Normal Inflamed
Mammae = breast
cull RIP
What are the health concerns
of mastitis ?
n Animal health
u Loss of functional quarter
u Lowered milk production
u Death of cow
n Human health
u Poor quality milk
u antibiotic residues in milk
How severe can mastitis be ?
n Subclinical Mastitis n Clinical Mastitis
u ~ 90 -95% of all mastitis cases u ~ 5 - 10% of all mastitis cases
u Udder appears normal u Inflamed udder
u Milk appears normal u Clumps and clots in milk
F weather extremes
Where do these organisms
come from ?
n Infected udder
n Environment
u bedding
u soil
u water
u manure
n Replacement animals
BACTERIA
Streptococci
Field
language n Environmental n Contagious
u S. uberis u S. agalactiae
u S. dysgalactiae
u S. equinus n Clinical mastitis
“Streps”
n Cannot live outside
“Environmentals” n More subclinical the udder
mastitis n Treated easily with
“Environmental
Environment penicillin
Strep” n
n Predominant early
and late lactation
BACTERIA
Staphylococci
Field n Staph. aureus
language u Summer mastitis
u Spread by milking equipment and milker’s hands
u Persistent, difficult to eliminate
u If unattended leads to chronic mastitis
“Staph” n Other Staph
u Found normally on skin
“Staph. u Lowers milk yield
Mastitis” u Elevated SCC
u Easily responds to antibiotics
u Relapse frequently seen
BACTERIA
Coliforms
n Groups of organisms
F E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter
n Organisms
Cow Environment n Environment
Process of infection
Organisms invade the udder through
teat canal
n Cowside tests
u California Mastitis test
How is mastitis diagnosed ?
n Culture analysis
u The most reliable
and accurate
method
F costly ($ 5-
5 12)
How do you treat mastitis ?
n Clinical mastitis
u Strip quarter every 2 hours
u Oxytocin valuable
u high temp, give aspirin
u Seek veterinary assistance
u Treatment with penicillins
n Subclinical mastitis
u Questionable
F Quats 0.5%
F LDBSA 0.2%
F Hypochlorous acid
F Bleach ?
n STEP ONE
u Educate owners and milkers about implementing a
standardized milking procedure (Benefits !!!!!!)
F Sanitation
F Monitor records
n STEP FIVE
u Establishcorrective actions to be implemented if milk
quality critical limits have exceeded.