Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of

equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thieles method ?

1.

Reflux is not a saturated liquid.

2.

Sensible heat changes for vapour & liquid are negligibly small.

3.

Molar latent heat of the two components are equal.

4.

Heat of mixing of normal liquid is assumed to be zero.

25 per cent cut segmental baffle means that the baffle

1.

height is 75% of the I.D. of the shell.

2.

height is 25% of the I.D. of the shell.

3.

spacing is 75% of its height.

4.

width is 25% of its height.

Fresh water carrying pipelines in chemical industries are coloured with __________ color.

1.

yellow

2.

brown

3.

red

4.

sea green

Two iron pipes of the same nominal diameter but different schedule numbers will have the same

1.

inside diameter

2.

wall thickness

3.

outside diameter

4.

none of these

The stress developed in a material without any permanent set is called the

1.

elastic limit

2.

ultimate stress

3.

yield stress

4.

breaking stress

Lessing ring is formed by the addition of a partition across the centre of a raschig ring, which results in an area increase
of about __________ percent.

1.

2.

35

3.

20

4.

40

Holes of a sieve tray are arranged in triangular pitch of __________ times the hole diameter.

1.

10 to 15

2.

5 to 10

3.

2.5 to 5

4.

1.5 to 2

In a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, the shell side cross flow area does not depend upon

1.

baffle spacing

2.

none of these

3.

clearance

4.

pitch

A rivetted joint does not fail by __________ of rivets.

1.

none of these

2.

shearing

3.

tearing

4.

tearing of the plate across a row

Where does the maximum tensile strength occur in a thick cylindrical vessel subjected to internal pressure ?

1.

At the outer surface.

2.

At the inner surface.

3.

At the mid thickness of the cylindrical wall.

4.

None of these.

Which of the following material is seldom used for pressure vessel construction ?

1.

Killed steel

2.

Mild steel

3.

Rimmed still

4.
Semi-killed steel
Smaller sized packings are generally dumped to the packed columns, and the large ones of size greater than __________
mm are stacked individually, which provides better control over bed porosity and offers lower gas pressure drop.
o

1.

25

2.

75

3.

50

4.

150

In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the tube pitch is defined as the

1.

O.D. of the tube for square pitch.

2.

none of these.

3.

shortest distance between two adj acent tube holes.

4.

shortest centre to centre distance between adjacent tubes.

The ratio of shear stress to shear strain is called

1.

bulk modulus

2.

shear modulus

3.

modulus of rigidity

4.

modulus of elasticity

In case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the minimum shell thickness for carbon steel (inclusive of corrosion allowance)
depends on shell diameter and is in the range of __________ mm.
o

1.

5-11

2.

8-15

3.

3-5

4.

12-18

Liquid/petroleum fuel storage tanks are built underground (as in case of petrol pumps), when the storage capacity is less
than __________ kilolitres.

1.

45

2.

30

3.

20

4.

80

In case of bubble cap distillation column of diameter greater than 1.2 metres, the cap diameter is roughly about
__________ cms.

1.

40

2.

20

3.

30

4.

10

Bracket supports are the most suitable for supporting __________ vessels.

1.

horizontal

2.

thin shperical (e.g. Horton sphere)

3.

thick walled vertical

4.

none of these

In chemical process equipments, the conical bottom heads used, usually has an apex angle of

1.

80

2.

60

3.

40

4.

20

Tube side pressure drop in a 1-2 heat exchanger (for turbulent flow of fluids through the tubes) is about __________
times, that in a 1-1 heat exchanger having the same size & number of tubes and operated at the same liquid flow rate.

1.

1/2

2.

3.

4.

The main purpose of providing stepping on the trays is to

1.

increase the residence time.

2.

facilitate handling of large flow rate of liquid.

3.
4.

improve the flow condition.

decrease the pressure drop.

Vertical storage vessels are never supported by __________ support.

1.

saddle

2.

bracket

3.

skirt

4.

lug

For a 25 mm hole drilled in plates to be rivetted, the shank diameter of the rivet should be __________ mm.

1.

23

2.

24

3.

26

4.

25

A stuffing box is used for

1.

prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts.

2.

absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes.

3.

reducing the resistance of fluid flow.

4.

facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve.

What is the value of q for saturated liquid feed to a distillation column ?

1.

>1

2.

<1

3.

4.

Correct use of factor of safety is very important in equipment design. It is defined as the ratio of the

1.

ultimate stress to breaking stress.

2.

working stress to ultimate stress.

3.

ultimate stress to working stress.

4.

none of these.

Speed of the drum of the rotary vacuum filter normally ranges from __________ rpm.

1.

0.1 to 2

2.

3 to 8

3.

8 to 15

4.

5 to 7

Pick out the wrong statement.

1.

A pipe is differentiated from a tube by the fact that a pipe has a greater wall thickness compared to the tube.

2.

The method of fixing tubes to a tube sheet by expanding is called 'tube rolling'.

3.

Lug supports are less expensive than other type of supports.

4.

A reducer is used to change the direction of a pipe in a straight run.

Pick out the correct statement.

1.
The pressure drop through the packed towers is generally more than the pressure drop through plate towers designed for
same duty.

2.
tower.

When highly corrosive fluids are to be handled, the plate towers prove to be cheaper and easier to construct than packed

3.

none of these.

4.

Packed towers are generally preferred over plate towers, if the liquids have a foaming tendency.

Tube height in a calendria type evaporator is normally less than __________ metres.

1.

2.

5.5

3.

4.

3.5

The ends of a cylinderical vessel can be closed by a head, which can be one of the four shapes. For the same thickness,
choose the one which can withstand the highest pressure.

1.

Hemispherical

2.

Ellipsoidal

3.

Flat plate

4.

Torispherical

Pressure differential maintained across a continuous rotary vacuum filter is in the range of __________ mm Hg column.

1.

100 to 150

2.

250 to 500

3.

50 to 100

4.

600 to 700

Pick out the wrong statement. In an agitated vertical cylinderical reaction vessel, the

1.

filling ratio for dispersing gas in a liquid is 2 for sufficiently long contact period.

2.

dished bottom vessel has very high power consumption.

3.

flat bottom and conical bottom vessels have low agitation efficiency for agitation of heavy solids in liquids.

4.

ratio of liquid depth to tank diameter (i.e. the filling ratio) recommended for most purposes is 1.

Shell side heat transfer co-efficient in case of square pitch as compared to the triangular pitch under similar condition of
fluid flow and tube size is

1.

same

2.

less

3.

more

4.

twice

__________ tray arrangement is recommended for distillation column having diameter upto 4 ft.

1.

Radial flow

2.

Cross flow

3.

Split flow

4.

Cascade

The operating velocity in the absorption tower is usually 40-50% of the flooding velocity. Packed absorption towers are
normally designed for a pressure drop of about __________ mm of water column per metre height of packing.

1.

1000-1500

2.

1-5

3.

20-40

4.

100-150

The operating pressure drop range in a bag filter is about __________ mm water gauge.

1.

50-150

2.

5-10

3.

500-1500

4.

1500-2500

Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of a basket type evaporator.

1.

The tube bundle is suspended on bracket.

2.

It is used for high viscosity liquor having large rate of scaling.

3.

Downtake is formed by the annular space between the bundle and the shell.

4.

There is no central downtake.

Optimum economic pipe diameter for fluid flow is determined by the

1.

density of the fluid.

2.

viscosity of the fluid.

3.

none of these.

4.

total cost considerations (pumping cost plus fixed cost of the pipe).

Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the bubble cap tray of a distillation column to give stable
operation and even vapour distribution.

1.

2.
Tendency towards stable operation is increased by increasing the skirt clearance of the caps, lowering the rate of liquid
flow per unit plate width or increasing the spacing between the caps.

3.
The pressure drop due to the caps & slots and the static submergence should be as high as practicable for reasonable
operation.

4.
0.4.

Tubes are fixed to the tube sheet (a thick circular metallic plate) by the method of tube rolling and brazing (nonremovable) or ferrule connection (removable). Thickness of the tube, sheet is normally __________ the outside diameter
of the tube but in no case it should be less than 22 mm (7/8).

1.

half

2.

1.5 times

3.

three fourth

4.

equal to

none of these.

The dimensionless ratio of liquid gradient to pressure drop head caused by the bubble cap assembly should be less than

A minimum clearance of about __________ mm is maintained between the distillation column wall and the bubble cap.

1.

19

2.

76

3.

96

4.

38

In a shell and tube heat exchanger for a given heat transfer surface area, smaller diameter tubes are favoured as
compared to larger diameter ones ; because the smaller diameter tubes

1.

are easier to clean.

2.

are less prone to fouling.

3.

none of these.

4.

can be fitted into a smaller shell diameter hence the cost of the heat exchanger would be less.

__________ closure is the weakest enclosure for cylindrical vessels.

1.

Conical or flat plate

2.

Hemispherical

3.

Elliptical

4.

Torispherical

Frame thickness in the plate and frame filter press is normally in the range of __________ inches.

1.

0.25 to 4

2.

0.25 to 8

3.

1 to 5

4.

1 to 12

Wind load consideration in the design of a support can be neglected, when the vessel is

1.

tall (say 30 metres), but is full of liquid.

2.

short (< 2 m) and housed indoor.

3.

none of these.

4.

tall but empty.

What is the slope of the feed line, if the feed to a distillation column is a saturated liquid ?

1.

2.

3.

<1

4.

>1

The distance between the centre of a rivet hole to the nearest edge of the plate is called

1.

pitch

2.

back pitch

3.

margin

4.

none of these

Which of the following efficiencies can be greater than 100% ?

o

1.

Overall plate efficiency.

2.

Point efficiency.

3.

Murphree plate efficiency.

4.

None of these.

In a pressure vessel containing multiple openings of various dimensions at different parts, stress concentration at the
edges of the opening is maximum which becomes negligibly small beyond the area covered by __________ times the hole
diameter.

1.

2.

3.

10

4.

20

A shell may by termed as thin if its thickness to diameter ratio is less than 0.1. The factor which can be neglected in the
calculation of membrane stresses is

1.

deformation

2.

shear

3.

bending

4.

elongation

Steam economy is defined as the amount of evaporation per unit amount of steam used, while the capacity is the total
evaporation obtained per hour. Use of multiple effect in evaporation

1.

does not affect the capacity.

2.

both increases capacity. and increases economy.

3.

increases economy.

4.

increases capacity.

The ratio of volumes of the mixed reactor to the plug flow reactor (for identical feed composition, flow rate, conversion,
and for all positive reaction orders) is always

1.

>1

2.

3.

<1

4.

equal to the order of reaction

Cylinderical shell thickness of rotary drier is generally __________ mm.

1.

6-8

2.

18-22

3.

2-3

4.

12-15

Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to shell and tube heat exchanger.

1.
Clearance between shell & baffles and between tube & baffles should be minimum to avoid by-passing of the fluid, but
it should be enough to permit the removal of tube bundle.

2.

3.
Tie rods are fixed at one end in the tube sheet by making blind holes and the minimum number of tie rods is 4 with at
least 10 mm diameter.

Baffles are supported independently of the tubes by tie rods and positioned by spacers.

4.

Bracket supports are used for horizontal shell, while saddle support is used for vertical shell.

In hydrostatic testing of welded pipe (for leakage, strength etc.) the ratio of minimum hydrostatic test pressure to internal
design pressure is around

1.

1.5

2.

2.5

3.

0.5

4.

3.5

What is the value of q for saturated vapor feed to a distillation column ?(where q = fraction of the feed stream that is
liquid.)

1.

>1

2.

3.

4.

<1

Pick out the wrong statement.

1.

none of these.

2.

The liquid head in the downcomer should not be greater than one half the plate spacing to avoid flooding.

3.
If sufficient residence time (around 8 seconds) is not proivided to the downcoming liquid in the downcomer, it may
entrain some vapour.

4.
The dischare end of the downcomer must project far enough into the tray liquid so that no gas bubbles can enter the
open end and by pass the bubble caps.

The ratio of lateral strain to linear strain is termed as the

1.

bulk modulus

2.

Poisson's ratio

3.

shear modulus

4.

modulus of elasticit

__________ heat exchanger is also known as hair pin type exchanger,

1.

Double pipe

2.

Finned

3.

Regenerative

4.

Plate type

A high vapour velocity is required for high plate efficiency in a seive plate coloumn. The satisfactory value of operating
vapor velocity for design purpose in seive plate column is about __________ percent of the flooding velocity.

1.

80

2.

60

3.

95

4.

45

Which of the following is the most common type of baffle used in industrial shell and tube heat exchanger ?

1.

25% cut segmental baffle.

2.

Orifice baffle

3.

75% cut segmental baffle.

4.

Disk and doughnut ba

The equivalent diameter for pressure drop is __________ that for heat transfer.

1.

equal to

2.

not related with

3.

greater than

4.

smaller than

In the downcomer of a distillation column, the minimum recommended residence time is about __________ seconds.

1.

2.5

2.

12.5

3.

17.5

4.

The distance between the top of the slots and the liquid surface when the static liquid is just ready to flow over the
overflow weir is called

1.

downcomer liquid seal

2.

static submergence

3.

none of these

4.

skirt clearance

Liquid gradient over the tray results due to the

1.

resistance offered to flow of liquids by caps & risers and the flow of gas.

2.

low gas velocity.

3.

large plate spacing.

4.

large reflux ratio.

In a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, the baffles on shell side is primarily provided for

1.

increasing pressure drop.

2.

fixing the tubes.

3.

reducing scale deposition.

4.

creating turbulence.

A binary liquid azeotropic mixture has boiling point lower than either of the components, when it shows __________
deviation from Raoults Law.

1.

negative

2.

positive

3.

none of these

4.

no

Safety valves are provided in chemical equipments to guard against excessive

1.

temperature

2.

turbulence

3.

pressure/pressure fluctuation

4.

noise

The approximate liquid depth in an agitation tank is equal to (where, d = tank diameter)

1.

2d

2.

0.5 d

3.

0.75 d

4.

Pick out the wrong statement.

1.

Too small a plate spacing can cause a low efficiency, if the vapour velocity is greater than the allowable value.

2.

Increase in depth of the liquid about the slots increases the plate efficiency, particularly if the liquid depth is < 1".

3.

Plate efficiency increases with increase in superficial vapour velocity till entrainment limit.

4.

none of these.

In which of the following evaporators, steam is fed inside the tube while the liquor is outside the tube ?

1.

Horizontal tube evaporator

2.

Long tube vertical evaporator

3.

None of these

4.

Short tube vertical evapora

Pick out the correct statement

1.

A rivetted joint made in overlapping plates is called butt joint.

2.

Hole size drilled in rivetted plates is less than the actual size of the rivet.

3.

Centre to centre distance between two consecutives rivets in a row is called the pitch.

4.

none of these.

For identical situation, condensing film coefficient in case of a horizontal condenser is almost __________ the value
expected in case of vertical condenser.

1.

half

2.

five times

3.

thrice

4.

twice

For turbine agitator, the impeller diameter is about

1.

0.1 to 0.2 d

2.

0.95 d

3.

0.3 to 0.5 d

4.

0.65 to 0.85 d

The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch
or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles ?

1.

To provide support to the tube bundle.

2.

To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes.

3.

To increase the residence time of shell side fluid.

4.

To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence.

Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of a long tube vertical evaporator.

1.

Liquor level is maintained at l/3rd to 1/2 of the height of the tube.

2.

Tube dia is 3-6 cms, while tube length in 3-6 metres.

3.

none of these.

4.

Steam is fed to the shell, whereas the liquor is filled inside the tube.

Pick out the wrong statement.

1.

2.
In practical operation, distillation towers having diameter 3-6 metres equipped with bubble cap (round) size of 15 cms
are used.

3.
Height of packing in a packed tower is about 3 times the column diameter for raschig rings and about 5 to 10 times the
column diameter for saddle packing.

4.

Cylindrical storage tanks used for the storage of volatile liquids (e.g., naphtha) have __________ roofs.

1.

floating

2.

flat

3.

conical

4.

fixed

In a seive tray, the minimum hole diameter is equal to the tray thickness.

In a stainless steel seive tray, the minimum hole diameter is equal to 10 times the plate thickness.