1. 1.

The Result of the American Occupation

2. 2. In consonance with President McKinleys Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation, the US
introduced in the PH a regime of democratic partnership wherein the Filipinos played the role
of junior partners
3. 3. Universal education Public Health and welfare Commerce, Industry and trade
Basic individual freedoms Means of transportation and communication Political
Consciousness
4. 4. General economic independence in the United States Partial loss of racial heritage
Continuance of the colonial mentality Distorted sense of values
5. 5. Public Education greatest contribution of the United States to Philippine civilization
The American Educational system emphasized the democratic traditions and practical
applications of laws and principles The relegation of religion was optional in the public
school system rather than compulsory because of the Separation of the Church from the
State
6. 6. English language were taught 7 schools in Manila and many more were opened as
the condition of peace and order permitted Enrolment in the public school was compulsory
1899-1900 =100,000 Filipino children were enrolled Free books, pencils and other school
supplies American soldiers were the first public school teachers and were later on
replaced by Thomasites American teachers who came to the PH on board the S.S.
Thomas
7. 7. 1903 1914, Filipino children who showed aptitudes in some branches of learning were
sent to the US as pensionados upon their return, they either taught school or worked in
government offices The American system prepared the Filipino not only for teaching, but
also for administrative service, an asset in the Filipinization of the government
8. 8. Higher Education State-supported University of the PH (1908) Some educational
institutions University of Sto. Tomas The Escuela de Derecho ( School of Law ) The
Instituto Burgos ( Burgos Institute ) Examinations were conducted in English. Thus,
English came to be the language of instructions in all schools, colleges and universities - a
fact which explains why English is understood throughout the Philippines
9. 9. Increase in literacy rate Spanish period 5-8% American period (1st census) 1903
44.2% American period (2nd census) 1918 49.2% Commonwealth was inaugurated
1935 65% Adult Education was experimented by American missionaries in the nonChristian areas from the early years of the American occupation, but it was not until 1933
that it became a movement
10. 10. Introduction of scientific program of public health and welfare by the Spanish colonial
government Vaccination Bureau of Health(1806) Central Council of Vaccination (1851)
American period Spread of diseases were minimized Quarantine service was
established Supervised by American doctors and public health officers Infant mortality
and the incidence of malaria and other diseases were reduced considerably Hygiene and
sanitation were taught
11. 11. Took away Filipinos fallacies and beliefs in superstitions but this task is difficult The
Board of Public Health (1901) then became a Bureau signaled the intensified campaign for

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improved public health and eradication of superstitions and ignorance Death rate per 1000
persons 1898 = 30.5%, 1907 = 21.29% 1917-1918 = cholera and smallpox epidemics
broke out
12. Provided facilities for the release of human misery and misfortune Asylum for
orphans and juvenile offenders Vocational training resulted to their moral and physical
rehabilitation Decreased mortality rate Improved standard of living Salt-and-rice
nutrition was replaced by a balanced diet that resulted in physical robustness From 52
54 improved to 54 -56 With improved balanced diet, exercise and sports
13. Free trade relations with the US 1902 : Reduction of 25% was allowed on goods
coming from the Philippines 1909 : American Congress passed the Payne- Aldrich Tariff Act
All PH exports, except rice, were allowed to enter American markets free of duty w/in
certain quota limits 1913 : American Congress passed the Simmons- Underwood Tariff Act
Quota limitations were abolished on PH export product like hemp, sugar and tobacco
14. PH foreign trade rose to unheard-of proportions 1900-1909 = 60.9 million pesos
1910-1914 = 94.7 million pesos 1914-1918 =177.3 million pesos 1919-1924 = 234.7
million pesos 1925-1930 = 297.9 million pesos 1930-1935 = 213.2 million pesos
Worldwide economic depression
15. Domestic trade likewise developed 1917 P 400,197,966 1935 P 631,614,000
Domestic trade was low compared with foreign trade because the internal trade of the
country was mostly in the hands of the aliens Chinese 50% Filipino 25% Japanese
20% Other nationalities 5%
16. Factories Development Textile, cigar and cigarette factories multiplied Sawmills,
coconut oil mills, cordage factories, fishing and fish canning, alcohol distilleries and sugar
centrals were established Mining one of the most important industries became the
backbone of Philippine economy 1929 P 6,740,781 1935 P 31,979,030
Household industries 1918 P 16, 500,000 1935 P 50,000,000
17. While it improved the standard of living, it was nevertheless artificial, for economic
prosperity was dependent on a relation that was basically unsound Most of the PH exports
went to American market Other foreign markets were neglected so that the closure of
American ports to undutiable PH exports resulted in economic dislocation
18. Speaker Sergio Osmea and Resident Commissioner Manuel L. Quezon opposed
free trade relations Philippines dependence on the American markets would endanger the
political independence of the country Tydings-McDuffie Independence Act of 1934
Restrictions on the exporrtation of PH sugar, tobacco, hemp and coconut These restrictions
wreaked havoc on PH economy, for the surplus products that could no longer enter the
American markets free of duty had a hard time finding other foreign market
19. The over-all effect of the Philippine- American free trade relations was therefore the
placing of the Philippine economy at the mercy of the Americans
20. Road Spanish period - Less than 1000 miles of road By1935 - Increased to
12,912.12 Bridges and culverts In 1898 2600, then in 1935 8100 Transportation
From ancient bull carts, carretelas and calesas existed the cars, trucks and railway cars
Railway 1903 195 km of railway 1935 1395 km of railway

21. 21. Manila-Dagupan Railway Company then became Manila Railroad Company Water
transportation Interisland shipping 1902 opened more than a hundred ports to domestic
shipping Philippine Legislature passed a law in 1923 providing that only ships owned locally
could engage in interisland shipping
22. 22. Telephone lines(1905) and radio-telephone (1933) service were introduced in Manila
Provincial capitals were linked together by telephones, telegraph lines and radio Mail
offices numbered more than a thousand in 1935 that handled ordinary mail, telegrams,
money orders and air mail letters and packages
23. 23. The improvement and building of roads, railways and bridges meant importation of
American tools, equipment and materials. Good roads and bridges meant importation of
American trucks and cars. To make these vehicles run, importation of American oil and
gasoline was imperative. Truck and automobile spare parts and tires were imported from the
US PH was one of Americas greatest markets in the Orient American altruism was
engrafted with profit motive
24. 24. McKinleys Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation and his Instructions to the second
or Taft Commission laid the bases of American policy. This policy was rooted in the
recognition of the individual freedoms, the foundation of any democratic system. The
Filipinos in the early years of American tutelage were not allowed to enjoy the full measure of
freedom.
25. 25. The Sedition Law of 1901 It is seditious of any Filipino to advocate independence
Seditious the crime of saying, writing or doing something that encourages people to
disobey their government The Flag Law of 1907 prohibited the display of the Filipino flag
Era of Freedom Freedom of religious worship Freedom of the press Freedom to
assemble peaceably for the redness of grievances Freedom to change domicile Freedom
of speech
26. 26. It is, however, a mistake to suppose that the Americans taught the Filipinos the
meaning of freedom before the Americans came, for they enjoyed the blessing under the
Revolutionary Government and the Republic. They had democracy, and practiced it, when
the Americans arrived. They practiced it in the Tejeros Convention, in the election of
delegates to the Malolos Congress, and in the framing of the Malolos Constitution. What
Americans did was to broaden the democratic base, that is to say, they made the principles
of democracy apply to all even to the poorest and illiterate common tao.
27. 27. Attack on American individuals Aves de Rapia (Birds of Prey) Libel case The
pages of the nationalistic periodical El Renacimiento and its Tagalog section, the Muling
Pagsilang were full of vitriolic attacks on the Americans In 1908, El Renacimiento vigorously
attacked the then Secretary of the Interior, Dean Worcester, who immediately sued the owner
and editors of the paper for libel Teodoro M. Kalaw, the editor of the paper, was sentenced
to jail, but was pardoned by the Governor-General F. B. Harrison
28. 28. Nationalistic plays reminder of freedom and Independence Aurelio Tolentinos
Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas Arrested and jailed for advocating independence in his play
Juan Matapang Cruzs Hindi Ako Patay Juan Abads Tanikalang Ginto Severino Reyes
Walang Sugat As the condition of peace and order improved, the repression of civil

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liberties was removed. Individuals were free to talk their heads off. For the first line in their
history, the Filipinos enjoyed all the basic freedoms in their relations with one another and
with the American colonial government
29. The Americans gave the Filipinos the first taste of politics Issues were outlined,
platforms were well prepared, speeches were delivered, funds accumulated From innocent
to corrupted After the creation of a bicameral legislature in 1916, politics followed the
American groove Deep political consciousness
30. One of the most lasting American influence is the development of a Filipino literature
in English and the adoption of American words and phrases English language became the
medium of creative expression Juan F. Salazar Justo Juliano Bernardo P. Garcia
Maximo M. Kalaw Tarcila Malabanan Francisco M. Africa
31. Second Generation of writers Fernando M. Maramag Carlos P. Romulo Mauro
Mendez Cristino Jamias Vicente M. Hilario Eliseo Quirino They wrote not only poems
and essays, but also short stories, novels and dramas
32. Adopted English words bulakbol (blackball) slacker Basket Klase (Spanish - clase)
class Up to the present, there are about 600 or so English words adopted in the national
language Some translation were fairly accurate and easily adoptable, yet many were
simply awkward or silly
33. English idioms, when translated from Tagalog, became funny Buhat sa sulok ng mga
mata (out of the corner of ones eye) Sa pagitan ng mga talata (between the lines) Sa
likod ng pangyayari (in spite of the fact) Sa ibabaw ng lahat (above all) Kalangitang
ipinagbabawal (forbidden glory) Its influence has the character of permanence
34. Filipinos are naturally imitative and can out- Spanish or out-American a Spaniard or an
American. Thus, many Filipinos take pride in describing Philippines as the only Christian
country in the Orient and the most westernized country in the Orient American goods and
services were at first considered luxuries. After 45 years of occupation, they became
necessities Filipinos became economically dependent on US Neglect and consequent
death of Filipino industry
35. Colonial Mentality Stateside American goods American mode of living Spaniard
used violence, on the other hand, Americans used kindness Partial loss of Filipino
Heritage Close family ties Love of their own language and culture Traditional communal
unity let-well-enough- alone
36. Materialism Movies have been the purveyor of American materialism Success was
being measured in terms of material possessions The people as a rule have lost their sense
of values American films made a bad influence towards Filipinos Poets and thinkers were
ridiculed as Filisofos and Patay-gutom Today, since American influence is a continuing
process, the Filipino is as confused as ever. The tragedy is that this confusion is mistaken for
genius to acquire material possessions
37. Hollywood movies Gangsterism Juvenile delinquency Promiscuous love affairs
Betrayal Racketeering Graft and corruption