PHYSICS SOLUTIONS OF

"ADVANCED LEVEL PROBLEMS"

Target : ISEET (IIT-JEE)

TOPIC : CURRENT ELECTRICITY
PART - I
1.

Condition for maximum power is

Net internal resistance = Net external resistance
rnet = Rnet

300
r
n
=R
n

300 r
R

n2 =

300 0.3
10

n=
n=3
2.

Condition for maximum power is

r=R
4=

6R 3R
9R

R=2

3.

Y=

Ans.

F
Ax
7 1010 =

x=

10 10
10 8 x

1010
10

1
m
7

7 10
By volume conservation A1 1 = A2 2

10 108 = 10 A
7

R = R R0 =

2 1

A2
A1

(10 x )10
7 10

R =
10 8
10 10 8
2

1.59 10 8 10 1 1 1

R =
70

10 8

= 15.9

RESONANCE

2
= 0.454
70

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 1

4.

a>b>c
Let
and
a = 2c

Rmax =

a
bc

Rmin =

c
ab

R max
a2
=
=4
Rmin
c2
P
i

5.
r
A

VA VB = E iR < E
R

V
A

6.
V
V

Equaivalent resistance decrease so current will increases.

VA + VV = V
Due to change, VA increases so voltmeter reading will decrease.
7.

Equivalent resistance Req = 10 so current passing through battery and 3 resistance is

10
=1A
Ans.
10
and current passing through 4 is 0.25 A

i=

3
10 V

1A
1 A
2

2
1 A
2

1 A
4

1 =r
2

2
8

RESONANCE

1 A
4

2
8

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 2

8.

1 2

1r2 2r1
r1
r2
VA VB = Eeq = 1 1 = r r
1
2

r1 r2
If 1 > 2 source 1 act as a source and 2 act as a load.
and
V1 = 1 ir1
V2 = 2 + ir2

1 2
V1 = V2 as i = r r
1
2

for 1 > 2

9.

In parallel combination potential difference are same

So V1 + V2 = V3
Here V1 and V2 are in series but their resistances are different
So
V1 = iR1
V2 = iR2
V1 V2

10.

Potential gradient x =

R
E

100
r R
Where R = resistance of potentiometer wire.

E
= x
2

R
E
E
=

100
2
r R

50(r R )
R
> 50 cm.
Ans.
Balance length should be less than or equal to 100 cm
=

100

50(r R )
100
R

Rr

Ans.

11.

Let potential of point D is x. by KCL at point D.

I1 + I2 + I3 = 0

x 70
x0
x 10
+
+
=0
10
20
30
6x 420 + 3x + 2x 20 = 0
11x = 440
x = 40 volt

I1 =

40 70
= 3A ,
10

I2 =

40
= 2A
20

40 10
= 1A
30
P = i2R
P = 32 10 + 22 20 + 12 30
P = 200 W

I3 =

RESONANCE

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 3

12.

It is easier to start a car engine on a warm day than on a chilly cold day because the internal resistance of
battery decreases with rise in temperature and so current increases.
Power Loss = 2R ,

Power loss I2

P
V
since for given power & line P & R are constant
also P = V.

Power loss = 2R =

P 2R

Power loss 2
V2
V
mica is good conductor of heat but bad conductor of electricity

PART - II
1.

total charge passing through solution = 0.5 10 = 5 C.

5
no of electrons

1.6 10 19

on cathode 2 (Cu++ + 2 e Cu)

on anode ( 4 OH 2H2O + O2 + 4e)
no of Cu++ ions deposited

25
G

I=1A

v o{ksi=

0.5 10
1 25
1

1019

19
2 32
2 1.6 10

-6

Ig=2010 30

2.

S
Ig = 20 106 30 = 0.6 103 A
As we know
IgRg = S(I Ig)
25 0.6 103 = S (1 0.6 103)
S=

15.0 10 3
1 0.6 10 3

0.015

Ans.

For voltameter
V = (RA + R) i

Resistance of ammeter is

S Rg
RA = S R
g
RA ~ S = 0.015
V = (RA + R) i
1 = (0.015 + R) 1
R = 0.985

RESONANCE

Ans.

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 4

3.

4 = i 10 103 .
i=

120

10
X 10 4
4
X + 10 = 30 104
X = 29 104
Ans.

4.

Equivalent resistance
Req = 900 +

600 300
= 900 + 200 = 1100
600 300

900

220

220
i=
1100

300

V 600

220
200
1100
V = 40 volt
Ans.

V=

5.

(a)

P = 40 W
h = 10 m
V = 200 litre
t=?
= 90 %

mgh
=P
t
m
40
4
=
=
kg/s. Ans.
t
10 10 0.9
9
(b)
m = 200 103 103 kg

=
t=
6.

4
t
9

1800
900
=
= 450 sec.
4
2

E = 3.4 volt ,

r=3,

i1 = 0.04 A ,

0.04 =

Ans.
RA = 2 ,

V=?,

R = 100 .

RV = ?

3.4
100 R V
3 2
100 R V

100 R V
3. 4
5 + 100 R =
= 85
0.04
V
RV = 400
Ans.
100 400
500
V = 3.20 V
Ans.

V = 0.04

For ideal voltmeter

Rv
i=

3 .4
3 .4
=
3 2 100
105

V = i 100 =

RESONANCE

3 .4
68
100 =
V Ans.
105
21
SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 5

7.

I1 =

E
r R

E
r+R= I
1

I2 =

2E
2r R

E
2r + R = I

E
r
I3 = R
2
To show that

E
r
R =
I3
2

3 I2 I3 = 2I1 (I2 + I3)

E
2E
E
L.H.S = 3

=2
r
2r R
r R
R
2

3E =

2E

= R.H.S

2r R r

1 E 2 r R 2r R

r R 2

3r + 3R = r + 2R + 2r + R

Hence its prove.

8.

nr
=R
m

nE
2R

I=

mE
mE
mE n 2
mn 2
2I
I = mr R = m m R R =
=

2
2
2
2
R(m n )
(m n )
n
n
n n

C
F
E

9.
A

By symmetry
Current in branches FD and CE are zero. Because potential defference across them is zero
D

A
r

10.

Rg = 100
Ig = 1 mA ,

3r
5

S=?,

B
r

r
F

Req =

Ans.
I = 10 A ,

P = 1W

100 103 = (10 103) S

0.1
Ans.
~ 0.01
10 10 3
P = (10 103)2 S = (10 103) 0.1
~
10 0.1 = 1 Watt

S=

RESONANCE

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 6

Power dissipated is slightly less than 1W so its use is safe

4=

E
100 S
r
100 S

...........(i),

4=

Ans.
E
100 0.01
r
100

1 = r 100 s 1.5 ...........(ii) ,

100 s

1
2
+r=
,
100
4

From (i) & (ii)

E

11.

(a)

Ans.

VA = 6 V
VC = 2V

Ans.

(c)
(d)

100
In secondary circuit current is zero
Ans.
6 V, 6 7.5 = 1.5 V, no such point D exists

(a)

Req= 1 + 2 +

(b)

12.

1 = E 1. 5
4
E = 2V

E=x

4=

r = 0.49

Ans.

200
cm
3

Ans.

Ans.

50 200
250

= 43
4.3
= 0.1 A
43
V = 40 0.1 = 4V

i=

(b)

Req= 1 +
=

Ans.
Ans.

52 200
252

252 10400
252

4.3 252
1083.6
1083 .6
200

=
iA =
= 0.08 A
252 10400
10652
10652 200 52
V= 4.3 i 1 = 4.2 V
Ans.

i=

13.

(a)

E = 6V ,

r =10 ,

9V = 6 + i 10
i = 0.3 A
(b)

14.

i=

Ans.

r1 = 1
3
10

Ans.

When internal resistance r1 = 1

9 = 6 + i1 1
i1 = 3 A
Ans.

12
R
R = 2000 = 2K , galvanometer
10000 R
will show deflection, as the temperature of wire wound
decreases, resistance decreases.

2=

RESONANCE

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 7

15.

Circuit can be re-drawn as follows :

By the question V after each section drops to

V
2

i0 Req = V .................. (i)

also i0 R1 = V/2 ......... (ii)
from (i) & (ii)
2R1 = Req ............... (iii)
from the given circuit calculating the R equivalent we have

R 2R eq
R1 + R R
= Req
2
eq
or R1R2 + R1Req + R2Req = R2Req + R2eq
or R2eq R1Req R1R2 = 0
solving the equation we get
Req =

R1 R12 4R1R 2
2

Rejecting the negative root we have Req =

R1 R12 4R1R 2
2

Putting the value of Req in (iii) , we have

2R1 =

R1 R12 4R1R 2
2

or 4R1 = R1 +
or 3R1 =

R12 4R1R 2

R12 4R1R 2

or 9R12 = R12 + 4R1R2

R1 1
or R 2 Ans.
2
16.

It follows from symmetry considerations that the initial circuit can be replaced by an equivalent one (as
shown).

R/2

R/2
A

R/2
Rx/2

R/2

We replace the inner triangle consisting of an infinite number of elements by a resistor of resistance RA B / 2,
where the resistance RAB is such that RAB = Rx and RAB = a. After simplification, the circuit becomes a
system of series and parallel connected conductors. In order to find Rx, we write the equation

RR x / 2
Rx = R R R R / 2
x

RR x / 2
R R

R R x / 2

Solving the equation, we obtain

RAB = Rx =

R( 7 1)
a ( 7 1)
=
Ans.
3
3

RESONANCE

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 8

17.

As,

R=

i.e., resistance of wire is proportional to its lengths other factors being constant. So, resistance of wire.
AB
or
CD = 4 unit
Resistances of arm BC or AD = 3 unit
BC and AD
= 3 unit
and resistance of diagonal AC = 5 unit
(Taking proportionality constant to be unity) Resistance R1 between AC is parallel combination of RADC , RAC
and RABC .

1
1 1 1
35
So, R 7 5 7
i.e.,
R1 =
unit
17
1
Applying Kirchoff's laws for closed meshes BCAB and ADCA,
3( 1) + 52 41 = 0
3 71 + 52 = 0
........(i)
and
3(1 + 2) 4( 1 2) + 52 = 0
4 + 71 + 122 = 0
........(ii)
Adding Eqs.(i) and (ii)

17
Substituting for 2 in Eq.(i)
2 =

8
17
If R2 is the effective resistance between points B and D,
RBD = 41 + 3(1 + 2) = 71 + 32
Substituting for 1 and 2 ,
1 =

RBD = 7 .

8 3

,
17 17

i.e.

RBD
59
R AC = 35

RBD =

59
units
17

Ans.

2nd method
I
4
D
3
(II1)

I1
3

(2I1I)
4

I1 B

(II1)
I

4I1 5 (2 I1 I) + 3 (I I1) = 0
V + 3 (I I1) + 4 I1 = 0
(i) and (ii)

RBD =

V=

........(i)
........(ii)

59
I
17

59
units
17

RESONANCE

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 9

18.

(a) Let thermal energy QA generated when coil A is switched on

QA =

V2
V2
tA =
10
RA
RA

Let thermal energy QB generated when coil B is switched on

QB =

V2
V2
tB =
20
RB
RB

since QA = QB
we have

V2
V2
10 =
20
RA
RB

or 2RA = RB

V2
V2
t
when A & B are connected in series thermal energy QS = R t S =
(R A R B )
eq
when A & B are in parallel

V2
V 2 t P (R A R B )
QP = R' t P =
(R A RB )
eq
QS = QP = QA = QB

V 2tS
V2

=
10
R A RB
RA
or tS = 10
(b)

(R A RB )
3R A
=
RA
R A 10 = 30 minutes

QP = QA
or

V 2 t P (R A RB )
V2
=
10
(R A RB )
RA

or tp

3R A
2R 2A

or tp =

10
= R
A

20
minutes
3

RESONANCE

SOLN CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 10