FOUNDATION -

TYPE-1

DATA :BASIC DATA

S =
UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL
C =
UNIT WEIGHT OF CONCRETE
S.B.C OF SOIL
=
FRICTION FACTOR BET. CONCRETE AND SOIL =
fc' =
fy =
FACTOR OF SAFETY

18
24
200
0.4
27.6
415
1.5

kN/m3
kN/m3
kN/m
N/mm
N/mm

BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL

GOVERNING LOAD CASE
( with wind =1, without wind =2)
BEARING CAPACITY IS INCREASED BY
ALLOWABLE NET B.C OF SOIL
UN-FACTORED SUPPORT REACTIONS
VERTICAL (Down) ON FOOTING
HORIZONTAL FORCE IN x DIR . ON TOP
HORIZONTAL FORCE IN z DIR .ON TOP
MOMENT ABOUT x AXIS ON FOOTING
MOMENT ABOUT z AXIS ON FOOTING
HORIZONTAL FORCE ON FOOTING

2
0%
200 kN/m
REFER PAGE 8 OF 13 IN STAAD OUT PUT
P'
Hx
Hz
M'x
M'z
HxF

=
=
=
=
=
=

637.000
17.411
15.000
15.443
12.000
0.000

kN
kN
kN
kN-m
kN-m
kN

ASSUMING
PEDESTAL SIZE l x b :

l =
b =

0.40 m
0.60 m

FOOTING SIZE

L =
B =

2.50 m
2.50 m

L x B:

DEPTH OF FOUNDATION
THICKNESS OF FOOTING t :
DEPTH OF SOIL
(Top of Foundation to top of Soil)

H =
t =
T =

1.500 m (From TOC)

0.50 m
1.00 m

HEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
PROJECTION OF FOOTING
PROJECTION OF FOOTING

H1 =
l' =
b' =

0.250 m
1.05 m
0.95 m

2500
1050

400

1050

950

l
b

600

2500

950

X
X
Z
PEDESTAL

1500

500
1050

400
L = 2500

1050

CALCULATION OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL

SELF WEIGHT OF PEDESTAL

SELF WEIGHT OF FOOTING

SELF WEIGHT OF SOIL

W FP. = (l x b x H1 x C)

W FF.

W FS.

= 0.40 X 0.60 X 0.25 X 24

=
1.44 kN
= (L x B x t x C)
= 2.50 X 2.50 X 0.50 X 24
=
75.00 kN
= ((L x B) - (l x b)) x (T) x s)
=
108.18 kN

W F = W FP + W FF +W FS

TOTAL
Weight of foun., ped. & soil
Weight of stru. & above
LOAD AT THE BASE OF THE FOOTING :

=
=

184.62 kN
821.62 kN

P = W Fp+W FF + P'
= 1.440 + 75.000+637.000
=
713.44 kN
P =
713.44 kN

MOMENT ABOUT x AXIS AT THE BASE OF FOOTING:

Mx = Hz X D + M'x
= 15.000 X 1.500+15.443
=
37.943 kN-m
Mx =

37.943 kN-m

MOMENT ABOUT z AXIS AT THE BASE OF FOOTING:

Mz = Hx X D + M'z
= 17.411 X 1.500 + 12.000
=
38.117 kN-m
Mz =

38.117 kN-m

ECCENTRICITY IN X AXIS ex :
ex = Mz/P
= 38.117 / 821.620
=
0.046 m
ECCENTRICITY IN Z AXIS ez :
ez = Mx/P
= 37.943 / 821.620
=
0.046 m

ECCENTRICITY RATIO :
ex / L = 0.0460 / 2.50
=
0.02
ez / B = 0.0460 / 2.50
=
0.018
REFER

TO CHART No.6.14(d)OF 'FOUNDATION DESIGN' by W.C.TENG.

VALUE OF THE CONSTANT

K = 1.23

qmax = (( K * P) / (L * B)) - (P / (L * B))

= ((1.23 X 821.620) / (2.50X2.50)) - (108.18/ ( 2.50 * 2.50))
=
144.00 kN/m
CHECK FOR NET BEARING PRESSURE
IS qmax < BC ?
CHECK
144.00kN/m < 200.00kN/m
RESULT

SAFE

CHECK FOR CONTACT AREA

Contact width along X - Direction
Contact width

% Of Contact

CHECK

=
=
=
=
=
=

IS % of Contact > 60% ?

RESULT

SAFE

Contact width along Z - Direction

Contact length

% Of Contact

CHECK
RESULT

3(L/2-ex)
3(2.500/2-0.046)
3.612 m
Contact width/Footing width
(3.612/2.500)*100
100%

=
=
=
=
=

3(B/2-ez)
3(2.500/2-0.046)
3.612 m
Contact width/Footing length
(3.612/2.500)*100
100%

IS % Contact > 60% ?

SAFE

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FOOTING

REINFORCEMENT FOR FOOTING:
CONSIDER A SECTION AT THE FACE OF THE PEDESTAL
Critical span for design
=

MAX. BENDING MOMENT

1.05 m
M = qmax X l'/2
= 144.00 x 1.050/2
=
79.38 kN-m/m

ASSUME DIA. OF BAR FOR FOOTING

EFF.DEPTH OF FOOTING

d = t-0.075-/(1000*2)
=
0.417 m
=
417 mm

16 mm

CONSIDER 1m WIDTH OF FOOTING

FACTORED BENDING MOMENT

b =
1000 mm
Mu = 79.38 x 1.500
119.070 kN-m
Rn = MU/(xb x d)
= 0.761
N/mm
= 110.3140273 psi

FOR GIVEN GRADE OF CONCRETE AND STEEL

Rn lim = MU lim./(xb x d)
MU lim. = (0.234 x fc' x b x d)
= 1123044718
Rn lim = 7.176
N/mm
CHECK
IS Rn lim. > Rn
RESULT
no compression rebar is required
Pt = 0.85fc'/fy(1-SQRT(1-(2*Rn/0.85*fc')))
Pt = 0.0012685

AREA OF STEEL

SPACING
SPACING OF16 mm DIA BARS @
So, PROVIDE 16 mm DIA BARS @

fc' =
fy =
As =

4000 psi
60000 psi
528.954 mm

Sv = (1000 X /4)/As
=
380 mm
375 C/C
150 C/C

CHECK FOR MINI. % OF STEEL

AREA OF STEEL PROVIDED
% OF STEEL PROVIDED
MINI. % OF STEEL REQUIRED
IS ptP > ptmini.
CHECK
RESULT

Asp = (1000 X /4)/Sv

= 1340.586667 mm
ptP = 100As/bd
0.32 %
ptmini. =
0.18 %
SAFE

CHECK FOR BEAM SHEAR:

CONSIDER A SECTION AT A DISTANCE OF EFF.DEPTH FROM THE FACE
OF THE PEDESTAL.
CHECK
IS d < PROJECTION OF FOOTING ?
0.4170 < 1.050
BEAM SHEAR CHEKING IS REQUIRED
SHEAR FORCE @ d FROM FACE OF THE PEDESTAL
Critical span for design
=
1.05 m
Critical width for design
=
2.5 m
V = (l' -d )x q max. x B
= (1.050 - 0.417) X144.000X2.50
=
227.88 kN
FACTORED SHEAR FORCE
SHEAR RESISTING AREA

SHEAR STRESS

Vu = 227.88 x 1.500
=
341.82 kN
A = Bxd
= 2.50 X 0.417
=
1.043 m
v = Vu/A
= 341.820/1.0425
=
327.885 kN/m
=
0.328 N/mm
Vc = *2*SQRT(FC')
= 107.5174404 psi
=
0.753 N/mm

CHECK
RESULT

IS v < vc ?

0.328 < 0.753

SAFE

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR :

AT .5 d FROM FACE OF PEDESTAL
CONSIDER A SECTION AT A DISTANCE OF 0.5d FROM THE FACE OF PEDESTAL
CHECK

IS 0.5d > PROJECTION OF FOOTING ?

0.5 d = 0.5 X 0.417
= 0.209
0.209 < 1.050
HENCE PUNCHING SHEAR CHECKING IS RERQIRED

SELF WEIGHT OF PEDESTAL

LOAD FROM SUPER STRUCTURE
SHEAR FORCE

=
V =

1.44 kN
637.00 kN
638.44 kN

FACTORED SHEAR FORCE

Vu = V x F.S
= 638.44 x 1.500
=
957.66 kN

SHEAR RESISTING AREA

A = Uo x d
Uo = 2 x ((0.40 + 0.209 x 2 )
+ (0.60 x 0.209 x 2))
=
3.668 m
A = 3.67 X 0.417
=
1.53 m

SHEAR STRESS

v = Vu/A
= 957.660/1.5300
=
625.922 kN/m
=
0.6259 N/mm
Vc = *4*SQRT(fc')
= 252.9822128 psi
= 1.770622507 N/mm

CHECK

IS v < vc ?

RESULT

0.626 < 1.771

SAFE

CHECK FOR SLIDING :

TOTAL VERTICAL LOAD
HORIZONTAL LOAD
CO.EFF OF FRICTION
F.S.AGAINST SLIDING

CHECK

IS F.S.>1.5?

P =
821.62 kN
W =
17.41 kN
f = 0.4
= (f x P)/W
= (0.40X821.6200)/17.41
= 18.876
18.876 > 1.5

RESULT

SAFE

CHECK FOR OVERTURNING :

TOTAL VERTICAL LOAD
HORIZONTAL LOAD
TOTAL RESISTING MOMENT
TOTAL OVERTURNING MOMENT
F.S.AGAINST OVERTURNING

CHECK
RESULT

IS F.S.>1.5?

P =
W =
MR =
MO =
f =
=

821.62 kN
17.41 kN
P x (L/2) =
(Hx) x H +M
MR/MO
24.712

24.712 > 1.5

SAFE

1027.03 kN.m
41.56 kN.m

DESIGN OF PIPE SUPPORT PEDESTAL

DATA
LENGTH OF PEDESTAL

l =

0.40 m

BREADTH OF PEDESTAL

b =

0.60 m

HEIGHT OF PEDESTAL

h =

0.25 m

DIA OF BAR USED

SELF WEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
LOAD FROM ANALYSIS

=
W FP =
=

TOTAL DOWNWARD LOAD

25 mm
1.44 kN
637.00 kN
638.44 kN

N =

638.44 kN

Horiz. force in X (from analysis)

Hx =

17.41 kN

Horiz. force in Z (from analysis)

Hz =

15.00 kN

MOMENT Mx (from analysis)

M'x =

15.44 kN.m

MOMENT DUE TO Hz @ BASE

= 15.00 X 0.25
Mx' =
3.75 kN.m
= 15.44+3.75
MX =
19.19 kN.m

TOTAL MOMENT MX @ BASE

MOMENT Mz (from analysis)

M'z =

MOMENT DUE TO Hx @ BASE

= 17.41 X 0.25
Mz' =
4.35 kN.m
= 12.00 + 4.35
Mz =
16.35 kN.m

TOTAL MOMENT MZ @ BASE

12.00 kN.m

FINAL FORCES:
AXIAL LOAD

638.44 kN

TOTAL MOMENT Mtx @ BASE

19.19 kNm

TOTAL MOMENT Mtz @ BASE

16.35 kNm

Biaxial bending can be converted in to Uniaxial bending

l =
H =
0.40 m
b =
0.60 m

H' =

l' =
0.313
b' =
0.513
Mtx / b' =
37.44976
Mtz / l' =
52.3288

m
m
kN
kN

for Mtx / b' > Mtz / H' ; M = Mtx + b* (b' /H' )* Mtz
for Mtx / b' < Mtz / H' ; M = Mtz +b* (H' /b' )* Mtx
N / ( b * H * fc' ) =

0.096
b 0.888
M = 26.73983 kNm
SLENDERNESS RATIO:
Un-supported length of pedestal
Effective length of pedestal

lu

0.25 m

K =

2.00

le =

K lu

=
Least lateral dimension of pedestal

0.50 m

h =

Radius of gyration

0.4 m

r = 0.3*least lateral size

=

CHECK

0.12 m

Slenderness ratio =

le / r

4.17

IF Slenderness ratio > 22

RESULT

SHORT pedestal
Additional moment due to slenderness
Ma

= Nh/1750((le/h)2(1-0.0035le/h))
=
0
kNm

FINAL DESIGN FORCES:

AXIAL LOAD
TOTAL MOMENT M @ BASE

=
=

638.44 kN
26.74 kNm