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NCERTSolutionsforClass10th:Ch7CoordinateGeometry
Maths

Bethefirstofyourfriendstolikethis

PageNo:161
Exercise7.1
1.Findthedistancebetweenthefollowingpairsofpoints:
(i)(2,3),(4,1)(ii)(5,7),(1,3)(iii)(a,b),(a,b)
Answer
(i)Distancebetweenthepointsisgivenby

(ii)Distancebetween(5,7)and(1,3)isgivenby

(iii)Distancebetween(a,b)and(a,b)isgivenby

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Syllabus

2.Findthedistancebetweenthepoints(0,0)and(36,15).Canyou
nowfindthedistancebetweenthetwotownsAandBdiscussedin
Section7.2.
Answer

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Distancebetweenpoints(0,0)and(36,15)

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Yes,AssumetownAatoriginpoint(0,0).
Therefore,townBwillbeatpoint(36,15)withrespecttotownA.
Andhence,ascalculatedabove,thedistancebetweentownAand
Bwillbe39km.

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3.Determineifthepoints(1,5),(2,3)and(-2,-11)arecollinear.

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Answer

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Letthepoints(1,5),(2,3),and(-2,-11)berepresentingthevertices
A,B,andCofthegiventrianglerespectively.LetA=(1,5),B=(2,
3)andC=(-2,-11)

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SinceAB+BCCA
Therefore,thepoints(1,5),(2,3),and(-2,-11)arenotcollinear.
4.Checkwhether(5,-2),(6,4)and(7,-2)aretheverticesofan
isoscelestriangle.
Answer
Letthepoints(5,-2),(6,4),and(7,-2)arerepresentingthe
verticesA,B,andCofthegiventrianglerespectively.

Therefore,AB=BC
Astwosidesareequalinlength,therefore,ABCisanisosceles
triangle.
5.Inaclassroom,4friendsareseatedatthepointsA,B,CandD
asshowninthefollowingfigure.ChampaandChameliwalkintothe
classandafterobservingforafewminutesChampaasksChameli,
Don'tyouthinkABCDisasquare?Chamelidisagrees.
Usingdistanceformula,findwhichofthemiscorrect.

Answer
Clearlyfromthefigure,thecoordinatesofpointsA,B,CandDare
(3,4),(6,7),(9,4)and(6,1).
Byusingdistanceformula,weget

ItcanbeobservedthatallsidesofthisquadrilateralABCDareof
thesamelengthandalsothediagonalsareofthesamelength.
Therefore,ABCDisasquareandhence,Champawascorrect
6.Namethetypeofquadrilateralformed,ifany,bythefollowing
points,andgivereasonsforyouranswer:
(i)(-1,-2),(1,0),(-1,2),(-3,0)
(ii)(-3,5),(3,1),(0,3),(-1,-4)
(iii)(4,5),(7,6),(4,3),(1,2)
Answer
Letthepoints(-1,-2),(1,0),(-1,2),and(-3,0)berepresenting
theverticesA,B,C,andDofthegivenquadrilateralrespectively.

Itcanbeobservedthatallsidesofthisquadrilateralareofthesame
lengthandalso,thediagonalsareofthesamelength.Therefore,
thegivenpointsaretheverticesofasquare.
(ii)Letthepoints(-3,5),(3,1),(0,3),and(-1,-4)be
representingtheverticesA,B,C,andDofthegivenquadrilateral
respectively.

Itcanbeobservedthatallsidesofthisquadrilateralareofdifferent
lengths.Therefore,itcanbesaidthatitisonlyageneral
quadrilateral,andnotspecificsuchassquare,rectangle,etc.
(iii)Letthepoints(4,5),(7,6),(4,3),and(1,2)berepresentingthe
verticesA,B,C,andDofthegivenquadrilateralrespectively.

Itcanbeobservedthatoppositesidesofthisquadrilateralareofthe
samelength.However,thediagonalsareofdifferentlengths.
Therefore,thegivenpointsaretheverticesofaparallelogram.
7.Findthepointonthex-axiswhichisequidistantfrom(2,-5)and
(-2,9).

Answer
Wehavetofindapointonx-axis.Therefore,itsy-coordinatewillbe
0.
Letthepointonx-axisbe(x,0)

(x-2)2+25=(x-2)2+81
x 2+4-4x+25=x2+4+4x+81
8x=25-81
8x=-56
x=-7
Therefore,thepointis(-7,0).
8.FindthevaluesofyforwhichthedistancebetweenthepointsP
(2,-3)andQ(10,y)is10units.
Answer
Itisgiventhatthedistancebetween(2,-3)and(10,y)is10.

64+(y+3)2=100
(y+3)2=36
y+3=6
y+3=+6ory+3=-6
Therefore,y=3or-9
9.IfQ(0,1)isequidistantfromP(5,-3)andR(x,6),findthe
valuesofx.AlsofindthedistanceQRandPR.
Answer
PQ=QR

41=x 2+25
16=x 2
x=4
Therefore,pointRis(4,6)or(-4,6).
WhenpointRis(4,6),

10.Findarelationbetweenxandysuchthatthepoint(x,y)is
equidistantfromthepoint(3,6)and(-3,4).
Answer
Point(x,y)isequidistantfrom(3,6)and(-3,4).

x 2+9-6x+y 2+36-12y=x 2+9+6x+y 2+16-8y

36-16=6x+6x+12y-8y
20=12x+4y
3x+y=5
3x+y-5=0

Exercise7.2
1.Findthecoordinatesofthepointwhichdividesthejoinof(-1,7)
and(4,-3)intheratio2:3.
Answer
LetP(x,y)betherequiredpoint.Usingthesectionformula,weget

Therefore,thepointis(1,3).
2.Findthecoordinatesofthepointsoftrisectionofthelinesegment
joining(4,-1)and(-2,-3).
Answer

LetP(x 1,y 1)andQ(x 2,y 2)arethepointsoftrisectionoftheline

segmentjoiningthegivenpointsi.e.,AP=PQ=QB
Therefore,pointPdividesABinternallyintheratio1:2.

3.ToconductSportsDayactivities,inyourrectangularshaped
schoolgroundABCD,lineshavebeendrawnwithchalkpowderata
distanceof1meach.100flowerpotshavebeenplacedata
distanceof1mfromeachotheralongAD,asshowninthe
followingfigure.Niharikaruns1/4ththedistanceADonthe2ndline
andpostsagreenflag.Preetruns1/5ththedistanceADonthe
eighthlineandpostsaredflag.Whatisthedistancebetweenboth
theflags?IfRashmihastopostablueflagexactlyhalfwaybetween
thelinesegmentjoiningthetwoflags,whereshouldsheposther
flag?

Answer
ItcanbeobservedthatNiharikapostedthegreenflagat1/4thofthe
distanceADi.e.,(1100/4)m=25mfromthestartingpointof2nd
line.Therefore,thecoordinatesofthispointGis(2,25).
Similarly,Preetpostedredflagat1/5ofthedistanceAD
i.e.,(1100/5)m=20mfromthestartingpointof8thline.
Therefore,thecoordinatesofthispointRare(8,20).
Distancebetweentheseflagsbyusingdistanceformula=GR

Therefore,Rashmishouldpostherblueflagat22.5mon5thline.
4.Findtheratioinwhichthelinesegmentjoiningthepoints(-3,10)
and(6,-8)isdividedby(-1,6).
Answer
Lettheratioinwhichthelinesegmentjoining(-3,10)and(6,-8)is
dividedbypoint(-1,6)bek:1.Therefore,-1=6k-3/k+1
-k-1=6k-3
7k=2
k=2/7
Therefore,therequiredratiois2:7.
5.FindtheratioinwhichthelinesegmentjoiningA(1,-5)andB(4,5)isdividedbythex-axis.Alsofindthecoordinatesofthepointof
division.
Answer
LettheratioinwhichthelinesegmentjoiningA(1,-5)andB(-4,
5)isdividedbyx-axisbe
.
Therefore,thecoordinatesofthepointofdivisionis(-4k+1/k+1,5k5/k+1).
Weknowthaty-coordinateofanypointonx-axisis0.
5k-5/k+1=0
Therefore,x-axisdividesitintheratio1:1.

6.If(1,2),(4,y),(x,6)and(3,5)aretheverticesofaparallelogram
takeninorder,findxandy.
Answer

LetA,B,CandDbethepoints(1,2)(4,y),(x,6)and(3,5)
respectively.
MidpointofdiagonalACis
andMidpointofDiagonalBDis
Sincethediagonalsofaparallelogrambisecteachother,themid

pointofACandBDaresame.
x+1/2=7/2and4=5+y /2
x+1=7and5+y=8
x=6andy=3
7.FindthecoordinatesofapointA,whereABisthediameterof
circlewhosecentreis(2,-3)andBis(1,4).
Answer
LetthecoordinatesofpointAbe(x,y).
Mid-pointofABis(2,-3),whichisthecenterofthecircle.

x+1=4andy+4=-6
x=3andy=-10
Therefore,thecoordinatesofAare(3,-10).
8.IfAandBare(2,2)and(2,4),respectively,findthe
coordinatesofPsuchthatAP=3/7ABandPliesontheline
segmentAB.
Answer

ThecoordinatesofpointAandBare(-2,-2)and(2,-4)respectively.
SinceAP=3/7AB
Therefore,AP:PB=3:4
PointPdividesthelinesegmentABintheratio3:4.

9.Findthecoordinatesofthepointswhichdividethelinesegment
joiningA(-2,2)andB(2,8)intofourequalparts.
Answer

Fromthefigure,itcanbeobservedthatpointsX,Y,Zaredividing
thelinesegmentinaratio1:3,1:1,3:1respectively.

10.Findtheareaofarhombusifitsverticesare(3,0),(4,5),(-1,4)
and(-2,-1)takeninorder.[Hint:Areaofarhombus=1/2(productof
itsdiagonals)]
Answer

Let(3,0),(4,5),(-1,4)and(-2,-1)aretheverticesA,B,C,Dof
arhombusABCD.

PageNo:170
Exercises7.3
1.Findtheareaofthetrianglewhoseverticesare:
(i)(2,3),(-1,0),(2,-4)
(ii)(-5,-1),(3,-5),(5,2)
Answer
(i)Areaofatriangleisgivenby
Areaoftriangle=1/2{x 1(y 2-y 3)+x 2(y 3-y 1)+x 3(y 1-y 2)}
Areaofthegiventriangle=1/2[2{0-(-4)}+(-1){(-4)-(3)}+2(30)]
=1/2{8+7+6}
=21/2squareunits.
(ii)Areaofthegiventriangle=1/2[-5{(-5)-(4)}+3(2-(-1))+5{-1(-5)}]
=1/2{35+9+20}
=32squareunits
2.Ineachofthefollowingfindthevalueof'k',forwhichthepoints
arecollinear.
(i)(7,-2),(5,1),(3,-k)
(ii)(8,1),(k,-4),(2,-5)
Answer
(i)Forcollinearpoints,areaoftriangleformedbythemiszero.
Therefore,forpoints(7,-2)(5,1),and(3,k),area=0
1/2[7{1-k}+5(k-(-2))+3{(-2)+1}]=0
7-7k+5k+10-9=0
-2k+8=0
k=4
(ii)Forcollinearpoints,areaoftriangleformedbythemiszero.
Therefore,forpoints(8,1),(k,-4),and(2,-5),area=0
1/2[8{-4-(-5)}+k{(-5)-(1)}+2{1-(-4)}]=0
8-6k+10=0
6k=18
k=3
3.Findtheareaofthetriangleformedbyjoiningthemid-pointsof
thesidesofthetrianglewhoseverticesare(0,-1),(2,1)and(0,3).
Findtheratioofthisareatotheareaofthegiventriangle.
Answer

LettheverticesofthetrianglebeA(0,-1),B(2,1),C(0,3).
LetD,E,Fbethemid-pointsofthesidesofthistriangle.
CoordinatesofD,E,andFaregivenby
D=(0+2/2,-1+1/2)=(1,0)
E=(0+0/2,-3-1/2)=(0,1)
F=(2+0/2,1+3/2)=(1,2)
Areaofatriangle=1/2{x 1(y 2-y 3)+x 2(y 3-y 1)+x 3(y 1-y 2)}
AreaofDEF=1/2{1(2-1)+1(1-0)+0(0-2)}
=1/2(1+1)=1squareunits
AreaofABC=1/2[0(1-3)+2{3-(-1)}+0(-1-1)]
=1/2{8}=4squareunits
Therefore,therequiredratiois1:4.
4.Findtheareaofthequadrilateralwhosevertices,takeninorder,
are(-4,-2),(-3,-5),(3,-2)and(2,3).
Answer

LettheverticesofthequadrilateralbeA(-4,-2),B(-3,-5),C(3,
-2),andD(2,3).JoinACtoformtwotrianglesABCandACD.
Areaofatriangle=1/2{x 1(y 2-y 3)+x 2(y 3-y 1)+x 3(y 1-y 2)}
AreaofABC=1/2[(-4){(-5)-(-2)}+(-3){(-2)-(-2)}+3{(-2)(-5)}]
=1/2(12+0+9)
=21/2squareunits
AreaofACD=1/2[(-4){(-2)-(3)}+3{(3)-(-2)}+2{(-2)-(-2)}]
=1/2(20+15+0)
=35/2squareunits
AreaofABCD=AreaofABC+AreaofACD
=(21/2+35/2)squareunits=28squareunits
5.YouhavestudiedinClassIXthatamedianofatriangledividesit
intotwotrianglesofequalareas.VerifythisresultforABCwhose
verticesareA(4,-6),B(3,-2)andC(5,2).
Answer

LettheverticesofthetrianglebeA(4,-6),B(3,-2),andC(5,2).
LetDbethemid-pointofsideBCofABC.Therefore,ADisthe
medianinABC.

CoordinatesofpointD=(3+5/2,-2+2/2)=(4,0)
Areaofatriangle=1/2{x 1(y 2-y 3)+x 2(y 3-y 1)+x 3(y 1-y 2)}
AreaofABD=1/2[(4){(-2)-(0)}+3{(0)-(-6)}+(4){(-6)-(-2)}]
=1/2(-8+18-16)
=-3squareunits
However,areacannotbenegative.Therefore,areaofABDis3
squareunits.
AreaofABD=1/2[(4){0-(2)}+4{(2)-(-6)}+(5){(-6)-(0)}]
=1/2(-8+32-30)
=-3squareunits
However,areacannotbenegative.Therefore,areaofABDis3
squareunits.
Theareaofbothsidesissame.Thus,medianADhasdivided
ABCintwotrianglesofequalareas.
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