng trnh trong khi truyn
26

thng OB87. Ch sau khi thc hin xong chng trnh trong khi OB87 th h thng
mi quay tr v hc hin tip tc phn chng trnh cn li trong OB1.
Vi kiu lp trnh c cu trc th khc v ton b chng trnh iu khin c chia
nh thnh cc khi FC v FB mang mt nhim v c th ring v c qun l chung bi
nhng khi OB. Kiu lp trnh ny rt ph hp cho nhng bi ton phc tp, nhiu nhim
v v li rt thun li cho vic sa cha sau ny.
Hnh 2-14: S kiu lp trnh c cu trc.

OB: Organization Block
FB: Function Block
FC: Function
SFB: System Function block
SFC: System function
SDB: System Data Block
DB: Data block
Ch : Bao gi FB cng s dng chung vi DB.
2.2.2. Qui trnh thit k chng trnh iu khin dng PLC:
Qui trnh thit k h thng iu khin dng PLC bao gm cc bc sau:
a. Xc nh qui trnh iu khin:
iu u tin cn bit l i tng iu khin ca h thng, mc ch cnh ca PLC l

phi iu khin c cc thit b ngoi vi. Cc chuyn ng ca i tng iu khin
c kim tra thng xuyn bi cc thit b vo, cc thit b ny gi tn hiu n PLC v
tip theo PLC s a tn hiu iu khin n cc thit b iu khin chuyn ng
ca i tng. n gin, qui trnh iu khin c th m t theo lu
Qui trnh thit k h thng iu khin bng PLC:
27

Xc nh yu cu
ca h thng
Kt ni cc thit b
I/O vo PLC
V lu
iu khin
Kim tra dy ni
Chy th
chng trnh
Lit kcc thit b I/O

tng ng vi cc
u I/O ca PLC
Son tho
chng trnh
Kim tra
Np chng trnh
vo PLC
NO
Chy tt ?
YES
Sa cha
chng trnh
Np vo EPROM
To ti liu
chng trnh
Chy m phng
NO
YES
Chy tt ?
Chm dt
Hnh 2-15: Qui trnh thit k mt h thng iu khin t ng.

b. Xc nh tn hiu vo ra:
Bc th hai l phi xc nh v tr kt ni gia cc thit b vo ra vi PLC. Thit b

vo c th l tip im, cm bin, Thit b ra c th l Rle in t, Motor, n, mi v tr
kt ni c nh s tng t ng vi PLC s dng.
c. Son tho chng trnh:
Chng trnh iu khin c son tho di dng lu hnh thang nh trnh by

bc 1.
d. Np chng trnh vo b nh:
Cp ngun cho PLC, ci t cu hnh khi giao tip I/O nu cn (Ph thuc vao tng
loi PLC). Sau np chng trnh son tho vo b nh ca PLC. Sau khi hon tt nn
kim tra li bng chc nng t chun on v nu c th th chy chng trnh m phng
28

hot ng ca h thng (V d chng trnh S7-SIM, S7- VISU,...).
e. Chy chng trnh:
Trc khi khi ng h thng cn phi chc chn dy ni t PLC n cc thit b

ngoi vi l ng, trong qu trnh chy kim tra c th cn thit phi thc hin cc bc
tinh chnh h thng nhm m bo an ton khi a vo hot ng thc t.
2.2.3. Cc ngn ng lp trnh:
PLC S7-300 c dng ba ngn ng lp trnh c bn:
a. Ngn ng lp trnh LAD: (Ngn ng gin thang)
Vi loi ngn ng ny rt thch hp vi ngi quen thit k mch iu khin logic

chng trnh c vit di dng lin kt gia cc cng tc. V d:
Hnh 2-16: v d kiu lp trnh LAD.

b. Ngn ng lp trnh FBD : (Ngn ng hnh khi)
Loi ngn ng ny thch hp cho nhng ngi quen s dng v thit k mch iu
khin s, chng trnh c vit di dng lin kt ca cc hm logic. V d:
Hnh 2-17: V d kiu lp trnh FBD.

c. Ngn ng lp trnh STL: (Ngn ng lit k lnh):
y l ngn ng lp trnh thng thng ca my tnh. Mt chng trnh c ghp

bi nhiu lnh theo mt thut ton nht nh, mi lnh chim mt hng v u c cu
trc chung l : "tn lnh" + "ton hng". V d:
29

Hnh 2-18: V d kiu lp trnh STL.
Mt chng trnh vit trn LAD hoc FBD c th chuyn sang dng STL, nhng
ngc li th khng v trong ngn ng STL c nhiu lnh khng c trong ngn ng LAD
hay FBD.
Hnh 2-19: Ngn ng ti u nht

STL l ngn ng mnh nht trong ba ngn ng trn.
2.2.4. Cc a ch ng vo/ra:
Phn loi kiu d liu:
Mt chng trnh trong S7-300 c th s dng cc kiu d liu sau:
+ BOOL: vi dung lng l 1 bit v c gi tr l 0 hoc 1 (ng hoc sai). y l kiu d
liu bin c hai gi tr.

+ BYTE: gm 8 bits, thng c dng biu din mt s nguyn dng
trong khong t 0 n 255 hoc m ASCII ca mt k t.

V d: B#16#14 ngha l s nguyn 14 vit theo h m c s 16 c di 1 byte.
16
+ WORD: gm 2 byte, biu din s nguyn dng t 0 n 65535 (2 -1).

32
+ DWORD: L t kp c gi tr l: 0 n 2 -1.
+ INT: cng c dung lng l 2 bytes, dng biu din mt s nguyn trong khong:
-15
15
-32768 n 32767 hay ( 2 ...2 -1).

+ DINT: gm 4 bytes, dng biu din s nguyn t:
-31
31
-2147483648 n 2147483647 hay: (2 ....2 -1).

+ REAL: gm 4 bytes, dng biu din mt s thc du phy ng c gi tr l:
38
38
-3,4E .....3,4E .
V d: 1.234567e+13
+ S5t (hay S5Time): khong thi gian, c tnh theo gi/pht/giy:
30

-31
31
(-2 + -1 ms).
V d: S5t#2h_3m_0s_5ms.
y l lnh to khong thi gian la 2 ting ba pht v 5 mili giy.
+ TOD: Biu din gi tr tc thi tnh theo Gi/pht/giy.
V d: TOD#5:30:00 l lnh khai bo gi tr thi gian trong ngy: 5 gi 30 pht.

+ DATE: Biu din thi gian tnh theo nm / ngy / thng.
V d: DATE#2009-6-12: l lnh khai bo ngy12 thng 6 nm 2009.

+ CHAR: biu din mt hoc nhiu k t (nhiu nht l 4 k t) (ASCII code).
V d: ABCD
2.2.5. S dng v khai bo cc dng tn hiu:
Hnh 2-20: a ch vo ra ca cc modul s

Trong qu trnh thc hin cu trc ca tn hiu s c biu din di dng:
a. Bit : (v d I0.0) dng biu din s nh phn (c 2 gi tr 1 hoc 0).
b. Byte : (v d MB0) Mt Byte gm c 8 bits. V d gi tr ca 8 cng vo (IB0) hoc
8 cng ra (QB1),... c gi l mt byte:
31

c. Word: (v d MW0= MB0 + MB1) Mt Word gm c 2 Byte nh vy mt Word c
di 16 bits.
d. Doppelword: (v d MD0 = MW0 + MW2): c di 2 t hoc 4 Byte tc l 32
bits.
2.2.6. Cu trc b nh ca S7-300:
c chia ra lm 3 vng chnh:
a. Vng cha chng trnh ng dng: c chia lm 3 min:
+ OB: Min cha chng trnh t chc (cc chng trnh ny s c gii thiu
mc 1.2.5).
+ FC: (Funktion): min cha chng trnh con c t chc thnh hm c bin hnh
thc trao i d liu vi chng trnh gi n.
+ FB: (Funktion Block): Min cha chng trnh con, c t chc thnh hm v c
kh nng trao i d liu vi bt c mt khi chng trnh no khc. Cc d liu ny
phi c xy dng thnh mt khi d liu ring (gi l DB-Data block).
b. Vng cha cc tham s ca h iu hnh v chng trnh ng dng:
c phn chia thnh 7 min khc nhau, bao gm:

+ I (Procees image input): min b m cc d liu cng vo s. Trc khi thc hin
chng trnh, PLC s c gi tr logic ca tt c cc u vo v ct gi chng trong vng
nh I. Thng thng chng trnh ng dng khng c trc tip trng thi logic ca cng
vo s m ch ly d liu ca cng vo t b m I.
+ Q (Process image output): min b m cc cng ra s. Kt thc giai on thc
hin chng trnh s chuyn gi tr logic ca b m ti cc cng ra s. Thng thng
khng trc tip gn gi tr ti tn cng ra m ch chuyn chng vo b m Q.
+ M: Min cc bin c. Chng trnh ng dng s dng vng nh ny lu gi cc
tham s cn thit v c th truy cp n theo bit (M), byte (MB), t (MW) hay t kp
(MD).
+ T: Min nh phc v b thi gian (TIME) bao gm vic lu gi gi tr thi gian t
trc (PV-preset value), gi tr m thi gian tc thi (CV-Curren value) cng nh cc
gi tr logic u ra ca b thi gian.
+ C: Min nh phc v b m (counter) bao gm vic lu gi gi tr t trc (PV),
32

v gi tr m tc thi (CV) v gi tr logic u ra ca b m.
+ PI: Min a ch cng vo ca cc modul tng t. Cc gi tr tng t ti cng vo
ca modul tng t s c c v chuyn t ng theo nhng a ch. Chng trnh ng
dng c th truy nhp min nh PI theo tng byte (PIB), tng t (PIW) hoc theo t kp
(PID).
+ PQ: Min a ch cng ra cho cc modul tng t. Cc ga tr theo nhng a ch
ny c modul tng t chuyn ti cc cng ra tng t. Chng trnh ng dng c th
truy cp min nh PQ theo tng byte (PQB), tng t (PQW) hay tng t kp (PQD)
c. Vng cha cc khi d liu:
c chia lm hai loi:

+ DB (Data block): min cha cc d liu c t chc thnh khi. Kch thc cng
nh s lng do ngi s dng qui nh, ph hp vi tng bi ton iu khin. Chng
trnh c th truy cp min ny theo tng bit (DBX), byte (DBB), t (DBW) hoc t kp
(DBD).
+ L (Local data block) : min gi liu a phng, c cc khi chng trnh OB,
FB, FC t chc v s dng cho cc bin nhp tc thi v trao i gi liu ca bin hnh
thc ca chng trnh vi nhng khi chng trnh gi n. Ni dung ca mt s d
liu trong min nh ny s b xo khi kt thc chng trnh tng ng trong OB, FB, FC.
Min ny c th truy cp t chng trnh theo bit (L), byte (LB), t (LW) hay t kp
(LD).
2.3. X L CHNG TRNH:
2.3.1.Vng qut ca chng trnh:

SPS (PLC) thc hin cc cng vic (bao gm c chng trnh iu khin) theo chu
trnh lp. Mi vng lp c gi l mt vng qut (scancycle). Mi vng qut c bt
u bng vic chuyn d liu t cc cng vo s ti vng b m o I, tip theo l giai
on thc hin chng trnh. Trong tng vng qut , chng trnh c thc hin t lnh
u tin n lnh kt thc ca khi OB1. Sau giai on thc hin chng trnh l giai
on chuyn cc ni dung ca b m o Q ti cc cng ra s. Vng qut c kt thc
bng giai on x l cc yu cu truyn thng (nu c) v kim tra trng thi ca CPU.
Mi vng qut c th m t nh sau:
33
Hnh 2-21: Qu trnh hot ng ca mt vng qut.

Ch : B m I v Q khng lin quan ti cc cng vo/ra tng t nn cc lnh truy
nhp cng tng t c thc hin trc tip vi cng vt l ch khng thng qua b
m.
Thi gian cn thit cho PLC thc hin c mt vng qut c gi l thi gian
vng qut (Scan time). Thi gian vng qut khng c nh, tc l khng phi vng qut
no cng c thc hin trong mt khong thi gian nh nhau. C vng qut c thc
hin lu, c vng qut c thc hin nhanh tu thuc vo s lnh trong chng trnh
c thc hin, vo khi lng d liu truyn thng trong vng qut .
Nh vy gia vic c d liu t i tng x l, tnh ton v vic gi tn hiu
iu khin n i tng c mt khong thi gian tr ng bng thi gian vng qut. Ni
cch khc, thi gian vng qut quyt nh tnh thi gian thc ca chng trnh iu khin
trong PLC. Thi gian vng qut cng ngn, tnh thi gian thc ca chng trnh cng
cao.
Nu s dng cc khi chng trnh c bit c ch ngt, v d khi OB40, OB80,...
Chng trnh ca cc khi s c thc hin trong vng qut khi xut hin tn hiu
bo ngt cng chng loi. Cc khi chng trnh ny c th thc hin ti mi vng qut
ch khng phi b g p l phi trong giai on thc hin chng trnh. Chng hn mt
tn hiu bo ngt xut hin khi PLC ang giai on truyn thng v kim tra ni b,
PLC s tm dng cng vic truyn thng, kim tra, thc hin ngt nh vy, thi gian
vng qut s cng ln khi cng c nhiu tn hiu ngt xut hin trong vng qut. Do
nng cao tnh thi gian thc cho chng trnh iu khin, tuyt i khng nn vit
chng trnh x l ngt qu di hoc qu lm dng vic s dng ch ngt trong
chng trnh iu khin.
Ti thi im thc hin lnh vo/ra, thng thng lnh khng lm vic trc tip vi
cng vo/ra m ch thng qua b nh m ca cng trong vng nh tham s. Vic truyn
34

thng gia b m o vi ngoi vi trong giai on 1 v 3 do h iu hnh CPU qun l.
mt s modul CPU, khi gp lnh vo/ra ngay lp tc h thng s cho dng mi cng
vic khc, ngay c chng trnh x l ngt, thc hin vi cng vo/ra.
2.3.2. Nhng khi OB c bit:
Khi OB1 c chc nng qun l chnh trong ton b chng trnh, c ngha l n s
thc hin mt cch u n tng vng qut trong khi thc hin chng trnh. Ngoi ra
Step7 cn c rt nhiu cc khi OB c bit khc v mi khi OB c mt nhim v
khc nhau, v d cc khi OB cha cc chng trnh ngt ca cc chng trnh bo li
,....Tu thuc vo tng loi CPU khc nhau m c cc khi OB khc nhau. V d cc khi
OB c bit.
+ OB10: (Time of Day Interrupt): Chng trnh trong khi OB10 s c thc hin
khi gi tr ca ng h thi gian thc nm trong mt khong thi gian qui nh. OB10
c th c gi mt ln, nhiu ln cch u nhau tng pht, tng gi, tng ngy,....Vic
qui nh thi gian hay s ln gi OB10 c thc hin bng chng trnh h thng
SFC28 hoc trong bng tham s modul CPU nh phn mm Step7.
+ OB20: (Time Delay Interrupt): chng trnh trong khi OB20 s c thc hin sau
mt khong thi gian tr t trc k t khi gi chng trnh h thng SFC32 t thi
gian tr.
+ OB35: (Cyclic Interrupt): Chng trnh OB35 s c thc hin cch u nhau mt
khong thi gian c nh. Mc nh khong thi gian ny l 100ms, xong ta c th thay
i trong bng t tham s cho CPU nh phn mm Step7.
+ OB40 ( Hardware Interrupt): Chng trnh trong khi OB40 s c thc hin khi
xut hin mt tn hiu bo ngt t ngoi vi a vo CPU thng qua cc cng vo/ra s
onboard c bit, hoc thng qua cc modul SM, CP, FM.
+ OB80: (cycle Time Fault): Chng trnh s c thc hin khi thi gian vng qut
(scan time) vt qua khong thi gian cc i qui nh hoc khi c mt tn hiu ngt
gi mt khi OB no m khi OB ny cha kt thc ln gi trc. Mc nh, scan
time cc i l 150ms, nhng c th thay i tham s nh phn mm Step7.
+ OB81( Power Supply Fault): nu c li v phn ngun cung cp th s gi chng
trnh trong khi OB81.
+ OB82: (Diagnostic Interrupt) chng trnh trong khi ny s c gi khi CPU
pht hin c li t cc modul vo/ra m rng. Vi iu kin cc modul vo/ra ny phi
35

c chc nng t kim tra mnh.
+ OB85 (Not Load Fault): CPU s gi khi OB85 khi pht hin chng trnh ng
dng c s dng ch ngt nhng chng trnh x l tn hiu ngt li khng c trong
khi OB tng ng.
+ OB87 (Communication Fault): Chng trnh trong khi ny s c gi khi CPU
pht hin thy li trong truyn thng.
+ OB100 (Start Up Information): Khi ny s c thc hin mt ln khi CPU
chuyn trng thi t STOP sang trng thi RUN.
+ OB121: (Synchronouns error): Khi ny s c gi khi CPU pht hin thy li
logic trong chng trnh nh i sai kiu d liu hoc li truy nhp khi DB, FC, FB
khng c trong b nh ca CPU.
+ OB122 (Synchronouns error): Khi ny s c thc hin khi CPU pht hin thy
li truy nhp Modul trong chng trnh, v d trong chng trnh c lnh truy nhp
modul m rng nhng li khng c modul ny. thc hin thay i cc chc nng ca
cc khi OB trong CPU ta ch cn kch p chut tri vo v t CPU trong bng cu hnh
cng ca Project khi trn mn hnh s xut hin mt ca s nh sau:
Hnh 2-22: Chc nng ca cc khi OB trong CPU

Ch : khng phi tt c cc CPU u c cc khi OB nh gii thiu. S lng v
chng loi khi OB tu thuc vo tng loi CPU.
36

- Bi tp ca chng hc:
Bi tp 1: B nh ca PLC c phn chia nh th no?
Bi tp 2: Cu trc ca 1 PLC chia lm my phn chnh?
Bi tp 3: Bn hy gii thch li vng qut chng trnh? V tm hiu xem thi gian cho
1 vng qut PLC ti a l bao nhiu?
Bi tp 4: Gii thch cc k hiu trn V3.0 ; I1.0 ; Q4.0?
37

Chng 3: KT NI PLC VI THIT B NGOI VI
Ni dung ca chng hc:
- Trnh by cch kt ni gia PLC v thit b ngoi vi.
- Trnh by cch kim tra ni dy bng phn mm chnh xc.
- Trnh by cch ci t phn mm t cc yu cu k thut
3.1. KT NI PLC V THIT B NGOI VI
3.1.1. Kt ni u vo/ra:
a. u vo s:
Cc ng tn hiu t b cm bin c ni vo cc modul (cc u vo ca PLC),

cc c cu chp hnh c ni vi cc modul ra ( cc u ra ca PLC ). Hu ht cc PLC
c in p hot ng bn trong l 5V , tn hiu x l l 12/24VDC hoc 100/240VAC.
Mi n v I /O c duy nht mt a ch, cc hin th trng thi ca cc knh I/O c
cung cp bi cc n LED trn PLC , iu ny lm cho vic kim tra hot ng nhp xut
tr nn d dng v n gin .
B x l c v xc nh cc trng thi u vo (ON,OFF) thc hin vic ng hay
ngt mch u ra .
+ Kt ni nt n, cng tc:
Hnh 2-23: Kt ni dy gia ng vo ca PLC vi nt n, cng tc

+ Kt ni cm bin:
38

D C 24V
IN P U T S
.0
.1
.2
PNP
Sensor
V+
PNP
.3
V.4
24 V
.5
.6
.7
M
Hnh 2-24: Kt ni dy gia ng vo ca PLC vi cm bin
b. Kt ni u ra s:
Cc ng ra ca PLC c th c ch to l mt khi ring, hoc kt hp vi cc ng

ra chung trong mt khi hoc c tch hp trn khi CPU. Trong trng hp no cng
vy, cc ng ra cng phi c cung cp ngun ring vi cp in p ty thuc vo loi
ng ra. Cn lu trong mt khi ra cng nh cc ng ra c tch hp sn trn CPU c
th c cc nhm c cung cp ngun c lp nhau.
i vi cc ng ra s, khi kt ni vi ngoi vi, ngoi tr cc trng hp c bit th
thng thng mi mt ng ra c kt ni vi mt i tng iu khin nhn tn hiu nh
phn nh: n bo, cun dy r le, chung bo, cun dy ca van in t vv.........
39

Hnh 2-25: Kt ni dy gia ng ra ca PLC vi cc thit b ngoi vi
2.4.2. Kim tra vic ni dy bng phn mm
Mt cng vic quan trng cho ngi lp t v vn hnh l bit c cc kt ni ca
cc ng vo/ra vi ngoi vi c ng hay khng trc khi np chng trnh iu khin vo
CPU. Hoc khi mt h thng ang hot ng bnh thng nhng mt s c h hng xy
ra th cc phn ngoi vi no b h v pht hin n bng cch no. Trong PLC s7-300 s
dng Monitor/Modify Variables.
Bc 1: Khi ng Step 7 to mt chng trnh trng v np vo PLC
Bc 2: Vo PLC chn Monitor/Modify Variables nh hnh di.
Bc 3: in cc u ra trong bn Variable table1 nh hnh sau
40

Bc 4: t ch online
v set mc 1, 0 vo bng Modify value ta s thy
kt qu c thc hin sau khi kt ni.

3.2. CI T STEP 7:
3.2.1. Tng qut v Step 7:

Ti vit nam hin c rt nhiu phin bn ca b phn mm gc ca Step7. ang c
s dng nhiu nht l phin bn (version) 4.2, 5.0 v 5.1. Trong khi phin bn 4.2 kh
ph hp cho nhng PC c cu hnh trung bnh (CPU 80586, 90MB cn trng trong
cng, mn hnh VGA) nhng li i hi tuyt i c bn quyn. Trong khi phin bn 5.0
v 5.1 mc d i hi my tnh c cu hnh mnh nhng li khng i hi bn quyn mt
cch tuyt i, ngha l phin bn ny vn lm vic mt mc hn ch khi khng c bn
quyn. Phn ln cc a gc ca Step7 u c kh nng t ci t chng trnh (autorun).
Bi vy ch cn cho a vo CD v thc hin theo ng ch dn hin trn mn hnh. Ta
c th ch ng thc hin vic ci t bng cch gi chng trnh Setup.exe c trn a.
Cng vic ci t, v c bn khng khc nhiu so vi vic ci t cc phn mm ng
dng khc, tc l cng bt u bng vic chn ngn ng ci t ( mc nh l ting Anh),
chn th mc t trn cng (mc nh l C:\simens), kim tra dung tch cn li trn
cng, chn ngn ng s c s dng trong qu trnh lm vic vi Step7 sau ny.
Mt s vn cn gii thch r thm khi ci t phn mm Step7: (cun ti liu ny
hng dn cc bn ci t bng ngn ng ting Anh) nhng v c bn ci t bng ting
c cng khng c nhiu iu khc bit.
a. Khai bo m hiu sn phm: M hiu sn phm lun i km vi sn phm v c in
ngay trn a cha b ci Step7. Khi trn mn hnh xut hin ca s yu cu cho bit m
hiu sn phm, ta phi in y vo tt c cc th mc ca ca s , k c a ch
ngi s dng sau n continue tip tc.
41
Hnh 3-1: Khai bo m hiu ca sn phm

b. Chuyn bn quyn: Bn quyn Step7 nm trn mt a mm ring (thng c mu vng
hoc mu ). Trong qu trnh ci t, trn mn hnh s xut hin yu cu chuyn bn

quyn sang ch (mc nh l c:\ ) c dng nh sau:
Ta c th chuyn bn quyn sang a C:\ ngay trong khi ci t Step7 bng cch cho
a bn quyn vo a A: ri n phm Authorize. Ta cng c th b qua v s chuyn
bn quyn sau vo lc khc bng cch n phm Skip. Trong trng hp b qua th sau
ny, lc chuyn bn quyn, ta phi s dng chng trnh truyn bn quyn c tn l
AuthorsW.EXE cng c trn a bn quyn (Ver.4.2) hoc c cng trong a CD vi
phn mm gc Step7 (ver5.1).
Ch a mm cha bn quyn (Author disk) c bo v cm sao chp. Cho d
bn quyn c chuyn t a mm sang cng v trn a mm khng cn bn
quyn, nhng n vn l mt a c bit c ch cha bn quyn. Bn quyn khi sao chp
sang a cng s nm trong th mc Ax nf zz. Nu th mc ny b hng, ta s mt bn
quyn. Bi vy mi khi mun ci t li h thng hay dn dp li a cng th trc
ta phi thc hin rt bn quyn khi a C: v chuyn ngc v a mm Author cng
bng chng trnh AuthorsW.EXE.
42
Hnh 3-2: Chuyn bn quyn

c. Khai bo thit b t EPROM: Chng trnh step7 c kh nng t chng trnh ng
dng ln th EPROM cho PLC. Nu my tnh PC ca ta c thit b t EPROM th cn

phi thng bo cho Step7 bit khi trn mn hnh xut hin ca s:
Hnh 3-3: Khai bo thit b t EPROM

d. Chn giao din cho PLC:
Chng trnh Step7 c ci t trn PC (my tnh c nhn) hoc PG (lp trnh bng
tay) h tr vic son tho cu hnh cng cng nh chng trnh cho PLC, tc l sau
ton b nhng g son tho s c dch sang PLC. Khng nhng th, Step7 cn c
kh nng quan st vic thc hin chng trnh ca PLC. Mun nh vy ta cn phi c b
giao din ghp ni gia PC vi PLC truyn thng tin, d liu.
43

Step7 c th ghp ni vi PLC bng nhiu b phng thc ghp ni khc nhau nh
qua Card MPI, qua b chyn i PC/PPI, qua th PROFIBUS (CP) nhng chng phi
c khai bo s dng.
Ngay sau khi Step7 c ci t xong, trn mn hnh xut hin ca s thng bo cho
ta chn cc b giao din s c s dng. Ca s ny c dng sau (hnhv 3-4):
Mun chn b giao din no, ta nh du b giao din pha tri ri n phm
Install.... Nhng b giao din c chn s c ghi vo bn phi. Sau khi chn
xong cc b giao din s dng, ta cn phi t tham s lm vic cho nhng b giao din
bao gm tc truyn , cng ghp ni vi my tnh. Chng hn khi chn b giao
din MPI -ISA Card ta phi t tham s lm vic cho n thng qua ca s mn hnh.
Hnh3-4: Khai bo dng kt ni PC vi CPU

e. t tham s lm vic:
Sau khi ci t xong Step7, trn mn hnh (Destop) s xut hin biu tng icon ca
n. ng thi trong Menu ca Window cng c th mc Simatic vi tt c cc tn ca
nhng thnh phn lin quan, t cc phn mm tr gip n cc phn mm ci t cu
hnh, ch lm vic ca Step7.
Khi va c ci t, step7 c cu hnh mc nh v ch lm vic ca Simatic,
chng hn c php cc lnh li c vit theo ting c v d nh AND th vit thnh
UND, mun chuyn thnh dng thng dng quc t ta phi ci t li cu hnh cho Step7.
Tt nhin, bn cnh vic chn ngn ng cho c php lnh ta cn c th sa i nhiu
chc nng khc ca Step 7 nh ni s cha chng trnh trn a cng, nhng thanh ghi
s c hin th ni dung khi g ri chng trnh, song cc vic khng nh
hngquyt nh ti vic s dng Step7 theo thi quen ca ta nh ngn ng c php
44

lnh.
3.2.2. Son tho mt Project.
Khi nim Project khng n thun ch l chng trnh ng dng m rng hn bao
gm tt c nhng g lin quan n vic thit k phn mm ng dng iu khin, gim
st mt hay nhiu trm PLC. Theo khi nim nh vy, trong mt Project s c:
1. Bng cu hnh cng v tt c cc module ca tng trm PLC.
2. Bng tham s xc nh ch lm vic cho tng module ca mi trm PLC.
3. Cc Logic block cha chng trnh ng dng ca tng trm PLC.
4. Cu hnh ghp ni v truyn thng gia cac trm PLC.
5. Cc ca s giao din phc v vic gim st ton b mng hoc gim st tng trm
PLC ca mng.
y, trong khun kh phn mm Step7 ch gii thiu vic son tho mt Project
gm cc phn 1,2,3. Nhng phn cn li c th tham kho trong cun ti liu khc ca
cng tc gi.
a. Khai bo v m mt Project mi:
khai bo mt Project, t mn hnh chnh ca Step 7 ta chn File-> New hoc kch
chut ti biu tng "New Project/ Library".
Hnh 3-5: M mt Project mi

Khi trn mn hnh s xut hin hp hi thoi nh hnh 3-6. G tn Project ri n
phm OK v nh vy ta khai bo song mt Project mi. Ngoi ra ta cn c th chn
ni Project s c ct ln a. Mc nh, ni ct s l th mc c quy nh khi ci
t Step 7, y l th mc F:\S7_ projects.
45
Hnh 3-6: t tn cho mt Project mi

Trong trng hp mun m mt Project c, vo chn File -> Open hoc kch chut
ti biu tng "Open Project/ Library" t ca s chnh ca Step7 ri chn tn Project
mun m t hp hi thoi c dng nh hnh 3-7. Cui cng n phm OK kt thc.
Hnh 3-7: M mt Project c.

b. Xy dng cu hnh cng cho trm PLC:
Sau khi khai bo xong mt Project mi, trn mn hnh s xut hin Project nhng
dng rng (cha c g trong project), iu ny ta nhn bit c qua biu tng th mc
bn cnh tn Project ging nh mt th mc rng ca Window.
46
Hnh 3-8: Biu tng mt Project mi.

Cng vic tip theo ta c th lm l xy dng cu hnh cng cho mt trm PLC. iu
ny khng bt buc, ta c th khng cn khai bo cu hnh cng cho trm m i ngay vo
phn chng trnh ng dng. Song kinh nghim cho thy cng vic ny nn lm v khi c
cu hnh trong project, lc bt ngun PLC, h iu hnh ca S7-300 bao gi cng i kim
tra cc module hin c trong trm, so snh vi cu hnh m ta xy dng v nu pht hin
thy s khng ng nht s pht ngay tn hiu bo ngt li hoc thiu module ch khng
cn phi i ti khi thc hin chng trnh ng dng.
Trc ht ta khai bo cu hnh cng cho mt trm PLC vi simatic S7-300 bng cch
vo: Insert -> Station ->Simatic 300- Station:
Hnh 3-9: Khai bo cu hnh cng cho trm PLC

Trong trng hp khng mun khai bo cu hnh cng m i ngay vo chng trnh
ng dng ta c th chn thng. ng tc ny s hu ch cho nhng trng hp mt trm
PLC c nhiu phin bn ng dng khc nhau.
Sau khi khai bo mt trm (chn mt Station), th mc Project chuyn sang dng
47

khng rng vi th mc con trong n tn mc nh l Simatic300(1) cha tp thng tin
v cu hnh cng ca trm.
Hnh 3-10: Mn hnh khai bo cu hnh cng cho tm PLC

vo mn hnh khai bo cu hnh cng, ta nhy chut ti biu tng Hardware.
Trong hp thoi hin ra ta khai bo thanh Ray (Rack) v cc module c trn thanh Ray
. V d:
Hnh 3-11: Th vin ly cc Modul

Step7 gip vic khai bo cu hnh cng c n gin nh bng danh mc cc
module ca n. Mun a module no vo bng cu hnh ta ch cn nh du v tr ni
module s c a vo ri nhy kp chut tri ti tn ca module trong bng danh
mc cac module km theo.
c. t tham s quy nh ch lm vic cho module:
Vi bng cu hnh cng phn mm Step7 cng xc nh lun cho ta a ch tng

module.
Chng hn Step7 c h tr vic tch cc ngt theo thi im cho module CPU
48

module ny pht mt tn hiu ngt gi khi OB10 mt ln vo ng ngy 16/02/2003 lc
10 gi 30. lm c iu ny ta nhy p chut ti tn ca module CPU v tr 2 ri
chn Time-Of-Day Interrupt, trn mn hnh s xut hin hp hi thoi nh (hnh 3-12).
in thi im, tn sut pht tn hiu ngt ri nh du tch cc ch ngt vo cc
tng ng trong hp hi thoi. Cui cng n phm OK.
Hnh 3-12: t tham s cho Modul CPU

Cng trong hp hi thoi ta thy module CPU314 ch cho php s dng OB10 trong
s cc module OB10 - OB17 vi mc u tin l cha chng trnh x l tn hiu ngt
theo thi im.
Cc ch lm vic khc ca module CPU cng c quy nh nh Step7. V d
sa i thi gian vng qut cc i cho php t gi tr mc nh 150ms thnh 100 ms, ta
chn Cycle/Clock memory trong hp hi thoi ri sa ni dung Scan time thnh 100.
Hon ton tng t ta cng c th s dng Step7 quy nh ch lm vic cho cc
module m rng khc, nh xc nh ch lm vic vi dng tn hiu in p, vi di
5V cho module AI:
49
Hnh 3-13: t ch cho Modul Analog

d. Son tho chng trnh cho cc khi logic:
Sau khi khai bo cu hnh cng cho mt trm PLC v quay tr v ca s chnh ca
Step7 ta thy trong th mc Simatic 300(1) by gi c thm cc th mc con v tt nhin
ta c th i tn cc th mc .
Tt c cc khi Logic (OB, FC, FB, DB) cha chng trnh ng dng s nm trong
th mc Block. Mc nh trong th mc ny c sn khi OB1.
+ Son tho chng trnh cho khi OB1:
Ta nhy chut ti biu tng OB1 bn na ca s bn phi. Trn mn hnh s xut
hin ca s ca ch son tho chng trnh nh hnh 3-14.
Chc nng chng trnh son tho ca Step7 v c bn cng ging nh cc chng
trnh son tho khc, tc l cng c cc phm nng g nhanh, c ch ct v dn, c
ch kim tra li c php lnh.
50
Hnh 3-14: Son tho chng trnh trong OB1

khai bo va son tho chng trnh cho cc khi OB khc hoc cho cc khi FC,
FB hoc DB, ta c th to mt khi mi ngay trc tip t chng trnh son tho bng
cch kch chut phi vo phn trng nh hnh v sau:
Hnh 3-15: M mt khi logic khc.

Hoc cng c th chn thm khi mi trc t ca s chnh ca Step7 bng phm
Insert -> S7 Block ri sau mi vo son tho chng trnh cho khi mi c chn
thm nh d lm vi OB1.
Trong mn hnh son tho chng trnh cho cc khi Logic, ta c th thay i khng
ring phn chng trnh m c phn local block ca khi bao gm tn hnh thc, kiu
d liu, gi tr ban u. Ch rng khng c thay i 20 bytes u trong local block
ca cc khi OB.
51

Cc bc son tho mt khi logic chng trnh ng dng c tm tt nh sau:
To khi logic hoc t ca s mn hnh chnh ca Step7 bng cch chn Einfuegen
(Insert) trn thanh cng c ri vo S7 Block d chn loi khi logic mong mun ( OB,
FB, FC ) hoc vo chng trnh son tho ri t kch biu tng New.
Thit k local block cho khi logic va to.
Vi tt c cc khi hon thnh cng vic thit k Local Block ta cn phi ch
vic khai bo theo bng sau:
Son tho chng trnh: chng trnh c th c son tho theo rt nhiu ngn ng
khc nhau v d: FBD, LAD, STL.... xem trong mc 2.2.
Loi bin
ngha
chc nng
Khi thc hin
IN
Nhn cc tn hiu t u vo
FB, FC
OUT
Xut cc tn hiu ra
xut
FB, FC
IN_OUT
Nhn v gi cc tn hiu
c, xut
FB, FC
Ni dung ca bin hnh thc,

STAT
c kh nng lu gi li khi kt c, xut
FB
thc chng trnh trong FB

Bin tm thi, ni dung s b
TEMP
mt i khi kt thc chng c , xut

trnh trong FB, FC hoc OB
+ Son tho mt chng trnh trong khi logic FC1:

Ta thc hin cc bc nh sau:
Bc 1: To khi:
52
FB, FC, OB

Hnh 3-16: To mt khi logic mi
Sau khi chn th mc nh hnh v trn trn mn hnh s hin ra mt ca s sau:
Hnh 3-17: t tn v chn ch lm vic cho khi logic mi.

Trong hp hi thoi cho php ta chn tn ca FC v d FC2. Trong thc t Step7 lun
mc nh th t ca cc FC v ta ch cn OK nu ta chp nhn tn nh mc nh,
ngoi ra ta cn c th chn ch vit chng trnh trong khi hm FC2 di dng FBD,
LAD hay STL. Cui cng ta nhn nt OK. Trn mn hnh s xut hin ca s chnh ca
Step7 nh sau:
Hnh 3-18: Gi mn hnh son tho.

son tho chng trnh trong FC2 ta ch cn nhy p chut tri vo biu tng
ca FC2 v lp tc s hin ra ca s son tho chng trnh cho FC2:
53
Hnh 3-19: Mn hnh son tho ca khi Logic FC2.
Bc 2: Xy dng Local block:

Trong ca s mn hnh son tho ta xy dng local block cho khi FC2 nh sau:
Hnh 3-20: Nhp d liu vo khi Lokal block ca khi FC
Bc 3: Son tho chng trnh:

Ton b chng trnh c th vit trong khi logic FC2 nh sau:
54
Hnh 3-21: Son tho chng trnh trong khi logic FC1.
+ Son tho chng trnh cho khi FB.
Bc 1: To khi FB
Ta c th to khi FB bng cch t ca s mn hnh chnh ca Step7 ta dng chut
phi v chon cc i tng nh sau:
Hnh 3-22: To khi FB

Sau khi chn th mc Funktionsblock trn mn hnh xut hin mt ca s:
Trong ca s ta cn phi t tn cho khi FB m ta mi chn v d FB1 (thng
thng S7 t gn cho mt tn theo th t m ngi lp trnh chn khi nu ng
ta ch cn nhn nt OK). Ngoi ra ta cn c th t tn cho khi FB; v d: test_1, chn
cch vit chng trnh AWL, KOP, FUP hay S7GRAPH,..... Sau khi in cc
thng tin vo ca s mn hnh ta nhn nt OK.
Mun son tho chng trnh trong khi FB ta ch cn nhn p chut tri vo biu
tng FB trn mn hnh chnh. Sau khi thc hin xong bc ny ta s c ca s son tho
55

chng trnh cho khi FB1 v cng vic tip theo cng c thc hin ging nh ta
thc hin i vi khi FC trn , l cc bc nh xy dng Local block, son tho
chng trnh.
Hnh 3-23: Chn ngn ng vit chng trnh trong khi FB1
Bc 2: Th tc gi khi FB:
V khi FB bao gi cng lm vic vi khi d liu DB dng lu gi ni dung cc
bin kiu STAT ca Local block. V vy thc hin vic gi khi FB ta phi t tn cho
khi d liu DB tng ng. Lnh gi khi hm FB nh sau:
Hnh 3-24: Gi khi FB1
56

Tu theo nhu cu s dng m ta s dng mt , hai hay nhiu khi DB ta phi t tn
cho khi DB m ta va chn v d DB1, DB2,...
Sau khi chn xong bc trn ta c th son tho chng trnh cho khi DB1 v
DB2 nh sau:
Hnh 3-25:Mn hnh son tho trong khi FBs.

Bc 3: S dng bin hnh thc:
Step7 cung cp mt kh nng s dng tn hnh thc trong lp trnh thay v cc k hiu
a ch , ch s khi FB, FC,...kh nh. Cc tn hnh thc c thay bi mt a ch hay
mt tn khi tu theo ngi lp trnh t t. lm c iu ny, ngi lp trnh cn
phi khai bo trc trong mt bng c tn l Symbols.
Kch chut vo th mc m ca Block, y l th mc vi tn mc nh l S7
Program(1), sau nhy phm chut tri ti biu tng Symbole nh hnh v ta s c
mn hnh son tho bng cc tn hnh thc sau:
57
Hnh3-26: S dng bin hnh thc.
Hnh 3-27: Ghi cc k hiu bin hnh thc vo bng Symbol.

Sau khi in y tn hnh thc, a ch nh m n thay th ( hu ht kiu d liu
u c S7 t xc nh cn c vo a ch nh) v ct vo Project, ta s quay tr li
mn hnh chnh ca S7. M mt khi chng trnh, v d OB1 v chn biu tng dng
bin hnh thc ta s chuyn sang dng son tho vi nhng bin hnh thc nh t sn
trong bng Symbole.
v d :
58
Hnh 3-28: Mn hnh son tho vi cc tn bin hnh thc.

Mun quay tr v s dng li cc k hiu a ch tuyt i ta nhn li nt chn
ban u l biu tng ny
nm trn thanh cng c .
3.1.3. Np chng trnh v gim st vic thc hin chng trnh.

a. Np chng trnh son tho t PC xung CPU:
Chng trnh sau khi son tho cn c truyn xung CPU. lm c iu
ny, ta nhn chn chut tri vo biu tng
trn thanh cng c v tr li y cc
cu hi. Ch khi np chng trnh cn phi t cng tc v tr trn CPU trng thi
Stop hoc t CPU trng thi RUN-P.
Hnh 3-28: Kt ni CP v PLC np chng trnh

b. Xo chng trnh c trong CPU:
59

thc hin vic np chng trnh mi t PC xung CPU ta cn thc hin cng vic
xo chng trnh c sn trong CPU. iu ny ta thc hin cc bc nh sau:
- a trng thi ca CPU v STOP : T mn hnh chnh ca Step7 ta chn lnh:
Hnh 3-29: Xa chng trnh c sn trong CPU

c. Quan st vic thc hin chng trnh:
Sau khi np chng trnh son tho xung CPU lc ny chng trnh c ghi
vo b nh ca CPU. Khi ta c th tch ri PC v CPU ca S7 m chng trnh vn
hot ng bnh thng. thc hin vic quan st qu trnh hot ng ca chng trnh
v CPU ta s dng chc nng gim st chng trnh bng cch nhn vo biu tng
trn thanh cng c. Sau khi chn chc nng gim st chng trnh ny th trn mn
hnh s xut hin mt ca s sau:
Tu theo kiu vit chng trnh m ta nhn c s khc nhau v kiu hin th trn
mn hnh (Di y s dng kiu vit chng trnh FBD).
60
Hnh 3-30: Quan st qu trnh hot ng.

Ngoi ra ta cn c th quan st c ni dung ca nh. Nhng nh mun quan st
cn phi khai bo trong bng Variable.
Hnh 3-31: Quan st ni dung ca nh.

Sau khi khai bo tt c cc bin cn quan st ta kch vo phm quan st trn mn hnh
xut hin ca s nh hnh trn. Tu theo yu cu m ta kch vo phm quan st tng ng
trn mn hnh s hin th ni dung ca nh ti thi im hin ti hay lin tc quan st
theo tng thi im.
- Bi tp ca chng hc:
Bi tp 1: Kt ni PLC vi cm bin nh th no?
Bi tp 2: Khi mt h thng c sn cc kt ni, lm th no bit cc a ch vo ra
ca h thng ?
Bi tp 3: Ti sao phi m phng chng trnh PLC?
61

Chng 4: CC PHP TON NH PHN CA PLC
Ni dung ca chng hc:
- Trnh by cc lin kt logic.
- Trnh by cc lnh ghi /xa.
- Trnh by nguyn l lm vic ca Timer, Counter.
4.1. CC LCH LIN KT LOGIC:
4.1.1. Hm AND :
Ton hng l kiu d liu BOOL hay a ch bit I,Q, M, T, C, D, L
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-1: Cch khai bo hm AND

Tn hiu ra Q4.0 s bng 1 khi ng thi tn hiu I0.0=1 v I0.1=1.
D liu vo/ra:
Vo: I0.0, I0.1:
BOOL
Ra : Q4.0 :
BOOL
4.1.2. Hm OR:
Ton hng l kiu d liu BOOL hay a ch bit I,Q, M, T, C, D, L.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-2: Khai bo hm OR

Tn hiu ra s bng 1 khi t nht c mt tn hiu vo bng 1.
D liu vo/ra:
Vo : I0.0, I0.1: BOOL

Ra : Q4.0:
BOOL
4.1.3. Hm NOT:
FBD
62
LAD
STL

Hnh 4-3: Khai bo hm thc hin chc nng ph nh.
Tn hiu ra s l nghich o ca tn hiu vo.
D liu vo/ra: Vo : I0.0 : BOOL
Ra : Q4.0 : BOOL
4.1.4. Hm XOR:
Ton hng l kiu d liu BOOL hay a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-4: Khi thc hin chc nng XOR.

Tn hiu ra Q4.0= 1 khi I0.0 khc I0.1
D liu vo/ra: Vo: I0.0, I0.1 :
Ra : Q4.0 :
BOOL
BOOL
4.2. CC LNH GHI/XA GI TR CHO TIP IM
4.2.1. Lnh xo RESET:

Ton hng l a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-5: Khi thc hin chc nng RESET

Tn hiu ra Q4.0 = 0 (Q4.0 s c xo ) khi I0.0 =1 .
D liu vo/ra: Vo: I0.0 : BOOL
Ra : Q4.0 : BOOL
4.2.2. Lnh SET:
Ton hng l a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-6: Khi thc hin chc nng SET.

Tn hiu ra Q4.0 = 1 (Q4.0 s c thit lp ) khi I0.0 =1.
63

D liu vo/ra: Vo I0.0 :
BOOL
Ra Q4.0 : BOOL
4.2.3. B nh RS:
Ton hng l a ch bit I, Q, M, D, L.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-7: Khi thc hin chc nng RS.

Khi I0.0 = 1 v I0.1 = 0 Merker M0.0 b Reset v u ra Q4.0 l "0". Nu I0.0 = 0 v
I0.1 = 1 th Set cho M0.0 v u ra Q4.0 l "1".
Khi c hai u vo Set v Reset ng thi = 1 th M0.0 v Q4.0 c gi tr l "1".
D liu vo/ra: Vo I0.0, I0.1: BOOL
Ra Q4.0:
BOOL
4.2.4. B nh SR:
Ton hng l a ch bit I, Q, M, D, L
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-8: Khi thc hin chc nng SR

Khi I0.0 = 1 v I0.1 =0 th Set cho Merker M0.0 v u ra Q4.0 l "1". Nu I0.0 = 0
v I0.0 = 1 th M0.0 b Reset v u ra Q4.0 l "0".
Khi c hai u vo Set v Reset ng thi = 1 th M0.0 v Q4.0 c gi tr l "0".
D liu vo/ra: Vo I0.0, I0.1: BOOL
Ra Q4.0 :
BOOL
Ch : Trong k thut s trng thi ca trig RS s b cm khi R=1 v S=1. Nn

y c hai loi b nh RS v SR l loi Trig u tin R hay u tin S
4.3. B THI GIAN:
4.3.1. Nguyn l lm vic chung ca b Timer.

B thi gian Timer l b to thi gian tr T mong mun gia tn hiu logic u vo
64

X(t) v u ra Y(t)
S7-300 c 5 b thi gian Timer khc
nhau. Tt c 5 loi Timer ny cng bt u
to thi gian tr tn hiu k t thi im c
sn ln ca tn hiu u vo , tc l khi c
tn hiu u vo U(t) chuyn trng thi t
logic "0" ln logic"1", c gi l thi Hnh 4-9: S khi b thi gian.
im Timer c kch.
Thi gian tr T mong mun c khai bo vi Timer bng gi tr 16 bits bao gm hai
thnh phn :
- phn gii vi n v l mS. Timer ca S7 c 4 loi phn gii khc nhau l 10ms,
100ms, 1s v 10s.
- Mt s nguyn BCD trong khong t 0 n 999 c gi l PV ( Preset Valuegi tr t trc).
Nh vy thi gian tr T mong mun s c tnh nh sau :
T = ( phn gii) x (PV).
Ngay ti thi im kch Timer, gi tr PV c chuyn vo thanh ghi 16 bits ca
Timer T-Word ( gi l thanh ghi CV- Curren valuegi tr tc thi). Timer s ghi nh
khong thi gian tri qua k t khi kch bng cch gim dn mt cch tng ng ni
dung thanh ghi CV. Nu ni dung thanh ghi CV tr v bng 0 th Timer t c thi
gian mong mun T v iu ny c bo ra ngoi bng cch thay i trng thi tn hiu
u ra Y(t). Vic thng bo ra ngoi bng cch i trng thi tn hiu du ra Y(t) nh th
no cn ph thuc vo loi Timer c s dng.
Bn cnh sn ln ca tn hiu u vo U(t), Timer cn c th kch bng sn ln
ca tn hiu kch ch ng c tn l tn hiu ENABLE nu nh ti thi im c sn ln
ca tn hiu ENABLE, tn hiu u vo U(t) c logic l "1".
Tng loi Timer c nh s t 0 n 255 (tu thuc vo tng loi CPU). Mt
Timer c t tn l Tx, trong x l s hiu ca Timer ( 0<=x<=255). K hiu Tx
cng ng thi l tn hiu hnh thc ca thanh ghi CV (T-Word) v u ra T-bits ca
Timer . Tuy chng c cng a ch hnh thc, nhng T-Word v T-bits vn c phn
bit vi nhau nh kiu lnh s dng ton hng Tx. Khi dng lm vic vi t Tx c
hiu l T-Word cn khi lm vic vi im thi Tx c hiu l T-bit.
65

xa tc thi trng thi ca T-word v T-bit ngi ta s dng mt tn hiu reset
Timer . Ti thi im sn ln ca tn hiu ny gi tr T-Word v T-bit ng thi c gi
tr bng 0 tc l thanh ghi tc thi CV c t v 0 v tn hiu u ra cng c trng thi
Logic l "0". Trong thi gian tn hiu Reset c gi tr logic l "1" Timer s khng lm
vic.
4.3.2. Khai bo s dng:
Cc tn hiu iu khin cho mt b Timer c khai bo bao gm cc bc sau:
- Khai bo tn hiu ENABLE nu mun s dng tn hiu ch ng kch.
- Khai bo tn hiu u vo U(t).
- Khai bo thi gian tr mong mun TW.
- Khai bo loi Timer c s dng (SP, SE, SD, SS, SF).
- Khai bo tn hiu xa Timer nu mun s dng ch Reset ch ng.
Trong cc bc trn th bc 1 v 5 c th b qua .
- Dng d liu vo/ra ca b Timer:
S: BOOL
BI (DUAL): WORD
TW: S5TIME
BCD (DEZ): WORD
R:
Q:
BOOL
BOOL
a. B thi gian SP:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-10: B thi gian SP.

- Nguyn l lm vic:
Ti thi im sn ln ca tn hiu vo SET thi gian s c tnh ng thi gi tr
Logic u ra l "1". Khi thi gian t kt thc gi tr u ra cng tr v 0.
66
Hnh 4-11: Gin thi gian ca b to tr kiu SP.

Khi c tn hiu RESET (R) thi gian tnh lp tc tr v 0 v tn hiu u ra cng gi
tr l "0".
-Trng hp khng s dng cc tn hiu
u vo SET(S), RESET ( R), BI v BCD ta s
dng khi Timer SI sau:
Tn hiu u vo I0.0 chnh l tn hiu kch.
S5T#2s l thi gian t 2s
Hnh 4-37: V d khai bo mt b
Tn hiu ra ca b thi gian tc ng ti
thi gian SP
u ra Q4.0
b. B thi gian SE.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-12: Khi hm thi gian SE

-Nguyn l lm vic:
Ti thi im sn ln ca tn hiu vo SET cui cng b thi gian c thit lp v
thi gian s c tnh ng thi gi tr Logic u ra l "1". Kt thc thi gian t tn
hiu u ra s tr v 0.
67
Hnh 4-13: Gin thi gian khi SE

tr l "0".
c. B thi gian SD.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-14: S khi hm SD.

- Nguyn l lm vic:
Ti thi im sn ln ca tn hiu vo SET b thi gian c thit lp v thi gian
s c tnh. Kt thc thi gian t tn hiu u ra s c gi tr l "1". Khi tn hiu u
vo kch S l "0" u ra cng lp tc tr v "0" ngha l tn hiu u ra s khng c
duy tr hi tn hiu kch c gi tr l "0".
68

Hnh 4-15: Gin thi gian SD.
Khi c tn hiu RESET (R) thi gian tnh lp tc tr v "0" v tn hiu u ra cng gi
tr l "0".
-Trng hp khng s dng cc tn hiu u
vo SET(S), RESET ( R), BI v BCD ta s dng
khi Timer SD sau:
Hnh 4-16:
Tn hiu ra ca b thi gian tc ng ti
V d s dng khi hm SD.
u ra Q4.0.
d. B thi gian SS:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-17: Khai bo b thi gian SS .

- Nguyn l lm vic:
Ti thi im sn ln ca tn hiu vo SET b thi gian c thit lp v thi gian s
c tnh. Kt thc thi gian t tn hiu u ra s c gi tr 1 gi tr ny vn duy tr ngay
c khi tn hiu u vo kch S c gi tr l 0. Khi c tn hiu RESET (R) thi gian tnh lp
tc tr v 0 v tn hiu u ra cng gi tr l "0".
69
Hnh 4-18: Gin thi gian hm SS.
- Trng hp khng s dng cc tn hiu u

vo SET(S), RESET (R), BI v BCD ta s dng
khi Timer SS sau:
Hnh 4-19: V d s dng
Tn hiu ra ca b thi gian tc ng
khi hm SS
ti u ra Q4.0
e. B thi gian SA:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-20: S khi.

- Nguyn l lm vic:
Ti thi im sn ln ca tn hiu vo SET b thi gian c thit lp. Tn hiu u
ra c gi tr l 1. Nhng thi gian s c tnh thi im sn xung cui cng ca tn
hiu u vo SET(S). Kt thc thi gian t tn hiu u ra s tr v 0.
70
Hnh 4-21: Gin thi gian.

tr l "0".
-Trng hp khng s dng cc tn hiu u
vo SET(S), RESET ( R), BI v BCD ta s dng
khi Timer SF sau:
Tn hiu I0.0 l tn hiu kch
Thi gian t S5T#2s l 2s
Hnh 4-22: S dng hm SF.
Hm thi gian s tc ng ti u ra Q4.0
4.4. B M COUNTER:
4.4.1. Nguyn l lm vic:

Counter thc hin chc nng m ti cc sn ln ca cc xung u vo. S7- 300 c
ti a l 256 b m ph thuc vo tng loi CPU, k hiu bi Cx. Trong x l s
nguyn trong khong t 0 n 255. Trong S7- 300 c 3 loi b m thng s dng nht
l : B m tin li (CUD), b m tin (CU)v b m li (CD).
Mt b m tng qut c th c m t nh sau: trong :
CU : BOOL l tn hiu m tin
CD : BOOL l tn hiu m li
S : BOOL l tn hiu t
PV : WORD l gi tr t trc
R : BOOL l tn hiu xo
CV : WORD L gi tr m h m 16
Hnh 4-23:
71

CV_BCD: WORD l gi tr m h m BCD
s khi b m Counter
Q : BOOL L tn hiu ra .
Qu trnh lm vic ca b m c m t nh sau: S sn xung m c, c
ghi vo thanh ghi 2 Byte ca b m, gi l thanh ghi C-Word. Ni dung ca thanh ghi
C-Word c gi l gi tr m tc thi ca b m v k hiu bng CV v CV_BCD.
B m bo trng thi ca C-Word ra ngoi C-bit qua chn Q ca n. Nu CV <> 0 , Cbit c gi tr "1". Ngc li khi CV = 0, C- bit nhn gi tr 0. CV lun l gi tr khng m.
B m s khng m li khi CV = 0.
i vi Counter, gi tr t trc PV ch c chuyn vo C-Word ti thi im xut
hin sn ln ca tn hiu t ti chn S. B m s c xo tc thi bng tn hiu xo
R (Reset). Khi b m c xa c C-Word v C-bit u nhn gi tr 0.
4.4.2. Khai bo s dng:
Vic khai bo s dng mt Counter bao gm cc bc sau:
- Khai bo tn hiu Enable nu mun s dng tn hiu ch ng kch m (S): dng d
liu BOOL
- Khai bo tn hiu u vo m tin CU : dng d liu BOOL
- Khai bo tn hiu u vo m li CD : dng d liu BOOL
- Khai bo gi tr t trc PV: dng d liu WORD
- Khai bo tn hiu xo: dng d liu BOOL
- Khai bo tn hiu ra CV nu mun ly gi tr m tc thi h 16: dng d liu
WORD
- Khai bo tn hiu ra CV-BCD nu mun ly gi tr m tc thi h BCD: dng d
liu WORD
- Khai bo u ra Q nu mun ly tn hiu tc ng ca b m. dng d liu BOOL
Trong cn ch cc tn hiu sau bt buc phi khai bo: Tn ca b m cn s
dng, tn hiu kch m CU hoc CD.
a. B m ti li: CUD
FBD
72
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-24: S khi b m tin li.

- Nguyn l hot ng:
Khi tn hiu I0.2 chuyn t 0 ln 1b m c t gi tr l 55.
Gi tr u ra Q4.0 =1 .
B m s thc hin m tin ti cc sn ln ca tn hiu ti chn CU khi tn hiu I0.0
chuyn gi tr t "0" ln "1"
B m s m li ti cc sn ln ca tn hiu ti chn I0.1 khi tn hiu chuyn t "0"
ln "1"
Gi tr ca b m s tr v 0 khi c tn hiu tai sn ln ca chn R ( I0.3)
b. B m tin : CU
- Nguyn l hot ng:

Khi tn hiu I0.2 chuyn t "0" ln "1" b m c t gi tr l 55. Gi tr u ra
Q4.0 =1 .
B m s thc hin m tin ti cc sn ln ca tn hiu ti chn CU khi tn hiu
I0.0 chuyn gi tr t "0" ln "1"
FBD
LAD
STL
73
Hnh 4-25: s khi b m tin.

Gi tr ca b m s tr v 0 khi c tn hiu tai sn ln ca chn R (I0.3)
B m s ch m n gi tr <= 999.
c. B m li: CD
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-26: S khi b m li.

- Nguyn l hot ng:
Khi tn hiu I0.2 chuyn t "0" ln "1" b m c t gi tr l 55. Gi tr u ra
Q4.0 =1 .
B m s thc hin m li ti cc sn ln ca tn hiu ti chn CD khi tn hiu I0.0
chuyn gi tr t "0" ln"1"
Gi tr ca b m s tr v 0 khi c tn hiu tai sn ln ca chn R (I0.3). B m
s ch m n gi tr >= 0.
4.5. CC BI TP NG DNG:
4.5.1. Thao tc dng cc tip im ca Bit Logic trong lp trnh

Trn thanh Menu ca mn hnh lp trnh ta chn View Catalog
74
Hnh 4-27: Thao tc trn thanh menu

Mn hnh lp trnh s thay i, ta c th thy c cc tp lnh mun s dng xut
hin bn pha tri ca mn hnh trang lp trnh, mn hnh bn phi s dng cho vic lp
trnh.
Hnh 4-28: Mn hnh lp trnh vi ngn ng LAD

Mun chn cc tip im trong Bit Logic, ta ch cn nhp chut vo biu tng Bit
Logic, cc tip im trong Bit Logic s xut hin ngay pha bn di.
75
Hnh 4-29: Mn hnh lp trnh vi cc Bit logic c bn

- Mun s dng tip im no trong Bit Logic, ch cn nhp chut 2 ln ln biu
tng ca tip im . Bn trn mi phn t tip im l a ch ca n.
4.5.2. Thao tc dng b nh thi gian trong lp trnh
Bn phn ca s ca cc khi chc nng lp trnh, ta chn Timers S_ODT. Sau
, nhp s th t cho Timer, nhp thi gian m ti chn TV ca b m.
Hnh 4-30: Mn hnh lp trnh vi cc b nh thi

4.5.3. Thao tc dng b m ln-xung S_CUD
Bn phn ca s ca cc khi chc nng lp trnh, ta chn Counter S_CUD. Sau
ta nhp a ch Counter hoc nhng gi tr cn thit vo cc chn CU, CD, S
76
Hnh 4-31: Mn hnh lp trnh vi cc b Counter
77

Chng 5: CC PHP TON S CA PLC
Ni dung ca chng hc:
- Chc nng so snh
- Chc nng dch chuyn
- Chc nng chuyn i
- Chc nng ton hc
5.1. CHC NNG SO SNH:
5.1.1. Nhm hm so snh s nguyn 16 bit:

FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 4-9: Khi thc hin chc nng so snh bng nhau
C cc dng so snh hai s nguyn 16 bits nh sau :
Hm so snh bng nhau gia hai s nguyn 16 bits: ==
Hm so snh khc nhau gia hai s nguyn 16 bits: <>
Hm so snh ln hn gia hai s nguyn 16 bits: >
Hm so snh nh hn gia hai s nguyn 16 bits: <
Hm so snh ln hn hoc bng nhau gia hai s nguyn 16 bits: >=
Hm so snh nh hn hoc bng nhau gia hai s nguyn 16 bits: <=
Trong v d trn u ra Q4.0 s l "1" khi MW0 = MW1.
5.1.2. Nhm hm so snh hai s nguyn 32 bits:
FBD
LAD
Hnh 5-1: Khi thc hin chc nng so snh

Trong v d trn u ra Q4.0 s l "1" khi MD0 = MD4.
Hm so snh bng nhau gia hai s nguyn 32 bits: ==
Hm so snh khc nhau gia hai s nguyn 32 bits: <>
Hm so snh ln hn gia hai s nguyn 32 bits: >
78
STL

Hm so snh nh hn gia hai s nguyn 32 bits: <
Hm so snh ln hn hoc bng nhau gia hai s nguyn 32 bits: >=
Hm so snh nh hn hoc bng nhau gia hai s nguyn 32 bits: <=
5.1.3. Nhm hm so snh cc s thc 32 bits
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-2: Khi thc hin chc nng so snh hai s thc.
Trong v d trn u ra Q4.0 s l "1" khi MD0 < MD1 . Cc dng so snh
hai s thc 32 bits nh sau :
Hm so snh bng nhau gia hai s thc 32 bits: ==
Hm so snh khc nhau gia hai s thc 32 bits: <>
Hm so snh ln hn gia hai s thc 32 bits: >
Hm so snh nh hn gia hai s thc 32 bits: <
Hm so snh ln hn hoc bng nhau gia hai s thc 32 bits: >=
Hm so snh nh hn hoc bng nhau gia hai s thc 32bits: <=
5.2. CHC NNG DCH CHUYN D LIU:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-3: S khi MOV

- Nguyn l hot ng:
Khi c tn hu kch I0.0 khi Copy c thit lp , tn hiu u ra ENO l Q4.0 =1.
ng thi s liu u vo IN l MW0 c Copy sang u ra OUT l MW2.
Khi tn hiu kch I0.0 = 0 tn hiu u ra Q4.0 = 0.
Trong trng hp mun thay i s liu trong b nh (tc l thay i gi tr trong
MW2) ta c th khng cn s dng tn hiu kch I0.0.
79

5.3. CHC NNG CHUYN I D LIU :
Trong ngn ng lp trnh ca S7-300 c mt s kiu d liu khc nhau nh:

S nguyn 16 bits (Interger)
S nguyn 32 bits (DI)
S nguyn dng BCD.
S thc REAL
V mt s dng d liu khc .
Khi lm vic vi nhiu dng d liu khc nhau cho ta vn cn phi chuyn i
chng. V d khi c tn hiu t cng vo tng t ta nhn c s liu dng nguyn 16
bits mang gi tr tn hiu tng t ch khng phi bn thn gi tr , bi vy x l
tip th cn thit phi chuyn i s nguyn thnh ng gi tr thc, du phi ng
ca tn hiu tng t cng. Ta c mt s hm chuyn i cc dng d liu nh sau:
5.3.1. Hm chuyn s BCD thnh s s nguyn 16 bits:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-4: Chuyn i s BCD sang dng s nguyn 16 bits.

D liu vo/ra: EN: BOOL
OUT:
INT
IN:
WORD
ENO: BOOL
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm thc hin chc nng chuyn s BCD
(MW10) sang s nguyn ri ct vo MW12.
Khi tin hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm khng thc hin chc nng chuyn
i.
5.3.2. Hm chuyn i s nguyn 16 bits sang dng BCD.
FBD
80
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-5: Chuyn i s nguyn sang s BCD.

D liu vo/ra: EN:
BOOL
OUT:
IN:
BCD
INT
ENO: BOOL
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm thc hin chc nng chuyn s

nguyn 16 bits (MW10) sang s BCD ri ct vo MW12.
Khi tin hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm khng thc hin chc nng chuyn
i.
5.3.3. Hm chuyn i s nguyn 16 bits sang s nguyn 32 bits:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-6: Chuyn i s nguyn 16 bits sang s nhuyn 32 bits.

OUT:
DINT
IN:
INT
ENO: BOOL
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm thc hin chc nng chuyn s

nguyn 16 bits (MW10) sang s nguyn 32 bits ri ct vo MW12.
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm khng thc hin chc nng chuyn
i.
5.3.4. Chuyn i s BCD sang s nguyn 32 bits:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm thc hin chc nng chuyn s BCD
(MW10) sang s nguyn 32 bits ri ct vo MW12.
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm khng thc hin chc nng chuyn
i.
81

FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-7: Chuyn s BCD sang s nguyn 32 bits

- Kiu d liu vo/ra: EN:
BOOL
IN:
DWORD
OUT: DINT
ENO: BOOL.
5.3.5. Hm o gi tr cc bits..
a, Vi s nguyn c di 16 bits:
Nguyn l hot ng: Hm s thc hin chc nng chuyn i gi tr cc bits trong
MW8 ri ct vo MW10 khi tn hiu I0.0 =1. ng thi gi tr Q4.0 = 1. Khi I0.0 = 0, gi
tr Q4.0 = 0
Kiu d liu vo/ra:
EN:
BOOL
OUT: INT
FBD
IN:
INT
ENO: BOOL
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-8: Hm thc hin chc nng o gi tr cc bits

V d: Trc khi thc hin: MW8 = 01000001 10000001
Sau khi thc hin:
MW10 = 10111110 01111110
b, Vi s nguyn c di 32 bits.
FBD
82
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-9: Hm thc hin chc nng o gi tr cc bits.

-Nguyn l hot ng: Hm s thc hin chc nng chuyn i gi tr cc bits trong MD8
ri ct vo MD12 khi tn hiu I0.0 =1. ng thi gi tr Q4.0 = 1 . Khi I0.0 = 0, gi tr
Q4.0 = 0
-Kiu d liu vo/ra: EN:
OUT: DINL
BOOL
IN:
DINL
ENO: BOOL
- V d: Trc khi thc hin:

Sau khi thc hin :
MD8 = F0FF FFF0

MD12 = 0F00 000F
5.3.6. Cc hm i du :
Hm s thc hin chc nng i du d liu vo . Cc hm i du nh i du s
thc di 16bits ( I ), 32 bits ( DI ) hay s nguyn ( R ).
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-10: Cc hm i du
Dng d liu vo:
NEG_I
EN
IN
NEG_DI NEG_R
BOOL
TNT
BOOL
DI
OUT
INT
ENO
BOOL
BOOL
REAL
DI
REAL
BOOL
BOOL
V d: Trc khi thc hin MW8 = +10, sau khi thc hin MW10 = -10.
5.3.7. Cc hm thc hin chc nng lm trn (i kiu d liu):
83

FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-11: Cc hm thc hin chc nng lm trn

Hm ROUND : (chuyn s thc thnh s nguyn gn nht) thc hin lm trn nh
sau: nu phn l < 0,5 th lm trn xung. Nu phn l > 0,5 th lm trn ln.
V d:
1,2 -> 1; 1,6 -> 2.

-1,2 -> -1; -1,6 -> -2.
Hm TRUNC: (ch ly phn nguyn) thc hin lm trn xung gi tr trn nh

V d: D liu vo t 1,1 n 1,9 -> 1.
Hm CEIL: thc hin lm trn ln.
V d: D liu vo t 1,1 n 1,9 -> 2.
Hm FLOOR: thc hin lm trn xung.
V d: +1,7 -> 1; - 1,7 -> -2
5.4. CHC NNG T ON HC:
84

5.4.1. Nhm hm lm vic vi s nguyn 16 bits:
a.Cng hai s nguyn 16 bits:
FBD
AD
STL
Hnh 5-12: Khi thc hin chc nng cng hai s nguyn 16 bits.
D liu vo/ra: EN:
BOOL
IN1: INT
IN2: INT
OUT: INT
ENO: BOOL
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin cng hai s

nguyn 16 bits MW0 vi MW2. Kt qu c ct vo MW10. Trong trng hp
tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
b. Tr hai s nguyn 16 bits:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-12: Khi thc hin chc nng tr hai s nguyn 16 bits
IN2:
INT
IN1: INT
OUT: INT
ENO: BOOL
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin tr hai s nguyn 16

bits MW0 vi MW2. Kt qu c ct vo MW10. Trong trng hp tn hiu vo I0.0 =
0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
c. Nhn hai s nguyn 16 bits:
FBD
LAD
STL
85
Hnh 5-13: Khi thc hin chc nng nhn hai s 16 bits.
D liu vo/ra:
EN:
BOOL
IN2: INT
IN1: INT
OUT: IN
ENO: BOOL
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin nhn hai s

nguyn 16 bits MW0 vi MW2. Kt qu c ct vo MW10. Trong trng hp
tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
d. Chia hai s nguyn 16 bits:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-14: Khi thc hin chc nng chia hai s nguyn 16 bits
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin chia hai s nguyn 16
bits MW0 vi MW2. Kt qu c ct vo MW10. Trong trng hp tn hiu vo I0.0 =
0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
5.4.2. Nhm hm lm vic vi s nguyn 32 bits:
a. Cng hai s nguyn 32 bits:
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-12: Khi thc hin chc nng cng hai s nguyn 32 bits
86

Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin cng hai s nguyn 32
bits MD0 vi MD4. Kt qu c ct vo MD10. Trong trng hp tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0
u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
D liu vo/ra: EN:
BOOL
IN1: DINT
IN2: DINT
OUT: DINT
ENO: BOOL
b. Tr hai s nguyn 32 bits:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin tr hai s nguyn 32

bits MD0 vi MD4. Kt qu c ct vo MD10.
Trong trng hp tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin
chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-13: Khi thc hin chc nng tr hai s nguyn 32 bits
IN2:
DIN
IN1: DINT
OUT: DINT
ENO: BOOL
c. Nhn hai s nguyn 32 bits:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin nhn hai s nguyn 32

chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-14: Khi thc hin chc nng nhn hai s nguyn 32 bit
87

IN1: DINT
IN2: DINT
OUT: DINT
ENO: BOOL
d. Chia hai s nguyn 32 bits :
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin chia hai s nguyn 32

chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-15: Khi thc hin chc nng chia hai s nguyn 32 bits
IN2: DINT
IN1: DINT
OUT: DINT
ENO: BOOL
5.4.3. Nhm hm lm vic vi s thc:

a. Cng hai s thc:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin cng hai s thc MD0
+ MD4. Kt qu c ct vo MD10. Trong trng hp tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0
= 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-16: Khi thc hin chc nng cng hai s thc
88
IN1: REAL

IN2: REAL
OUT: REAL
ENO: BOOL
b. Hm tr hai s thc:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin tr hai s thc MD0 MD4. Kt qu c ct vo MD10.
chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-17: Khi thc hin chc nng tr hai s thc.

IN2: REAL
IN1: REAL
OUT: REAL
ENO: BOOL
c. Nhn hai s thc:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin nhn hai s thc MD0 .
MD4. Kt qu c ct vo MD10.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-18: Khi thc hin chc nng nhn hai s thc.
Trong trng hp tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc
hin chc nng.
IN2: REAL
IN1: REAL
OUT: REAL
ENO: BOOL
89

d. Chia hai s thc:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin chia hai s thc MD0:
MD4. Kt qu c ct vo MD10.
chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-19: Khi thc hin chc nng chia hai s thc
IN2: REAL
IN1: REAL
OUT: REAL
ENO: BOOL
e. Hm ly gi tr tuyt i : ABS
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin chc nng ly gi tr

tuyt i ca MD8 ri ct vo MD12
Khi tn hiu vao I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-20: Khi thc hin chc nng ly gi tr thuyt i.

OUT:
IN:
REAL
REAL
ENO: BOOL
V d: MD8= -6,234 x 10-3 thi sau khi thc hin chc nng ABS gi tr MD12 = 6,234 x
10-3.
f. Hm SIN, COS, TAN, ASIN, ACOS, ATAN:
Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 th hm s thc hin chc nng tinh SIN,
90

COS, TAN, ASIN, ACOS, ATAN ca MD0 ri ct vo MD10. Khi tn hiu vo I0.0 = 0
u ra Q4.0 = 0 th hm s khng thc hin chc nng.
FBD
LAD
STL
Hnh 5-22: Khi thc hin chc nng tnh hm Sin.

OUT:
IN:
REAL
REAL
ENO: BOOL
91

Chng 6: CC BI TP NG DNG C BN
Ni dung ca chng ny:
- Bi tp iu khin c bn.
- Bi tp iu khin qu trnh.
6.1. IU KHIN C BN:
6.1.1. Bi tp iu khin my khoan:

Vit chng trnh cho PLC iu khin thit b khoan thy lc ca mt u khoan
t ng m t (hnh 7. 2), vi yu cu k thut nh sau: a chi tit vo v tr cn
khoan, ri n nt Start, mi khoan xoay, u khoan tnh tin v khoan chi tit. t
chiu su khoan cn thit (S4 tc ng), u khoan t ng quay v v kt thc
mt chu k khoan ti S3. Trong qu trnh gia cng nu xy ra s c ta n nt Stop,
u khoan t ng lui v.
Hnh 7.2 C cu khoan

a, Bng phn cng nhim v:
Input (ng vo)
Output (ng ra)
Tn gi
a ch
Tn gi
a ch
Start
I0.0
Sot 1Y
Q0.0
Stop
I0.1
S3
I0.2
S4
I0.3
b, V biu trng thi ca qu trnh hot ng h thng.
92
Hnh : Biu trng thi theo thi gian

c, Kt ni ngoi vi
6.1.2. o chiu ng c:
Vit chng trnh iu khin o chiu ng c in DC. Nhn S1 ng c
quay cng chiu kim ng h, nhn S2 ng c quay ngc chiu kim ng h.
Nhn S0 dng ng c.
Ghi ch : c s dng m hnh (ng c DC).
Sinh vin phi thc hin cc phn sau:
a. Thc hin bng gn nhim v I/0 (Input/Ouput).
Input (ng vo)
Output (ng ra)
Tn gi
Tn gi
a ch
a ch
93
b. V biu trng thi ca qu trnh hot ng h thng..

c. V s kt ni thit b vi PLC
d. Trnh by chng trnh dng STL:
6.1.3. Chuyn i sao tam gic:

Chuyn ch hot ng ca ng c t ch sao (Y) sang tam gic (). Tc
ng tn hiu khi ng ( bng nt nhn PB Start) ng c khi ng ch (Y),
sau 5 giy th ng c chuyn sang hot ng ch (). Dng ng c tc ng tn
hiu ngng ( bng nt nhn PB Stop).
Sinh vin phi thc hin cc phn sau:
a. Thc hin bng gn nhim v I/0 (Input/Ouput).
Input (ng vo)
Output (ng ra)
Tn gi
Tn gi
a ch
b. V biu trng thi ca qu trnh hot ng h thng.

c. V s kt ni thit b vi PLC.
d. Trnh by chng trnh dng LAD:
6.2. IU KHIN QU TRNH:
6.2.1. iu khin cnh tay ROBOT bc hng ha.
94
a ch

START
STOP
RESET
PH1
LS3 LS1
LS2
Bng chuyn B
Bng chuyn A
Loi robot ny hay gp trong cc x nghip cng nghip. Robot nm cht vt t bng
chuyn A b sang bng chuyn B.
1. v tr ban u cnh tay pha bng chuyn B
2. Khi n START ng c thun khi ng quay theo chiu kim ng h. Khi gp
LS1 n dng li ng thi bng chuyn A c khi ng
3. Bng chuyn A a vt tin ti cnh tay. Khi vt chm vo PH1 l cm bin pht
hin vt th cnh tay kp cht ly vt. Khi LS3 tc ng tc l vt c kp cht th ng
c ngc khi ng quay theo chiu ngc li
4. Khi cnh tay chm vo LS2 th n dng v nh vt xung bng chuyn B
5. Bng chuyn B lun hot ng (Khi n START n bt u hot ng)
Gin thi gian
95

Start
TG
Stop
PH1
LS1
LS2
Ls3
DCT
DCN
DC Kep
BCA
a. Phn cng I/O:
u vo
u ra
I0.0
Start
Q0.0
DC Thun
I0.1
Stop
Q0.1
DC Ngc
I0.2
PH1
Q0.2
Bng chuyn A
I0.3
LS1
Q0.3
DC Kp
I0.4
LS2
I0.5
LS3
I0.6
Reset

d. Trnh by chng trnh dng LAD:
6.2.2. iu khin cu trc:
96

S5
S4
S1
S3
RESET
START
ARLAM
STOP
S2
TANK
Khi n START trc ko cun trn a mc ln, khi sensor S3 tc ng th trc ko

ngng cun. Sau trc ko di chuyn sang tri, n v tr sensor S4 tc ng th n
dng v h mc xung a sn phm vo chng cha (TANK). a sn phm xung khi
S2 tc ng th ngng. Sn phm trong thng 20 s. Sau thi gian trn sn phm c
nhc ln v di chuyn qua tri cho n khi sensor S5 tc ng th dng li. Mc c h
n v tr S2 th chung s reo ln, ngi vn hnh ly sm phm v nhn RESET chung
ht reo, mc c ko ln v tr S3 ri di chuyn v v tr S1 ri h mc xung v v S2.
a. Phn cng I/O:
u vo
u ra
I0.0: START
Q0.0: NG C SANG TRI
I0.1: RESET
Q0.1: NG C SANG PHI
I0.2: STOP
Q0.2: NG C KO LN
I1.1: S1
Q0.3: NG C H MC XUNG
I1.1: S2
Q0.4: CHUNG
I1.3: S3
I1.4: S4
I1.5: S5
97

PB1
TG
PB2
Stop
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
MTrai
MPhai
MLen
MXuong
Coi
T37
20s
d. Trnh by chng trnh dng LAD.
6.2.3. n giao thng ng t:

Yu cu cng ngh: Lp trnh h thng n giao thng ng t theo trnh t sau.
X1
V1
D1
X2
V2
D2
98
Start
Stop
y1
Wa
n xanh X1 sng trong 25 giy
Ri n n vng V1 sng trong 5 giy
n xanh X2 sng trong 25 giy
Ri n n vng V2 sng trong 5 giy
a. Phn cng I/O:

6.2.4. M hnh h thng pha trn mu sn

Yu cu cng ngh:
Mu sn c to ra bi 3 mu c bn: Xanh dng, v xanh lc (Q0.1, Q0.2,
Q0.3).
- T l cc mu c ci t thng qua thi gian chy ca cc bm.
- Khi bm cc loi sn vo th ng thi ng c trn (Q0.0) s thc hin trn.
- Khi tt c cc bm sn bm th ng c trn s tip tc hot ng trong 10
giy na ri dng ng c trn.
- X sn trong bnh thng qua van (Q0.4) v ng c x (Q0.5) cho n khi tc ng
ca sensor I0.3 mc thp th dng x.
- Nu lng sn trong bnh cha vt mc gii hn cao I0.2 th s ngng bm v tip
trc trn.
- Sau khi thc hin xong th tip tc bm v thc hin m khc.
99

Motor1 (Q 0.0)
Blue color
Motor2 (Q 0.1)
Green color
olor
Red c
Motor4 (Q 0.3)
Motor3 (Q 0.2)
SS
Sensor1 (I 0.2)
SS
Sensor2 (I 0.3)
Valve (Q 0.4)
Motor5 (Q 0.5)
a. Phn cng I/O:
6.2.5. H thng ng thng sn.
Yu cu cng ngh: ng gi cc hp sn sau khi c pha trn.

- Bng chuyn th nht c iu khin vi motor1 (q0.0) chuyn cc hp sn sau
khi c pha trn.
- Khi hp sn i n gp sensor1 pht hin th bng ti dng li v robot (Q0.3) hot
ng a hp sn vo thng. Bng chuyn Q0.0 tip tc hot ng.
- Khi bn hp sn trong thng th bng ti Q0.1 hot ng cho n khi sensor2
(I0.3) tc ng thi dng li.
- V h thng li tip tc hot ng b vo thng tip theo...
Sensor1 (I 0.2)
Motor1 (Q 0.0)
Robot (Q 0.2)
Motor2 (Q 0.1)
Sensor2 (I 0.3)
a. Phn cng I/O:
100

6.2.6. H thng t ng iu khin vo ra.

Motor_up (Q0.1)
Position_open (I 0.3)
Motor_down (Q0.0)
Motor
Sensor (I 0.4)
Position_close (I 0.2)
- H thng s t ng m ca khi c xe vo ra thng qua cm bin quang (I 0.5). Ca

s ng sau khi ch i 10s khng c xe.
- Khi c xe n sensor cm bin nhn dng (I0.5) s tc ng, ng c Q0.0 s ko
ca ln cho n khi tc ng cng tc hnh trnh I0.4 th dng li.
- Nu sensor cm bin nhn dng khng tc ng th lc tnh thi gian tr sau 10
giy th Q0.1 tc ng ng ca li.
a. Phn cng u vo, u ra
Symbol
Address
Comment
Start
I0.0
Nt nhn start
Stopped
I0.1
Nt nhn stop
Position_close
I0.2
Cng tc hnh trnh bo ca ng
Position_open
I0.3
Cng tc hnh trnh bo ca m
Sensor
I0.4
Sensor siu m xc nh c xe cn ra vo ca
Motor_up
Q0.0
ng c ko ca ln
motor_down
Q0.1
ng c ko ca xung
101

Start (I 0.0)
Stopped (I 0.1)
Position_close (I 0.2)
Position_open (I 0.3)
Sensor sieu am (I 0.4)
Motor_down (Q 0.0)
Motor_up (Q 0.1)
102
10s
t
t

TI LIU THAM KHO
1- Ti liu PLC S7-300 SIEMENS - Trn Xun Cng Trng HSPKT

Hng Yn.
2- Help trong phn mm Step 7 v5.4 - Siemens
3- iu khin PLC HBKHN
4- Tra cu ti liu trn mng: www.diendandientu.com
www.dientuvietnam.com
www.siemens.com
103

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Hnh 1-2: Lu iu khin bng PLC

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Hnh 1-8: Hnh PLC ca hng Mitsubishi

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Hnh 1-9: Hnh PLC ca hng Siemens

u tin l kh nng v gi tr cng nh nhu cu v h thng s gip ngi s dng

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- Pht biu cu trc ca mt PLC.

Thng thng, tng tnh mm do trong ng dng thc t m phn ln cc i

Hnh 2-1: Cu trc phn cng ca h thng PLC S7-300

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Hnh 2-2: Modul CPU

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ch chy chng trnh

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Hnh 2-3: S b tr mt trm PLC( S7-300).

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+ DI (Digital input): Modul m rng cng vo s. S cc cng vo ca modul ny

SM 321; DI 16 _ 120 VAC, 4*4 nhm

SM 321; DI 8 _ 120/230 VAC, 2*4 nhm

SM 321; DI 32 _ 120 VAC 8*4 nhm

+ DO (Digital output): Modul m rng cng ra s. S cc cng ra ca modul ny c

SM 322; DO 32 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*4 nhm

SM 322; DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*2 nhm

SM 322; DO 8 _ 24 VDC/2 A, 4*2 nhm

SM 322; DO 16 _ 120 VAC/1 A, 8*2 nhm

SM 322; DO 8 _ 120/230 VAC/2 A, 4*2 nhm

SM 322; DO 32_ 120 VAC/1.0 A, 8*4 nhm

SM 322; DO 16 _ 120 VAC ReLay, 8*2 nhm

SM 322; DO 8 _ 230 VAC Relay, 4*2 nhm

SM 322; DO 8 _ 230 VAC/5A Relay,1*8 nhm

+ DI/DO (Digital input/ Digital output): Modul m rng cc cng vo/ra s s cc

SM 323; DI 16/DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A

SM 323; DI 8/DO 8 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A

+ AI (Analog Input): Modul m rng cc cng vo tng t.

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