Study by Analytical Method of Transient Regime of Thermal Transfer Through A Insulation Material Tow-Plaster - Influence Coefficient of Thermal Exchange

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ISSN 2321-5992
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Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2016
Study by Analytical Method of Transient Regime of

Thermal Transfer Through a Insulation Material
Tow-Plaster - Influence Coefficient of Thermal
Exchange
Seydou FAYE1, Mohamed Sidya OULD BRAHIM1, Youssou TRAORE1, Aliou DIOUF1, Moussa DIENG1,
Abdoulaye Korka DIALLO1, Issa DIAGNE1, Hawa LY DIALLO2 , Gregoire SISSOKO1
1Laboratory
of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta
Diop, Dakar, Senegal
2UFR
SET-UT, Unit of Science and Technology Research, Universite de Thies, Senegal
ABSTRACT
Heat transfer in transient regime through a tow-plaster insulation is modeled from the analytical method. Reduced variables of space and
time are used; variables separation method is applied. Ambient temperature is assumed to be identical at both sides subjected to climatic
contraints. Variables heat exchange coefficients are used to minimize thermal exchanges at the level of a side; which virtually equals a
cooled side relative to the other side. Evolution curves temperature and heat flux density in time and space function were used to validate
method of resolution. Influences of heat exchange coefficient of heat flux are highlighted.
Keywords: analytical method - transient regime - heat transfer coefficient
1. INTRODUCTION
Solutions of Laplace equation proposed are many and often complex depending on nature of boundary conditions imposed
on systems. Several methods under static conditions [1], [2] and transient dynamics [3] or established frequency [4] are
proposed.
Curves of change of temperature or heat flux density obtained allow characterization of the material subject to weather
constraints [5]. Techniques to experimentally determine the thermal conductivity [6], [7] or thermal diffusivity [8] are
deduced from these studies.
In following, we propose an analytical method for solving heat equation by imposing heat exchange coefficients variables to
two sides level [9], [10]. Profiles temperature curves and heat flux density according to depth are presented. At a fixed
position in material, changes over time and for different values of heat exchange coefficient are given. At operating results
we highlight quality of tow-plaster thermal insulation.
2. STUDY DESIGN
2.1. Device study
The tow-plaster material is assumed to be homogeneous and of parallelepipedal shape.
The depth of the material is L = 0.05m; the initial temperature of material
and the external ambient
environment
h1 and h2 are respectively the thermal exchange coefficients to the front face and the rear face. The
average thermal diffusivity
Figure 1: Sample tow-plaster.
Volume 4 Issue 7 July 2016
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ISSN 2321-5992
2.2. Theory
Unidirectional transfer of heat in thermal insulating tow-plaster is regulated by equation (1) below:
T T x, h1 , h2 , t is temperature inside material; x depth and t time. Equation (2) gives expression of the diffusivity .
To solve the equation (1) we make dimensionless by asking:
Boundary conditions (3) and (4) become (8) and (9):
Seek the solution of equation (7) in the form of equation (10):

Using equations (7) and (10) we obtain that (11)
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ISSN 2321-5992
positive constant.
From equation (11) we obtain two differential equations:
i) Differential equation in time is given by (12):
ii) Differential equation in space (13) is written:
Biot numbers respectively to the front side and the back side.
Temporal equation (13) has the solution:
;
reduced time constant and
with, n
and
0 Differential equation (13) has the solution:
N
coefficients determined from the boundary conditions.
Expression (20) allows us to find transcendental equation (20):
Transcendental equation is divided into two functions:

i) Trigonometric function denoted
ii) Homogeneous function denoted
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Figure 2 below allows to extract some the eigen values.

10
8
fh(n)
ft( n)
ft(n)
fh(n)
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
0
10
15
20
Figure 2: Graphic determination of eigenvalues (
Tableau 1 : Eigenvalues
1
1.
2
2
3.5
3
6.
5
4
9.6
5
12.
7
General solution of heat flux equation is given by equation (23).
Coefficients , and H(0) are obtained by applying the normalization condition.

a)
Determination of and
:
We use normalization condition to find constants
Coefficients
are determined from expression (18)
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with H1n(0)et H2n(0)are determined using Euler-Fourier integrals.
we obtain :
This gives:
Heat flux density [11], through tow-plaster material is obtained from relationship (34) :
we obtain :
3. RESULTS
3.1. Flow of heat through the material
The heat transfer coefficient at the back side is supposed low and relatively high at the front in Figures 3 and 4. This means
that the bulk of the heat flux falling within the material comes from the front. The back side being at a temperature close to
the initial temperature Ti = 10 C of material.Front face being heated, temperature decreases greatly in material and tends
towards initial temperature of material (Figure 3). For h1=15W.m-2.C-1,
Figure 4 shows heat flux density transmitted is canceled before reaching back side which means that material has stored
much of heat. Observed phenomenon highlights insulating nature of tow-plaster material.
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ISSN 2321-5992
80
-1
h1=15w.m . C
-2 0
-1
h1=10w.m . C
h1=10w.m . C
-2 0
60
-1
Temperature ( C)
-2 0
h1=25w.m . C
h1=5w.m . C
22
-1
-2 0
h1=15w.m . C
24
-1
-2 0
-1
-2 0
-2
26
-2 0
-2 0
h1=25w.m . C
Heat flux density (W.m )
28
20
18
16
14
-1
-1
h1=5w.m . C
40
20
12
10
0,00
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,04
0
0,00
0,05
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,04
0,05
Depth of material (m)
x (m)
Figure 3 :Temperature as a function of depth of

material. Influence of heat exchange coefficients.
t=100s, h2=0.005W.m-2.C-1.
Figure 4 :Heat flux density as a function of depth of

material. Influence of heat exchange coefficients.
t=100s, h2=0.005W.m-2.C-1.
80
-1
h1=25w.m . C
-2 0
-1
h1=15w.m . C
-2 0
-1
24
h1=10w.m . C
h1=5w.m . C
-2 0
h1=10w.m . C
60
-2 0
h1=5w.m . C
-2
h1=15w.m . C
-2 0
-1
Temperature ( C)
-1
-2 0
-1
26
22
-2 0
-2 0
h1=25w.m . C
Heat flux densit (W.m )
28
20
18
16
-1
-1
40
20
14
12
10
0,00
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,04
0,05
x (m)
Figure 5 :Temperature as a fonction depth. Influence

of heat exchange coefficients. t=100s, h 2=5W.m-2.C1
.
0
0,00
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,04
0,05
x (m)
Figure 6 :Heat flux density as a functiondepth.

Influence of heat exchange coefficients. t=100s,
h2=5W.m-2.C-1
Increasing value of thermal exchange coefficient on rear side corresponds to a warming of rear side due to a heat flux
falling within this face (Figure 5 and 6). If variation between thermal exchange coefficient at front and that of face is large,
influence of exchange phenomena in rear face is negligible and behavior in considerable thermal insulation. By cons if
exchange coefficients are comparable, temperature curve has a temperature minimum at mid depth, characterizing a
phenomenon of heat build up (Figure 5). In this case, heat flux density transmitted from front face to rear face is completely
absorbed before reaching the rear face (Figure 6). These observations show that the thermal inertia of the material capable
of storing heat but also to restore it.
3.2. Effect of heat transfer coefficient
Figures 7 and 8 show the evolution of heat in the material as a function of the heat exchange coefficient. Figure 8 highlights
the existence of a threshold exchange coefficient from which the heat flux density is transferred in the various layers of the
material. For that the flux coming to the front reaches the back side partly x = 0.05m, it is necessary to have
. For values of
, figure 7 show that the material have behavior good
thermal insulation; the heat is stored in the material at a temperature comparable to the initial material temperature.
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ISSN 2321-5992
25
Temperature ( C)
20
15
10
x=0,01m
x=0,02m
x=0,03m
x=0,05m
0
0
20
40
60
-2 0
80
100
-1
h1 (W.m . C )
Figure 7: Temperature as a function of heat exchange coefficients to front side of material. Influence of depth. t=100s,
h2=0.005W.m-2.C-1.
-2
Heat flux density (W.m )
60
x=0,01m
x=0,02m
x=0,03m
x=0,05m
40
20
0
0
20
40
60
-2 0
80
100
-1
h1(W.m . C )
Figure 8: Heat flux density as a function of heat exchange coefficients to front side. Influence of depth. t=100s ,
h2=0.005W.m-2.C-1
3.3. Evolution of heat over time
In a depth of material, x=0.01m, we follow the evolution of temperature and heat flux density as a function of time. Figure 9
shows influence of thermal exchange coefficient on initial temperature; heat stored in a portion of material is sensitive to
heat exchange coefficient. Maximum temperature reached depends on external climatic constraints.We can model
approximating change in temperature by (35) below. Coefficient v is the time constant; it is determined from originally
slope coefficient equal to .
is a function of heat transfer coefficient reflecting external climatic constraints.
Transmitted flux density at a point of material decreases over time (Figure 10); this phenomenon is due to heat to build up
by material layers. These storage phenomena characterize the insulating nature of the material.
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70
30
26
-1
-2 0
-1
h1=15w.m . C
-2
Densit de flux de chaleur (W.m )
28
Temperature ( C)
-2 0
h1=25w.m . C
60
-2 0
h1 =25W.m . C
-2 0
h1 =15W.m . C
24
-2 0
h1 =10W.m . C
22
-2 0
h1 = 5W.m . C
-1
-1
-1
-1
20
18
16
14
-2 0
-1
h1=10w.m . C
50
-2 0
h1=5w.m . C
-1
40
30
20
10
0
0
10000
20000
time (s)
Figure 9 : Evolution of temperature as a function of

time. Influence of heat exchange coefficients.
x=0.01m, h2=0.005W.m-2.C-1.
10000
20000
time (s)
Figure 10 : Evolution of heat flux density as a

function of
time influence of heat exchange
coefficients .x=0.01m, h2=0.005W.m-2.C-1.
4. CONCLUSION :
The results give satisfactory evolutions curves in relation to the resolution proposed method transient. The study shows the
importance of controlling exchange phenomena on the surface of the material.
Temperature or heat flux density responses obtained in different depths and faces front and rear levels allow to assess the
extrinsic parameters (heat transfer coefficient) to the surface of the material and the intrinsic parameters (diffusivity and
conductivity thermal) thermal insulation materials.
Modeling through the equation (35) changes of temperature versus time opens the possibility of evaluating the heat transfer
coefficient and thermal conductivity from thermograms.
Rfrences
[1]. Marechal J.C. and Devisme J.M., Metrology thermal insulation materials by measuring the flux in Transient regime,
Materials and constructions, (translated French), Anales I.T.B.T.P vol.7 n41, 1974.
[2]. A. Bejan, The boundary layer regime in a porous layer with uniform heat flux from side, International Journal of
Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 26, N 9, pp. 1339-1346,1983.
[3]. Voumbo, M. L., A. Wareme and G. Sissoko, Characterization of Local Insulators: Sawdust and Wool of Kapok, Res.
J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2(2): 138-142, 2010.
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3(4): 337-343, 2011.
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Material from the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and the Excitation Pulse of Solicitations External Climatic,
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[7]. Hassan El Harfi1, Mohamed Nami1, Mohamed Lamsaadi, Abdelghani Raji1, Mohammed Hasnaoui, Mixed
convection heat transfer for nanofluids in a lid-driven shallow rectangular cavity uniformly heated and cooled from the
vertical sides: the opposing case, Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control-JECTC, 3, 111-130, 2013.
[8]. Jannot Y., Meukam P., Simplified estimation method for the determination of the thermal effusivity using a low cost
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[10]. TsirelMan N.M., Determining the convective heat transfer coefficient from the laws of constant-temperature front
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AUTHOR
Seydou Faye was born in Senegal. His working on his doctorat theses in the Laboratory of Semiconductor
(LASES) and Renewable Energy of the Faculty of Science and Technology of the University Cheikh Anta
DIOP in Dakar. My field speciality is thermal transfer.
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IPASJ International Journal of Computer Science (IIJCS)

Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJCS/IIJCS.htm

A Publisher for Research Motivation ........

Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2016