Ecodial Advance Calculation

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L P TH C HNH THI T K M&E

Ecodial AC 4
Ni dung

Tn thit b ............................................................................................................... 4
Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480 ............................................. 5
Loi ni t h thng............................................................................................... 6
Cc loi tn hao ca bin p................................................................................... 7
H s ng thi Ks .................................................................................................. 8
Trng thi ca thit b ng ct v cc ch hot ng .................................... 9
Bo v chn lc ca cc thit b bo v h th ....................................................10
Kim tra cc ng sut nhit trong cp ..................................................................11
Bo v chn lc ca cc thit b bo v dng r..................................................12
Bo v chn lc gia cc thit b bo v trung th v h th..............................13
Ghp tng ................................................................................................................14
Cu dao t ng v dao ct c th ko ra ...........................................................15
C ch iu khin bng in cho cu dao t ng v dao ct ...........................16
M dao ct t xa .....................................................................................................17
Trng thi ngt c th nhn thy ............................................................................18
Phn loi cc thit b bo v dng r ....................................................................19
Loi thit b bo v dng r ...................................................................................20
Thit b bo v dng r c nhy cao ................................................................21
Thit b bo v dng r c nhy trung bnh ....................................................22
St p ti a c php cho ph ti .....................................................................23
Gii hn st p ca mch ......................................................................................24
Phng php lp t cp.......................................................................................25
Tit din ti a c php .....................................................................................26
Xc nh kch c cp theo ci t hoc nh mc ca cu dao t ng............27
S mch in i chung...........................................................................................28
Mo hi bc ba ........................................................................................................29
La chn v thay i cc gii php bng tay ......................................................30
H s hiu chnh nh mc cho cc h thng dy dn ........................................31
Loi b yu cu bo v qu ti cho cc mch an ton ........................................32
H s cng sut cho ngn mch trn ngun LV ..................................................33
Tnh ton tng tr pha ngun h th, da trn Ik3max .......................................34
Tnh ton tr khng trung tnh ngun h th, da trn Ik1min ...........................35
Tnh ton tr khng PE ca ngun h th, da trn Ief .......................................36
Tnh ton tr khng PE ngun h th, da trn Ief2min......................................37
Tnh nht qun ca thng s u vo ngun h th............................................38
Kiu iu chnh t b h th ..................................................................................39
Cc loi t b h th ...............................................................................................40
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Ecodial AC 4

L P TH C HNH THI T K M&E

Ngng cng sut phn khng . .............................................................................41

Phi hp gia cu dao t ng v cng tc t. ...................................................42
Cc loi tc ng ct bo v nhit ng c ..........................................................43
Dng xung qu ca ng c . ............................................................................44
M men qu ca bin tn . ..................................................................................45
Kh nng ct n cc in p pha-pha trn cc h thng IT . .........................46
Kh nng ct n cc in p pha-trung tnhtrn cc h thngTN. ...............47
Phn phi ng ra cho h thng thanh dn (BTS/Busway) . ..................................48
Khong cch t u vo thanh dn .......................................................................49
Thit b bo v trung th . ........................................................................................50
Cng ngh cu ch trung th . .................................................................................51
Loi rle trung th . ..................................................................................................52
Cc ng cong c tuyn ct theo thi gian ca rle trung th k thut s ..53
Kt ni u vo UPS . ...............................................................................................54
D phng dng UPS. ...............................................................................................55
Ch UPS . .............................................................................................................56
UPS yu cu my bin p. .......................................................................................57
S lng UPS . .........................................................................................................58
S UPS d phng . ..............................................................................................59
S u tt (bypass) . .................................................................................................60
Thi gian d phng ca c qui...............................................................................61
Thit b chng st . ...................................................................................................62
Cho php/ Khng cho php chc nng chn thit b chng st. ........................63
Nhy cm vi hin tng qu in p ...................................................................63
Lp t thm CB . .....................................................................................................63
La chn thit b chng xung st...........................................................................64

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Ecodial AC 4

Tn thit b

Tin t mc nh ca tn thit b c xc nh theo tiu chun IEC 81.346-2.

Tiu chun ny nh ngha cc quy tc sau y ty thuc vo loi thit b.
M

TA

nh ngha IEC 81.346-2

Truyn ti nng lng in h
th ( 1 000 V ac hay 1 500 V
dc)
Phn phi nng lng in h
th ( 1 000 V ac hay 1 500 V
dc)
V my v cc thit b in
nng h tr
Chuyn i in nng nhng
vn duy tr kiu nng lng v
dng nng lng

QA

Chuyn mch v cc dng ca

mch in nng

QB
MA

Cch ly mch in
Chy bng lc in t

GA

Khi ng lung in nng

bng cch s dng c nng

WD

WC
UC

EA
CA
RB

Pht bc x in t chiu
sng bng in nng
Lu tr in dung nng lng
in
n nh dng in

V d
S xuyn, cp, dy dn

Thnh phn Ecodial

Cc h thng cp h
th v h thng thanh
dn in (BTS)

thanh ci, trung tm iu khin

ng c, t hp t phn phi

thanh ci v h thng
thanh dn in

T my v nh trm

T phn phi h th

Bin i AC/DC, bin i tn s,

bin p cng sut, bin p
My ngt, cng tc t, khi ng
ng c, bn dn cng sut,
thyristor
B ct u ni, dao ct cu ch,
b ngt u ni cu ch-dao ct,
dao ct cch ly, dao ct ngt ph
ti
ng c in, ng c tuyn tnh
Dynamo, my pht in, b my
pht-ng c, my pht cng
sut, my pht xoay
n hunh quang, ng hunh
quang, n si t, n, bng
n, laser, n LED,

Bin p MV/LV v
LV/LV

T in
B lu in (UPS)

T in
UPS

My ngt v cng tc
t
Dao ct v dao ct cu
ch
ng c khng ng b
My pht khn cp
Ph ti chiu sng

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Ecodial AC 4

Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480

iu chnh h s in p c
Bng 7 trong bo co k thut CENELEC TR50480 c ngun gc t Bng 1 trong tiu chun IEC 60.909.
in p nh mc
100 V n 1000 V

H s in p
Cmax
Cmin
1.1
0.95

Hn ch ca h s khng ti m
Cc h s khng ti m no c trong bo co k thut CENELEC R064-003, b loi b khi tt c cc
phng trnh trong bo co k thut CENELEC TR50480.

Tnh ton dng ngn mch vi my bin p u song song

Bo co k thut CENELEC TR50480 nh ngha chnh xc hn phng php tr khng tnh dng
ngn mch trong cc cng trnh c cung cp ngun bng cc bin p u song song .
Ngun my pht

Ngun trung th
ZQ

ZG
ZSUP

ZC

Ngun trung th + cc bin p trung th/h th u

song song

ZSUP

ZQ
ZSUP

ZC

ZC
ZT

ZSUP = ZC + ZG

ZSUP = Z Q + Z C

va o: ZSUP =

ZQ ( ZT + ZC )

ZQ (ZT + ZC )
u ra: ZSUP =
nT

nT 1
n T l tng s cc bin p hot ng ng thi.
u va o = dy dn gia my bin p v t phn phi
chnh.
u ra = mch cp ngun cho ton b thit b cui ngun
ca t phn phi chnh

ng gp ca ng c khng ng b vo dng ngn mch

Bo co k thut CENELEC TR50480 xc nh h s K M cn p dng cho cc tr khng ( RSUP , XSUP)
tnh n ng gp ca ng c.
Bng di y tm tt cc iu kin trong ng gp ca ng c khng ng b vo dng ngn
mch phi c tnh n.
Loi ngun

ng c

Cp ngun qua bin p

trung th/h th

Khng c b
chuyn i tnh

nh mc cng sut
tng ca cc ng c
hot ng ng thi
(SrM)
> 25% nh mc cng
sut tng ca my bin
p ( SR T)

Gi tr KM

5
5

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S
rT

rT

+ 1,1 SrM

Ecodial AC 4

Loi ni t h thng
H thng TN-S

H thng TN-C
Khng c php lt t
cc trm c nguy c chy,
n.

H thng TT

H thng IT
Nu c th, khng phn phi
trung tnh

bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Ecodial AC 4

Cc loi tn hao ca bin p

Loi bin p du
Tn hao ca bin p du trung th/h th c xc nh theo tiu chun EN 50.464-1 cho:
Tn hao trong iu kin khng ti (P 0 )
Tn hao trong iu kin c ti (Pk)
Phn loi ny ng cho cc bin p dng du khong v du thc vt.
Tn hao khng ti
(P0)
Hiu sut ti u

Tn hao c ti (Pk)

Hiu sut tiu chun

Hiu sut tiu chun

Hiu sut ti u

Bin p kh
Bin p kh thng c hai mc mt mt c th:
tn hao bnh thng
tn hao suy gim

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Ecodial AC 4

H s ng thi Ks

Tiu chun IEC 61.439-1 xc nh cc gi tr ca h s ng thi (Ks) gi tr c th c s dng nu

thiu thng tin chnh xc hn v t phn phi v h thng thanh dn in (BTS).
Ecodial mc nh s dng cc gi tr tnh ton dng thit k cho BTS v thanh ci.

Thanh ci ca t phn phi

S u ra
1
2-3
4-5
6 n 9
10 v ln hn

Ks
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6

BTS phn phi

S lng u ra
1
2-3
4-5
6 n 9
10 n 40
Trn 40

Ks
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5

bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

H s ng thi v ch hot ng
i vi BTS phn phi v cc thanh ci, c th thit lp h s ng thi cho tng loi ch hot ng.
n gin ch cn chn mt ch hot ng v nhp mt gi tr gia 0 v 1 cho tham s Ks. Gi tr tr
thnh gi tr mc nh cho cc ch hot ng hin ti (biu tng kha bn cnh cc tham s ng li
) v Ecodial s khng sa i gi tr nh mt hm ca s u ra. Trong cc ch hot ng khc,
gi tr Ks s tip tc c Ecodial tnh ton, tr khi gi tr c thit lp nh nu trn.

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Ecodial AC 4

Trng thi ca thit b ng ct v cc ch hot ng

Thng s ny xc nh v tr m/ng (off/on) ca cu dao t ng v dao ct trong nhng ch hot

ng khc nhau. Ecodial c th qun l nhng iu kin trng thi khc nhau ca thit b o mch ty
theo ch hot ng. Nh vy c th tnh n nhng thit b c cp t nhiu ngun, nhng thit b
cung cp ct ti hoc nhng thit b vi ch vn hnh tm thi.
Khi trng thi ca mt cu dao t ng hoc dao ct l "ng" th mch cui ngun ca cu dao t ng
(hoc dao ct) c cp ngun trong ch hot ng hin ti.
Khi trng thi ca mt cu dao t ng hoc dao ct l "m" th mch cui ngun khng c cp ngun
trong ch hot ng hin ti.

Khi mt phn ca li khng c cp ngun trong ch hot ng hin ti, n c hin th bng
mu xanh dng trong s n tuyn. Bit rng iu kin trng thi "ng" l chung nht trong cc h
thng thng thng, ch iu kin trng thi "m" l c hin th trn s n tuyn.

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Ecodial AC 4

Bo v chn lc ca cc thit b bo v h th
Nguyn tc
Thit lp tc thi ca thit b bo v cui ngun
Vng pht hin giao ct.
Gii hn bo v chn lc = dng
ti cc ng cong ct nhau.

Vng bng.
Kim tra cc bng bo v chn lc ca
nh sn xut xc nh gii hn.

ng cong
c tuyn ct

ng cong
khng tc ng

Bo v chn lc mt phn v ton phn

Nu ng cong c tuyn ct ca bo v cui ngun ct ng cong khng tc ng ca bo v u
ngun, bo v chn lc c coi l mt phn v dng ti cc ng cong ct nhau c gi l dng
bo v chn lc hoc dng gii hn bo v chn lc.
Nu dng gii hn bo v chn lc nh hn dng ngn mch c th xy ra trn cc mch c bo v
bi cc thit b bo v cui ngun, bo v chn lc c cho l mt phn.
Nu dng gii hn bo v chn lc nh ln hn dng ngn mch ti a c th xy ra trn cc mch
c bo v bi cc thit b bo v cui ngun, bo v chn lc c cho l ton phn i vi lp t
hin hu.

Cc bin php t bo v chn lc ton phn

Nu ng cong i qua vng pht hin ct, tc l nh hn dng thit lp tc thi cui ngun, cc ci t
trn cc thit b bo v c th c iu chnh t c bo v chn lc. Vic s dng cc thit b ct
c thi gian tr lm cho iu ny d dng hn.
Nu gii hn bo v chn lc nm trong vng bng, nh mc ca cc thit b bo v u ngun phi
c tng ln. Trong trng hp ny, Ecodial gi nguyn dng thit k mch Ib lm tham kho cho cc
thit lp nhit ca thit b bo v trnh nh c cp qu mc cn thit.
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Ecodial AC 4

Kim tra cc ng sut nhit trong cp

Nguyn tc
Ecodial kim tra ng sut nhit cho tt c cc dy dn trong cp:
pha,
trung tnh,
PE hoc PEN.
ng sut nhit nm trong gii hn cho php nu:
ngng Isd nh hn so vi cc dng ngn mch ti thiu (IEC 60.364 533.3.2).
Nu khng, Ecodial kim tra xem:
ng sut nhit (i t) trong mi dy dn (pha, trung tnh, PE hoc PEN) khng ct ng cong t (i)
ca thit b bo v.

Ikmin

i t pha

i t trung
t h
i t PE

Cn c bin php nu cp khng c bo v chng li ng sut nhit

Nu cc iu kin trn khng c p ng, c hai cch hiu chnh mch:
lp t mt thit b bo v c th iu chnh trn Isd c th t thp hn Ikmin,
tng bng tay tit din ca dy dn (s) cha c bo v bi cc thit b bo v dng.

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Ecodial AC 4

Bo v chn lc ca cc thit b bo v dng r

Nguyn tc
Bo v chn lc gia cc thit b bo v dng r c coi l t nu cc iu kin sau y c p
ng:
nhy ca thit b u ngun ln hn gp i nhy ca thit b cui ngun,
thi gian ngt ca thit b u ngun di hn so vi thi gian ngt cc thit b cui ngun 1,4 ln.
nhy ca thit b cui ngun cng phi p ng cc iu kin di y:
nhy (I n) x 2 dng s c (Ief).
2 bo v chn lc theo dng: OK
I n x2 Ief bo v ngi OK

Ikmin

1.4 bo v chn lc theo dng OK

Bo v chn lc mt phn
Khi iu kin bo v chn lc nhy khng c p ng, bo v chn lc c coi l mt phn.
Tuy nhin nu iu kin bo v chn lc thi gian ngt khng c p ng th khng c bo v chn
lc gia hai thit b bo v dng r (ngay c khi iu kin bo v chn lc nhy c p ng).

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Ecodial AC 4

Bo v chn lc gia cc thit b bo v trung th v h th

kim tra bo v chn lc gia cc thit b bo v trung th v h th, ng cong c tuyn ct phi
c so snh trn cng mt bn ca my bin p.
Trong Ecodial ng cong c tuyn ct ca thit b bo v trung th c chuyn thnh ng cong
in h th tng ng phn tch bo v chn lc.
Ty theo thit b bo v MV l mt cu ch hay rle, cc quy tc m bo s bo v chn lc gia
trung th v h th l khc nhau.

Vi cu ch trung th:
tt c cc phn ca ng cong c tuyn ct cu ch phng trc khi pht sinh h quang trc
ti thiu phi nm pha bn phi ca ng cong CB theo h s t 1,35 tr ln (v d nh khi
vo thi im T, ng cong c tuyn ct CB i qua mt im tng ng vi 100 A, ng
cong c tuyn ct cu ch ti cng thi im T phi i qua mt im tng ng vi 135 A, hoc
ln hn, v vv ...),
v tt c cc phn ca ng cong c tuyn ct cu ch phi nm trn trn ng cong CB
theo h s 2 hoc hn (v d nh khi mc dng I ng cong c tuyn ct CB i qua mt
im tng ng vi 1,5 giy, th ng cong c tuyn ct cu ch cng mt mc dng I phi
i qua mt im tng ng vi 3 giy, hoc hn, vv.)
Cc h s 1,35 v 2 da trn dung sai sn xut ti a tiu chun cho cu ch trung th v cu dao t
ng h th.
i vi rle trung th gn vi cu dao t ng trung th:
tt c cc phn ca ng cong c tuyn ct CB trung th ti thiu phi nm bn phi ca
ng cong c tuyn ct CB h th theo h s 1,35 tr ln (v d nh khi thi im T, ng
cong c tuyn ct CB h th i qua mt im tng ng vi 100 A, th ng cong c tuyn
ct CB trung th ti cng thi im T phi i qua mt im tng ng vi 135 A hoc hn, v
vv ...),
v tt c cc phn ca ng cong c tuyn ct CB trung th phi nm trn ng cong c
tuyn ct CB h th (thi gian ca ng cong c tuyn ct CB h th phi nh hn hoc bng
ng cong c tuyn ct CB trung th tr 0,3 s).
Cc h s 1,35 v 0,3 s da trn dung sai sn xut ti a tiu chun cho bindng trung th, bo v rle
trung th v cu dao t ng h th.
Trong trng hp s dung cu ch- dao ct ti h th, vic phn tch tng t cho cc ng cong c
tuyn ca thit b bo v trung th v cu ch h th phi c tn trng.
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Ecodial AC 4

Ghp tng
Thit lp cc tham s mc nh v ring
Trong tab Tham s d n, trong khu vc la chn thit b, c th yu cu rng h thng th thit lp
ghp tng cho tt c thit b bo v cui cng, tc l nhng thit b ngay u ngun ca ph ti. Mch
cui cng l ni c s lng u ra ln nht v do ni tng c th cung cp nhng li ch ln nht.
Ngoi ra, mi thit b cu dao t ng trong qu trnh ci t c mt tham s ring cho mnh, trong s cc
c tnh cu dao t ng, kch hot hoc dng h thng n lc thit lp tng.

Cc c gng tm kim mt gii php ghp tng

Khi cn ghp tng cho mt cu dao t ng, Ecodial tm kim mt gii php ghp tng vi cu dao t
ng u ngun.
Nu Ecodial khng th tm thy mt gii php ghp tng vi cu dao t ng u ngun, mt thng ip
cnh bo c hin th trong ca s bo ng v cc gii php khng ghp tng c xut.

Gii hn ca ghp tng

Mt s cu hnh trong lp t in khin cho khng th ghp tng:
cu dao t ng c chn cho ghp tng c cp ngun bi hai mch song song,
cu dao t ng c chn cho ghp tng v cu dao t ng u ngun nm trn cc pha i din
ca mt bin p LV / LV.
cu dao t ng cui ngun ca my bin
p MV / LV song song.

cu dao t ng nm trn cc pha i din

ca mt bin p LV / LV

Khng ghp

Khng ghp

Cc cu hnh khc trong khng th ghp tng

Khi cu dao t ng c cp ngun bi cu dao t ng hot ng theo cc ch hot ng khc
nhau, Ecodial khng th tm mt gii php ghp tng.

Khng tm kim mt gii

php ghp tng

bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Ecodial AC 4

Cu dao t ng v dao ct c th ko ra

Nu cn mt cu dao t ng hoc dao ct c th ko ra, Ecodial la chn cc thit b ch c th tho ra

khi khung (phin bn ko c hoc rt c) hoc mt (phin bn plug-in), tc l kh nng ko ra
c khng ph thuc vo t in m trong chng c lp t .
Nu kh nng ko ra c l khng cn thit, Ecodial xut cc gii php khng cn dng n cc tnh
nng ny.
Trong cc kt qu, Ecodial ch ra liu tng thit b c phin bn ko ra c hay khng.
V d v cc cu dao t ng ko ra c

cu dao t ng Masterpact NT
Drawout (trn khung).

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cu dao t ng Compact
NSX Withdrawable (trn
khung).

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cu dao t ng Compact
NSX Plug-in (trn ).

Ecodial AC 4

C ch iu khin bng in cho cu dao t ng v dao ct

Nu mt cu dao t ng hoc dao ct cn c ch iu khin bng in, Ecodial ch la chn cc thit b

cung cp ty chn ny.
Nu ty chn ny l khng cn thit, Ecodial xut cc gii php m khng tnh n ty chn ny.
Trong cc kt qu, Ecodial ch ra liu tng thit b c ty chn ny hay khng.

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Ecodial AC 4

M dao ct t xa

Nu cn thit m t xa mt dao ct, Ecodial ch la chn cc thit b cung cp ty chn ny.

V d chc nng ny c th c s dng sa thi ph ti.
Nu ty chn ny khng c yu cu, Ecodial ch la chn ch cc thit b khng th m c t xa.
Trong trng hp khng c mt ch th (thng s thit lp thnh Any), Ecodial xut cc gii php
m khng tnh n ty chn ny.
Trong mi trng hp, Ecodial ch ra trong cc kt qu liu tng thit b c th m c t xa hay
khng.

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Ecodial AC 4

Trng thi ngt c th nhn thy

i vi mt s ng dng nht nh, trng thi ngt mch c th cn c nhn thy v l do an ton.
Trn mt thit b cung cp trng thi ngt c th nhn thy, nhn vin vn hnh c th nhn thy qua mt
mn hnh trong sut cc tip im ang thc s m. V d, cc sn phm Interpact INV cung cp chc
nng an ton kp vi trng thi ngt c th nhn thy v ch th c tip xc.

Nu dao ct cn c trng thi ngt c th nhn thy, Ecodial ch la chn dao ct c chc nng ny.
Nu khng cn thit, Ecodial ch la chn cc thit b khng cung cp chc nng ny.
Trong trng hp khng c mt ch th (thng s thit lp thnh Any), Ecodial xut cc gii php
m khng tnh n chc nng ny.
Trong mi trng hp, Ecodial ch ra trong cc kt qu liu chc nng c sn hay khng.

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Ecodial AC 4

Phn loi cc thit b bo v dng r

Tiu chun IEC 60.755 (Yu cu chung cho cc thit b bo v dng r) xc nh ba loi bo v dng r
ty thuc vo c im dng s c.
Loi AC
Tc ng ct c m bo cho dng r xoay chiu hnh sin, khng c thnh phn DC.
Loi A
Tc ng ct c m bo cho dng r xoay chiu hnh sin, v thnh phn dng r DC.
Loi B
Tc ng ct c m bo cho nhng dng r ging ca loi A v cho dng r trc tip pht sinh t
cc thit b nn dng ba pha.
Ngoi ra, Schneider Electric cung cp cc loi thit b bo v dng r sau y trong catalogue ca mnh:
SI (siu min nhim) vi kh nng b qua nhng tc ng ct khng mong mun do nhng hin tng
nhiu trong li in.
SiE c thit k cho cc mi trng vi iu kin vn hnh khc nghit.
Bng di y trnh by cc loi v kh nng loi b nh mt hm ca cc iu kin bn ngoi v mc
nhiu trong li in.
Loi c
ngh

AC
A
SI
SiE
B

Tr gip k thut

Nguy c tc
ng ct khng
mong mun bi
dng r HF
(tng s cao)

Nguy c khng tc ng (khi c s c)

Dng s c
vi cc
thnh phn
to xung

Dng s c
vi thnh
phn DC
thun ty

Trang 19/64

Nhit thp
(n -25 C)

Kh quyn
cha cht n
mn hoc bi
bn

Ecodial AC 4

Loi thit b bo v dng r

Bo v dng r c th l:
tch hp trong cc thit b ng ngt,
hoc c thc hin bi mt rle bo v dng r ring bit kt hp vi cun dy xuyn v mt
voltage release (MN hoc MX).
Ecodial cho la chn gia hai kh nng.
Nu khng c la chn no (thng s thit lp Any), cc gii php c xut bao gm c cc thit
b tch hp v ring bit tng thch vi cc thit b ngt.
V d v bo v dng r
Bo v dng r tch hp

cu dao t ng Masterpact c trang

b b iu khin Micrologic 7.0

Tr gip k thut

Rle dng r
ring

Cu dao t ng
Vigicompact NSX

Trang 20/64

cu dao t
ng iC60 vi
m-un addon Vigi

Loi rle M v P
Vigirex

Ecodial AC 4

Thit b bo v dng r c nhy cao

Cc tnh hung v cc ng dng trnh by di y i hi cc thit b bo v dng r rt nhy, v d

nh cc thit b vi nhy I n nh hn hoc bng 30 mA.
V d v ng dng / tnh hung
Bo v b sung chng li tip xc trc tip
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in
Mt bng vi nguy c chy
in
H bi
Phng tm (vng tip xc t nht)
Trong h thng TT, khi tr khng ca cc in cc t i vi phn dn in h
cao (> 500 ).
Sn si m

Tr gip k thut

Trang 21/64

Ecodial AC 4

Thit b bo v dng r c nhy trung bnh

Cc tnh hung v cc ng dng trnh by di y i hi cc thit b bo v dng r c nhy trung

bnh, tc l cc thit b vi nhy I n nh hn hoc bng 300 hoc 500 mA.
V d v ng dng / tnh hung
Bo v chng li nguy c chy.
Cn thit cho cc mt bng c nguy c chy
hoc nguy c n.
Sn si m

In
300 mA
500 mA

bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Tr gip k thut

Trang 22/64

Ecodial AC 4

St p ti a c php cho ph ti
ngh v yu cu bi cc tiu chun
St p ti a c php cho ph ti thay i ty theo tiu chun lp t.
Di y l cc d liu cho tiu chun IEC 60.364.
Loi ph ti
Chiu sng
Ph ti khc

IEC 60.364
4%
4%

Thit lp tham s phn mm

Trong Ecodial, cc gi tr mc nh ca St p ti a c php cho ph ti c th c thit lp cho
tng loi ph ti trong tab Tham s d n.
St p ti a c php cng c th c thit lp ring trong thuc tnh cho tng ph ti.

Quy trnh hiu chnh nu st p tch ly cho ph ti vt qu gi tr cho php

Nu tnh c st p tch ly vt mc gi tr ti a cho php, Ecodial hin th thng bo bo hiu li.
xa li, lm gim ngng chu st p cho cc mch u ngun cp ngun cho ph ti ( Gii hn st
p ca mch).
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 23/64

Ecodial AC 4

Gii hn st p ca mch

Gi tr mc nh ca gii hn st p ca mch c th c thit lp trong tab cc Tham s cho:

dy cp,
h thng thanh dn in (BTS).
St p ti a c php i vi mt mch cng c th c thit lp ring trong cc thuc tnh cho tng
cp v BTS. Sa i tham s ny l mt phng tin ty chnh s phn phi st p gia cc mch
khc nhau u ngun ca mt ti.
Trong v d di y, st p tnh c cho ti
AA7 l 6,06%, tc l ln hn gi tr cho php ti
a l 6%. Ngng chu st p c t bng
5%.

u
3,86%

Di y, ngng chu st p ca cp WD3

c gim xung cn 3%. Do Ecodial tng
kch thc ca cp v st p cho ph ti AA7 gi
l di 6% (4,98%).

Ngng chu
u
5% 3%

u
+ 1,93%

duy tr st ti a cho AA7 di 6%, cn gim st p trn cc mch u ngun (WD3 v WD7) bng
cch gim (cc) ngng chu st p.
C th c hai phng php.
Gim ngng chu cho tt c cc mch u ngun, trong trng hp ny kch thc (tit din) ca tt c
cc mch u ngun s c tng ln.
Gim ngng chu cho mt mch u ngun duy nht, c th l cc mch c nh thit k chn l tt
nht tng kch thc.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 24/64

Ecodial AC 4

Phng php lp t cp

Nhp vo lnh Modify installation method thay i phng php lp t.

Trong ca s, cc thng tin c trnh by trong hai bc sau:
m t v tnh hnh v h thng lp t,
nh ngha ca cc tham s cho h s to nhm b ph thuc vo phng php lp t.
Ecodial trnh by trong vng kt qu ca ca s:
s lng phng php lp t
phng php tham kho c s dng,
m t y phng php lp t,
mt s .

Tr gip k thut

Trang 25/64

Ecodial AC 4

Tit din ti a c php

Tham s ny c th c s dng gii hn kch thc (tit din) ca cc loi cp v thanh dn.
i vi cc gi tr vt qu gii hn cho php, dy cp song song c chy tun th vi kch thc
l thuyt cn thit cho dng thit k ca h thng dy in.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 26/64

Ecodial AC 4

Xc nh kch c cp theo ci t hoc nh mc ca cu

dao t ng
Ecodial cung cp hai kh nng xc nh kch c cp s dng lm dng ti a:
Dng in ci t cho cu dao t ng: Ir,
Dng in nh mc ca cu dao t ng, In.

V d nh trong mt mch m dng thit k yu cu l 220A, s dng mt thit b Compact NSX250 vi

thit b rle bo v Mircologic 2.2, xc nh kch c cp c th c thc hin c tnh n:
In = 250 A, cp c kch thc 95 mm ,
Hoc Ir = 220 A, cp c kch thc 70 mm .

Cp c nh c vi nh mc
ca cu dao t ng Ir (250A)

Tr gip k thut

Cp c nh c vi thit lp
ca cu dao t ng Ir (220A)

Trang 27/64

Ecodial AC 4

S mch in i chung

Khi xc nh phng php lp t cp, mt h s hiu chnh b sung cho nhm cc h s c sn, c
bit l s lng mch i chung vi mch in tnh ton.
Trong Ecodial tham s ny xc nh s lng cc mch khc (trong s cc mch c lin quan), c th
c lp t trong cng h thng lp t tng t (khay cp, ng bc, vv.)
Nu mch c lin quan c cha nhiu dy dn trn mt pha, h s to nhm c Ecodial t ng thit
lp thnh gi tr thch hp.
1 cp 120 mm mt pha, v c lp t trong
mt khay cp vi 2 mch khc

2 cp 120 mm mt pha v c lp t trong

mt khay cp vi 2 mch khc

Mch b sung
S mch i chung phi t bng 2
Sau , h s nhm s c Ecodial thit lp cho
3 mch (1 mch tnh ton + 2 mch i chung)

Mch b sung
S mch i chung phi t bng 2
Sau , h s nhm s c Ecodial thit lp cho
4 mch (2 mch tnh ton + 2 mch i chung)

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Tr gip k thut

Trang 28/64

Ecodial AC 4

Mo hi bc ba
Ngun gc
Khi dy trung tnh c phn phi, ph ti phi tuyn tnh c th gy ra qu ti ln trn dy trung tnh v
c sng hi bc ba (H3) hin din.
Ph ti ba pha cn bng khng sinh ra sng hi H3 trong dy trung tnh. Nhng hi H3 c th ln n
80% gi tr gc ca ph ti phi tuyn mt pha nh cc b nn dng cu diot mt pha vi b lc in
dung.
bit thm v cc hiu ng hi trong dy trung tnh Wiki lp t in.
Thit b nn dng cu diot mt pha vi lc in dung

Dng sng ca dng in

Ph hi ca dng in

Nhiu thit b trong hng lot cc lnh vc c kiu mch ny. Chng l nguyn nhn chnh ca hi H3.
Lnh vc
Dn c
Cc dch v
Ngnh cng nghip

Thit b
TV, dn hi-fi, video, l vi sng, n hunh quang compact (CFL), vv
My vi tnh, my in, my photocopy, my fax, CFL, vv
Ngun in ch chuyn mch, ng c bin tc, CFL ...

Tc ng ca bo v trung tnh ln kch thc cp

Bng 52-D1 v 523.5.3 ca tiu chun IEC 60.364 tng kt cc quy tc bo v trung tnh, la chn
kch thc cp v h s gim dng cho php trong cp khi hi H3 xut hin.
THDi 15%
S neutral = S phase / 2
l c php (1)
Trung tnh c
bo v

15% <THDi 33%

S neutral = S phase
S phase l ch s
quyt nh
H s = 0.86

33% <THDi 45%

S phase = S neutral
S neutral l ch s quyt
nh
I Bneutral = 3 X THDi x
I Bphase
H s = 0.86

THDi> 45%
S phase = S neutral
S neutral l ch s quyt nh
I Bneutral = 3 X THDi x I Bphase
H s = 0.86

(1) Nu Sphase> 16 mm Cu hoc 25 mm Alu

nh hng n la chn cu dao t ng

Vi cp li n, ch c nh qu c dy trung tnh, vi iu kin cu dao t ng c kh nng bo v
dy trung tnh qu c. Khi c th, Ecodial xut mt cu dao t ng c trang b mt rle bo v
4P3d + OSN phi c cc iu kin sau:
Irneutral IBneutral,
Irphase IBphase, tc l Irneutral 0,63 IBphase.
i vi rle bo v 4P3d + OSN, t l Irphase / Irneutral l khng i bng 0,63.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 29/64

Ecodial AC 4

La chn v thay i cc gii php bng tay

Lnh Select another product cung cp hai chc nng ring bit:
la chn cc gii php thay th c Ecodial xc nhn trong khi tnh ton,
La chn bng tay mt sn phm t catalogue.
Lnh ny c sn cho cc thit b c lit k di y:
Cp h th
H thng trc thanh dn (BTS)
Cu dao t ng
dao ct
Cc thit b bo v chng dng r

La chn thay th
Ch c th truy nhp cc gii php thay th sau khi tnh ton c xc nhn. Nu iu kin ny c p
ng v lnh Select another product c thc thi th ca s la chn t ng m ca s Calculated
products (cc sn phm tnh ton c). Sau ch cn chn gii php mong mun bng gi tr c
xut trong vng la chn. Vng kt qu c cp nht bng gii php mi. Khi bm OK, gii php
c xc nhn (kha), tc l n s c s dng cho cc tnh ton tng lai.

La chn bng tay

Mt tnh ton c xc nhn trc l khng cn thit truy cp vo cc gii php trong
catalogue. Nu mt tnh ton cha c xc nhn, ca s la chn t ng m ca s Ton b
catalogue. Nu tnh ton c xc nhn, Ecodial m ca s La chn c tnh ton. Chn
Entire catalogue truy cp vo ton b catalogue.
Khi mt sn phm c la chn bng tay t catalogue, n b "kha" khng c s dng trong cc tnh
ton tng lai.

X l cc gii php b kha

Khi mt gii php b mt ngi dng kha (qua mt la chn bng tay hoc thay th), Ecodial khng tnh
ton tip cc thit b, nhng n kim tra xem cc gii php b kha c p ng yu cu k thut in.
Nu mt yu cu khng c p ng, gii php b kha khng qua c kim tra, vic tnh ton c
dng li v mt thng bo li c a ra. gii quyt vn ny, cn m kha gii php v thc
hin li tnh ton.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 30/64

Ecodial AC 4

H s hiu chnh nh mc cho cc h thng dy dn

H s ny c p dng b sung cho cc h s khc i vi phng php lp t.

Bng di y cung cp v d v cc gi tr tiu biu cn c p dng khi c nhng iu kin bn
ngoi nht nh.
iu kin bn ngoi
Mt bng vi nguy c n
Tip xc ng k vi bc x mt
tri

Gi tr h s
0.85
0.85

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Tr gip k thut

Trang 31/64

Ecodial AC 4

Loi b yu cu bo v qu ti cho cc mch an ton

V l do an ton, mt ng dng c th cn phi tip tc hot ng ngay c trong iu kin c s c, trong

trng hp ny, bo v qu ti nn b loi b.
Chc nng loi b l cn thit c bit l cho cc ng c s dng ht khi t cc ta nh cng cng.
Ecodial c chc nng loi b bo v nhit cho cc cu dao t ng cp ngun cho ti.
Trong trng hp ny, Ecodial xut hai loi cu dao t ng:
cu dao t ng khng c bo v nhit v c trang b mt rle bo v loi MA,
cu dao t ng c trang b mt b iu khin cho php loi b bo v nhit (v d Micrologic
5 hoc tng ng).
Trong trng hp ny, Ecodial nh c cu dao t ng v cp chp nhn dng ln hn dng thit k
ca mch 1,5 ln.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 32/64

Ecodial AC 4

H s cng sut cho ngn mch trn ngun LV

Theo mc nh, Ecodial xut cc gi tr ly t Bng 11 trong tiu chun IEC 60947-2 xc nh cc iu
kin th nghim c s dng xc nh kh nng ngt dng ngn mch ca cu dao t ng
Dng ngn mch (kA)
Ikmax 3
3
<
4.5
<
6
<
10
<
20
<
50
<

Tr gip k thut

Ikmax
Ikmax
Ikmax
Ikmax
Ikmax
Ikmax

4.5
6
10
20
50

H s cng sut cho ngn mch

PFsc
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.25
0.2

Trang 33/64

Ecodial AC 4

Tnh ton tng tr pha ngun h th, da trn Ik3max

Ik3max c s dng tnh ton tr khng pha trn li u ngun , c i din bi cc ngun h
th.
c
U
ZL = max r
3 Ik3max

R L = Z L PFsc

XL = Z L 2 R L 2

Ik3max
Cmax
PFsc
ZL
RL
XL

in p pha-pha (V)
dng ngn mch ba pha ti a (A)
h s in p ( Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480)
H s cng sut cho ngn mch trn ngun LV
tr khng ca cc pha ()
in tr ca cc pha ()
in cm ca cc pha 50 Hz ()

Ty thuc vo loi h thng ni t, c mt s lin kt gia cc dng ngn mch khc nhau (Ik3max,
Ik1min, IEF, Ief2min) phi c nhp vo.
Ecodial kim tra s nht qun gia cc thng s ( Tnh nht qun ca thng s u vo ngun ).

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Tr gip k thut

Trang 34/64

Ecodial AC 4

Tnh ton tr khng trung tnh ngun h th, da trn Ik1min

Ik1min c s dng tnh ton tr khng trung tnh (nu trung tnh c phn phi) trn li ngun,
c i din bi cc ngun h th.
c min
ZN =

Un
3

Ik1min

ZL

RN = ZN PFsc

XN = Z N 2 R N 2
Ur
Cmin
Ik1min
PFsc
ZL
RN
XN

in p pha-pha (V)
h s in p ( Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480)
dng ngn mch mt pha ti thiu (A)
H s cng sut cho ngn mch trn ngun LV
tr khng ca cc pha ()
tr khng ca trung tnh ()
in tr ca trung tnh ()
in cm ca trung tnh 50 Hz ()

Nhng phng trnh cng ng cho tr khng ca dy dn PEN trong h thng TN-C (vi trung tnh
c phn phi).
Ty thuc vo loi h thng ni t, c mt s lin kt gia cc dng ngn mch khc nhau (Ik3max,
Ik1min, IEF, Ief2min) phi c nhp vo.
Ecodial kim tra s nht qun gia cc thng s ( Tnh nht qun ca thng s u vo ngun ).

Tr gip k thut

Trang 35/64

Ecodial AC 4

Tnh ton tr khng PE ca ngun h th, da trn Ief

Ief c s dng tnh ton tr khng PE trong cc trng hp sau y:

H thng TN-S v khng c lin kt ng th gn im kt ni,
H thng TN-C, trung tnh khng c phn phi v khng c lin kt ng th gn im kt ni.
Nu c lin kt ng th gn im kt ni, tr khng PE u ngun l khng ng k cho tt c cc loi
h thng ni t.
Trong h thng TT, tr khng PE u ngun khng c tnh n.

ZPE

U
U

cmin r cmax r
3
3
=
Ief
Ik3max

R PE

U
U

cmin r cmax r
33 PF
=
sc
Ief
Ik3max

XPE = ZPE 2 RPE 2

Ur
Cmax
Cmin
PFsc
Ik3max
Ief
ZPE
RPE
XPE

in p pha-pha (V)
h s in p ( Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480)
h s in p ( Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480)
H s cng sut cho ngn mch trn ngun LV
dng ngn mch ba pha ti a (A)
dng li pha/PE ti thiu (A)
tr khng ca PE ()
in tr ca PE ()
in cm ca PE ti 50 Hz ()

Ty thuc vo loi h thng ni t, c mt s lin kt gia cc dng ngn mch khc nhau (Ik3max,
Ik1min, IEF, Ief2min) phi c nhp vo.
Ecodial kim tra s nht qun gia cc thng s ( Tnh nht qun ca thng s u vo ngun ).

Tr gip k thut

Trang 36/64

Ecodial AC 4

Tnh ton tr khng PE ngun h th, da trn Ief2min

Ief2min c s dng tnh ton tr khng PE trong mt h thng IT khi khng c lin kt ng th
tip t gn im kt ni.
Nu c lin kt ng th gn im kt ni, tr khng PE u ngun l khng ng k cho tt c cc loi
h thng ni t.

U
U

cmin r cmax r
3
3
ZPE =
2 Ief2min
Ik3max

U
U

cmin r cmax r
3
3
R PE =
PFsc
2 Ief2min
Ik3max

XPE = ZPE 2 RPE 2

= 3 trong h thng ITkhng c trung tnh
= 1 trong cc h thng IT c trung tnh
in p pha-pha (V)
Ur
Cmax h s in p ( Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480)
h s in p ( Thay i ch yu theo bo co CENELEC TR50480)
Cmin
H s cng sut cho ngn mch trn ngun LV
PFsc
Ik3max dng ngn mch ba pha ti a (A)
Ief2min dng li kp nh nht (A)
tr khng ca PE ()
ZPE
in tr ca PE ()
RPE
in cm ca PE ti 50 Hz ()
XPE
Ty thuc vo loi h thng ni t, c mt s lin kt gia cc dng ngn mch khc nhau (Ik3max,
Ik1min, IEF, Ief2min) phi c nhp vo.
Ecodial kim tra s nht qun gia cc thng s ( Tnh nht qun ca thng s u vo ngun ).

Tr gip k thut

Trang 37/64

Ecodial AC 4

Tnh nht qun ca thng s u vo ngun h th

Bng di y tm tt kim tra tnh nht qun do Ecodial thc hin trn cc thng s u vo ca ngun
h th.
iu kin khng nht
qun

Khi no v u?

Gii trnh

Tt c cc loi h thng ni t vi Ik1nh nht khng c nh hn

trung tnh c phn phi.
dng nh mc.
Tt c cc loi h thng ni t vi T l Ik3max / Ik1min qu thp.
c min
Ik 3 max
< Ik1 min
trung tnh c phn phi.
iu ny dn n mt tr khng
c max
trung tnh m.
Ief In
H thng TN-S khng c lin kt
Dng li khng c nh hn
ng th gn im kt ni.
dng nh mc.
TN-C.
H thng TN-S khng c lin kt
T l Ik3max / Ik1min qu thp.
c min
Ik 3 max
< If
ng th gn im kt ni.
iu ny dn n mt tr khng
c max
H thng TN-C khng c trung tnh trung tnh m.
c phn phi v lin kt ng
th gn im kt ni.
H thng IT khng c lin kt ng Dng li kp khng c nh
Ief 2 min In
th gn im kt ni.
hn dng nh mc.
H thng IT c trung tnh, nhng
T l Ik3max / Ief2min qu thp.
c min
Ik 3 max
0.5 < Ief 2 min khng c lin kt ng th gn
iu ny dn n mt tr khng
c max
im kt ni.
PE m.
H thng IT khng c lin kt ng T l Ik3max / Ief2min qu thp.
c min
3
Ik 3 max

< Ief 2 min th n, trong khi trung tnh khng iu ny dn n mt tr khng

c max 2
c phn phi.
PE m.

Ik1min In

Tr gip k thut

Trang 38/64

Ecodial AC 4

Kiu iu chnh t b h th
Nguyn tc
Theo mc nh, Ecodial xut cc kiu iu chnh (c nh hoc t ng) ca cc t b hiu chnh
h s cng sut theo cc quy tc sau y:
Nu cng sut cn hiu chnh (Q u ngun + Q cui ngun) ln hn 15% cng sut biu kin ca cc
ngun u ngun (Cng sut biu kin tng ca cc my bin p u ngun c s dng ng thi),
sau Ecodial p t h s hiu chnh cng sut cng vi mt t t b t ng .
Nu khng, mt t t b c nh c th c s dng v do Ecodial ngh c hai gii php hiu
chnh h s cng sut c nh v t ng.
Nguyn tc ny c tun th trnh qu p trong h thng lp t khi cng sut lp t ca t t b
l cao so vi mc tiu th ca h thng lp t. Mt t t b t ng iu chnh s lng cc bc
kt ni t theo mc ph ti ca h thng lp t.

V d v mt t t b c nh
Cng sut ngun = 630 kVA.
Tnh cng sut phn khng cn c hiu chnh = 46.3 kvar
nh mc ca gii php c la chn: 54,5 kvar.
T l = 54,5 / 630 = 8,6% (<15%), cho php s dng mt t t b c nh.

V d v mt t t b in t ng
Cng sut ngun = 250 kVA.
Cng sut phn khng cn c hiu chnh tnh c = 46.3 kvar
nh mc ca gii php c la chn: 51,3 kvar.
T l = 51,3 / 250 = 20,5% ( >= 15%), yu cu s dng mt t t b in t ng (khng s dng c
t t b in c nh)

bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 39/64

Ecodial AC 4

Cc loi t b h th
Nguyn tc
Loi t b c xc nh bi mc sng hi ti cc im kt ni ca t b. Dng in sng hi trong
h thng in to ra in p sng hi trn cc u cc ca t in v c th gy ra qu dng tn s
hi.

Tnh ton mc sng hi Gh / Sn trong h thng in

Loi t b c xc nh bng cch tnh ton t l Gh / Sn, i din cho mc sng hi trong h thng
in:
Gh: tng cng sut biu kin (kVA) ca sng hi ph ti ni vi t phn phi h th chnh (MLVS)
Sn: cng sut biu kin nh mc ca my bin p (s) cp ngun cho MLVS.
T l Gh / Sn c Ecodial tnh cho tng dy t b, c tnh n ph ti c khai bo l ti c sng hi.

T l Gh / Sn cng c th c nhp trc tip cho tng dy t b. Trong trng hp ny, cc gi tr b

kha v s khng c Ecodial thay i trong trng hp c thay i thong s trong h thng.

Tiu ch la chn
C cc loi dy t b h th cho 3 mc chu hi:
Gh / Sn <15%, c th s dng cc dy t b "c in"
15% Gh / Sn <25%, cc dy t b t nht phi l loi "Comfort" (khng c php s dng loi
"Classic").
Gh / Sn 25%, phi s dng dy t b loi "Harmony" (cc loi "Classic" v "Comfort" khng
c php s dng).
Nu Gh / Sn vt qu 50%, mt nghin cu c bit phi c thc hin xc nh loi dy t b v
phi lp t thit b lc sng hi.
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

Ngng cng sut phn khng

Tham s ny xc nh cng sut phn khng ngng khi b vt trn ta cn hiu chnh h s cng sut.
Nu cng sut phn khng do h thng lp t tiu th nh hn gi tr ny th khng cn lp t hiu
chnh h s cng sut ngay c khi PF thp hn PF mc tiu.
Do hai iu kin sau y phi c p ng trc khi Ecodial tnh ton t b:
PF < PF mc tiu
Cng sut phn khng tiu th> ngng (50 kvar theo mc nh).

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Ecodial AC 4

Phi hp gia cu dao t ng v cng tc t

nh ngha
Tiu chun IEC 60947-4-1 nh ngha hai loi phi hp.
Loi
Loi 1
Loi 2

nh ngha
S h hng ca cng tc t v rle l chp nhn c vi hai iu kin:
khng gy nguy him cho nhn vin iu hnh,
khng gy nguy him cho bt k thit b khc vi cng tc t v rle
Tip im ca cng tc t hoc cc cng tc t khi ng ch b hn rt nh v cc cng
tc phi c th d dng tho ri. Vi kiu phi hp loi 2, cc thit b ng ct v iu
khin phi hot ng bnh thng sau khi tri qua test kim tra th s c.

Khi t phn phi v t iu khin bao gm c cu dao t ng v cng tc t, s phi hp bo v c

coi l hon ton.

Cn loi phi hp no?

Vic la chn mt loi phi hp ph thuc vo iu kin hot ng. Mc ch l t c s cn
bng tt nht gia nhu cu ca ngi s dng v chi ph lp t h thng.
Loi
Loi 1

Loi 2

nhu cu ca ngi s dng / chi ph lp t h thng c ti u ha

Dch v bo dng iu kin,
Chi ph thp ca t phn phi v t iu khin,
Tnh lin tc cp in l khng bt buc hoc c th c m bo bng cch thay th
n gin cc b iu khin (c th ko ra) b s c.
Tnh lin tc cp in l bt buc,
Dch v bo tr hn ch,
Thng s k thut quy nh loi 2.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 42/64

Ecodial AC 4

Cc loi tc ng ct bo v nhit ng c

Bn loi c tuyn tc ng ct ca mt rle nhit l 10 A, 10, 20, 30 (thi gian tc ng ct ti a ti 7,2

Ir).
Cc lp 10 hoc 10 A c s dng ph bin nht. Cc lp 20 v 30 c dnh cho ng c trong iu
kin khi ng kh khn.
S v bng sau y cho thy rle nhit ph hp vi thi gian khi ng ng c.
Loi c tuyn
tc ng ct
10A
10
20
30

1,05 Ir

1,2 Ir

1,5 Ir

7,2 Ir

t> 2h
t> 2h
t> 2h
t> 2h

t <2h
t <2h
t <2h
t <2h

t <2 pht
t <4 pht
t <8 pht
t <12 pht

2 t 10 s
4 t 10 s
6 t 20 giy
9 t 30 s

bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 43/64

Ecodial AC 4

Dng xung qu ca ng c
Nguyn tc
Khi dng xung qu ca ng c hay dng khi ng ln hn 19 Ir, cc nh mc ca thit b tng ln
20% p ng iu kin khi ng v phi hp ti u.

V d Istart/Ir 19
i vi mt ng c 11 kW vi khi ng khi ng trc tip, bo v sau y c chn:
Cu dao t ng: P25 M 23 A,
cng tc t: LC1D25.

V d Istart/Ir > 19
i vi mt ng c 11 kW vi khi ng trc tip, bo v sau y c chn:
Cu dao t ng: GV2ME 32 A,
cng tc t: LC1D32.

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Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

M men qu ca bin tn

Mt s ng dng i hi mt m-men cao trong giai on qu tng tc v gim tc. Trong trng hp
ny, nn s dng bin tn (VSD) c "m-men cao". i vi cc ng dng khc (v d nh my bm ly
tm v qut), mt VSD vi "m-men tiu chun" l .
M-men tiu chun
Qu m-men kt hp vi qu dng c gii
hn bi VSD n mt gi tr tiu chun bng
1,2-1,4 ln so vi dng nh mc ca VSD
trong thi gian 60 giy. Thit lp ny tng
thch vi cc ng dng nh my bm ly tm,
qut v bng ti.

Tr gip k thut

M-men cao
Qu m-men kt hp vi qu dng c gii
hn bi VSD n mt gi tr tiu chun bng 1,51,7 ln so vi dng nh mc ca VSD trong 60
giy. Thit lp ny tng thch vi cc ng dng
nh thit b mi v x l, my bm c m-men
xon m cao.

Trang 45/64

Ecodial AC 4

Kh nng ct n cc in p pha-pha trn cc h thng

IT

Khi mt s c kp xy ra trn mt h thng IT, cc thit b bo v phi c kh nng ct dng s c kp

trn mt cc duy nht in p pha-to-pha.
Do trong cc h thng ni t kiu IT Ecodial s kim tra xem thit b bo v c tha mn hai iu
kin di y hay khng:
Dng ct (Icu) ln hn dng ngn mch ti a (Ik3max, Ik2max hoc Ik1max),
Kh nng ct n cc in p pha-pha cao hn dng s c kp.
Cc dng ngn mch Ik3max, Ik2max v Ik1max c tnh ton ph hp vi bo co k thut CENELEC
TR50480.
i vi dng s c kp hin ti Ecodial kim tra xem kh nng ct in p pha-pha c ln hn:
dng Ief c tnh ph hp vi bo co k thut CENELEC TR50480
0,15 ln dng ngn mch 3 pha ti im c xem xt nu dng ny nh hn hoc bng 10 000
A,
0,25 ln dng ngn mch 3 pha ti im c xem xt nu dng ny ln hn 10 000 A,

Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

Kh nng ct n cc in p pha-trung tnh trn cc h

thng ni t kiu TN

Vi cc h thng ni t kiu TN, cc thit b bo v phi c kh nng ct dng s c kp trn mt cc

in p pha-trung tnh.
Khng c ch th c th no trong tiu chun IEC 60.364, tuy nhin tt c cc phin bn ca Ecodial thc
hin php kim tra ny cho tt c cc thit b bo v v ch ra kh nng ct n cc in p pha-trung
tnh khi n khc vi dng ct Icu ca thit b .

Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

Phn phi ng ra cho h thng thanh dn (BTS/Busway)

Phn phi ng ra c s dng la chn liu cc im tap-off trn BTS (Busway) c c t cch
u nhau (ng nht) hay khng (khng ng nht). La chn ny nh hng n cch tnh st p v
dng ngn mch.
ng nht
St p ng nht trn tt c cc im tap-off.
St p IS c tnh ton trn ton b chiu di
ca BTS.

Khng ng nht
St p thay i trn cc im tap-off theo khong
cch t u vo thanh n . St p c tnh
cho mi imtap-off.

Cc gi tr dng ngn mch khng thay i trn

mi im tap-off

Cc gi tr ngn mch thay i trn cc im tapoff theo khong cch t u vo thanh dn.

Khi thit k cc h thng trong cc chi tit v

BTS cha c bit ti thi im thit k, ta
nn s dng thit lp ng nht v n s tnh
ton n hin tng st p v dngngn mch
gim.

Khi thit k cc h thng trong cn s dng

BTS trc ng ta nn s dng thit lp khng
ng nht v cc khong cch gia im tap-off
lc ny c khong cch khng u.

Lu quan trng: Cc h thng thanh ci trc ng do Ecodial la chn vn nh nhau bt k la chn

loi phn phi ng nht hay khng ng nht chng no st p l chp nhn c.

Chn tnh ton ng nht hay khng ng nht cho h thng trc thanh ci ?
C th s dng tnh ton ng nht trong trng hp h thng trc thanh ci khi:
phn phi ngun trong cc thit b tap-off c th c cm vo thng xuyn,
ni khng th xc nh chnh xc cc thit b tap-off
cn c linh hot t chc li mt nh xng v thit b tap-off c th c chuyn t ni
ny sang ni khc.
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 48/64

Ecodial AC 4

Khong cch t u vo thanh dn

Thuc tnh ny i din cho khong cch ca im tap-off cho BTS v c nhn thy trn cc mch ng
ra ni vi BTS khi loi phn phi ng ra c ci t thnh khng ng nht. Khong cch t u vo c
th c t bng khng v phi nh hn hoc bng chiu di ca BTS. Cng c th xc nh nhiu
im tap-off c cng khong cch t u vo thanh thn.
Ecodial khng phn bit thit lp ng nht v khng ng nht trn s nguyn l (SLD).
Trong trng hp BTS ti phn phi ng ra l khng ng nht, gi tr st p v ngn mch tnh ton
ca thit b c a ra trong phn bo co, cho thy gi tr tng t cc im tap-off cng vi gi tr st
p v ngn mch ca mi thit b.

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Ecodial AC 4

Thit b bo v trung th

C 3 kh nng cho cc thit b bo v trung th:

"Khng xc nh", trong trng hp ny Ecodial s khng xut bt k thit b bo v no, ch
c thi gian ct c yu cu ca bo v kim tra ng sut nhit ca kt ni h th bin p
v bng phn phi chnh,
"Cu ch", trong trng hp ny Ecodial s chn cu ch thch hp cho my bin p trung th /
h th (tham kho Cng ngh cu ch ),
"rle", trong trng hp ny Ecodial s xut mt rle bo v my bin trung th / h th
(tham kho Loi rle ).
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

Cng ngh cu ch trung th

Trong Ecodial c cc cu ch chun DIN v UTE.

Cng ngh DIN s dn n la chn cu ch loi Fusarc.
Cng ngh UTE s dn n chn cu ch loi Solefuse.
Ecodial la chn nh mc cu ch theo in p v cng sut my bin p :
ct dng ngn mch ti cc u cc ca cun th cp
ngn chn tc ng ct khng mong mun do dng qu ca bin p.
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

Tr gip k thut

Trang 51/64

Ecodial AC 4

Loi rle trung th

Loi rle k thut s t cp ngun c trong Ecodial, cung cp kh nng bo v:

ngn mch ni b trong cun dy trung th,
ngn mch ni b trong cun dy h th,
ngn mch trn cp h th hoc thanh dn gia bin p v cu dao t ng h th
n cng l d phng cho cu dao t ng h th chnh
Loi bo v ny cn c m l ANSI 50/51

Rle k thut s
Ecodial tnh ton cc thit lp mc nh vi 2 ngng gii hn thi gian pht hin s c ngn mch
u ngun ca bin p
Ngng di c t:
thp hn 20% so vi dng ngn mch h th nhn
t pha trung th Ikmin (h th)
thi gian tr bng 0,5 s ngn chn tc ng ct
mch do dng xung qu .
Ngng trn c t:
ln hn dng n nh cho bin p,
ln hn dng xung qu ca bin p,
ln hn dng ngn mch h th ln nht nhn t
pha trung th,
thphn dng ngn mch trung th ti thiu
Ik2min l 20%,
thi gian tr c ci t thp cng tt (0,05 s).
Ngoi cc thit lp mc nh Ecodial cung cp mt tp hp cc tham s
cho thit lp bng tay:
1 thit lp dng chung t 1 n 6250 A,
ti 4 ngng dng-thi gian vi thit lp dng v thi gian ring,
theo mc nh ch c 2 ngng c kch hot.
Mi thi gian-dng c th c thit lp trong thi gian c nh v 5 ng
cong ph thuc thi gian (tham kho Cc ng cong c tuyn ct theo
thi gian ca rle trung th k thut s).

Rle t cp ngun VIP 40/45

Rle t cp ngun c la chn trong dy sn phm VIP 40 v VIP 45 c thit k bo v my
bin p n 200A.
Thit lp c thc hin qua 2 tham s:
thit lp dng, c Ecodial chn theo dng nh mc ca bin p,
bo v chn lc vi ngng cu dao t ng, c chn khi bo v h th l cu dao t ng.
Bo v chn lc vi ngng cu dao t ng
c kch hot

Tr gip k thut

Bo v chn lc vi ngng cu dao t

ng b v hiu ha

Trang 52/64

Ecodial AC 4

Cc ng cong c tuyn ct theo thi gian ca rle trung

th k thut s
Trong Ecodial c 5 loi ng cong c tuyn theo thi gian:
SIT,
VIT,
LTI,
EIT,
UI.

Phng trnh chung cho cc ng cong c tuyn theo thi gian l:

Vi:

Is = dng in ci t,
T = thi gian tr ci t ti 10 x Is.
k
0,14
13,5
120
80
315,2

SIT
VIT
LTI
EIT
UI

0,02
1
1
2
2,5

2,97
1,5
13,33
0,808
1

1000
SIT

VIT - LTI

EIT

UI

100

t (s)

10

1
1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

0,1

0,01

0,001
I (A)

So snh cc ng cong c tuyn theo thi gian, cho Is = 10 A

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Ecodial AC 4

Kt ni u vo UPS

Trong Ecodial ch c sn UPS on-line, bit thm thng tin v cng ngh ny: Wiki lp t in.
Ecodial xut 2 kh nng cho kt ni u vo:
thng thng, trong trng hp Normal v Bypass c kt ni v c cp ngun t mt
mch ng ra vi bo v pha trn thng thng,
ring bit, trong trng hp Normal v Bypass c kt ni ti cc ng ra u ngun ring.
Gi tr mc nh do Ecodial xut ph thuc vo c im ca UPS v ngun:
cho UPS nh (cng sut thp) cc kt ni mc nh l thng thng,
cho UPS cng sut va v cao cc kt ni mc nh l ring bit,
Khi gi tr mc nh l "thng thng" ta c th chuyn n thnh "ring bit", trong trng hp ny biu
tng kha bn cnh tham s ng li
Kt ni Normal v Bypass thng thng

Kt ni Normal v Bypass ring bit

Tr gip k thut

Trang 54/64

Ecodial AC 4

D phng dng UPS

Tham s ny c s dng xc nh mc d phng theo yu cu cho gii php UPS.

Ecodial nh c cho UPS c tnh n cc quy tc sau y:
cng sut UPS phi ln hn hoc bng cng sut yu cu
cng sut UPS t nht phi ln gp i ng ra cui ngun ln nht bo m bo v chn lc
thch hp gia ng ra v bo v u ra ni b UPS.
Khi mt mc d phng c yu cu, Ecodial s la chn mt gii php vi nhiu UPS sao cho khi
mt UPS hng th phn trm d phng c th c s dng cp ngun cho h thng lp t cui
ngun.
y l v d vi 2 ng ra c kt ni cui ngun mt UPS vi cng sut yu cu tng ng
- 100 kVA,
- 10 kVA.
C tnh n cc yu t ng thi bng 0.9 trn thanh ci WC15 tng nhu cu nng lng cho UPS l 99
kVA.
Bng di y cho thy cc gii php xut ca Ecodial ty theo mc yu cu ca d phng.
Khng c d
phng
50% d phng
100% d phng

Tr gip k thut

Gii php
Galaxy PW 1 x 200 kVA
Galaxy PW 3 x 100 kVA bao gm:
2 x 100 kVA cho cng sut yu cu,
1 x 100 kVA cho yu cu d phng.
Galaxy PW 4 x 100 kVA bao gm:
2 x 100 kVA cho cng sut yu cu,
2 x 100 kVA cho yu cu d phng.

Trang 55/64

Quy tc tnh ton

SUPS 99 kVA,
SUPS 2 x 100 kVA.
SUPS 99 kVA,
SUPS 2 x 100 kVA.
Sredundancy 0,5 x SUPS
SUPS 99 kVA,
SUPS 2 x 100 kVA.
Sredundancy 1 x SUPS

Ecodial AC 4

Ch UPS

Khi Kt ni u vo UPS c tch ring, Ecodial yu cu nh ngha mt ch hot ng m t

cc iu kin hot ng cho u vo u tt.
Khi mt ch hot ng c to ra cho iu kin hot ng u tt, tham s ch UPS phi c
thit lp thnh "Bypass".

Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

UPS yu cu my bin p

Ecodial cung cp kh nng yu cu mt bin p h th / h th cui ngun, c nh c theo la chn

UPS.
Theo mc nh, ty chn c thit lp thnh "False", khi c ngi dng t thnh "True", th sau
mt bin p h th / h th u ra c chn cho php:
cch in gia mch u ngun v cui ngun.
thch ng in p gia cun s cp v th cp,
thch ng b tr h thng ni t gia cun s cp v th cp Wiki lp t in.
Khng c bin p

Cn c bin p

Trong trng hp , in p u ra v b tr h
thng ni t c th c t thnh mt gi tr
khc t u vo.
My bin p cng c th c s dng trn kt ni u vo ca UPS.
Trong trng hp Ecodial s kim tra cc quy tc sau y:
tnh nht qun ca in p t u vo Normal v Bypass,
tnh nht qun ca b tr h thng ni t n t u vo Normal v Bypass.
bit thm thng tin: Wiki lp t in.

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Ecodial AC 4

S lng UPS

y l tng s thit b UPS cho gii php bao gm:

UPS cung cp cng sut yu cu,
UPS d phng, tham kho D phng dng UPS.

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Ecodial AC 4

S UPS d phng

y l s ca UPS c nh c tnh n d phng c yu cu:

tham kho D phng dng UPS.

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Ecodial AC 4

S u tt (bypass)

Ty thuc vo cng ngh USP, trong trng hp ca gii php nhiu thit b UPS, 2 loi u tt c th
c xut:
gii php vi mt u tt trn mt thit b UPS,
gii php vi mt u tt chung cho mt s thit b.
Trong trng hp gii php vi u tt chung, s lng u tt c Ecodial hin th s thp hn s
lng cc thit b UPS.
Mt u tt trn mt thit b UPS

Tr gip k thut

u tt chung cho mt s thit b

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Ecodial AC 4

Thi gian d phng ca c qui

Thng tin ny khng c Ecodial tnh ton, nhng Ecodial cung cp dy sn phm tiu chun c th
la chn UPS.
bit thm thng tin v c quy UPS : Wiki lp t in.

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Ecodial AC 4

Thit b chng st
Phn mm Ecodial s xut lp t thit b chng xung st (SPD) trong t in d vo phn loi nh
gi nguy c xy ra hin tng st nh t nh t vn thit k mng li h thng in. Theo , nu c
nhng thit b nhy cm vi xung st trong h thng in, phn mm s xut lp thm thit b chng
xung st (SPD) trong t in ni nhng thit b ny s kt ni vo.
Ba loi th nghim c nh ngha cho thit b chng xung st (SPD) kt ni vo h thng phn phi
LV:

Th nghim loi I: Th nghim c tin hnh s dng dng in x n nh (In), in

p xung vi dng sng 1.2/50 s v dng in xung Iimp.
Th nghim loi I c mc ch m phng mt phn dng in xung st.
Thit b chng st (SPDs) chu c phng php th nghim loi I nhn chung c
xut lp t nhng v tr gn bn ngoi, v d: ng dy in i vo ta nh c bo
v bi h thng chng st.

Th nghim loi II: : Th nghim c tin hnh s dng dng in x n nh (In),

in p xung vi dng sng 1.2/50 s.

Th nghim loi III: : Th nghim c tin hnh s dng kt hp dng sng (1.2/50
v 8/20 s).

Thit b chng st (SPDs) c th nghim loi II v III chu c xung st trong thi gian ngn.
Nhng thit b chng st ny nhn chung c xut lp t ti nhng v tr bn trong cng trnh.
Thit b chng st c phn thnh ba loi nh sau:
1. Loi 1: SPD c th nghim loi I
2. Loi 2: SPD c th nghim loi II
3. Loi 3: SPD c th nghim loi III
bit thm thng tin:

Wiki lp t in.

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Tr gip k thut

Trang 62/64

Ecodial AC 4

Cho php/ Khng cho php chc nng chn thit b chng
st
La chn ny c s dng cho php hoc khng cho php tnh ton la chn thit b chng st cho
h thng in. Nu la chn l C
Mt hoc nhiu thit b chng st c tnh ton cho h thng in da vo vo phn
loi nh gi nguy c xy ra hin tng st ca mng li in ti ni lp t

nh gi nguy c xy ra hin tng st mc cao ca mng li in c thc hin

bi phn mm nhm m bo rng loi chng st c chn l ph hp.
o

Trong nhng trng hp c mt h thng chng st c lp t trong cng

trnh (v d: c ct thu st trn ta nh hoc trong phm vi 50m ca ta nh),
ngi thit k cn cung cp gi tr ng ca Imax v d hoc 12.5kA hoc 25kA
(theo tiu chun IEC 62305-2). Yu cu ti thiu l 12.5kA/cc.

Trong nhng trng hp khng c h thng chng st cng trnh, ngi t

vn cn la chn gi tr ng ca nguy c qu in p trong h thng in.
Nhng phn loi l:
Thp
Imax = 20kA
Ta nh nm vng th hoc vng ngoi nhiu nh ca
Trung bnh
Imax = 40 kA
Ta nh nm vng ng bng nng thn
Cao
Imax = 65kA
Ta nh nm vng c nguy c st nh c bit cao (thp
chung, cy, vng i ni, nh ni, khu vc m t hoc ao h)

Nhy cm vi hin tng qu in p

La chn ny c sn nhng ti tiu th xc nh liu chng c nhy cm vi hin tng qu in

p hay khng. Nu mt thit b nhy cm vi hin tng qu in p v khong cch ca n t thanh ci
> 10m, chng s c xut lp t mt thit b chng st loi III vi Imax = 8kA.

Lp t thm CB

La chn ny c s dng cho ngi thit k quyt nh xem liu c mun lp t thit b chng
st tch hp sn CB hay loi thit b chng st vi CB lp ri.

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Tr gip k thut

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Ecodial AC 4

La chn thit b chng xung st

Khong cch n ti
< 10m
Khong cch n ti
> 10m

Khng LPS**
Thit b chng st loi 2

C LPS**
Thit b chng st loi 1

Loi 2 v 3

Loi 1 v 3

** LPS (H thng bo v chng st) = Ct thu st, lng thot st trong ta nh

bit thm thng tin:

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