FCPS Part -1 MCQs Test

(Question with
Explanation)
Posted on May 29, 2013 by fareed No Comments

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Medicine
A patient has been taking anti-tuberculous
therapy for MDR-TB. His drugs regimen
contains 6 drugs. The patient eventually
develops difficulty in distinguishing red &
green colours. Which of the following drugs
is responsible for this effect?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Amiodrone
Pyrazinamide
Rifampicin
Ethambutol
Ciprofloxacin

Ethambutol is one of the drugs used in anti-tuberculous therapy. Optic

neuritis is an important, though rare side effect of ethambutol. If optic
neuritis develops, red-green colour vision may be lost first. This agent should
probably not be used in young children in whom it may be difficult to assess
vision.

For good verbal communication skills which

of the followings is necessary?
1. Good comprehension
2. Good vocabulary

3. Fluent Speech
4. Competence in presentation
This is one of the questions that only require common sense. So common
sense tells us that fluent speech is an absolute requirement for good
communication skills. The other three options simply dont fit.

Ejaculation is mediated by:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Sympathetic stimulation
Parasympathetic stimulation
Both a & b
Pudendal nerve
None

Innervation of the male sexual response is as followings: Erection:

Parasympathetic nervous system (through pelvic nerve) Emission:
Sympathetic nervous system (through hypogastric nerve) Ejaculation:
visceral & somatic nerves (though pudendal nerve)

Serum Gastrin levels are increased by

prolonged use of:
1.
2.
3.
4.

H2 Receptor blockers
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Antacids
Anticholinergics

The most appropriate answer is Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) because they
irreversibly inhibit H+ /K+ -ATPase in stomach parietal cells. H2 blockers on
the other hand cause a reversible block of histamine H2 receptors resulting
in decreased production of H+. Since the PPI are irreversible blockers of the
Proton pump they cause a more sustained decrease in H+ production. This,
through positive feedback increases the secretion of Gastrin. Generally
increased acid (H+ ions) causes decreased production of Gastrin &
decreased acid (such as through PPI use) cause increase in Gastrin secretion.

ECG of a patient shows progressively

increasing PR intervals followed by dropped
beat. What is the condition?

1.
2.
3.
4.

Third degree heart block

Mobitz Type 1
Sinus arrhythmia
Mobitz Type 2

Heart blocks are of three types: 1.First degree heart block: PR interval
prolonged (>200 ms) 2.Second degree heart block: Mobitz Type 1:
Progressive lengthening of the PR interval until a beat is dropped (a P wave
not followed by a QRS complex). Mobitz Type 2: Dropped beats that are not
preceded by a change in the length of the PR interval 1.Third degree heart
block: The atria & ventricles beat independently of each other.

Which of the following is an example of a

pivot joint?
1.
2.
3.
4.

Temporomandibular Joint
Altanto-occipital Joint
Median Atlanto-axial Joint
Intervertebral joint

Pivot Joint is type of joint in which rounded or conical surfaces of one bone fit
into a ring of bone or tendon allowing rotation. An example of this type of
joint is between axis and atlas in the neck that is the median atlanto-axial
joint in which the dens (odontoid process) of axis articulates with inner
surface of the arch of atlas.

Gastroesophageal junction competence is

increased by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Lying supine
Paralysis of the diaphragm
Use of Morphine
Use of Metoclopromide
Increased intra-abdominal pressure

Metoclopromide is D2 receptor antagonist that increased the resting tone of

GIT, increases contractility & increases Lower esophageal junction tone. It is
clinically used for Diabetic & post-surgery gastroparesis. Toxicity includes
parkinsonian effects, restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea,
diarrhea. Contraindicated in patients with small bowel obstruction. Other
option under this question actually decrease the GE junction tone.

Alpha-1 receptor stimulation causes:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Pupillary dilatation
Increased heart rate
Increased contractility
Increased gastric motility

Apha-1 receptor causes Increased smooth muscles contraction, such as in

arterioles where it increases TPR & so BP Increased pupillary muscle
dilatation (mydriasis) Increased heart rate (choice b) & increased
contractility (choice c) of heart, although a function of sympathetic system,
is not mediated by alpha-1 receptors rather it is mediated by Beta-1 receptor
stimulation in heart. Also increased gut motility (choice d) is purely a
parasympathetic function.

Corneal opacities are caused by:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Ethambutol
Phenothiazines
Cholorquine
Penicillamine

Chloroquine is commonly used anti-malarial used for the treatment &

prevention of Malaria. One of its important side effects occurs in the eyes. It
can cause corneal deposits, lenticular deposits & damage to the retina.

A patient with acute blood loss, the

mechanism triggered immediately would be:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Baroreceptor Reflex
Renin-angiotensin System
Chemoreceptor
CNS ischemic response

Most important and quick response in severe hemorrhage such as acute

blood loss is the baroreceptor reflex. Baroreceptors are present in the aortic
arch (signal transmitted via vagus nerve to medulla) & carotid sinus (signal
transmitted via glossopharyngeal nerve to medulla). Barorecptors respond to
changes in BP as following: Hypotension decreased arterial pressure
decreased stretch on baroreceptors decreased afferent baroreceptor firing
increased efferent sympathetic firing & decreased efferent

parasympathetic stimulation vasoconstriction, increase HR, increased

contractility, increased BP.

Total Points: 0 correct out of 10

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